Abstract: This is a catalytic warmer or heater which may be made in different sizes and shapes. A chimney section top has an opening through which a heatable material container is insertable, and which rests on an X-frame supported on punched-in tongues providing draft apertures for the chimney, while a lower spaced series of punched-in tongues rest on a catalyst containing cage which, in turn, rests on a flange of fuel cartridge section below having a wick extending up from the cartridge to be lighted temporarily to initiate the catalytic combustion process. The supporting X-frame has a depending cylinder providing a snuffer to snuff out the wick and permit the catalytic combustion to continue. The catalytic combustion is stopped when desired by merely turning the entire heater or warmer upside down and then removing the fuel cartridge containing section, now on top, from the chimney section, now on bottom, the catalyst cage remaining with the chimney section and thus separated from the cartridge fuel section.

Abstract: The invention concerns heaters, particularly for sports benches and more especially for the benches on which substitute players of the team sit during games. In the preferred form, a self-contained heater such as a combustion operated construction heater with blower produces the heat behind the bench, and the heat is conducted through a conduit into the space beneath the bench, and then through a T-conduit in either direction to points from which it is distributed. The space beneath the bench confines the heat on the front, back, sides and bottom. Heat is distributed through openings in the top of the bench toward the back, and also through openings in the front of the bench, which may be at the top of the front of the bench and at the bottom of the bench. In a less preferred embodiment, heaters may be in spaces continuous with the bench.

Abstract: A shoe and foot warmer, heated by the combustion of a liquid fuel, which is attached as a cap to cover toe section of a shoe by means of straps and buckles. Control over the combustion process is exerted by means of a valve controlling the amount of fuel vapor admitted into the combustion section of the device.