Abstract: Apparatus and method to prevent fuel spillage from a fuel tank vent used with a boat mounted fuel tank having a filler tube leading thereto from a fuel filler fitting mounted to a surface of the boat and a vent line leading from the fuel tank to a vent extending through the hull of the boat. A member having a hollow interior and a removable closure member is mounted substantially flush with a surface of the boat and in close proximity to the fuel filler fitting. The member has a fitting in the interior thereof which is connected to a first section of vent tube leading from the fuel tank. The interior of the member is also connected to a second section of vent tube that leads to the vent extending through the hull of the boat. When the closure is on the member, the interior of the fuel tank is in communication with the vent. When the boat is to be fueled, the cap is removed from the member and a fuel overflow container is connected to the fitting.

Abstract: A container for use in a processing chamber to lessen the amount of contaminant particles found within the chamber after processing. The container fits closely within the chamber and includes ports for a gas conduit and a vacuum conduit. The container may be locked to the chamber through a locking mechanism and a recess in the container. The container may be guided into the chamber with a plurality of chamfers. The container may be used in inductively coupled plasma chambers, electron cyclotron resonance chambers, and chambers capable of receiving microwaves.

Abstract: A valveless fuel tank assembly for a vehicle including a fuel tank having an interior chamber to hold fuel therein. The valveless fuel tank assembly also includes a vapor canister to adsorb fuel vapor in the fuel tank. The valveless fuel tank assembly includes a fill-limit tube connected to the fuel tank and communicating with the interior chamber and a tank vent tube connected to the vapor canister and operatively connected to the fill-limit tube. The valveless fuel tank assembly further includes an oleophobic filter connected to the fill-limit tube to allow vapor fuel to communicate with the vapor canister and to prevent liquid fuel from communicating with the vapor canister.

Abstract: A pipe is connected to a panel of a plasma display panel. Non-porization type getters are arranged in the pipe. The panel, getters, and a portion of the pipe located between the panel and the gatters are heated. The inner space of the heated panel is evacuated through the heated pipe. After evacuation, the heating is stopped and the panel is cooled. A discharge gas is introduced into the panel through the pipe. The impurity gases contained in the discharge gas are absorbed and removed by the activated getters which is actavated by the heat. During the evacuation, impurity gases are not absorbed in the inner wall of the heated portion of the pipe. Therefore, no impurity gases are mixed to the discharge gas whose impurity gases are absorbed by the getters. Therefore, no impurity gases are introduced into the panel. After the panel is filled with the discharge gas, the pipe is cut and sealed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for packaging whole or partially processed bulk, fresh products under modified atmosphere including placing such produce into bags or other containers for the produce, attaching to the opening at the top of each of the bags or containers a tube having an openable and closable lid, placing the bags or other containers with the tubes attached thereto inside a vacuum chamber, withdrawing air from the vacuum chamber from the bags or other containers until the oxygen concentration in the bags or other containers has reached a desired level, refilling the bags or other containers with one or more gases other than air while restoring the pressure inside the vacuum chamber and outside the bags or other containers at rates sufficient to minimize crushing or bruising of produce in the bags or other containers as the pressure in the vacuum chamber rises from the reduced level to a desired, ambient level.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for replacing air with an insulating gas during manufacture of an insulated glass article having two parallel panes and a peripheral spacer between the panes. The apparatus includes an upright first platen, a second platen confronting the first platen, a mechanism for moving at least one of the platens toward and away from the other platen, and a peripheral resilient seal positioned to define a sealed enclosure between the platens. The apparatus may further include a conveyer for conveying a partially assembled insulating glass article between the platens, an exhaust mechanism for drawing gas from the enclosure, and an intake mechanism for introducing insulating gas to the enclosure. One method of the invention involves filling such an insulated glass article and measuring the thickness of the article to detect bulging or cupping.

