Abstract: A screen comprises the following layers sequentially stacked from an incident side of projected light rays: a micro-lens layer, a transparent matrix layer, a total internal reflection layer, and a light-absorbing layer. The light-absorbing layer absorbs light passing through the micro-lens layer, the transparent matrix layer, and the total internal reflection layer. The micro-lens layer comprises a plurality of micro-lens units. The total internal reflection layer comprises a plurality of microstructure units. The microstructure unit has a lower first flat surface and an upper second flat surface. The first flat surface intersects the second flat surface. The plurality of microstructure units forms a serrated structure. The micro-lens units and the microstructure units are at least partially arranged in an alternating manner. The projected light rays converged toward the first flat surface exit after being totally internally reflected by the first flat surface and the second flat surface sequentially.

Abstract: A high efficiency heating apparatus for heating fluids and cooking mediums, such as oil or shortening within a fryer, includes a natural draft (non powered) combustion chamber with internal baffles that is affixed to an exterior surface of a fry tank.

Abstract: A substrate liquid processing apparatus includes a processing tub 34A which is configured to store therein a processing liquid in a boiling state and in which a processing of a substrate 8 is performed by immersing the substrate in the stored processing liquid; a concentration sensor 55B configured to detect a concentration of a chemical liquid component contained in the processing liquid; a concentration control unit 7 (40, 41) configured to control the concentration of the chemical liquid component to a set concentration by adding the chemical liquid component or a diluting solution to the processing liquid based on a detection concentration of the concentration sensor; a head pressure sensor 86B configured to detect a head pressure of the processing liquid within the processing tub; and a concentration set value correction unit 7 configured to correct, based on a detection value of the head pressure sensor, the set concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode arrangement comprising: a thermionic cathode comprising an emission portion provided with an emission surface for emitting electrons, and a reservoir for holding a material, wherein the material, when heated, releases work function lowering particles that diffuse towards the emission portion and emanate at the emission surface at a first evaporation rate; a focusing electrode comprising a focusing surface for focusing the electrons emitted from the emission surface of the cathode; and an adjustable heat source configured for keeping the focusing surface at a temperature at which accumulation of work function lowering particles on the focusing surface is prevented.

Abstract: A fryer system and method for producing fried food pieces are disclosed herein. A fryer, located in a frying region of the fryer system, produces fried food pieces. An adjustable draining device, located in a draining region of the fryer system, is downstream from the frying region and controls a residence time of the fried food pieces in the draining region. A set of takeout conveyors bridges the frying region and the draining region and reduces a bed depth of the fried food pieces as the set of takeout conveyors transfers the fried food pieces from the fryer to the draining device. An enclosure at least partially encloses the frying region and the draining region to maintain a controlled environment within the draining region.

Abstract: A gas burner assembly for a cooktop of an appliance includes a burner base defining a circumferential direction, an axial direction, and a radial direction. The burner base includes an inner sidewall and an outer sidewall. The inner sidewall defines a simmer flame port and a plurality of primary flame ports. The primary flame ports of the plurality of primary flame ports are spaced apart from one another along the circumferential direction on the inner sidewall. The outer wall is spaced apart from the inner sidewall along the radial direction such that a fuel chamber is positioned therebetween. In addition, the burner base defines a stability chamber extending from the simmer flame port of the inner sidewall outwardly along the radial direction. The burner base defines, at least in part, a stability chamber extending from the simmer flame port of the inner sidewall outwardly along the radial direction.

Abstract: A cooking vessel having a concavo-convex coating layer formed thereon is provided, in which concavo-convex portions are formed on an outer surface of the cooking vessel and a coating layer is formed on an upper and inner portion of the concavo-convex portions, so that quick cooking can be achieved through an enlarged heat transfer area and prominent heat absorption through the coating layer, scratching or slipping can be prevented from occurring, and cleaning of the cooking vessel can be easily performed through a non-stick function. The cooking vessel includes a vessel portion configured to accommodate a food material to be cooked therein, a first concavo-convex portion formed on an outer surface of the vessel portion and including first projections formed in a solid line and second projections formed in a dotted line, and a coating layer formed on an upper portion and an inner portion of the first concavo-convex portion.

