Abstract: Printed wiring board manufacturing method, and printed wiring board.

Abstract: A purified and natural air distribution network including a number of suction towers that are connected to a secondary duct, which in turn is connected to a main trunk network, in which there are collector units and/or suction that drag the air through the network. The main trunk network air filtering packages and in turn along the extension there is at least one cleaning and filter change station and the main trunk network extends from the plurality of suction towers arranged, for example, in an open space with natural air up to the home facilities that have supply units of the natural air, thus providing a renewable and non-polluting, clean and conditioned supply, beneficial for the health of the user and the environment.

Abstract: Provided herein are new aluminum alloys comprising Ca, Mg and/or Zn and new coated aluminum alloys comprising surface layers (e.g., coatings) comprising Ca, Mn, Zn, and/or Ni that can be used in aluminum alloy products, such as clad layers. Also provided are methods of making these aluminum alloys, coated aluminum alloys, and clad layers, as well as clad products. These alloys, coated alloys, clad layers, and products possess a combination of strength and other key attributes, such as corrosion resistance, formability, and applicability of paint line pretreatments. The materials can be used in a variety of applications, including automotive, transportation, and electronics applications.

Abstract: A strip intended for the manufacture of brazed heat exchangers, having a core made of an aluminium alloy with the composition (weight %): Si: 0.10-0.30%, preferably 0.15-0.25% Fe<0.20% Cu: 0.75-1.05%, preferably 0.75-1.02%, more preferably 0.75-1.0% Mn: 1.2-1.7%, preferably 1.2-1.55%, more preferably 1.25-1.4% Mg<0.03% preferably <0.025%, more preferably <0.015% Zn<0.1% Ti<0.15% other elements <0.05% each and <0.15% in total, remainder aluminium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pipe having a thermoplastic casing surface and a glass-fibre-reinforced thermo-setting coating surrounding the thermoplastic casing surface. The thermo-setting coating is formed from multiple layers of glass-fibre matting or glass-fibre fabric, or a combination of the two, wherein the layers are applied to the thermoplastic casing surface in a wet-on-wet method using a vinylester, polyester or epoxy resin. According to the invention, an outer layer of the thermo-setting coating is formed from cross-wound glass-fibre fleece or glass-fibre fabric.

Abstract: A periodic arrangement of magnets are used to form structures that channel the potential energy that a magnet possesses into kinetic energy in a controlled fashion to perform some useful work or function. One function is to create a magnetic chute that converts the potential energy of a magnetic projectile into kinetic energy that is used to channel the projectile to follow a path achieving high velocities along a path. The path is formed by assembling magnets periodically along the path in a certain fashion to create a magnetic chute that allows the magnetic projectile to slide easily along the path since the projectile is confined by the shape of the magnetic chute.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a copper-alloy stainless pipe, an air conditioner including the same and a method of manufacturing the same. A copper-alloy stainless pipe includes a recrystallization layer forming an interface between a pipe base material and a copper plating layer, thereby increasing bonding force between the pipe base material and the copper plating layer. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the copper plating layer from being peeled off and to increase corrosion resistance of the pipe. The recrystallization layer may be composed of intermetallic compound.

Abstract: A screw smelting machine melts raw materials with a different chemical ratio in a mixing funnel in a feeding order to prevent the long-range diffusion of a melt, and controls outflow at a suitable speed. A centrifugal casting machine solidifies the melt with the ingredients gradient varying into a radial ingredient gradient material by a centrifugal casting style. A temperature sensor monitors temperature of an outer surface of a centrifuge cavity of the centrifugal casting machine during centrifugal casting, and transmits the temperature to a control platform. The control platform determines an optimal flow rate of the melt at an end of screw rod according to ingredient gradient of ingredient radial-gradient pipe materials and a thickness of each component gradient material required with preparation, in combination with a real-time data fed back from the temperature sensor, and feeds back to a feeding end.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) packaged unit includes a first refrigerant circuit component configured to change a temperature or a pressure of a refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit component and a second refrigerant circuit component configured to change a temperature or a pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit component. The first and the second refrigerant circuit components are within a common refrigerant circuit that is disposed within a common support structure. The HVAC packaged unit also includes an interconnection conduit having a length formed from aluminum, a first end segment coupled to a first end of the length, and a second end segment coupled to a second end of the length. The first end segment and the second end segment are each formed from copper, and the interconnection conduit extends between the first refrigerant circuit component and the second refrigerant circuit component.