Abstract: A tire inflation apparatus and method involves first evacuating a seated pneumatic tire using a vacuum pump and then inflating the tire with a dried inert gas under pressure without allowing any ambient air to reenter the evacuated tire. The apparatus includes a three way valve which is connected by a first conduit to a tank of pressurized inert gas and by a second conduit to the vacuum pump. A hose having a tire valve chuck connected to a distal end is connected at the opposite end from the chuck to the three way valve. The three way valve selectively and alternatively flow connects the hose to the tank of pressurized gas or the vacuum pump through the first or second conduits respectively. The hose is initially connected to the vacuum pump to evacuate the tire, and then to the tank of pressurized gas to inflate the tire. A heater on the first conduit heats the cooled gas exiting the tank to raise the temperature of the pressurized gas delivered to the tire at least to the ambient temperature.

Abstract: A pressurized package of paint additives is prepared by mixing water, emulsion, stabilizers and a propellant in a pressurizable container. This pressurized container is then sold to retail stores where a water borne paint composition is injected into the pressurized container and sold directly to the end user.

Abstract: A gas recovery and reuse/recycle method is disclosed which can readily and economically recover valuable and/or environmentally hazardous gases from a manufacturing or chemical process and then return the gas to the process for reuse, and repeat this many times without significant contamination or degradation of the gas or the produced products. All gas transport, compression and storage equipment is designed and maintained so that it is non-contaminating to the process gas. Commonly the process gas will be a Group VIII gas, preferably He, Ne, Kr or Xe, or a gas which comprises a hazard to the ambient environment or beings therein, such as a carbon oxide gas, a halocarbon gas, an acid-precursor gas, a biologically hazardous gas, or a radioactive gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transferring comminuted product from an unpressurized storage unit to a tank, especially a trailer-mounted tank. According to this method, an inert gas source is provided, preferably mounted on the trailer, and a conduit is provided to carry the product, which conduit is connected between the storage unit and the tank. The tank and conduit are evacuated so as to create a pressure differential between the storage unit and the tank, and the inert gas is allowed to flow into the evacuated tank in response to the partial vacuum therein. The product is then allowed to flow through the conduit to the tank in response to the partial vacuum therein. An improved trailer for receiving comminuted product according to a practice of the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for evacuating the inside of a vacuum vessel before a processing gas is introduced into the vacuum vessel. The process includes steps of evacuating the inside of the vacuum vessel through a by-pass evacuation path such that a pressure reduction rate of the pressure inside the vacuum vessel is gradually reduced immediately after the start of evacuation, and opening an evacuation conductance control valve, provided in a principal evacuation path, during or after the evacuation step such that conductance of the evacuation conductance control valve is gradually increased with an elapse of evacuation time. The timing at which the evacuation conductance control valve is started to be opened is controlled so that a pressure reduction rate curve of the pressure inside the vacuum vessel has a minimum value and a maximum value. The minimum value becomes 0.

Abstract: A method for inerting a generator in a power station includes flushing the generator in a rapid manner which is favorable in terms of power consumption and is simplified in terms of process technology. Cooling gas which is present in the working state for cooling in the generator is displaced through the use of an inert gas stored in gaseous form, in particular argon. A phase transition from, for example, a liquid to a gaseous inert gas, which prolongs the inerting operation and consumes large amounts of power, can thus be dispensed with. The supply of inert gas can easily be monitored by pressure measurement.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing insulating glass units is disclosed that comprises delivering a succession of high temperature insulating glass units from an oven and a press, moving successive IGUs along a travel path with the major surfaces of each IGU extending substantially parallel to the major surfaces of adjacent IGUs, establishing an IGU cooling station on the travel path, moving the IGUs into heat exchange relationship with a fluent cooling medium at the cooling station to reduce the IGU temperature, and thereafter closing and sealing a vent opening of each IGU. Successive IGUs are moved along the travel path with their major surfaces disposed in substantially vertical planes and successive IGUs disposed in closely spaced relation. The cooling station comprises at least a blower for directing cooling medium onto IGUs moving through the cooling station. The blower directs cooling medium onto the IGUs in a direction parallel to the major surfaces.

