Abstract: A device for measuring the internal temperature of a reforming tube including a first structure having an axial part of tubular shape positioned in the lengthwise direction of a reforming tube and a radial part projecting radially towards the central axis of the reforming tube, a second structure of oblong shape having at least one thermocouple made of welded Nicrosil/Nisil conductors arranged longitudinally against the axial part and radially against the radial part, and an outer sheath enveloping the first structure and the second structure.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a liner positioned within a compressor section or a turbine section of the gas turbine engine and at least partially defining a core air flowpath through the gas turbine engine. The gas turbine engine also includes a casing at least partially enclosing the liner. Additionally, the gas turbine engine includes a pressure sensor assembly having a body, an extension member, and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is positioned at least partially within the body and the body is positioned at least partially on an outer side of the casing, the extension member extending from the body through a casing opening in the casing and towards a liner opening in the liner. The extension member defines a continuous sense cavity exposing the pressure sensor to the core air flowpath.

Abstract: A device for measuring the characteristics of an air flow intended to be mounted in an annular duct having a longitudinal axis in a turbine engine, comprising supporting means which support means for measuring the characteristics of an air flow. According to the invention, the supporting means comprise at least one first support including a main branch supporting first measuring means and a second support, structurally independent of the first support and including a main branch supporting second measuring means, with the first support and the second support being so formed that the main branch of the first support extends over a distance greater than the main branch of the second support in a common direction of extension of the branches.

Abstract: Systems and methods for temperature measurement. In an example embodiment, two or more arrays of multi-spot temperature elements can be implemented, wherein at least one array among the two or more arrays constitutes a primary temperature measurement array and at least one other array among the two or more arrays constitutes a redundant temperature measurement array. The redundant temperature measurement array includes redundant spot temperature elements equivalent to spot temperature elements associated with the primary temperature measurement array. A transmitter assembly can also be provided, which communicates electronically with the aforementioned two or more arrays, and which processes and controls such arrays of the multi-spot temperature elements. The secondary (redundant) elements can be configured from the same material as that of the primary spot element(s) or can be composed of a different material depending on the sensor type (e.g., thermcouple, thermistor, etc.).

Abstract: A sensing device (100) senses a physical quantity of a fluid having a high temperature. A tube-like element (110) surrounds at least a part of a MI-cable (102) between a sensing end of the MI-cable and a sealing flange element (106) attached to the MI-cable. A major part of the inner surface of the tube-like element is at a predefined distance from the outer surface of the Mineral Insulated cable forming a gap (112) between the mineral insulated cable and the tube-like element. The tube-like element and gap increases robustness against thermal expansions and thermal shock due to rapid temperature change of the fluid.

Abstract: To provide an internal combustion engine control device (100) in which a control unit (107b) controls an operating condition of an internal combustion engine (1) based on a difference ?TCC between a first temperature TCC corresponding to the temperature of a first portion in a wall defining a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine (1), and a second temperature TE corresponding to the temperature of a second portion on an outer wall surface side than the first portion in the wall.

Abstract: There is provided a thermocouple temperature detector mounting structure for a mixing tank for which the temperature detecting end of the thermocouple temperature detector mounted on the high viscosity mixing material mixer is capable of measuring temperature in real time and for which the mechanical load applied, by the flow of the material being mixed, on the temperature detecting end is made as small as possible. A temperature sensing portion with a hemispherical tip, of a protective inner tube that accommodates a thermocouple element of a thermocouple temperature detector, is mounted on a mixing tank, for mixing a high viscosity mixing material, so as to project from the end of a protective tip that projects into the mixing tank.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The sensor assembly includes a bushing and a probe. The probe includes a body, an anti-vortex tip, and a tip end. The body extends from the bushing and includes a body surface. The body surface is a right circular cylinder with a first diameter. The anti-vortex tip extends from the body and includes an anti-vortex tip surface. The anti-vortex tip surface is a conical surface extending from the body surface to a second diameter at a taper angle from fourteen degrees to sixteen degrees. The tip end extends with a spherical shape from the anti-vortex tip.