Abstract: The reinforced removable thermal insulation (PARTS) contains the heat-insulating blocks joined among themselves placed on an external surface of the heat-isolated equipment. The Asti block is filled with heat-insulating material and consists of a reinforcing frame lattice sheathed on all sides with facing stainless sheets. For mutual detachable connection of heat-insulating blocks between themselves the lock latch is used. When using the proposed lock-latch, a guaranteed tightness is provided, the disclosure of thermal gaps between the side faces of thermal insulation blocks from the inaccessible internal bases of thermal insulation at temperature fluctuations is excluded, fitting works and welding of tension locks on the surface of their blocks in place during installation and Assembly work on the equipment are excluded. Asti blocks are able to save the weight of stainless steel, increase the strength of thermal insulation blocks by 2.56 times, significantly reduce the cost of their manufacture.

Abstract: A reusable plastic container is provided. The container includes a plastic container body having opposing side panels and opposing end panels. The container body also includes top side panel flaps attached to a top portion of each side panel, and bottom side panel flaps attached to a bottom portion of each side panel. The container body has top end panel flaps attached to a top portion of each end panel, and bottom end panel flaps attached to a bottom portion of each end panel. The top and bottom side panel flaps are each defined with respect to the side panels by a fold line. The fold lines including at least one scored portion and at least one welded portion.

Abstract: Composite tube assemblies and thin-walled tubing are disclosed. In embodiments, the composite tube assemblies include a functional tube and a sacrificial tube disposed within or around the functional tube. The sacrificial tube may be removed by exposure to a corrosive media, without substantially affecting the functional tube. Methods of forming composite tube assemblies and thin-walled tubing are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to duct liner insulation products for curvilinear ducts, and more specifically relates to methods and materials to universally fit duct liner insulation for lining oval ducts in air conditioning, heating, and ventilating (HVAC) systems. A duct liner insulation for a curvilinear duct is provided that includes an insulation layer configured to line an interior surface of a curvilinear duct when installed within the curvilinear duct. The duct liner insulation also includes an elastically deformable layer configured to compress the insulation layer against the interior surface of the curvilinear duct when installed within the curvilinear duct such that the insulation layer extends substantially uniformly around an inner periphery of the curvilinear duct.

Abstract: A first expandable tubular is longitudinally extendable from a housing. The first expandable tubular is expandable to a diameter equal to an internal surface of a wellbore. A first expander is configured to expand the expandable tubular. A second expandable tubular is longitudinally extendable from the housing. The second expandable tubular is configured to expand to a diameter equal to an internal surface of the wellbore. The second expandable tubular is downhole of the first expandable tubular. A second expander is configured to expand the second expandable tubular. The second expander is downhole of the first expander. A sensor is downhole of the second expander. The sensor is configured to detect a presence of a wellbore obstruction proximal to the tool.

Abstract: A method to manufacture a tubular element for transferring abrasive materials such as concrete, inert materials or suchlike, wherein the tubular element comprises an internal tubular component made of chromium carbide or other wear-resistant material, and an internal tubular component in contact with and coaxial to the internal tubular component and made of composite material.

Abstract: A thermal-insulated multi-walled pipe for superconducting power transmission comprises: a superconducting cable; a multi-walled pipe composed of a plurality of straight pipes and houses the superconducting cable; and a plurality of spacers that are located between adjacent two straight pipes of the plurality of straight pipes, wherein a cross-sectional shape of each spacer is a polygon having three or more vertices, each spacer has a through-hole at a center in the plane, an inner straight pipe is located to pass through the through-hole, a frictional coefficient ?i between each spacer and the inner straight pipe is 0.1 or less, a frictional coefficient ?o between each spacer and an outer straight pipe is 0.1 or less, and a ratio Ld/d of a diagonal equivalent length Ld of the polygon to an inner diameter d of the outer straight pipe of the adjacent two straight pipes is 0.9 or less.

Abstract: A method to make a tubular element to transfer abrasive materials such as concrete, inert materials or suchlike, where the tubular element includes an external tubular component made of steel and an internal tubular component, coaxial to the external tubular component, where the internal tubular component is made of chromium carbide, or other similar material resistant to wear.