Abstract: A bubbler container assembly particularly adapted for use in vapor generating systems comprising a main outer vessel, an inner bubbler vessel, a carrier gas inlet and a vapor outlet such that the inner bubbler vessel is contained within the main outer vessel and the bubbler container assembly is constructed so as to self-meter an incoming supply of vaporizable liquid during the introduction of a carrier gas and extraction of resulting vapor. Preferably, the system further provides for magnetic induced centering and positioning of the inner buoyant bubbler vessel, fluid temperature sensing and control, connection of a fluid makeup supply, carrier gas inlet supply, and vapor extraction outlet.

Abstract: A charging device and method for injecting a non-volatile liquid such as oil or stop-leak into a refrigeration system through a service port, uses a hollow pressure container partly filled with the liquid using system refrigerant as the pressurizing gas. The container has a fitting with a Schrader valve that opens when the fitting is coupled to the service port. The liquid is injected by gas pressure created in the container after coupling. The container may inject the liquid through either the high-side service port or the low-side service port.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for changing oil and measuring oil consumption in an internal combustion engine having an internal oil lubrication distribution passage system with an oil filter and oil reservoir which includes the steps of connecting an external, separable apparatus to the internal oil lubrication distribution system at a first point upstream of the oil filter and at a second point in fluid communication with the oil reservoir; removing spent oil from the oil reservoir and measuring the amount removed; introducing a measured amount of fresh oil appropriate for the internal combustion engine into the oil reservoir; and calculating the difference between the amount of fresh oil introduced to and the spent oil removed from the oil reservoir.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for changing oil and measuring oil consumption in an internal combustion engine having an internal oil lubrication distribution passage system with an oil filter and oil reservoir which includes the steps of connecting an external, separable apparatus to the internal oil lubrication distribution system at a first point upstream of the oil filter and at a second point in fluid communication with the oil reservoir; removing spent oil from the oil reservoir and measuring the amount removed; introducing a measured amount of fresh oil appropriate for the internal combustion engine into the oil reservoir; and calculating the difference between the amount of fresh oil introduced to and the spent oil removed from the oil reservoir.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly deflating a chamber. The apparatus for rapidly inflating an inflatable chamber of determined inflation volume with an inflation fluid comprises an inflation device for inflating said inflatable chamber with an inflation fluid to a predetermined inflation pressure, and further comprises a rapid deflation device for rapidly deflating said chamber by sucking out said inflation fluid at a high flow rate, the rapid deflation device being used on deactivating said chamber, in particular so as to transport it with its volume being reduced to as small as possible.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing puncture sealing compositions from a tire, characterized by allowing air pressure to flow out of the tire via the valve, removing the tire valve, introducing a hose into the tire through the valve bore until the introduced hose end dips deeply into the sealing preparation contained in the tire and generating a pressure differential so that the sealing preparation is removed through the hose.

Abstract: An internal space of a closed container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a deformable partition member. The first chamber is provided as a chamber for reserving a liquid crystal and connected to an object through a first port of the closed container. The second chamber receives a pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid supply source through a second port of the closed container. The liquid crystal within the first chamber is pressurized through the partition member by a pressurized fluid which is introduced into the second chamber and the liquid crystal is delivered to the object.

Abstract: A photoresist storage and supply device. The device includes a control unit for generating a number of on/off signals. A number of gas supply valves are open to let gas pass according to the on/off signals. A number of photoresist solution storage vessels store photoresist solution and receive the gas from a corresponding gas supply valve. A buffer vessel receives the photoresist solution, under pressure of the gas, from a selected photoresist solution storage vessel. A liquid level sensor mounted on the buffer vessel detects the solution level in the buffer vessel and generates a control signal when the photoresist solution level in the buffer vessel is below a certain threshold. A gas exhaust valve is coupled to the control unit, and expels gas from inside the buffer vessel according to an on/off signal.

Abstract: An internal space of a container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition member. The first chamber is provided as chamber for reserving a liquid crystal and connected to an object through a first port of the container. The second chamber receives a pressurized fluid from a pressurized fluid supply source through a second port of the closed container. The liquid crystal within the first chamber is pressurized through the partition member by a pressurized fluid which is introduced into the second chamber and the liquid crystal is delivered to the object.