Abstract: A temperature sensor includes a housing and a temperature sensing element disposed in the housing. Electrical connections may extend from the temperature sensing element through the housing and an epoxy may be disposed in the housing, wherein the epoxy may at least partially around the temperature sensing element. The epoxy may provide a thermal pathway between the sensing element and the housing and may be being flexible to accommodate different rates of thermal expansion between the temperature sensing element and the electrical connections without requiring a separate mechanical strain relief. A temperature sensor system includes a temperature sensor and a mineral insulated cable coupled to the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor may be configured to be removably coupled to the mineral insulated cable via a stop flange and a sleeve coupled to the mineral insulated cable. The sleeve may be configured to provide stability and reduce vibrational stress to the temperature sensor system.

Abstract: A refrigerator apparatus includes a housing with an interior chamber, thermoelectric devices that are thermally coupled to the interior chamber, and dual redundant electronics configured to generate and apply input power to the thermoelectric devices.

Abstract: A thermoelectric generator comprising a plurality of semi-conductor elements of type n an type p alternatingly disposed and connected at the ends thereof to form a plurality of thermocouples on two opposite faces of the generator, said elements being thin polycrystalline semi-conductor ceramic layers deposited on a microporous support by means of serigraphy and fixed to said support by sintering.

Abstract: A device for thermal sensing is disclosed based on only one thermopile. The cold junctions of said thermopile are coupled thermally to a first channel comprising a first substance while the hot junctions of said thermopile are coupled thermally to a second channel comprising a second substance, said first and said second channel are separated and thermally isolated one from another. Said device can further comprise a membrane to thermally and electrically isolate said thermopile and to mechanically support said thermopile. Particularly a liquid rubber, i.e. ELASTOSIL LR3003/10A, B can be used as a membrane material. Further disclosed is a method for fabricating such a device using micromachining techniques.

Abstract: A method for controlling the composition of a cast iron melt is presented. A cast iron melt is prepared which has added to it a structure modifying agent and a nucleating agent in amounts selected to produce a fully compacted graphite iron upon solidification of the melt. A sample vessel, having an inner wall having an active portion coated with a material which will lower the concentration of dissolved modifying agent and an inert portion, is used to extract a sample of the melt. Three temperature measuring devices are used to measure temperatures at three locations within the melt. One measuring device measures the temperature at the center of the vessel, one measures the temperature at the inert portion of the vessel's inner surface and one measures the temperature at the active portion of the vessel's inner surface. In another aspect of the invention, two sample vessels are used, one having an active surface and the other having an inert surface.

Abstract: A combined wafer support and thermocouple assembly comprising a wafer support basket having a plurality of wafer support fingers, one of which includes a low mass, low heat constant support for supporting a thermocouple against the backside of a wafer positioned on the basket.

Abstract: A combined wafer support and thermocouple assembly comprising a wafer support basket having a plurality of wafer support fingers, one of which includes a low mass, low heat constant support for supporting a thermocouple against the backside of a wafer positioned on the basket.

Abstract: An assembly for permitting temperature measurements at a large number of locations within a vessel, which assembly has a spreader-reducer for compacting a significantly large number of thermocouple cables into a relatively small volume so as to permit passage through one or more vessel nozzles. The thermocouple cables each has a heat expansion portion as well as a seat, thereby permitting a series of horizontal arrays of thermocouple junctions positioned at different depths within the vessel.

Abstract: Coolant fluid is sampled from a substantially horizontal part of the hot leg (16) of the primary circuit at at least three points (19, 20, 21) distributed at the periphery of a straight section of the hot leg (16), in such a way that at least one of the sampling points, or lower sampling point, is situated beneath the axis (17) of the hot leg (16). The temperature of the coolant water sampled at each of the sampling points (19, 20, 21) is measured at its outlet from the hot leg (16) and the coolant fluid is reintroduced into the hot leg (16) at a point situated in a position substantially diametrically opposite, with respect to one of the lower sampling points (20, 21), on the straight section of the hot leg (16). The sampling devices (19, 20, 21) connected by pipes (24, 25, 26) to a reintroduction element (22) are arranged at the periphery of the hot leg (16).