Abstract: To provide a heat pipe where the heat pipe has an excellent capacity for absorbing a non-condensable gas such as a hydrogen gas thus exhibiting excellent heat transfer characteristics. The heat pipe includes: a container having a cavity portion inside the container; a wick structure disposed in the cavity portion; a working fluid sealed in the cavity portion; and a metal which absorbs hydrogen at 350° C. or below and releases no hydrogen at 350° C. or below, the metal being disposed in the cavity portion.

Abstract: The present invention may manufacture a composite pipe by forming an adhesive layer and a resin layer on an outer surface of a metal pipe, and although the composite pipe is wound in a ring shape after the composite pipe is manufactured, a circular cross sectional shape may be maintained without deformation, and after the composite pipe is straightened for the purpose of construction, separation or buckling may be prevented, resulting in excellent transportability and constructability of a product.

Abstract: Provided is a device for assembling a fuel supply pipe of which a joint portion between a pipe body and a short cylindrical member has a high strength and which has high anti-corrosion performance. Specifically, while a laser beam in a defocused state is being emitted to impinge on an end portion of the pipe body that overlaps the short cylindrical member, the pipe body and the short cylindrical member are rotated through one complete turn relative to the laser beam, thereby melting the entire periphery of the end portion. While the laser beam in a defocused state is being emitted to impinge on the melted end portion, the pipe body and the short cylindrical member are rotated through at least one further complete turn, thereby joining by welding the end portion to the outer periphery of the short cylindrical member.

Abstract: A polyethylene nanocomposite composition comprising: (i) base polyethylene resin of medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene resin having a melt flow index in the range of from 0.10 to 1.4 g/10 min at 190° C. and 5 kg as measured according to ISO 1133, high load melt flow index of from 4 to 20 g/10 min at 190° C. and 21.6 kg as measured according to ISO 1133 and a density in the range of from about 0.930 to about 0.970 g/cm3 at 23° C. as measured according to ASTM D792; and (ii) planar carbon nanoparticles having a BET (from Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory) surface area of at least 50 m2/g, in an amount of from 0.1% to 20% by weight based on the weight of the polyethylene nanocomposite composition.

Abstract: An expandable tubular having a receptacle at its lower end is installed in a wellbore. An axial force is generated on a solid cone assembly to push the solid cone assembly. The solid cone assembly includes a cone body formed from a drillable material, the cone body having an expansion surface, a first expansion profile formed in a first portion of the expansion surface, and a second expansion profile formed in a second portion of the expansion surface. The second expansion profile includes one or more facets. The facets of the second expansion profile engage the receptacle, providing a rotational lock to the cone body. After expansion of the expandable tubular, the cone body may be drilled or milled.

Abstract: A columnar structure comprises a generally hollow laminate core, an outer composite skin, and a sleeve-like reinforcement. The sleeve-like reinforcement surrounds the laminate core and is sandwiched between the laminate core and the outer composite skin for reacting compressive loads imposed on the columnar structure.

Abstract: A reforming tube including a cavity emerging on either side of the tube, an external wall, an internal wall, a protection element for protecting against corrosion inserted into the cavity mirroring at least a portion of the internal wall, a space between the internal wall and the protective part, and a refractory material which fills in the space between the internal wall and the protection element.

Abstract: A method of making mechanically-lined pipe with primary expansion by plastically expanding a liner sleeve within an outer pipe, under lining pressure applied internally to the liner sleeve. On relieving the lining pressure, elastic radial contraction of the outer pipe makes a mechanical bond between the outer pipe and the liner sleeve. Then, secondary expansion of the outer pipe is performed under fixing pressure, which may be greater than the lining pressure, applied internally to the liner sleeve at an end portion of the pipe. This makes or strengthens a mechanical bond at the end portion. The resulting pipe joint has an end portion and a body portion inboard of the end portion. The body portion has a first, lesser bonding pressure between the outer pipe and the liner sleeve. The end portion has a second, greater bonding pressure between the outer pipe and liner sleeve.