Abstract: An injector for moving an insulating gas into the sealed air space of a multi-sheet insulating unit includes a tube e.g. inner tube mounted within an outer tube and spaced from the inner walls of the outer tube to provide an exhaust passage. The outer tube is mounted on the middle leg by a C-clamp. Insulating air is moved through the inner tube into the sealed air space to displace the gas therein which displaced gas moves through the exhaust passageway.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for assembling a small number of custom sealed double glazing units in which spacers can have different widths and panes of different assemblies can be differently sized. In accordance with one method of the invention, a spacer having sealant on opposing surfaces thereof is adhered to a first glass pane and a resilient member is positioned alongside a portion of the spacer. A second glass pane is positioned over the spacer so that it is partially adhered to the spacer to define an interpane space around which the spacer is adhered, but with the resilient member preventing contact with the whole of the spacer, so maintaining a gap between a portion of the spacer and the second glass pane. The resulting assembly is moved into a gas exchange chamber, and air is removed from the chamber and accordingly also the interpane space.

Abstract: An automatic method and device for filling, with gases other than air, insulating glazing units. The method entailing a step for injecting the gas and expelling the air so as to produce a laminar flow through a manifold constituted by the hollow region of the profile that forms the spacer frame. The method and the device allow a considerable saving in costs, reducing the amount of gas required for filling to an amount very close to the volume of the inner space provided in the insulating glazing unit.

Abstract: A method of winterizing a seasonal dwelling. The method involves replacement of water in a piping system within the dwelling with a winterizing fluid. The water inlet of the piping system of the dwelling is connected to a fluid outlet valve of a portable fluid tank. The portable fluid tank has the fluid outlet valve at a first end and a gas inlet located at a second end opposed to the first end. The portable fluid tank has the gas inlet connected to a valved source of air under pressure. Water outlets are opened within the dwelling and air is passed through the piping system. Subsequently, winterizing fluid is added to the fluid tank and then forced into the piping system. The method permits winterizing of a dwelling in a simple, rapid manner.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for filling insulating glass panes (10) with filler gas comprises two plates (1 and 2) and an endless conveyor belt (9) provided at the lower rim of the plates (1 and 2), on which the insulating glass pane (10) stands with its lower, open edge. Sealing devices (30 and 31) that can be brought into contact with the vertical edges of the insulating glass pane (10) are provided between the plates (1 and 2) in order to seal the interior of the insulating glass pane (10). The sealing device (30)is associated with a connection (50) for feeding filler gas into the interior of the insulating glass pane (10). Air and air-gas mixtures can be removed from the insulating glass pane (10) via a channel formed between the other vertical edge of the insulating glass pane (10) and a sealing device (31) applied at that location, whereby air or air-gas mixture can flow out over the entire height of the open, vertical rim of the insulating glass pane (10) from the interior of the latter.

