Abstract: An injection molding hot runner system adapted for leak detection during injection molding includes a manifold and a housing surrounding the manifold, wherein the manifold and the housing are spaced apart defining one or more pockets, the manifold comprises at least one junction point establishing a connection to a component attached to the manifold, wherein at the at least one junction point a sensor is located in the pocket, wherein the sensor is configured to indicate a leak when getting in contact with the molten plastic due to a leak at the junction point.

Abstract: An electric wire includes a core wire made of a conductive metal, and an insulating covering that covers an outer circumference of the core wire. A part of at least one of the core wire and the insulating covering is formed with a flat part flatter than a rest of the at least one of the core wire and the insulating covering.

Abstract: A thermocouple for temperature measurement according to an embodiment may include a first wire of a first metallic material and a second wire of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material, a first section in which the first wire and the second wire are electrically insulated from each other, a second section in which the first wire and the second wire are connected to each other to form a measuring junction, a first layer of a thermally conductive and electrically insulating first material enclosing the second section, and a second layer of an ultrasonic-weldable second material enclosing at least part of the first layer.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure relate to a sheath closure for a dual-wall mineral insulated thermocouple cable. The new closure and methods are required to maintain the integrity of both the inner and outer sheaths or inner and outer walls of a dual-walled thermocouple design. As the inner and outer sheaths are different materials, they may require closure separately with no mixing of the sheathing materials during welding.

Abstract: An integrated refractory management system includes: a cable module, at least a portion of which is inserted into a refractory; a measurement module, disposed outside the refractory, for measuring a current signal flowing through the cable module; an integrated management module for determining the state of the refractory on the basis of the current signal measured by the measurement module, displaying the state of the refractory, and generating management information on the refractory; and a local terminal for receiving the management information from the integrated management module.

Abstract: This invention teaches a multi-sensor quality inference system for additive manufacturing. This invention still further teaches a quality system that is capable of discerning and addressing three quality issues: i) process anomalies, or extreme unpredictable events uncorrelated to process inputs; ii) process variations, or difference between desired process parameters and actual operating conditions; and iii) material structure and properties, or the quality of the resultant material created by the Additive Manufacturing process. This invention further teaches experimental observations of the Additive Manufacturing process made only in a Lagrangian frame of reference. This invention even further teaches the use of the gathered sensor data to evaluate and control additive manufacturing operations in real time.

Abstract: A pressurized fluid jet cutting head is provided. The cutting head includes a body having one or more component parts coupled together, wherein a junction in the cutting head is defined between a first component part having a first engagement surface and a second component part having a second engagement surface, wherein the first and second engagement surfaces abut at the junction. A temperature sensor is positioned in thermal communication with the body and is configured to measure a temperature value of at least one of the first component part, the second component part, and the junction. The temperature value is communicated to a controller for analysis, wherein the controller receives the measured temperature value and communicates operating instructions for the cutting head based on a comparison of the measured temperature value to a predetermined value.

Abstract: An improved method and novel apparatus to create an in situ pseudo-blackbody to enable the reliable temperature measurement of castings within an infrared oven environment and the improved, highly efficient delivery of wavelength-optimized thermal radiation to accommodate the effective heat treatment of metal alloys of any temperature, including those removed directly from the mold still containing as much as 90% of the heat of the melt, thus reducing the energy requirement for solutionizing by as much as 90%.

Abstract: A temperature sensing assembly includes first and second temperature sensors disposed within an elongate mineral insulated conductive sheath. A junction point of the first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the conductive sheath. The second temperature sensor is electrically isolated from the conductive sheath. Measurements obtained from the electrically isolated temperature sensor can be used to test insulation resistance of the assembly or temperature indications from the electrically isolated temperature sensor can be compared to measurements taken from the electrically connected junction point to take a variety of corrective actions during use of the temperature sensing assembly, such as adjusting the installation of the assembly or applying correction factors to measurements obtained from one of the temperature sensors.

