Abstract: A spoolable composite tube capable of being spooled onto a reel for storage and for use in oil field applications. The spoolable tube exhibits unique anistropic characteristics that provide improved burst and collapse pressures, increased tensile strength, compression strength, and load carrying capacity, while still remaining sufficiently bendable to be spooled onto a reel in an open bore configuration. The spoolable composite tube can include an inner liner, an interface layer, fiber composite layers, a pressure barrier layer, and an outer protective layer. The fiber composite layers can have a unique triaxial braid structure.

Abstract: Arc-quenching fuse tubes comprising an elongated tubular body having an inner arc-quenching surface layer which comprises an arc-quenching matrix comprising a fibrous material and an arc-quenching composition. The arc-quenching compositions comprise a cured composition of an aromatic epoxy resin and a linear aliphatic epoxy resin.

Abstract: An FRP curved pipe, particularly suitable for an FRP racket, good in resin flowability and deaeration at the time of molding, less in surface defects and excellent in strength can be obtained by a structure comprising an inner layer including a reinforcing fiber and an outer layer including a non-woven fabric having a single fiber diameter of not greater than 20 .mu.m and a weight per unit area of not greater than 100 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: Described herein is a method of preparing a fluoropolymer composite tube comprising the steps of forming a fluoropolymer substrate, and thereafter layering and chemically bonding the fluoropolymer with a polymer layer, preferably a thermosetting or thermoplastic elastomer. The fluoropolymer substrate can be activated by subjecting the substrate to a charged gaseous atmosphere formed by electrically ionizing a gas which contacts the substrate. Thereafter, a layer of a thermosetting or thermplastic elastomer is applied to the activated fluoropolymer substrate resulting in a stronger chemical bond. The ionizing step can be described as a mixed gas plasma discharge or an electrically formed plasma. The thermosetting elastomer can, but does not have to contain a curing agent.

Abstract: Conduit liners and methods for their construction and use are provided. The liners include a first flexible layer mechanically bonded to at least one glass-containing layer and folded to form a tubular laminate. The laminate can be penetrable by resinous liquid capable of setting the form of substantially continuous matrix within the laminate following the expansion of the laminate within a conduit. In preferred versions of the liner, multiple glass layers are provided on the inner and outer diameter of the construction with a polyester core so as to meet minimum thickness requirements for vibration resistance under American in situ pipe vibration resistance codes.

Abstract: A concrete pipe and methods for forming the same are presented by this invention. The pipe includes an inner and outer sleeve separated by a spacer ring which creates a void therebetween. Concrete is poured within this void to solidify the pipe structure. The spacer ring is formed by a plurality of interlocking ring forms which have nesting members to allow for the interconnection thereof. In an alternative embodiment, interlocking forms are employed to form both the inner and outer surface of the pipe. These alternative forms provide convex nesting numbers which form internal conduits between the inner and outer surfaces that accept reinforcing members or connection members to interlock the forms to one another. Concrete is then filled in these conduits and between the void of the inner and outer surfaces to solidify the pipe construction. Both embodiments may employ a plurality of elbow forms to form a bell-mouth which connects with the end of an adjacent pipe.

Abstract: A composite tubular member having an outer generally cylindrical member containing fibers oriented to resist internal and external pressure and provide low bending stiffness, and two inner areas of axial reinforcement located near the neutral axis of the composite tubular members containing fibers oriented to provide high axial stiffness, high tensile strength and low bending stiffness; and fibers oriented to resist shear stress, positioned opposite each other within the walls of the outer member. These inner areas define a minor moment of inertia of bending extending diametrically through said inner areas and a major moment of inertia of bending generally orthogonal to said minor moment of inertia. Energy conductors integral to the tubular member are arranged in a plane along the minor moment of inertia formed in the tubular member.

Abstract: Conduit liners and methods for their construction and use are provided. The liners include a first flexible layer mechanically bonded to at least one glass-containing layer and folded to form a tubular laminate. The laminate can be penetrable by resinous liquid capable of setting the form of substantially continuous matrix within the laminate following the expansion of the laminate within a conduit. In preferred versions of the liner, multiple glass layers are provided on the inner and outer diameter of the construction with a polyester core so as to meet minimum thickness requirements for vibration resistance under American in situ pipe vibration resistance codes.