Abstract: Provided is a cooking vessel which comprises heat transfer structures for directing a flame, which is concentrated on the center of a vessel part, to be diffused to the edge of the vessel part, thus allows heat to be sufficiently diffused to parts other than the center while the heat is conducted from the outer side to the inner side of the bottom of the vessel part, can be made lightweight, and allows a reduction in material and production costs. The cooking vessel, which comprises the vessel part in which to put and cook contents and handle parts installed on the vessel part, has the heat transfer structures installed on the outer side of the bottom of the vessel part, wherein the heat transfer structures are formed in a shape that allows the radial formation of multiple flame diffusion paths for flame diffusion to the edge of the vessel part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for deep frying food and, more particularly, relates to and discloses an oil/water tank deep frying device capable of safely operating at a wide range of water levels. The present invention provides an oil/water tank deep frying device comprising: an oil/water tank defining a space in which water and deep frying oil are held; cooling pipes formed inside the oil/water tank and consisting of a vertical pipe formed from the bottom surface of the oil/water tank in a vertical direction and a horizontal pipe formed passing through the side surfaces of the oil/water tank and connected to communicate with the vertical pipe; heating means formed above the cooling pipes within the oil/water tank; and a deep fryer basket supported in the oil/water tank and defining a space for holding items to be fried.

Abstract: Cookware in the form of a grill plate, griddle plate, waffle iron, panini press or the like is made from a cast composite including a graphite core plate encapsulated within a cast metal shell of aluminum or stainless steel, and a method for manufacturing same.

Abstract: The inventive concept presents a device and method to better provide cooking options to a user of an outdoor cooking grill. The disclosed “Plate Setter” is a reversible, circular plate-like structure having three legs integral to, and spaced symmetrically about, the circumference of the Plate Setter. The reversible structure is characterized by two integral, back-to-back cooking surfaces. Disclosed is a first cooking surface consisting of a plurality of parallel, raised ribs elevated above a walled, circular plate bed. The second cooking surface comprises a flat cooking surface reversible from, and precisely opposite to the first cooking surface. The second cooking surface further consists of three raised beams which intersect at a common point on the surface of the second cooking surface. The raised beams provide structural strength and also partition the second cooking surface into three equal cooking sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode arrangement comprising: a thermionic cathode comprising an emission portion provided with an emission surface for emitting electrons, and a reservoir for holding a material, wherein the material, when heated, releases work function lowering particles that diffuse towards the emission portion and emanate at the emission surface at a first evaporation rate; a focusing electrode comprising a focusing surface for focusing the electrons emitted from the emission surface of the cathode; and an adjustable heat source configured for keeping the focusing surface at a temperature at which accumulation of work function lowering particles on the focusing surface is prevented.

Abstract: A core coupling module for use with a dispenser system includes a plurality of sockets. Each of the plurality of sockets includes a socket fitting configured to couple to a compatible core fitting configuration. At least two of the plurality of sockets each include a socket fitting configured to couple to the same compatible core fitting configuration.

Abstract: Provided is a heating container simply cooks or heats foods using a heater without help of a heating device required for cooking during the outdoor leisure activation such as climbing or fishing. The heating container includes a main body in which a heater is inserted and water is poured, a built-in container inserted into the main body, the built-in container providing a space for cooking foods therein, and a sealing cover sealing an opened upper portion of the built-in container, the sealing cover being coupled to the main body when the built-in container is sealed. Each of the main body and the built-in container is formed of a rigid material, and vapor generated when water within the main body is boiled is discharged between the main body and the built-in container to the outside.

Abstract: This invention is related to a griddle plate for a gas grill and especially to a griddle plate which controls the heat from the gas grill flames with a grate on the bottom side thereof which grate forms a cooking container support for baking goods on the gas grill when the griddle plate is turned bottom side up. The grate on the bottom side of the griddle plate also allows for heating only a portion of the griddle plate cooking surface by controlling the burners in the gas grill.

Abstract: A pulse burner includes: a combustion chamber provided in a liquid vat capable of storing liquid; a tail pipe that is connected to the combustion chamber and has a heat exchanging portion located in the liquid vat and bent in a predetermined shape; and a mixing chamber which communicates with the combustion chamber and to which fuel gas and combustion air is allowed to be supplied. When mixed gas including the fuel gas and the combustion gas is exploded and combusted, the combustion exhaust gas is exhausted through the tail pipe to allow heat exchange with the liquid, and the mixed gas is inhaled from the mixing chamber into the combustion chamber. At least the heat exchanging portion of the tail pipe is bent on a substantially horizontal plane.