Abstract: A thermocouple that can stably perform direct temperature measurement under a high temperature environment (1500° C. or higher but 2300° C. or lower) and a manufacturing method for the same. A thermocouple according to a first embodiment is a thermocouple including at least a protective tube and element wires, the protective tube and the element wires are insulated from one another by an insulator, and the insulator is either one or both of a powder and a compact, and is composed of at least one of a zirconium oxide, a hafnium oxide, or a composite oxide of zirconium and hafnium.

Abstract: A cylinder of an engine of a motorcycle is tilted frontward. A throttle unit is provided above the cylinder, and a heat shielding sheet is provided between the cylinder and the throttle unit. The throttle unit includes a fuel injection device, and the heat shielding sheet extends between the fuel injection device and the cylinder.

Abstract: A method of identifying changes in a host material having a thermocouple embedded therein which includes using a Loop Current Step Response (LCSR) test method on a first thermocouple to obtain thermocouple LCSR data for the first thermocouple, recording the obtained thermocouple LCSR data within a storage medium, placing a second thermocouple identical to the first thermocouple at different location within a host material, monitoring sensor response data for second the thermocouple, comparing the sensor response data for the second thermocouple with the thermocouple LCSR data of the first thermocouple stored within the storage medium and identifying changes in the host material based on differences in sensor response data for the second thermocouple based on the stored thermocouple LCSR data of the first thermocouple.

Abstract: An electronic component module with leads includes an electronic component including terminal electrodes at both ends of the electronic component body, and first and second leads including metal wires covered with insulating members and arranged side-by-side, the first and second leads are electrically connected to the terminal electrodes, wherein exposed metal wire portions where the metal wires are exposed respectively from the first and second leads are provided on joint surfaces of the first and second leads on a same side and used to join to the terminal electrodes, the exposed metal wire portion of the first lead and the exposed metal wire portion of the second lead are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval in a lead length direction, the terminal electrodes are electrically connected to the metal wire exposed portions of the first and second leads, respectively, by solder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a temperature sensor system comprising a temperature probe element and a first ceramic housing part. The temperature probe element comprises a sensor element and electrical feed lines. The first ceramic housing part comprises a sleeve-shaped lower part with a closed lower end and an open upper end, and an upper part connected to the open upper end. The sensor element is arranged in the sleeve-shaped lower part. The upper part has recesses in which the electrical feed lines are partially arranged and guided. The lower part and the upper part form one piece. Also disclosed is a method for producing a temperature sensor system.

Abstract: A method for measuring ash/slag deposition in an operating utility boiler. The method has the following steps: i) providing a probe for the boiler wherein the probe has at least one thermocouple therein or thereon for measuring temperature; ii) measuring the temperature at the thermocouple at a baseline time; iii) measuring the temperature at least one thermocouple at a pre-determined time later than the baseline time; and iv) comparing the temperature at the baseline time to the temperature at the pre-determined time to correlate to a level of deposition. There is also a utility boiler system.

Abstract: A vacuum heat treatment apparatus according to the embodiment comprises a chamber; a thermal insulator in the chamber; a reaction container in the thermal insulator; a heating member between the reaction container and the the thermal insulator for heating the reaction container; and a temperature measuring member in or on a surface of the reaction container, wherein the temperature measuring member comprises a thermocouple and a protective tube surrounding the thermocouple, and the protective tube comprises tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), or silicon carbide (SiC).

Abstract: A cooled thermocouple arrangement (1) including a thermocouple (2) comprising two wires (3,4) joined at a first sensing end (5) to define a hot thermocouple function. At least a portion of the wires (3,4) are in thermal communication with a cooling arrangement, and the cooling arrangement has an inlet (14) for coolant and an outlet (15) for coolant. The thermocouple probe arrangement (1) includes a first inlet temperature sensor (21) for determining the temperature of the coolant as it enters the cooling arrangement, and a flow rate sensor (20) for determining the flow rate of coolant passing through the cooling arrangement. The thermocouple probe arrangement (1) includes connectors for connecting the outputs from the thermocouple (2), first inlet temperature sensor (21) and the flow rate sensor (20) to a correction data processor (23) whereby the data processor can correct the temperature sensed by the thermocouple to take account of the effect of the cooling arrangement.