Abstract: A method for producing a corrosion resistant metal substrate and corrosion resistant metal substrate provided thereby. The method involves forming a plated substrate including a metal substrate provided with a nickel layer or with a nickel and cobalt layer followed by electrodepositing a molybdenum oxide layer from an aqueous solution onto the plated substrate, which is subsequently subjected to an annealing step in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the molybdenum oxide in the molybdenum oxide layer to molybdenum metal in a reduction annealing step and to form a diffusion layer which contains nickel and molybdenum, and optionally cobalt.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a foldable duct (4) made of glass or stone fibers and binder agent having a foil (1) laminated thereon, on the inside and outside of the duct, wherein the foil (1) at least comprises: an outer layer of aluminum (5), an intermediate layer of a thermoplastic polymer (6) having a lower melt point than polyethylene, positioned closest to the outer layer of aluminum (5), an intermediate layer of polyethylene (7), positioned between the intermediate layer of thermoplastic polymer (6), and an inner layer of a thermoplastic polymer (8) having a lower melt point than polyethylene.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a waveguide apparatus for receiving wireless signals. The waveguide apparatus includes a first waveguide member and a second waveguide member attached to the first waveguide member to form a waveguide having an aperture for receiving wireless signals. The first waveguide member includes a first wall and a second wall forming a first corner of the aperture, and the second waveguide member includes a third wall and a fourth wall forming a third corner of the aperture. After the first waveguide member is attached to the second waveguide member, the second wall and the third wall form a second corner of the aperture, and the fourth wall and the first wall form a fourth corner of the aperture.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the flow of a fluid through a measuring tube using the magneto inductive measuring principle, comprising a magnet system for producing a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, at least two measuring electrodes coupling with the fluid and secured on a measuring tube subsection for sensing an induced voltage, at least one electronics unit for signal registration, evaluation and/or power supply, and a housing, wherein the housing bounds and protects against the environment the measuring tube subsection and at least one other component secured outwardly thereto on the side facing away from the fluid, wherein the housing is manufactured at least partially of a thermoplastic material, which encases with accurate fit the measuring tube subsection and the at least one other component secured thereto.

Abstract: A reactive material stack with tunable ignition temperatures is provided by inserting a barrier layer between layers of reactive materials. The barrier layer prevents the interdiffusion of the reactive materials, thus a reaction between reactive materials only occurs at an elevated ignition temperature when a certain energy threshold is reached.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and system for repairing wellbore casing. In one embodiment, an expandable casing patch system for a wellbore includes a casing patch deployment apparatus. The casing patch deployment apparatus includes a shaft having a frontward end and a rearward end as well as a thruster and a main expansion swage disposed on the shaft. The casing patch deployment apparatus also includes an anchor disposed on the shaft. The anchor is disposed frontward of the main expansion swage. In addition, the casing patch deployment apparatus includes a front expansion swage disposed frontward of the anchor and attached to the shaft. The front expansion swage has a diameter less than a diameter of the main expansion swage. The expandable casing patch system also includes an expandable casing patch.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a gear includes providing a rim gear, a hub and a core wherein the core is annular and has a core forging temperature below a hot hardness temperature of the rim gear and the hub. The rim gear and the hub are rotated about an axis relative to the core. During the relative rotation, the rim gear and the hub are in contact with the core to generate friction heat to raise an interface temperature of the core to the core forging temperature. The hub is driven into the core to upset a first portion of the core into an outer annular groove defined in a first faying surface of the hub. The rim gear is driven over the core to upset a second portion of the core into an inner annular groove defined in a second faying surface of the rim gear.

Abstract: A bumper unit of a vehicle includes a plurality of bumper beams arranged in a width direction of the vehicle, each of the bumper beams being coupled at both ends thereof to a vehicle body, a bumper reinforcement member configured as a molded synthetic-resin base, the base being formed with a plurality of through-holes in the width direction of the vehicle such that the bumper beams penetrate the base via the through-holes, and a strengthening band formed of reinforcement fiber tows, the strengthening band being configured to surround the exterior of the bumper reinforcement member.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing pipes using thermoplastic pipe and “tape” (continuous fiber, fully wetted in a similar thermoplastic as the pipe) that embeds the fibers into pipe surface. In one embodiment, an ambient temperature (72 degrees F.) tape is tightly wrapped around the cold pipe in a dry environment (relative humidity below 30). An external heat source is used to heat up the entire length of the pipe causing the thermoplastic to melt and the pipe to expand due to thermal expansion. Since the fibers have less stretch than the thermal expansion of the pipe the fibers will be embedded into the molten layer of the pipe, creating a permanent bond between the fibers and the pipe. A protective film is applied to the pipe. Portions of the tape and film are scraped from the surface of the pipe creating an area where the end of the pipe is coupled to another pipe using an electronic fusion coupler.