Abstract: In an improved swimming pool water heating system, water in the pool circulates through a first loop from the pool to a surge pit and through a filter before returning to the pool. The heating system includes a second loop with a heat exchanger and a remote water heater. The pool water is heated by the heat exchanger. The first and second circulation loops are separate from one another. The heater may include multiple heating units which can be staged for sequential actuation. The second circulation loop is closed, such that the pool water does not flow through the heater, but rather is indirectly heated via the heat exchanger. The heater is isolated from the pool water. The heating units are vented to atmosphere so as to be non-pressurized.

Abstract: A hot beverage making device includes a boiler for heating water; a housing for accommodating the boiler and connecting element for connecting the boiler to the housing. During operation of the boiler, water is heated and water vapor bubbles are created inside the boiler. Formation of the bubbles causes varying moments about the center of mass of the boiler. The connecting element is adapted to prevent transmittal to the housing of at least a portion of the moment variations. This keeps the noise produced as a result of vibrations of the housing at an acceptable level. In particular, the connecting element is adapted to let the boiler have at least one rotational degree of freedom.

Abstract: The fryer (1) for cooking a food product, comprises a main body (2) for housing a tilted container (3) adapted to receive the cooking oil, a tilted basket for containing the food product, positioned in an extractable manner in the container, first (30, 31) and second heating means (49), a selector for selecting a first cooking mode in a first volume of oil with the first heating means or a second cooking mode in a second volume of oil greater than the first volume of oil with the second heating means, and rotation means (17) adapted to operate in rotation the basket (11) or at least a mixing paddle (13) present or positionable inside the basket.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to an improved kettle using conduction and convection, yielding improved boiling efficiency and methods of making the same. In one embodiment, a tea kettle comprises a handle, a spout, and a voluminous container having at least one passageway positioned about an outer surface of an inner containment wall of the voluminous container, for allowing a heated fluid to pass therethrough and conductively heat the inner containment wall. In another embodiment, a tea kettle comprises a voluminous container comprising an inner containment wall having a surface comprising a plurality of curves, and an outer wall having a surface comprising a plurality of curves, wherein at least one passageway is defined between an outer surface of the inner containment wall and an inner surface of the outer wall, for allowing a heated fluid to pass therethrough and conductively heat the inner containment wall.

Abstract: A device for recovering, harnessing and reutilizing heat from along a side wall of a cooking vessel, a cooking vessel comprising such device, and a method of using such device. The device can be constructed as part of the cooking vessel or can be an accessory that attaches to different sized cooking vessels via adjusting means. Specifically, the device is made of a highly conductive and durable metal or metal alloy and comprises a skirt-like body, extending from the side of the cooking vessel and attached to a perforated slip-like portion that may be attached to or integrated into the side wall of the cooking vessel. The device harnesses and reutilizes heat from the underside of the body and safely and efficiently transfers the heat to the cooking vessel through conduction. The device can further comprise diffusers, a bottom portion with a plurality of ventilation openings, and a heat shield.

Abstract: In an improved swimming pool water heating system, water in the pool circulates through a first loop from the pool to a surge pit and through a filter before returning to the pool. The heating system includes a second loop with a heat exchanger in the surge pit and a remote water heater. The pool water in the pit is heated by the heat exchanger. The first and second circulation loops are separate from one another. The heater may include multiple heating units which can be staged for sequential actuation, depending upon need. The second circulation loop is closed, such that the pool water does not flow through the heater, but rather is indirectly heated via the heat exchanger. The heater is isolated from the pool water.

Abstract: A portable cooking system comprising a base tray, a grill plate, a lid, and a reflector is provided. The base tray comprises a heating through hole and a basin provided at a bottom of the base tray. The grill plate comprises a central opening, a substantially annular surface, and a plurality of drain holes in the annular surface. The reflector of an upturned bowl shape comprises a reflecting bump, radial furrows, and radial ridges alternatively disposed between the radial furrows, and the reflector is attached to a ceiling of the lid. Some of the radial furrows and the radial ridges are disposed on an inner surface of the upturned bowl shape, such that the heating airflow that rise upward through the heating through hole and hit a center portion of the reflector are guided outwardly to reach evenly over to the grill plate.