Abstract: A method of assembling a temperature sensing device for a gas turbine engine is provided. The method includes providing a temperature sensor and providing a housing configured to envelop the temperature sensor. The method further includes mounting the temperature sensor within the housing such that a portion of the temperature sensor is disposed outside of the housing and such that the housing is configured to receive a flow of cooling air.

Abstract: A sensor and method of manufacturing the same. A plurality of conductors (33) constituting an electricity conduction wire (37) are fused and joined for unification by a first resistance welding operation. Subsequently, a terminal wire (20) and the electricity conduction wire (37) are caused to overlap in the axial direction and connected by a second resistance welding operation.

Abstract: A temperature sensor (1) has a sensor element (2), a carrier plate (4) and a contact surface and at least one electric feed line (3), which is routed, starting from the sensor element (2), through an opening (5) in the carrier plate (4). A guide element (8), through which the electric feed line (3) is routed such that at least the end of the routed section of the electric feed line, which end faces the sensor element, is located at a spaced location from each section of the carrier plate in the direction at right angles to the contact surface and is secured against displacement in each direction except in the directions in which the electric feed line (3) extends, is arranged on the side of the carrier plate (4) located opposite the contact surface or on a front side of the carrier plate (4).

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly includes a thermocouple probe fixedly contained within a probe insulation sheath. Also included is a protection tube having a first end, a second end, and a hollow portion extending in a longitudinal direction of the protection tube from the first end to the second end, the hollow portion configured to receive the thermocouple probe and the probe insulation sheath therein. Further included is a radiation shield integrally formed with the protection tube proximate the second end of the protection tube. Yet further included is a nut configured to threadingly engage a threaded portion of the protection tube proximate the first end of the protection tube, the nut configured to positionally fix the thermocouple probe and the probe insulation sheath upon engagement with the protection tube.

Abstract: A connector for a thermoelectric conversion element free of a continuity failure and that is high in electrical reliability. In a thermoelectric conversion module, each thermoelectric conversion element has first and second electrode faces, and the thermoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other are electrically connected thereto via connectors formed in a predetermined shape. Further, the connectors include a pair of fitted portions that are engagingly mounted to a first electrode face and another second electrode of the thermal electric conversion elements that are adjacent thereto, and a connection portions for connecting one pair of these fitted portions.

Abstract: A thermocouple ribbon features a pair of flat conductors and first and second layers of a polymide film covering the conductors. The polyimide film preferably is coated with a fluoropolymer, such as fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). During manufacture of the thermocouple ribbon, the first and second layers of polyimide film, with the pair of flat conductors positioned there between, are heated above the melting temperature of the FEP. The completed thermocouple ribbon is then cooled. A thermocouple connector may then be attached to a first end of the thermocouple ribbon, while a welded thermocouple junction may be formed at a second end of the thermocouple ribbon.

Abstract: A thermocouple includes a first thermocouple wire defining a distal end portion, and a second thermocouple wire defining a distal end portion. A hot junction is formed between the distal end portions of the first and second thermocouple wires. The hot junction defines a splice such that the first thermocouple wire and the second thermocouple wire are in direct contact at their distal end portions. A refractory coating is applied over the hot junction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a turbulated arrangement of thermoelectric elements for utilizing waste heat generated from a turbine engine. The turbulated arrangement of thermoelectric elements is located within the turbine casing at a heat exhaust end of the turbine engine. The turbulated arrangement of thermoelectric elements convert heat exhaust generated from the turbine engine into electrical energy. In one embodiment, the electrical energy generated from the turbulated arrangement of thermoelectric elements can be used to power electrical components located about the turbine engine.