Abstract: A reactive material stack with tunable ignition temperatures is provided by inserting a barrier layer between layers of reactive materials. The barrier layer prevents the interdiffusion of the reactive materials, thus a reaction between reactive materials only occurs at an elevated ignition temperature when a certain energy threshold is reached.

Abstract: A cap has a plurality of engaging portions elastically engageable with a wheel for holding a tire. The cap is configured to partly cover the wheel. Each of the plurality of engaging portions has a spring member formed of metal.

Abstract: A debris blocking device that may prevent grease and particular buildup inside the protective piping of a typical fusible link fire detection system. The debris blocking device has a shield with two surfaces. The one surface engages a protected object, while the other surface forms an area of the shield. The debris blocking device has an opening disposed within the area of the shield. The debris blocking device may engage a length of conduit, or piping that has an inside and an outside surface, and an open end. One surface of the debris blocking engages the inside surface of the open end of the conduit or pipe. This surface of the debris blocking device may also contain the opening that is capable of admitting an elongated component.

Abstract: In order to produce a formed part furnished with a through hole, a rod material is advanced by a defined length in the direction of its lengthwise extension into a forming die through a stationary guide and then immobilised by a clamping arrangement that engages with it circumferentially. The end portion of the rod material is then axially swaged by a swaging tool and is thus shaped into a disc, the circumference of which is defined by the forming die. The disc is then penetrated axially by a dishing tool and impact extruded at the same time, the displaced material flowing between the dishing tool and the inner circumferential wall of the forming die. The formed part located in the forming die is then rotated coaxially relative to the rest of the rod material and thereby separated from the rest of the rod material by torsion shearing.

Abstract: A method for coating a segment of pipe is disclosed. The method comprises applying by electrodeposition a coating composition to the segment of pipe wherein the coating composition comprises: (i) a (meth)acrylic polymer dispersed in aqueous medium prepared by polymerizing in the presence of a cationic salt group containing polymeric dispersant a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer composition comprising a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers at least one of which contains at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups per molecule; (ii) an electrodepositable cationic resinous vehicle containing active hydrogen groups; and (iii) a curing agent reactive with the active hydrogen groups.

Abstract: A corrosion protected metal pipe for installation in an offshore structure or for producing a pipeline laid in water is provided. The metal pipe has an at least two-layer covering on the pipe with a lower layer facing the pipe and an upper layer on a side of the lower layer not facing the pipe is provided. The layers are formed such that the lower layer is electrically conductive and the upper layer is electrically insulating, the lower layer is optically contrasting to the upper layer, or the lower layer is electrically conducting and optically contrasting to the upper layer and the upper layer is electrically insulating. Thus, in the event of damage to the layer or layers lying above, a visual or electrical signal can be detected. Damage to the corrosion protection covering can therefore be detected easily and, if appropriate, reported by remote monitoring.

Abstract: A wound tube is made of profiled plastic strips, the profiling of which comprises at least the edge region. The edge region is designed such that edge regions of successive coils, the edge regions lying mutually adjacent during winding, can be connected in a form-fitting manner, and at least one of the surfaces of the plastic strips has ribs projecting perpendicularly essentially to one side in order to form a flat inner surface during winding. The tube wall of the wound tube is designed as a double wall and is assembled from a first inner plastic strip and from a second outer plastic strip, wherein the ribs projecting perpendicularly essentially to one side fix the distance of the outer plastic strip from the inner plastic strip. A device with which such wound tubes can be advantageously produced on-site is also provided.

Abstract: A structural component for use in oil, gas, exploration, refining and petrochemical applications in the form of a pipe system is provided. The pipe system contains at least two pipe sections are that fusion bonded together, each pipe section comprises a plurality of layers, an inner layer in contact with the corrosive petroleum product comprising a thermoplastic material, a structural layer comprising a composite material, and an outer layer comprising a fire resistive material. In one embodiment, the pipe system meets level II fire endurance standard according to IMO A 18/Res.753 fire testing protocol.