Abstract: The tubular tool for use in effecting a gas exchange in multiplate insulating glass units provided with a sealant spacer has a sharpened end (1) like a plug drill and is provided with a handle portion (2) at the other end. The handle portion (2) has a port (3) for connection to a device which exchanges gas in a space between glass plates of the insulating glass unit. The wall of the tubular tool (20) is provided with throughgoing openings (4) in a portion between the sharpened end (1) and the handle portion (2). The tubular tool also can have a portion without throughgoing openings having a length approximately equal to a thickness of the sealant spacers both at the sharpened end and at the handle portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drawing and measuring an amount of liquid agrichemical and dispensing the measured amount of agrichemical for mixture with water and eventual application onto a field. The agrichemical is drawn into a measuring vessel by suction pressure, created in one embodiment by an air compressor and valving system, and in another embodiment by a valve-pump in conjunction with a 3-way valve. The agrichemical is then dispensed from the measuring vessel either by positive pressure created by the same air compressor/valving system, or by suction pressure created by valve-pump/3-way valve. The valve-pump provides both a mixing chamber for the agrichemical and water prior to tank storage for eventual application, and controllable suction pressure for drawing the agrichemical out of the measuring vessel for mixing. The valve-pump is also self-cleaning thereby reducing the possibility of cross-contamination.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for filling insulating glass panes (10) with filler gas comprises two plates (1 and 2) and an endless conveyor belt (9) provided at the lower rim of the plates (1 and 2), on which the insulating glass pane (10) stands with its lower, open edge. Sealing devices (30 and 31) that can be brought into contact with the vertical edges of the insulating glass pane (10) are provided between the plates (1 and 2) in order to seal the interior of the insulating glass pane (10). The sealing device (30) is associated with a connection (50) for feeding filler gas into the interior of the insulating glass pane (10). Air and air-gas mixtures can be removed from the insulating glass pane (10) via a channel formed between the other vertical edge of the insulating glass pane (10) and a sealing device (31) applied at that location, whereby air or air-gas mixture can flow out over the entire height of the open, vertical rim of the insulating glass pane (10) from the interior of the latter.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for operating the apparatus is disclosed for transferring reclaimed refrigerant from multiple recovery cylinders to a larger shipping cylinder using a vapor compressor and four-way valve to first transfer liquid refrigerant and then vapor to the shipping cylinder. This system includes flexible hoses for liquid and vapor transfer and employs valves near the couplings for connections of the hoses to the cylinders. Operating methods then permit transfer from successive cylinders to the shipping cylinders and change-outs in the shipping cylinders without loss of significant refrigerant to the atmosphere, and without inclusion of air into the refrigerant in the shipping cylinder.

Abstract: Beverages, in particular wine, are preserved by forming an atmosphere within the container, above the liquid level, which will help to preserve the qualities of the beverage. In the case of still beverages, a subatmospheric pressure will be produced by placing a non-return valve in the mouth of the container and then evacuating air from the container. In the case of sparkling beverages, a superatmospheric pressure is produced instead. The pressure inside the container is produced by a motor driven pump and is controlled so that when a predetermined pressure level is reached, the pump stops pumping and the container is sealed.

Abstract: A gas feed arrangement for supplying gas into bags in a packaging machine is disclosed. A belt-like film is tubulated by a tube former and, as articles to be packaged are supplied into the tubulated film, both the tubulated film and the articles are transported while being held between a pair of tension conveyors. Double pipes, each consisting of an outer evacuation pipe and an inner gas jet pipe, are inserted into the tubulated film. The locations for evacuation and gas blow by the inner and outer pipes within the film are spaced from each other a distance corresponding to a length of more than one article. Cushion blocks provided in multiplicities on a pair of tension belts exert pressure against the film from opposite sides thereby to eliminate any superfluous space within the film and, at same time, to isolate adjacent articles from each other. Thus, the oxygen present in each bag is efficiently displaced by inert gas fed into the bag, and the required inert gas consumption can be minimized.

Abstract: Dry etching apparatus composed of any of metal, silica, ceramic or combination thereof with a processing chamber in which substrates are placed and a diluted anhydrous hydrogen fluoride gas generator, the processing chamber being connected to the diluted anhydrous hydrogen fluoride gas generator through a pipe line of stainless steel or nickel. There is also disclosed a dry-etching method with the dry-etching apparatus, and a diluted anhydrous hydrogen gas generator used in the dry-etching apparatus and dry-etching method.

Abstract: A fluid flow control for use with a process chamber. In the disclosed embodiment, the process chamber is for ion implantation of a workpiece and the fluid flow control is to assure the flow rates are maintained at values which are efficient in evacuating and pressurizing the chamber but are not high enough to dislodge particulate contaminate from the process chamber walls. In the disclosed design, the invention has utility both in instances in which wafers are directly inserted into the process chamber for ion implantation and in which the wafers are inserted into the chamber by use of a load-lock which avoids the requirement that the process chamber be cyclicly pressurized and depressurized.