Abstract: A thermoelectric material in a shape for forming part of a thermoelectric module, the thermoelectric material is coated with a protective layer to prevent degradation by humidity, oxygen, chemicals or thermal stress.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to a thermocouple device comprising a flexible non-planar substrate, a first printed thermocouple element comprising a first metal containing ink composition applied to the flexible non-planar substrate, and a second printed thermocouple element in electrical contact with the first printed thermocouple element making a thermocouple junction. The second printed thermocouple element comprises a second metal containing ink composition with a Seebeck coefficient sufficiently different from the first metal containing ink composition for the first and second printed thermocouple elements to together produce a thermocouple effect. The present application further relates to medical devices comprising the thermocouple and methods of making such devices.

Abstract: A metal gate thermocouple is provided. The thermocouple is configured to measure local temperatures of a device. The thermocouple is a passive device which senses temperature using the thermoelectric principle that when two dissimilar electrically conductive materials are joined, an electrical potential (voltage) is developed between the two materials. The voltage between the materials varies with the temperature of the junction (joint) between the materials. The thermocouple device includes a first conductor comprising a first material formed over a thin oxide layer or a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure and a second conductor comprising a second material formed over the thin oxide layer or the STI structure. The second conductor overlaps with the first conductor to form a thermocouple junction or dimension at least more than an alignment tolerance. The first and second materials are chosen such that the thermocouple junction formed between them exhibits a non-zero Seebeck coefficient.

Abstract: An example thermoelectric module of the present disclosure generally includes a first laminate having a dielectric layer and an electrically conductive layer coupled to the dielectric layer, a second laminate having a dielectric layer and an electrically conductive layer coupled to the dielectric layer, and thermoelectric elements disposed generally between the first and second laminates. At least one of the dielectric layers is a polymeric dielectric layer. The electrically conductive layer of the first laminate is at least partially removed to form electrically conductive pads on the first laminate. The electrically conductive layer of the second laminate is at least partially removed to form electrically conductive pads on the second laminate. The thermoelectric elements are coupled to the electrically conductive pads of the first and second laminates for electrically coupling the thermoelectric elements together.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion module component includes a laminate formed of a plurality of stacked thermoelectric elements each including a unit circuit having repeated pn junction pairs that extend meanderingly and that are formed of p-type thermoelectric material layers and n-type thermoelectric material layers arranged so as to be alternately connected to each other on a surface of an insulating layer, and oblique joint surfaces at which electrodes are led out of the laminate. The oblique joint surfaces are such that a plurality of the thermoelectric conversion module components are electrically connected by contacting the surfaces with each other to form a ring. A thermoelectric conversion module includes a plurality of the thermoelectric conversion module components connected to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: A thermocouple disposed on a substrate comprises a first leg of thermoelectric material, a second leg of thermoelectric material, and a thermocouple junction electrically connecting the first leg and the second leg, wherein a height of the thermocouple junction is substantially a height of the first or second legs.

Abstract: A metal gate thermocouple is provided. The thermocouple is configured to measure local temperatures of a device. The thermocouple is a passive device which senses temperature using the thermoelectric principle that when two dissimilar electrically conductive materials are joined, an electrical potential (voltage) is developed between the two materials. The voltage between the materials varies with the temperature of the junction (joint) between the materials. The thermocouple device includes a first conductor comprising a first material formed over a thin oxide layer or a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure and a second conductor comprising a second material formed over the thin oxide layer or the STI structure. The second conductor overlaps with the first conductor to form a thermocouple junction or dimension at least more than an alignment tolerance. The first and second materials are chosen such that the thermocouple junction formed between them exhibits a non-zero Seebeck coefficient.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring the temperature of a thermally loaded metallic base element, especially a gas turbine component, provided with a protective surface coating includes a sensor integrated in the base element. The sensor is arranged in a recess introduced into the base element from the outside. The protective surface coating is formed continuously over the sensor disposed in the recess.