Abstract: A device for recovering, harnessing and reutilizing heat from along a side wall of a cooking vessel, a cooking vessel comprising such device, and a method of using such device. The device can be constructed as part of the cooking vessel or can be an accessory that attaches to different sized cooking vessels via adjusting means. Specifically, the device is made of a highly conductive and durable metal or metal alloy and comprises a skirt-like body, extending from the side of the cooking vessel and attached to a perforated slip-like portion that may be attached to or integrated into the side wall of the cooking vessel. The device harnesses and reutilizes heat from the underside of the body and safely and efficiently transfers the heat to the cooking vessel through conduction. The device can further comprise diffusers, a bottom portion with a plurality of ventilation openings, and a heat shield.

Abstract: A double-bottom pot with synthetic, silicon heat transfer oil sealed in a cavity formed between them to the extent of 100 percent of its volume, to disperse and evenly spread to the food contents the heat from an applied flame or burner no matter how high the temperature.

Abstract: A freestanding deep fat fryer (100) having a vat adapted for containing cooking fat or oil, the vat having side (130,131), rear (133) and front walls and a base, in use the front wall of the vat being located nearest a user. At least one electrical heating element within the vat, the heating element heating (150) the cooking fat or oil. The heating element is secured to the front wall of the vat near the base of the vat. The heating element being provided with electricity through the front wall of the vat. The freestanding deep fat fryer further having a ventilation hood (110) above the vat and a fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher having at least one fire detection sensor (301) and at least one nozzle (302,303) for spraying fire extinguishing foam. The sensor and the nozzle being located in the ventilation hood above the vat. The fire detection sensor being connected to a controller and the nozzles being fluidly connected to a pressurized container containing fire extinguishing foam.

Abstract: A housing has a top, a bottom and side walls. A liner has a top, a bottom, and side walls. The liner is fabricated of glass. A space is provided between the liner and housing. Insulation material is provided throughout the space. A heating assembly is provided within the liner. Glass water inlet and outlet lines extend through the housing and liner.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus includes a cooking vessel and a lid for covering the cooking vessel. The cooking apparatus also may include an exhaust tube for bleeding off pressure within the cooking vessel, in which a portion of the exhaust tube is positioned above the lid when said lid covers said cooking vessel. In another embodiment, the cooking apparatus includes a first O-ring gaskets for forming a first seal between the cooking vessel and the lid, and a second O-ring gasket for forming a second seal between the cooking vessel and the lid. A method for reducing pressure includes the steps of providing a vessel and covering the vessel with a lid. The method also includes the steps of positioning a portion of an exhaust tube above the lid when the lid covers the vessel and bleeding off at least a portion of the pressure inside the vessel through the exhaust tube.

Abstract: An improved tray ration heating system includes a reservoir. A heat exchanger transfers heat to the reservoir. A firebox at one end of the reservoir has an opening to receive a burner flame tube. The firebox delivers heated gasses from the burner flame tube along the underside of the reservoir to an opposite end of the reservoir. A main channel along the reservoir includes baffles which produce a tortuous path and introduce turbulence to the hot gasses. First and second channels adjacent to the main channel redirect hot air exiting the main channel, and third and fourth channels direct hot gasses exiting the first and second channels towards the opposite end of the reservoir. An exhaust channel extends along a vertical wall of the reservoir to an exhaust opening. The exhaust channel has baffles for displacing hot gasses across the vertical wall. An insulated outer liner supports the reservoir and heat exchanger.

Abstract: A frying vessel having heating elements placed within a cylindrical sleeve so as to direct a current of heated frying fat.

Abstract: A wholly self-contained pond heater for use in preventing ice from forming on a pasture pond, comprising a heater assembly secured in a casing which is partially submersible in the pond. The heater assembly has a fire box from which intake and exhaust stacks extend upwardly. The stacks terminate in tips which face one another. The casing has louvers for the movement of air into and out of the casing, and an LPG fuel supply provided on the casing and connected to the heater assembly.

Abstract: A deep fat fryer apparatus includes a cooking vessel and a support assembly which are complementally configured, whereby the cooking vessel fits into the support assembly's frame so that an elongated raised central portion of the cooking vessel is aligned above an elongated heating element of the support assembly. The cooking vessel includes sloping wall surfaces extending outwardly and downwardly from the central portion, preferably with one or a pair of troughs provided for collecting loose food particles deposited therein by convection currents in the cooking media. The troughs present a cooler zone for the collected particles than the cooking zone in the cooking medium above a grate on which food to be cooked is received.