Abstract: A composite tubular member having an outer generally cylindrical member containing fibers oriented to resist internal and external pressure and provide low bending stiffness, and two inner areas of axial reinforcement located near the neutral axis of the composite tubular members containing fibers oriented to provide high axial stiffness, high tensile strength and low bending stiffness; and fibers oriented to resist shear stress, positioned opposite each other within the walls of the outer member. These inner areas define a minor moment of inertia of bending extending diametrically through said inner areas and a major moment of inertia of bending generally orthogonal to said minor moment of inertia. Energy conductors integral to the tubular member are arranged in a plane along the minor moment of inertia formed in the tubular member.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube (2, 2a, 2b) is made using a hollow, impermeable, monolithic ceramic inner tube (4) and wrapping the inner tube with a circumferentially extending reinforcing material (12) impregnated with a slurry of ceramic particles, particle carrier medium and thermoset binder. The combination of the inner tube and the impregnated reinforcing material is first heated to solidify the thermoset binder. The combination is then sintered to drive off the particle carrier medium and themoset binder to create a two-layer heat exchanger tube including the inner tube and an outer tube (6).

Abstract: Conduit liners and methods for their construction and use are provided. The liners include a first flexible layer mechanically bonded to at least one glass-containing layer and folded to form a tubular laminate. The laminate can be penetrable by resinous liquid capable of setting the form of substantially continuous matrix within the laminate following the expansion of the laminate within a conduit. In preferred versions of the liner, multiple glass layers are provided on the inner and outer diameter of the construction with a polyester core so as to meet minimum thickness requirements for vibration resistance under American in situ pipe vibration resistance codes.

Abstract: A fuel additive pipe 11 comprised of a pipe main body 12 and a plating layer 13 formed on the external or interior wall surface of the pipe main body 12 and composed of an electroless plating layer 131 and an electroplating layer 132. The pipe main body 12 contains a high-density polyethylene as a base material and an additive 21 such as mica. While the pipe main body 12 is subjected to an etching treatment, the additive 21 does not dissolve in the etching solution, so that the additive 21 protrudes from the surface of the pipe main body 12. The thus protruding additive 21 serves as the starting point for forming the electroless plating layer 131 and promotes growth of the layer 131. This electroless plating layer 131 is firmly bonded with the pipe main body 12 by chemical absorption to the additive 21 from which inactive sites are removed by the etching treatment as well as by the physical absorption to the fine roughness formed by the etching treatment on the surface of the pipe main body 12.

Abstract: A linking device intended notably for the connection of rods made of a composite material based on polymerizable resin and reinforcing fibers includes a tubular sleeve tightly connected to one end of a rod by plastic deformation of the sleeve placed around said end. The device is formed by a process for fastening linking means on elongated elements made of a composite material.

Abstract: The method for preventing the propagation of cracks in plastic pipes consists substantially in that at predetermined locations of the tube sections of reduced diameter are foreseen, but to provide these sections with a view of reinstating the static strength simultaneously with a reinforcement which does not form a homogeneous compound with the material of the tube. This is made preferably by application of a correspondingly designed crack stopping element between to tube ends or by inserting such a element between same.

Abstract: A hose (24) constitutes a part of a milking machine and has an end portion (30) which is radially expanded and applied on a tubular nipple (29), the outer diameter of which exceeds the inner diameter of the hose. The milking machine includes structure for providing a negative pressure in the hose. The hose is reinforced by including at least one elongated reinforcement member (25), (26) which consists of material substantially harder than the wall of the hose and which extends along the hose in a helical cavity in the wall of the hose. In addition, the reinforcement member completely fills up the cavity and is arranged therein, such that relative movement between the reinforcement member and the wall of the hose is allowed.