Abstract: A catheter comprising a catheter sleeve and a micro-thermocouple adapted to move within the sleeve, wherein the micro-thermocouple includes a first insulated conductor, wherein the first conductor has a diameter ranging from around 0.00009 inches to 0.005 inches, a second insulated conductor, and a coupled region including a bare region of the first insulated conductor coupled to a bare region of the second insulated conductor and an electrically insulative cover.

Abstract: A thermocouple produced by removing insulation from a distal end of each of at least first and second thermocouple conductors, forming a thermocouple junction at the distal ends of the at least first and second thermocouple conductors, placing the thermocouple junction into the heat shrinkable polymer material by sliding a second end of the tube of heat shrinkable polymer material over the thermocouple junction and sealing the thermocouple junction by heating and melting the polymer material.

Abstract: A single thermoelectric device designed to operate both as an igniter and flame detector for gas burners is described. Ignition is performed via heating, by Joule effect, of a conductor which can have, preferably, catalytic activity on the combustion while the flame is detected by means of a “hot” thermal state via the seeback effect. Both functions are obtained via control of a circuit for delivery of the power and detection and amplification of the electrical signal correlated to the flame.

Abstract: Preferred electrode devices (10) including a substrate (11) and cathode (13) and anode material (12) coated thereon in discreet locations are described. The cathode materials desirably include multiple layers of thin metal films (14). Preferred cell devices including conductive elements and a solid state source of charged ions for migration into and through the conductive elements are also described.

Abstract: A self-detecting type cantilever for an atomic force microscope (AFM) has an electro-flexural conversion element for converting a flexural amount of the cantilever into an electric current or voltage, a temperature measurement element disposed at a front end portion of the cantilever for measuring a temperature, and a heating element disposed at the front end portion of the cantilever for heating the temperature measurement element. The temperature measurement element and the heating element are superposed with each other on a main face of the cantilever via an electrical insulating layer. As a result, even if the amount of electric energy supplied to the heating element is reduced, it is possible to effectively supply an amount of heat necessary for measurement to the temperature measurement element. Therefore, by minimizing the heat to be supplied to a sample and the cantilever, the respondency of measurement is improved and temperature measurement can be performed with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: A sensor designed for measurement of conducted heat flux passing through a solid object consists of a thin film thermopile deposited on a planar substrate whose thermal properties match those of the solid object. The thermopile is protected by a thin rectangular plate made of the same material as the substrate. The sensor is imbedded in the solid object and measures the vector of heat flux along the thermopile axis with minimal distortion of the heat flow pattern. Applications include measurement of heat flux in casting molds, boiler tubes, well surveying instruments and laser weapons testing.

Abstract: A contact measurement probe for measuring a temperature of a substrate in a process environment includes a probe head having a contact surface made of a ceramic material or a polymeric material for contacting the substrate. The contact measurement probe eliminates electrical biasing effects in process environments that include an ion source, thereby providing greater accuracy and reproducibility in temperature measurement.

Abstract: A sensor, in particular thermal sensor, having a silicon element and a largely self-supporting membrane layer equipped with at least one sensor element, is proposed. The membrane layer is furthermore spaced away from the silicon element by way of at least one contact column and is at least largely supported thereby. The contact column moreover makes electrical contact to the sensor element. Also proposed is a method for manufacturing a largely self-supporting membrane, a polymer layer first being deposited on a base element, patterned, and equipped with at least one cutout. The cutout is subsequently filled with a filler material, and a membrane layer is applied onto the polymer layer. Lastly, the polymer layer is removed again. The proposed method for manufacturing a largely self-supporting membrane layer is suitable in particular for constructing a sensor, in particular a thermal sensor or a thermal sensor array.