Abstract: A gas fryer includes a tank for holding cooking oil, a heat pipe located in the middle depth of the tank so that the heat pipe is soaked in the cooking oil, a combustion chamber located at the combustion gas inlet side of the heat pipe, and a flue located at a combustion gas outlet side of the heat pipe. The heat pipe has a sleeve fitted in the inner wall of the heat pipe, and a spirally shaped mixer installed in the heat pipe. The flue also has an introduction system for fresh air, with a blowing nozzle of the fresh air positioned proximate to a narrowed region located about in the middle of the flue along a longitudinal axis, an inlet of fresh air located at a part of the flue, and a passage of fresh air provided along the inner and/or outer wall of the flue.

Abstract: A liquid heating apparatus is provided in which fins are directly secured and fixed at the bottom portion of a liquid tank to ensure sufficient heat efficiency with production cost reduced by simplification of the construction thereof and with maintenance being easily carried out. In the liquid heating apparatus which raises the temperature of liquid in a liquid tank by heating the bottom of said liquid tank with a burner disposed downward of the bottom of said liquid tank, an inclination plane which is inclined at a predetermined degree of angle and is formed on the bottom of said liquid tank, and long fins are fixed on the rear side of said inclination plane along the inclination direction thereof. The fins are provided with thermal expansion absorbing capabilities along the lengthwise direction thereof. The fins can be formed with channel-like cross sections, and the bottom wall portions thereof are fixed close to the rear side of the inclination plane of the liquid tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multipurpose fryer that can be used for cooking various foods. The fryer is composed of; a heater arranged in lower portion in the fryer; a net screen arranged over the heater; and a control unit arranged at an upper portion on the fryer, which is connected to both terminals of the heater to control the power supply; characterized by a space formed on an inclined mid-bottom of the fryer, which has an outlet communicated with a valve provided on an outer side of the fryer; and an auxiliary container defined as space beneath the mid-bottom and upper portion of end-bottom of the fryer and is extended to vertical direction along the side wall of the fryer, wherein its open portion is disjointably fitted by the control unit, its inside is provided with a auxiliary heater connected to the control unit, and a side of its lower portion is communicated with another valve provided on another side of the fryer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fryer that can supply suitable moisture for oil therein, as well as refine the used oil conveniently. The oil contained a frying vessel can keep sufficient moisture through two connecting pipes connected with both the frying vessel and a water vessel, by sharing the water during flow or by difference of pressure of water head and oil head and the difference of specific gravity between two materials. The fryer also can refine and recycle the used oil so that the foods to be fried can be fried with fresh oil always.

Abstract: A heater trough apparatus for heating water used for cleaning.

Abstract: A deep fat fryer is provided including a frypot of which the welded joints avoid the generation of flaws or cracks. The frypot (10) is a particular form of container made of metal sheets and having a top side opened and a bottom side closed, which comprise a pair of opposed connect sidewalls (11) and (12) arranged parallel to each other and a pair of opposed bending sidewalls (13) and (14) arranged of a bent shape. The bending sidewall comprises an upper sidewall portion (13a) or (14a) at the top side, a lower sidewall portion (13b) or (14b), and a sloping sidewall portion (13c) or (14c) connecting the upper and lower portions to each other, the distance between the two lower sidewall portions (13b) and (14b) being smaller than that between the two upper sidewall portions (13a) and (14a). The frypot is integrally fabricated by welding two halves along the vertical separating line (M) which extends across the connect sidewalls to the bottom side along a center line orthogonal to the horizontal.

Abstract: The inventive concept presents a device and method to better provide cooking options to a user of an outdoor cooking grill. The disclosed “Plate Setter” is a reversible, circular plate-like structure having three legs integral to, and spaced symmetrically about, the circumference of the Plate Setter. The reversible structure is characterized by two integral, back-to-back cooking surfaces. Disclosed is a first cooking surface consisting of a plurality of parallel, raised ribs elevated above a walled, circular plate bed. The second cooking surface comprises a flat cooking surface reversible from, and precisely opposite to the first cooking surface. The second cooking surface further consists of three raised beams which intersect at a common point on the surface of the second cooking surface. The raised beams provide structural strength and also partition the second cooking surface into three equal cooking sections.