Abstract: A laminated pipe for oil production offshore includes a thermoplastic inner pipe coated with a laminate of matrix material having one or more layers of reinforcing fibres. A method for production of the laminated pipe and a connection device for joining the pipes are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sleeve for protecting and reinforcing a fusion splice of two or more optical fibers. The fusion splice protector includes a heat-shrinkable sleeve adapted to surround the fusion splice and adjacent portions of the fused optical fibers, a stress-relieving support element adjacent the fusion splice, and a hot-melt adhesive contained within the sleeve for retaining the support element adjacent a longitudinal section of the sleeve. The support element is designed to impart varying elasticity along a length of the sleeve such that the fusion splice protector is more rigid at the central portion of the sleeve member than at its ends. This may advantageously be achieved by providing a support element having a cross-sectional profile which varies along the length of the sleeve. The support element is preferably constructed of a polymer or polymer blend, most preferably one having a coefficient of thermal expansion which is approximately equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the optical fibers.

Abstract: Pivotal link (1) as a connection piece between two construction parts, whereby at least one construction part is supported rotatable around its horizontal axis. The essence of the invention consists in thatthe pivotal link consists of a hose or a hose-like body made of elastomeric material, whereby an embedded strength carrier (4) is present between the hose core (2) and the hose cover (3), said carrier consisting of threads forming one or multiple layers and extending at an angle .alpha. amounting to zero degrees based on the axial direction of the pivotal link, or only insignificantly deviating from zero degrees with a crossed arrangement of the threads; and thatthe pivotal link is additionally provided with rings (7), the latter being arranged in the radial direction.

Abstract: A multi-layered plastic pipe particularly suitable for use as an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine is provided. The present pipe includes a hollow plastic core, at least one spacer member provided on the hollow plastic core and an outer layer integrally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow plastic core excepting the spacer member. The spacer member is preferably formed from a plastic material, and the outer layer is also formed from a plastic material. There is also provided a method for manufacturing a multi-layered plastic pipe using a spacer member to prevent a hollow plastic core placed in a mold cavity from being deformed when a molted plastic material is supplied into the mold cavity under pressure.

Abstract: A flexible tubular structure for use in the lining of passageways and methods relating thereto are described. The tubular structure is made of a laminate which comprises a film layer, made by melting and mixing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyethylene, and a felt layer. In a butt join region of the structure, a felt strip and polyethylene/EVA strip are heat welded for strength.

Abstract: A tubular body made of thermoplastic resin as the matrix of the body. The tubular body is formed from a woven fabric and sheet assembly including woven fabrics each having reinforcing fibers and thermoplastic fibers interwoven with the woven fabric, and a uniformly oriented or paralleled fiber sheet made of fiber bundles which include reinforcing fibers and thermoplastic resin fibers mixed with the reinforcing fibers. Since the assembly does not become sticky at the room temperature and is wound onto a core without heating process, the assembly can be formed into a desired tubular form with ease.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hollow reinforcing element for casting into composites, which in use defines passageways that may communicate to the exterior of the composite and that can serve as conduit arrays in structures formed from the composite. Benefits include superior strength to weight ratios, reduced thermal stresses, suppression of crack propagation, and improved corrosion protection. The hollow reinforcing elements may also be used to provide antennae, drain systems, leveling devices, containment structures and pneumatic levitation of vehicles.

Abstract: A pipe and method of manufacture of the pipe are described. The pipe comprises a core of helically wound steel strip embedded in a plastics material matrix and lined with inner and outer linings of filament wound fiber reinforced plastics material.

Abstract: Hoses are provided which are resistant to chemical and thermal attack and which include a polymeric liner having an integral resilient member axially located along its wall. The resilient member includes a tensile strength which is significantly greater than the polymeric material of the liner, so as to minimize the incidence of plastic deformation and kinking during manufacture, installation, and use.

Abstract: Stiffener comprising an elastic member made of elastomer which surrounds a elongate body to be stiffened, the elastic member being integrally attached to one end of a housing support.It comprises, inside the elastic material (4), a reinforcement (8) extending over a portion of the length of the elastic member (4) from the end, the reinforcement being integrally attached by fastening (7) to the housing support (2, 6).

Abstract: A composite material tube, withstanding the internal pressure, and comprising at least two layers of pressure reinforcement fibers, or pressure resistant layers, wound at an angle at least equal in absolute value to 70.degree., with respect to the center axis of the tube. The two layers both undergo radial expansion under an effect of the pressure, with one of these two layers being inside the other. A circumferential modulus of elasticity of the external layer is greater than the circumferential modulus of elasticity of the internal layer.