Abstract: The invention provides a pipe 100 for an aircraft refuel system, the pipe comprising an outer section 200 making up a pipe wall, the pipe wall having an outer and inner 230 surface, a surface texture 310 on the inner pipe wall surface, the surface texture comprising projections 311 projecting inwards from the inner pipe wall surface towards the centre of the pipe. The surface texture may be riblets 311 and may be coated with an anti-bacterial coating 340. The surface texture may be formed from a layer of conductive material, in the form of a foil 300. The outer section 200 may be made from a non-conductive, preferably composite material. The invention also provides a method of manufacturing piping for an aircraft refuel system using a mandrel 400.

Abstract: A system for melting a substance may be provided. The system may comprise a microwave generator, at least one wave guide, a melter assembly, and at least one thermal insulator. The at least one wave guide may connect the microwave generator to at least one power transfer element. The at least one wave guide may be configured to transfer microwave energy from the microwave generator to a refractory assembly. The melter assembly may comprise the refractory assembly and the at least one power transfer element connected to the refractory assembly. The refractory assembly may comprise at least one absorption element configured to transfer microwave energy, received from the at least one power transition element, into heat energy. The at least one thermal insulator may be configured to allow the microwaves to penetrate to the at least one absorption element.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe includes a metal base material and a surface coating layer formed on a surface of the metal base material. The surface coating layer contains an inorganic glass base material and has a concave portion and a convex portion on a surface of the surface coating layer. The concave portion is lower than a first reference surface. The first reference surface has an average height of the surface of the surface coating layer. The convex portion is located on a peripheral edge portion of the concave portion and surrounds the concave portion. The convex portion is higher than the first reference surface.

Abstract: Provided is a steel sheet for manufacturing a pipe having corrosion resistance against fuel vapor of fuel such as gasoline, light oil, bioethanol or bio-diesel fuel, and a pipe and a fuel supply pipe. In the steel sheet for manufacturing a pipe, a Fe—Ni diffusion layer and a softened Ni layer which is provided on the Fe—Ni diffusion layer are formed on a surface of a steel sheet, and a thickness of the softened Ni layer is set to a value which falls within a range of 0.9 to 8.1 ?m thus having corrosion resistance against fuel vapor. In the pipe and the fuel supply pipe, a Fe—Ni diffusion layer and a softened Ni layer which is provided on the Fe—Ni diffusion layer are formed on an inner surface of a pipe formed of a steel sheet, and a thickness of the softened Ni layer is set to a value which falls within a range of 0.9 to 8.1 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is a pipe having a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant multi-layered plated layer excellent in workability. The pipe includes a multi-layered plated layer including: a ZnNi alloy plated layer that has a Ni content of 5% to 9% and a layer thickness of 3 ?m to 9 ?m and is formed as a first layer on a surface of a base steel pipe; another ZnNi alloy plated layer that has a Ni content of 10% to 15% and a layer thickness of 1 ?m to 3 ?m and is deposited as a second layer on the ZnNi alloy plated layer formed as the first layer; and a chromate film that is formed on the ZnNi alloy plated layer formed as the second layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of iron-based corrosion resistant hardfacing alloys. The alloys can be designed through the use of different compositional, thermodynamic, microstructural, and performance criteria. In some embodiments, chromium content in the alloy can be increased while avoiding the formation of different hard chromium carbides, thereby increasing the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

Abstract: The present invention may manufacture a composite pipe by forming an adhesive layer and a resin layer on an outer surface of a metal pipe, and although the composite pipe is wound in a ring shape after the composite pipe is manufactured, a circular cross sectional shape may be maintained without deformation, and after the composite pipe is straightened for the purpose of construction, separation or buckling may be prevented, resulting in excellent transportability and constructability of a product.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting hose abrasion are disclosed. In one aspect, a hose abrasion monitoring system includes a hose assembly a monitoring circuit. The hose assembly includes a hose having at least one conductive layer and at least one outer insulating cover overlaying the at least one conductive layer. The monitoring circuit is in electrical communication with the at least one conductive layer. Upon abrasion of the at least one outer cover to expose a portion of the at least one conductive layer, the monitoring circuit is configured to detect electrical continuity between the at least one conductive layer and a conductive component external to the hose.