Abstract: To enhance the tear strength without increasing the thickness, a woven glass cloth having a mass of 15 to 30 g/m.sup.2, for use as a base material for printed wiring board material, is characterized in that the weft or warp is provided by a 75 denier or more strand, thicker than the warp, and thread count of the thicker strand per unit length is set smaller than that of the other strand.

Abstract: A description is provided of laminates for printed circuits using unidirectional glass fabric produced with continuous yarn which is twisted, has a low number of twists or zero twisting turns with different gramme weights, interlaced warpwise with a leno interwoven binding using glass yarns of 5.5 to 22 Tex at a spacing of up to 20 cm. The application of these laminates to the manufacture of printed circuits offers advantages in terms of surface roughness and waviness, dimensional stability, evenness and perforability.

Abstract: A unidirectional fabric produced with a continuous glass yarn which is twisted, plied or has zero twisting turns, with different gram weights. Interlacings of thin glass binding yarns for stabilizing the fabric extend warpwise to engage weft yarns in a leno interweaving. The fabric is used in the manufacture of printed circuits and in industrial applications.

Abstract: A woven fabric to be used in formation of a composite material includes multifilament warp and weft threads. Each of the warp threads and the weft threads have a total weight less than 80% of the weight of the fabric. The woven warp and weft threads have 0 twist/m and a torsion no greater than an original torsion of the threads before weaving. Each woven warp and weft thread has a width over the entire length thereof that is greater than or equal to an original width before weaving. The fabric is woven to have a given weight per unit area and a fiber volume ratio that is approximately constant throughout the fabric and that is satisfactory for use of the fabric in a composite material. The warp and weft threads of a yarn count that is greater than a yarn count traditionally used to achieve the fiber volume ratio for the given weight per unit area.

Abstract: A woven fabric of warp yarn and fill yarn uses a strand of individual filaments for the fill yarn, where the strand has a primary cross-sectional shape and periodic flat spots with a flat cross-sectional shape which is more elongated than the primary cross-sectional shape, where the effect of the flat spots is differentiated fill yarn in the woven fabric.

Abstract: A fiberglass mesh process includes coating fiberglass yarn, conveying the coated yarn to a loom without first beaming the yarn, weaving a mesh fabric of said yarn, conveying the mesh fabric to an in-line fabric treating station from said loom, tentering the fabric, slitting the fabric and rolling the fabric. The tentering step includes conveying the fabric through a nip of heated, counter-rotating rollers or heated bars oscillating across the moving fabric.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass fabric produced with zero-wist yarn, its use an the manufacture of printed circuits and in numerous other industrial applications, as well as to a process for the manufacture thereof.

Abstract: The described process for making a continuous composite material structure (50) starts from a continuous semifinished product (1) made of a reinforcing fiber comprising an upper layer (4) and a lower layer (5) facing each other and mutually connected by intermediate threads (6). It comprises the steps of moving the continuous semifinished product (1) along a working path; impregnating the semifinished product (1) with a resin; coupling a lower surface of the continuous semifinished product (1) with a first ribbon (23); moving one of said layers (4, 5) apart from the opposite layer for bringing the intermediate threads (6) from a first condition in which they are disposed substantially parallel to the two external layers (4, 5) to a second condition in which they are disposed transversally of the external layers; and polymerizing the impregnated semifinished product (1) to make the continuous structure (50).

Abstract: A reinforcement system for mastic intumescent fire protection coatings. Free floating hybrid mesh embedded in the coating is used to reinforce the coating. The hybrid mesh is made from a combination of high temperature and low temperature yarns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structural part (1) consisting of a cured resinified spaced-layer fabric of industrial fibers such as glass fiber, aramid fiber, ceramic fiber or the like, having a first layer (2) and a second layer (3) which are liquid-tight and are spaced from each other by cross-pieces (11). In order to obtain a structural part which is suitable, in particular, also in connection with containers for easily inflammable and explosion-endangered substances such as for instance gasoline, the invention proposes that conductive threads (4, 5) which are incorporated in the spaced-layer fabric extend alternately between the layers (2, 3).