Abstract: Methods of producing electrically fusable sleeve connectors for connecting large diameter thermoplastic pipe sections and the sleeve connectors produced by such methods are provided. Methods of sealingly connecting adjacent ends of a pair of large diameter thermoplastic pipe sections by electric fusion are also provided. The methods of producing electrically fusable thermoplastic sleeve connectors broadly include the steps of winding a tape of molten thermoplastic material onto a large diameter core drum whereby adjacent windings are fused and upon being cooled a solid sleeve is formed, embedding an electric resistance heating wire in a surface of the sleeve while the thermoplastic material is still in the molten state and removing the sleeve after cooling with electric resistance heating wire embedded therein from the core drum.

Abstract: A process for eliminating in plastic materials odor/taste-producing substances is described, the plastic material especially having the shape of water pipes, plastic containers or plastic film/sheeting for packing foodstuffs and pharmaceutical preparations, or interior fittings of plastic. In the process, there is added, during processing in the molten state, less than 0.5 wt.-%, preferably 0.05-0.3 wt.-%, of a substantially hydrophobic aluminum silicate molecular sieve having a pore diameter of at least 5.5 .ANG., an Si/Al molar ratio in the crystal lattice of at least 35, preferably 200-500, and a sorption capacity for water at 25.degree. C. and 4.6 torr of less than 10 wt.-%, to the plastic material which subsequently is formed. The molecular sieve preferably has an average particle size not exceeding about 5 .mu.m. The plastic material is a polyolefin plastic and is preferably selected among ethylene plastics and propylene plastics.

Abstract: A multilayer plastic pipe having improved barrier action against diffusion of the substance being transported, particularly methanol-containing fuels, dimensional stability, and resistance to mechanical stress, is provided comprising:an inner layer and an outer layer, each of which comprise a polyamide-based molding composition, wherein the inner layer and outer layer may be the same or different, andat least one intermediate layer comprising a linear, crystalline polyester-based molding composition interposed between and bonding together the inner and outer layers.

Abstract: A filter support tube for use in a filter cartridge including a helical wound wire defining a cylinder and a plurality of reinforcing strips extending generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the helical wire cylinder and circumferentially spaced from one another about a perimeter of the cylinder. The multiple turns of the helical wire are embedded in the reinforcing strips and extend through it. The wire is coated with a bonding agent to permit the wire to bond to the reinforcing strips and to provide corrosion resistance. The reinforcing strips embedding the wire lock the wire in the desired helical configuration and provide the required column strength for the filter support tube.

Abstract: A heat radiating tube for an annealing furnace is disclosed. An aluminide layer and an aluminum diffusion sublayer are formed by an aluminum diffusion coating method on one side or both sides of the tube portions which are subjected during use to high temperature oxidation corrosion. Subsequently, a coating of MCrAlY is applied on selected inside portions exposed to the combustion gas flame collision in order to reinforce the bonding strength of the protective coating. A layer of ceramic is then coated thereupon. Prior to applying the MCrAlY and ceramic coatings, the tube surface to be coated is ground to a depth equal to the coating thicknesses in order to make the heights of the coated layer and the surface of the remaining portions of the tube even each other.

Abstract: A reinforced hose including at least one of a pressure-resistant reinforcement, a tensile-strength reinforcement and/or an inner carcass. At least one of the pressure-resistant reinforcement, the tensile-strength reinforcement and the inner carcass have at least one elongated element formed as one of a profile, a cable, an interlockable wire, and a strip with the at least one elongated element being composed of an aluminum-based alloy.

Abstract: A hose assembly (10) is of the type for carrying high pressure fluids therethrough. The hose assembly (10) includes a tubular member (11) and a pair of coupling members (20). The tubular member (11) includes an inner liner (12) of a fluorocarbon polymer. Yarns (15) fabricated from fibers (17), including glass fibers and aramid fibers (19), are braided together about the exterior of the inner liner (12) to form a braided layer (13). The assembly (10) further includes an outer fluorocarbon coating (14) dispersed throughout the braided layer (13) to prevent kinking or permanent deformation in the inner liner (12), in addition to preventing the crushing of the yarns (15) when the ends are crimped to receive the coupling members (20). A conductive strip (16) is formed on the inner liner (12) for dissipating electrical charges which may accumulate in the inner liner (12).