Abstract: The invention provides a temperature sensor on the basis of a thermocouple constituted by two different metals. The first metal is provided in the form of an electrically insulated wire, having a blank uninsulated portion. The second metal is constituted by a jacket member enclosing the insulated wire. The jacket member is in electrical contact with the insulated wire via the blank uninsulated portion to thereby form a measuring junction. As a feed line, an electrically insulated copper wire is provided whose free end has a blank portion. The first wire is wound around the copper wire and projects over the free end thereof. The jacket member extends over the blank uninsulated portion of the carrier wire and is in electrical contact therewith. Due to the fact that the same material is chosen for the jacket member and for the carrier wire, i.e. copper, the carrier wire can be used as electrical feed line.

Abstract: Preferred electrode devices (10) including a substrate (11) and cathode (13) and anode material (12) coated thereon in discreet locations are described. The cathode materials desirably include multiple layers of thin metal films (14). Preferred cell devices including conductive elements and a solid state source of charged ions for migration into and through the conductive elements are also described.

Abstract: A temperature sensing assembly utilizing a multipoint thermocouple. The assembly comprises a vessel, e.g. a chemical reaction pressure vessel, into which a thermocouple is inserted. The thermocouple utilizes an elongated sheath having a plurality of sensors therein. The sensors are arranged to detect temperature at a plurality of unique locations within the vessel.

Abstract: A multipoint thermocouple for sensing temperature. The thermocouple comprises a sheath having a plurality of conductor pairs disposed within the sheath. Each conductor pair has two conductors of dissimilar materials joined at a unique junction point along the sheath. The unique junction points permit sensing of temperature at different locations along the length of the multipoint thermocouple.

Abstract: A high-strength, single-staged, composite thermoelectric cooler (18) for stabilizing the temperature of an uncooled, infrared detector (16) comprising a pair of ceramic plates (20, 22), a plurality of thermoelectric elements (24) sandwiched between the plates (20, 22) such that the thermoelectric elements (24) and the ceramic plates (20, 22) define a plurality of chambers (26), and a thermoelectric insulator (28) which substantially fills the chambers (26) inside the thermoelectric cooler (18) forming a high-strength composite structure with the thermoelectric elements (24) and the ceramic plates (20, 22).

Abstract: A surface temperature sensor head including a first layer made of a material of a heat conductivity higher than 100 W/mK, a second layer having a crossing tips of a thermocouple and a brazing material and a third layer made of a material of a heat conductivity higher than 100 W/mK, the brazing material unifying the crossing tips, the first layer and the third layer. The sensor head enables a temperature prober to measure temperatures of an object non-destructively with high spatial resolution.

Abstract: A contact temperature probe having a probe head which includes a temperature sensor having lead wires which exit the head and run through a shield for shielding the wires from the process, wherein the probe head is supported for pivoting motion only by the lead wires and the shield is thermally isolated from the probe head.

Abstract: A self-diagnostic thermocouple (10) having a first (12), a second (14) and a reference (16) thermoelement enclosed in a sheath (20) filled with an insulator (18) separating the thermoelectric elements from each other and the sheath. The three thermoelements (12,14,16) are joined at a common location to form three separate thermocouple junctions (22) having three distinct electrical outputs as a function of temperature. The reference thermoelement (16) is made from a pure metal or alloy which has stable thermoelectric characteristics. Deterioration of the electrical output of the self-diagnostic thermocouple (10) is capable of being detected by a programed microprocessor (100).

Abstract: A cable gripping and tensioning apparatus is provided for attaching a cable to an anchor point such as a wooden post as part of a cable railing system. In one form, the apparatus includes a tubular component and a ferrule. The tubular component includes external threads to engage the wall of a hole in the post, an internal axial bore through which a cable may pass, a first end which may engage a wrench to rotate the tubular component and a second end which may provide a thrust bearing surface. The ferrule is swaged to an end portion of the cable. The ferrule provides a thrust bearing surface for contact with the second end of the tubular component, allowing for the rotation of the tubular component to tension the cable while the cable does not rotate.