Abstract: Thermopile has a plurality of reference junctions and a plurality of measurement thermocouple junctions connected electrically alternately in series on a dielectric support. Each reference junction has thereover a first medium which is nonthermally responsive and each measurement junction has thereover a second medium which is thermally responsive. The first and second mediums occupy areas which are arranged in a checkerboard pattern, the reference junctions under areas occupied by said first medium each being electrically connected directly to a measurement thermocouple under an area occupied by said second medium.

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly including a thermocouple probe having facilities mounted thereto to protect the probe, e.g. from the hostile environment of a mounting hole provided through a refractory wall of a glassmaking furnace into which the probe extends for measuring the temperature of molten glass contained by the furnace. The facilities to protect the probe include an outer sleeve disposed in surrounding relation to a selected portion of the probe to form a first annular space between the outer surface of the probe and the inner surface of the sleeve; facilities for sealing the first annular space from atmosphere outside thereof; and, facilities for continuously moving a corrosion-inhibiting gas into, through, and out of the first annular space to thereby flush any infiltrating oxygen an/or alkali-sulfate corrosives out of the first annular space.

Abstract: In a means for supporting an elongated heavy thermocouple assembly the weight of the assembly is carried by a rigid support at an intermediate point along its length instead of by a long lever arm exerting a substantial torque at the point of attachment to the reactor vessel shell as in the conventional design.

Abstract: The response time of a thermocouple is improved by offsetting the outlet aspiration opening or openings in the thermocouple protective housing from the gas flow axis and the inlet opening. The outlet aspiration opening is located substantially at the gas separation point which is a point of minimum gas pressure. The degree of offset is thus chosen to maximize the pressure differential, .DELTA.P, between the inlet and the outlet openings. This increases the gas flow rate through the housing and past the thermocouple junction thereby substantially improving the thermocouple response time.

Abstract: System for measuring the temperature of a gas by sampling, having a measurement probe with a certain permanent error. The system includes in addition two corrective probes placed in contact with said gas sample, one of the probes having essentially the same error as the measurement probe, the other probe having a double error. These three probes are advantageously thermocouples connected in opposition in a predetermined order so that the measurement error .DELTA.T obtained by the measurement probe in relation to the real temperature of the gases Tg is compensated for by those from the corrective probes.

Abstract: An improved heat shield for shielding a sheathed thermocouple from heat radiating from or to surrounding bodies having temperatures different from the temperatures of hot gases which are being measured by the thermocouple. The improved shield generally is comprised of two elements, namely, (1) an elongated refractory member having an axially extending central passage for receiving the thermocouple and a plurality of parallel passages surrounding the central passage and (2) a flanged tubular holder for attaching the refractory member to one end of a water cooled probe. The refractory member is constructed of a large diameter thin wall refractory tube which is bonded to the flanged holder and houses a plurality of small diameter thin walled refractory tubes which are bonded to the inner surface of the large tube. The tubes collectively and individually define the central and parallel passages.

Abstract: A thermocouple having a relatively long thermocouple element portion extending co-axially within an encircling sheath has said portion supported by means which, while not normally movable relative to the element, are in sliding contact with the sheath. The support is preferably one or more thin-walled ferrules secured, for example by brazing, to the thermocouple element.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a thin-walled cylindrical metal conduit inserted into the path of the flowing hot gas with a thermal sensor positioned in the conduit along its axis. There are one or more smaller diameter thin-walled tubes positioned inside of the larger conduit over a portion of its length. The smaller tubes are concentric with each other and with the larger conduit and surround the sensor, so that there can be gas flow through the annular spaces between each of the tubes and between the sensor and the inner tube. Means are provided for causing a flow of hot gas through these annular spaces so as to bring at least the central small tube up to the temperature of the flowing gas and with it the temperature of the sensor.

Abstract: The response time of a thermocouple is improved by offsetting the outlet aspiration opening or openings in the thermocouple protective housing from the gas flow axis and the inlet opening. The outlet aspiration opening is located substantially at the gas separation point which is a point of minimum gas pressure. The degree of offset is thus chosen to maximize the pressure differential, .DELTA.P, between the inlet and the outlet openings. This increases the gas flow rate through the housing and past the thermocouple junction thereby substantially improving the thermocouple response time.