Abstract: A multiple-layered, translatedly rib-stiffened, composite hollow cylinder d method for fabrication thereof utilizing filament winding techniques known in the art. An inner skin is wound over a mandrel; then, circumferential ribs are wound over the inner skin, pin rings are placed at the axial ends of the mandrel, longitudinal stringers are engaged with the pin rings and wound over the circumferential ribs, circumferential bands are wound near the axial ends over the longitudinal stringers, and another skin is wound over the circumferential bands and longitudinal stringers; these steps, commencing with the winding of circumferential ribs and concluding with the winding of an additional skin, are repeated as many times as desired, each repetition forming an additional layer, with the circumferential ribs for each additional layer being longitudinally staggered in relation to the circumferential ribs for the previous layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pipe-shaped structural member made of fiber reinforced plastics or fiber reinforced rubber utilizing the mechanical property of the material as an anisotropic material. Since the angle of the fibers and/or direction of orientation are made partially different in the circumferential direction of the structural member, and moreover, since the part where the angle of fibers and/or direction of orientation are made partially different is at least a part in the thicknesswise direction of the circumferential part, the pipe-shaped structural member shows a peculiar style of deformation, and is applicable to a variety of industrial fields.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced rubber article has a rubber body portion with a fiber reinforcement embedded therein. The fiber reinforcement includes a plurality of tubular braided cords braided by yarns. Each of the tubular braided cords is braided by more than three yarns at a braid angle in a range between 10.degree. and 35.degree., wherein said braid angle is an angle between a yarn of the tubular braided cord and the axial line of the tubular braided cord. Each tubular braided cord also has a fistulous center hole defined by the tubular braided cord.

Abstract: A rod includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is formed by winding on a mandrel a prepreg sheet including reinforcing fibers oriented axially of the rod and having a width extending over an entire length of the rod. The outer layer is formed by winding a prepreg tape including reinforcing fibers oriented longitudinally thereof. The prepreg tape is wound a plurality of times over the prepreg sheet from a tip end region to a butt end region of the rod. Adjacent winds of the prepreg tape partly overlap each other in the tip end region, and are spaced from each other axially of the rod in the butt end region.

Abstract: Provided is a laminated tube having a logarithmic decrement of at least 0.08 and a flexural modulus of at least 1,000 kg/mm.sup.2 and comprising at least 2 layers which comprise a composite material comprising a reinforcing fiber and a matrix resin. The reinforcing fibers used include an organic fiber, e.g. wholly aromatic polyester fibers and polyvinyl alcohol fiber, for at least 1 layer of the composite material layer and an inorganic fiber, e.g. carbon fiber and glass fiber, for at least 1 layer of the composite material layer.

Abstract: A transport duct for carrying abrasive materials, such as ceramic powders. The duct comprises an outer casing and an axially extending array of alternating ceramic and polymer segments each having an interior wall defining a passageway. The transport duct is useful for transporting streams of alumina powder to an aluminum electrolysis cell and for other uses where abrasion resistance and avoidance of internal material buildup are important.

Abstract: A flexible pipe with improved thermal protection in which a fluid is liable to flow under pressure and comprising at least one tightness sheath or tube of polymeric material, at least one reinforcement therein further comprises as thermal protection, a sheath of composite material comprising cork granules and a flexible metal tube which is disposed outside said sheath of composite material. Application notably to flexible pipes for oil installations.

Abstract: Fibre-reinforced tubes made of a thermoplastics material are manufactured using a method of extruding thermoplastics material in a drawplate with a diverging end zone, the end zone of which has a diverging annular flow space which has a ratio A.sub.s /A.sub.e between the exit area and entry area of at least 1.2, and a ratio between the length 1 of the lower edge of the annular exit space of the diverging zone and the width e of the straight section of said annular space which is less than 5; the extrusion operation being carried out in the presence of a liquid lubricant which is incompatible with said thermoplastics material at extrusion temperatures, said lubricant being present at the level of the external wall and at the level of the internal wall of said flow space. Tubes which are manufactured by way of this method are particularly resistant to a high degree of bursting and have an improved surface quality.