Abstract: A woven material is described in which optical fibers are positioned and held in the material in a manner to maximize their optical efficiency. The material consists of fibers extending in both the warp and woof direction, the optical fibers are positioned in channels between the supporting fibers in the warp direction. The material is manufactured using conventional weaving equipment by positioning both the optical fibers and the warp fibers, and then weaving the woof fibers into place without bending the optical fibers. The fibers are thusly woven so that the optical fibers have zero warp. The woven grid-like mat can be coated with a protective material that either enables it to form a flexible sheet of ribbon or a rigid, hard, grid-like mat which has aligned zero warp optical fibers embedded therein. The material shown can be used to provide sensing, imaging or communications. It can be utilized for optical backplanes for optoelectronic systems or a housing for optoelectronic components.

Abstract: A structure based on velour fabric, having at least a first layer and a second layer and intermediate ribs connecting these layers provides a production-efficient, stable and nevertheless light-weight product. The velour fabric is made of a commercial yarn such as aramid fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber or in particular glass fiber. The velour fabric is resin-hardened, wherein the intermediate ribs for rigid spacing elements between the first layer and the second layer.

Abstract: A fabric for filtering particulate matter from a stream of hot gases, e.g., from a diesel engine, has an unknotted weave of flexible, incompressible, uncrimped, spaced support yarns and flexible, lofty, fully crimped, fill yarns. During the weaving process, the fill yarns are pulled tightly against the support yarns so that they do not slip or shift. For greater assurance of good filtering, a filter employs multiple layers of the fabric, with the support yarns of each layer extending orthogonally to those of adjacent layers. For uses involving prolonged exposure to high temperature, both the support yarns and fill yarns can be continuous-filament ceramic yarns such as alumina-boria-silica yarns. For lower temperatures, the yarns can be primarily glass.

Abstract: A multiply fabric which has a center portion and lateral marginal portions, the warp threads in the center portion being carbon fibers or glass fibers and the warp threads in the lateral marginal portions being made of a robust material having a high tensile strength, the fabric including at least 20 weft threads per cm of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads in a single shed in the center portion.

Abstract: Fiber composites produced by impregnating a woven fabric in which parallel reinforcing fibers are held together by thermoplastic filament yarns in an impregnating bath containing from 0 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic and from 100 to 0% by weight of a solvent for the thermoplastic, evaporating the solvent, and making up are useful for producing finished parts for the automatic sector and for the aerospace industy.

Abstract: Feathered edges of fiberglass fabrics woven on a shuttleless or airjet loom are secured and prevented from ravelling by a glass yarn coated with a hot melt composition. The coated yarn is woven along the longitudinal edges of the fabric, typically in a leno weave, then heated to thermobond the adjacent glass fibers with the hot melt composition at their crossover points. A procedure for applying a hot melt to a yarn through a heated die is used.

Abstract: A sleeve suitable for making a cable splice case comprises a matrix material and a recoverable fabric by virtue of which the sleeve is recoverable. The sleeve comprises recoverable weft fibres in bundles of 2-6 running circumferentially, and longitudinal heat-stable warp fibres.

Abstract: A stretchable grounding strap for additional reliability in grounding the wearer's body through the use of two or more separate sections of conductive material, each of which is connected to ground by a separate grounding line. Circuitry utilized in connection with the strap senses loss of electrical contact between the strap and ground and provides visual and aural notification that contact is lost, as well as visual notification when the strap is grounded. According to one group of embodiments, the strap utilizes a stretchable material having two or more sections of longitudinally oriented electrically conductive fibers on its inner surface. Face yarns on its outer surface may form letters, words, logos or other pleasing or commercially attractive designs. Elastic yarns allow the material to stretch easily and comfortably. According to another group of embodiments, the strap comprises at least two sections of metal links.

Abstract: A woven multilayered textile fabric and attendant method wherein a plurality of layers of the fabric are formed of straight yarns, including at least one layer formed of warp yarns and respective layers formed of filling yarns positioned in superposed relation on opposite sides of the layer of warp yarns and extending at right angles to the warp yarns, and binder warp yarns arranged in cooperating pairs with one binder yarn of each pair extending over certain superposed filling yarns and under certain other superposed filling yarns, and the other binder yarn of each pair being woven oppositely under said certain superposed filling yarns and over said certain other superposed filling yarns.

Abstract: Woven glass cloth and method of its manufacture suitable for use as a resin-impregnated substrate for printed circuits in which the major dimension or transverse axis of the elliptical warp yarns exceeds a predetermined fraction of that dimension of the fill yarns of the woven cloth. Multi-filament warp yarns are typically subjected to tensile stress during weaving and firing such that the yarn compaction prevents the thorough impregnation by a resin. The result is that voids are maintained along the innermost filaments of the yarn. These voids, when filled with materials other than resin, such as plating solution, ultimately produce circuit failures.