Abstract: A device provided for filling a treatment chamber (1) with a compressed gas and for evacuating gas present in the treatment chamber and storing the same includes a gas storage tank (2) that has a rigid tank (3) and an elastic tank (4) inside it, a first pipe (5) with a first valve (6) coupling the elastic tank to the chamber, a second pipe (11) coupling the elastic tank to the treatment chamber (1) through a pumping means (12), and compressed air inlet (9) for filling with compressed air a space (7) between the elastic tank (4) and the rigid tank (3), and a second valve (13) allowing space (7) to be vented.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for aseptically filling containers with product, such as the bags (B) of bag-in-box containers, wherein the aseptic filling chamber (9 or 40) with a filling head or nozzle (5 or 43) therein is provided with fluid inlet and outlet lines (2,4,6,8,19,21,39 or 57,59,63) to create desired positive or negative atmospheric conditions within the chamber, so that a positive pressure can be maintained within the chamber when change over, at an aperture in the chamber, of a bag to be filled occurs, and so that after filling, a negative pressure (through line 15 or 63) can be generated to evacuate the chamber and hence remove any headspace gas from the top of the filled container prior to it being capped.

Abstract: A fluid flow control for use with a process chamber. In the disclosed embodiment, the process chamber is for ion implantation of a workpiece and the fluid flow control is to assure the flow rates are maintained at values which are efficient in evacuating and pressurizing the chamber but are not high enough to dislodge particulate contaminants from the process chamber walls. In the disclosed design, the invention has utility both in instances in which wafers are directly inserted into the process chamber for ion implantation and in which the wafers are inserted into the chamber by use of a load-lock which avoids the requirement that the process chamber by cyclicly pressurized and depressurized.

Abstract: An exhaust head unit for compact fluorescent lamps comprises an exhaust head block, a double rubber seal arranged in the block and serving for the reception of exhaust tubes, a vacuum valve, a gas valve, and a diaphragm for regulating the gas flow, as well as a vacuum duct and a gas duct. The vacuum valve, the gas valve and the adjoining vacuum and gas ducts are all arranged within a single exhaust head block, the diaphragm of the gas flow simultaneously constituting the seat of the gas valve.

Abstract: A foldable bag for transporting dry granular powders has a flexible and collapsible skin top, sides and a base with the base a base incorporating a fluidizing port. To transport material the bag is supported to the frame or structure of a container and filled with any dry granular powder. The filling is performed through an orifice in the top portion of the bag. At a destination the contents of the bag are fluidized by providing aeration of the contents through the base of the bag. Once fluidized the contents of the bag are then emptied under gravity or vacuum through outlet ports in the base of the bag. The fluidizing is accomplished a series of channels in the base of the bag with holes for the release of air and with an aeration cloth generally covering these holes. The base of the bag incorporating the fluidizing can be detached from the rest of the bag enabling appropriate recovery or repair of parts of the bag.

Abstract: A constant level oiler is provided which is ventilated in such a manner so as to eliminate the need for a large surge chamber. Such an oiler has an advantage in that the problems associated with the fluid surge resulting when the lubricated machine is shut down are eliminated. Furthermore, since a large surge chamber is unnecessary in the present device, the attendant costs associated therewith are also eliminated.

Abstract: When filling the inner space (14) of an insulating glass unit (4) with a filler gas, a pressure is exerted during filling on the outer surfaces of the glass panes (12, 13) of the insulating glass unit (4) to be filled. For this purpose, an apparatus is suggested with a device (5) for feeding filler gas and with a device (6), by which air and/or gas can be removed from the inner space (14) of the insulating glass unit, wherein two pressure plates (1, 2) are provided which can be placed, during the filling step, with a preselectable pressure against the outer surfaces of the glass panes (12, 13) of the insulating glass unit (4).

Abstract: A device for reducing the quantity of oxygen in the space above the filling in a container before closing of the container, in which a vacuum is formed in the space, then a compressed gas is blown into the container in a direction running obliquely to the vertical axis of symmetry of the container and again a vacuum is formed in the space, these steps being repeated if necessary. Valving is provided in the fixed housing within which are formed, coaxially with a central column, an inner chamber and an outer, essentially cylindrical chamber enclosing it. One chamber is connected to a vacuum source and the other chamber to a source of the gas. One head face of each chamber has a plurality of openings at specific angular distances from each other and disposed on an inner and an outer circle respectively. Fixed on the central column is a disc in sealing fashion against the head faces.