Abstract: A multiple layer wraparound sleeve having a heat shrinkable backing layer and at least one functional layer has the functional layer as a discrete sheet which is connected to one end of the backing layer, and is of at least sufficient length that, when the sleeve is wrapped around the pipe or other substrate at least twice, the functional layer sheet wraps around the substrate first with its ends overlapping and the backing layer wraps around the functional layer sheet with its ends overlapping. This allows wrappings of reduced thickness to be employed without problems of voids occurring between the functional layer and the substrate.

Abstract: A composite plastic duct structure comprised of an outer layer of fabric material impregnated with a fire-resistant resin material and an inner liner layer of chemically corrosion resistant resin material impregnated with a fabric material. The invention includes a method wherein multiple wrappings of resin impregnated material are wound on a mandrel to form the inner and outer layers.

Abstract: A composite tubular member having an outer cylindrical member containing fibers oriented to resist internal pressure while providing low bending stiffness, an inner smaller centrally located core member located near the neutral axis of the composite tubular member and containing fibers oriented to provide high axial stiffness, high tensile strength and low bending stiffness. One or more web members contain fibers oriented to resist shear stress, and connect the outer cylindrical member and the inner core member to form at least two separate cells within the composite tubular member. The web member forms a major and minor moment of inertia within the tubular member to create a preferred bending direction. Conductors are formed integral to the connecting web member for transmitting energy signals through the tubular member.

Abstract: An armoured flexible pipe having one or more of the following components, a pressure resistant armouring, a traction resistant armouring and/or an internal carcase, in which pipe at least one of said components comprises one or more elongated elements such as a shaped piece, a cable, a wire or a strip. The element is formed of a composite material with aluminium alloy matrix comprising reinforcement elements such as particles and/or whiskers.

Abstract: A centrifugally cast plastic pipe comprised of a polymer derived from monomers polymerized in bulk is provided. A pressurized cylindrical mold provides smooth inner and outer surfaces. Pipes with a wall thickness of from 1/8 inch to 3 inches and an outer diameter of 1 inch to 12 feet are provided.

Abstract: A tubular structure, such as a pipe or pressure vessel, is provided with a wall formed from plastic, composites and elastomeric materials. The composite materials are spirally wound and are separated by elastomeric strips. The wall has an inner wall element formed by a continuous flexible plastic cylinder with a spiral projection on its outer surface. An outer layer is formed from alternating spirally wound strips of composite and elastomer. The composite strip has a radially inward projection axially spaced from the projection on the plastic cylinder but overlapping in the radial direction. The cylinder and layer are separated by an intermediate layer formed from composites and elastomeric strips. A composite strip is located between each pair of adjacent projections and separated from the projections by an elastomeric strip. An outer wall element is formed from alternating spirally wound composite and elastomeric strips having pitch greater than the inner wall element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pipe-shaped structural member made of fiber reinforced plastics or fiber reinforced rubber utilizing the mechanical property of the material as an anisotropic material. Since the angle of the fibers and/or direction of orientation are made partially different in the circumferential direction of the structural member, and moreover, since part where the angle of fibers and/or direction of orientation are made partially different is at least a part in the thicknesswise direction of the circumferential part, the pipe-shaped structural member shows a peculiar style of deformation, and is applicable to a variety of industrial fields.

Abstract: A new auxiliary injection tube concept is disclosed for injecting a fluid containing corrosion and/or deposit inhibiting agents into a well from the surface, without stopping working. The auxiliary injection tube includes a tube 10 conveying the injected agents. The tube is coated with a material 11 which is inert with respect to to the fluid collected by the well. Support cables 12, disposed about the tube 10 and also coated with material 11, provide both secondary protection of the tube 10 in the case of damage to coating 11 and the mechanical characteristics required for the injection tube, particularly during withdrawal from the well.

Abstract: A centrifugally cast plastic pipe comprised of a polymer derived from monomers polymerized in bulk is provided. A pressurized cylindrical mold provides smooth inner and outer surfaces. Pipes with a wall thickness of from 1/8 inch to 3 inches and an outer diameter of 1 inch to 12 feet are provided.