Abstract: A woven fabric is generally comprised of metallic warp cords and non-metallic weft cords. The weft cords are comprised of a plurality of glass filaments encapsulated in a resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex adhesive.

Abstract: Multilayer laminates and substrates for carriers of silicon chips which are used in circuitry boards will comprise woven hybrid glass cloth formed from fiberglass and a second material which possesses a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than about 5.0.times.10.sup.-6 in/in/.degree.C. The resulting laminates will be thermally and dimensionally stable. As an example, a hybrid glass cloth may be formed in which the warp yarn of said cloth is fiberglass and the fill yarn is boron nitride. The resulting cloth may be used to form laminates which possess a coefficient of thermal expansion similar in nature to that of a chip carrier such as ceramic, thus minimizing the danger of a solder fracture.

Abstract: Woven hybrid glass cloths which may be utilized as chip carrier substrates and as inner layers in multi-layer laminate circuit boards which will be stable due to a desired co-efficient of thermal expansion may be prepared by weaving fiberglass with a second material which possesses a co-efficient of thermal expansion of less than 5.0.times.10.sup.-6 inch/inch/.degree.C. The mixture of fiberglass in this material may be used as a warp and a fill yarn. The thus woven cloth will possess a dimensional stability suitable for use in preparing multi-layer materials and for use in direct mounting ceramic chip carriers to this chip carrier substrate. Examples of materials which possess a co-efficient of thermal expansion of less than the desired number will include nylon filaments, ceramics, boron nitrite filaments, etc.

Abstract: A woven fabric comprising glass fibers cushioned from each other by organic fibers in the warp direction, the sinuosity of the glass fibers being less than or equal to the sinuosity of the organic fibers for a given length of woven fabric, and organic fibers in the fill direction has an extremely low degree of stretchability in the warp direction and exhibits high strength under tension in the warp direction. Abrasive belts comprising the woven fabric coated with an adhesive containing abrasive particles exhibit close to zero elongation, have long lives and can be repeatedly used for debarking logs.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a multiple-plane fabric having at least a base plane, a top plane and an intermediate plane positioned between the base plane and the top plane. The base plane is defined by a first plurality of cross machine direction yarns; the top plane is defined by a second plurality of cross machine direction yarns; and the intermediate plane is defined by a third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In one embodiment encapsulated stuffer yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In another embodiment, encapsulated filling yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A dryer felt having a soft, bulky top surface and comprising at least a top surface, which is defined by a plurality of machine direction yarns and a plurality of cross machine direction yarns interwoven according to a desired weave pattern. A preselected number of the yarns of the top surface are encapsulated yarns, the number being chosen to ensure that a major portion of the top surface is soft and bulky.

Abstract: A fabric sleeve having lengthwise yarns of a low friction material and circumferential threads of a bondable material is secured on a mandrel utilizing in particular the heat shrinkage of the circumferential threads but also the axial shrinkage of the low friction material. After cooling, the sleeve is impregnated with a liquid resin and may be stored for future use utilizing the ends of the mandrel for support and handling. When required, the resin is cured to form a rigid tube. The tube has an internal bearing surface a predetermined size larger than the mandrel and may be readily withdrawn from the tube and then cut to selected lengths to comprise the desired bearings.

Abstract: An improved reinforced flexible printed wiring board is disclosed. The reinforcement in this printed wiring board is composed of a fabric woven from a yarn of plied continuous filaments of polyester and glass. The fabric is impregnated with an appropriate resin which is subsequently cured. This printed wiring board is found to have improved mechanical and thermal characteristics with little degradation in electrical properties.

Abstract: A sizing composition for textile glass fibers comprising a starch, a textile softener, a lubricant and 100 to 150 percent by weight of combined nonionic wetting agents based upon the weight of said lubricant. The glass fibers sized in accordance with this sizing composition has found utility in forming untwisted yarns which are to be subsequently used for the weft of a textile glass fabric.

Abstract: A woven fabric shade screen comprising substantially even spaced elongated strands in one direction, such as the fill direction, and groups of more closely spaced strands woven so that the two outside strands alternate respectively being over and under successive fill strands while the inside four strands in each group are arranged so that the third and fifth strands are under a fill wire while the second and fourth strands are over, thus providing alternate strands which alternate each fill strand.