Abstract: Disclosed is an X-ray exposure apparatus having a low attenuation chamber supplied with a gas absorbing little X-rays, the low attenuation chamber being interposed between an X-ray source and a mask so that X-rays transmitted through the low attenuation chamber are irradiated on the mask so as to transfer a mask pattern onto a resist on a wafer, the apparatus comprising detecting means for detecting the gas or components mixed in the gas in the low attenuation chamber, control means for controlling a quantity of supply of the gas into the low attenuation chamber in accordance with an output signal of the detecting means, and/or adjusting means for adjusting a quantity of exposure of said X-rays irradiated on the mask in accordance with an output signal of the detecting means.

Abstract: A tubular body supports a fluid actuated tubular piston connected to operate a coupling mechanism for releasably securing the body to a valve fitting on a refrigerant receiving system. The body encloses components which define a center passage connected to the fitting for first evacuating air from the system and then for directing liquid refrigerant into the system. The passage receives an elongated valve opening member which is fluid actuated to a position opening the valve fitting, and a movable valve member closes the passage to the flow of refrigerant. The fluid actuated coupling mechanism provides for convenient and simple insertion of the tool assembly onto the fitting with no insertion force and also for automatic release of the tool assembly from the fitting after charging is completed. A fluid actuated valve member minimizes the volume of residue refrigerant which vaporizes when the tool assembly is removed from the fitting.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for handling carbon dioxide and excluding it from contact with the atmosphere while carbonating and storage, transfer, and dispensing of the carbonated beverage. The apparatus includes one or two vessels and a valve assembly for each vessel. Each valve assembly has a pressure relief valve and an outlet tap, which are normally closed to isolate the interior of the vessel from the atmosphere, and a pump for transferring and dispensing air and liquid from or to its vessel, all without bringing the carbon dioxide in contact with the atmosphere.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus for recovering beverages from cases of defective aseptic packages such as caused by mismarking. The apparatus comprises a plurality of hollow needle pairs which both puncture the packages. One needle of the needle pair supplies air to the package forcing the beverage to exit through the other needle. The apparatus further includes means for advancing and retracting the needle pairs. The apparatus is pneumatically controlled and powered.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for fluorescent lamps has a transferring conveyor which intermittently conveys several carriers. Each of the carriers has several support heads to support bulbs which are connected through exhaust tubes to first connecting pipe members. Working heads are successively located at predetermined positions along the conveyor. Each of the working heads has second connecting pipe members which are detachably connected to the first connecting pipe members, respectively. Further, first and second valves are attached to the first and second connecting pipe members to open and close inner passages in the first and second connecting pipe members.

Abstract: Described are methods of filling and emptying radiation shields comprising a container formed of thin flexible material.The method of filling comprises the steps of (a) filling the radiation shield with a gas to form the shield and then (b) replacing the gas with a radiation attenuating liquid.Additionally, when the shield configuration is not entirely filled with radiation attenuating liquid, either deliberately or due to leakage, an overpressure of gas above the radiation attenuating liquid solidifies the shield in its designed dimensional configuration.The method of emptying comprises the step of forcing the radiation attenuating liquid out through one or more outlets by forcing a gas into the radiation shield.

Abstract: A tubular body supports a fluid actuated tubular piston connected to operate a coupling mechanism for releasably securing the body to a valve fitting on a refrigerant receiving system. The body encloses components which define a center passage connected to the fitting for first evacuating air from the system and then for directing liquid refrigerant into the system. The passage receives an elongated valve opening member which is fluid actuated to a position opening the valve fitting, and a movable valve member closes the passage to the flow of refrigerant. The fluid actuated coupling mechanism provides for convenient and simple insertion of the tool assembly onto the fitting with no insertion force and also for automatic release of the tool assembly from the fitting after charging is completed. A fluid actuated valve member minimizes the volume of residue refrigerant which vaporizes when the tool assembly is removed from the fitting.