Abstract: A debarking and chipping apparatus mainly for coniferous trees, intended for the production and recovery of bark chips and chips for digestion from small trees (5) having a diameter of 4-20 cm. The apparatus is made up of a debarking unit (1), which debarks and cuts the bark into bark chips, and the debarking unit is followed by a chipper (2) which turns the heartwood (16) into chips for digestion.

Abstract: A bit with a fiber cutter for a rosser head debarking machine. The bit has a base for mounting the bit onto the rosser head. The striking edge of the bit is connected to the base and comes into contact with bark and removes the bark as the rosser head spins. The bit has at least one replaceable fiber cutter that includes a cutting edge that cuts through the bark or fiber within the bark as the rosser head spins. Preferably, the fiber cutter is disk-shaped and tapered away from the striking edge and cuts through the fiber in the bark in a perpendicular direction to the fiber. The cutter can be connected to the bit by a threaded bolt that is positioned through a hole in the middle of the cutter and into a threaded hole in the bit. The bit can have threaded holes on both sides to allow two cutters to be installed or for the bit to be rotated.

Abstract: A debarking chain including a closed chain link attached to an open link by a series of translational and rotational movements. A second chain added in a similar fashion with the first chain locking the second chain in place.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a novel wood fibre debris processor. More particularly, this invention relates to an apparatus which can simultaneously segregate or classify and debark in a singular process wood fibre debris which results from storage and handling of logs for primary forest resource manufacturing industries. A wood fibre debris processor comprising: (a) an enclosed frame; (b) at least one rotatable first type abrader roll disposed laterally across an interior of the frame; (c) at least one rotatable second type abrader roll disposed laterally and adjacent to the first type abrader roll across the interior of the frame; (d) at least one first wood fibre debris abrader means disposed on the first type abrader roll; and (e) at least one second wood fibre debris abrader means disposed on the second type abrader type roll.

Abstract: A combination debarking/delimbing and chipping machine for processing logs is mounted on a single chassis. The debarking/delimbing apparatus of the machine has a lower flail positioned below a material feed path and two adjustable flails positioned above the material feed path. The upper flails will adjust to the size of a log fed into the machine. The provisions of two upper flails assures total removal of bark/limbs from the log and aids in discharging loosened bark. The upper flails may be driven at variable rates and may be reversibly driven. The provisions of two upper flails enables a reduced rotational speed of the flails which enhances flail life.

Abstract: The debarking chain includes a quick disconnect for attaching the debarking chain to a drum. A connecting link is releasably attached to the drum. A chain comprised of closed links is attached to the drum via the connecting link by an open link which connects the connecting link to the end closed link on the chain. The open link includes an opening for receiving a reduced cross-section of one side of the end closed link. A terminal end is formed on the open link by the opening which will prohibit the end closed link from passing over the terminal end until the end closed link is rotated such that the length of its interior aperture is aligned with the longer dimension of the terminal end of the open link. Upon such alignment, the terminal end will pass through the aperture of the end closed link to connect the chain to the drum.

Abstract: An infeed conveyor for feeding wood of a variety of types and lengths to a debarking drum which can be adjusted in height so as to optimize the infeed conditions as desired. The conveying apparatus is adapted to convey tree-length logs to a debarking drum. To that end, the system includes a foundation and a conveyor disposed vertically above the foundation. The conveyor has an inlet end at which logs to be debarked are loaded and an outlet end adjacent the debarking drum. The conveyor is mounted to the foundation so that the height of the inlet end and/or the outlet end can be selectively varied with respect to the foundation assembly. The conveyor is then held at least temporarily held at a selected height and/or inclination.

Abstract: A flail drum system has an upper rotary chain flail drum and a lower rotary chain flail drum longitudinally downstream from the upper drum. Wood product advancing mechanism on the machine frame moves the logs forwardly while spreading them and creates a downward pressure on the products at a first pinch point. The upper and lower flail drums are each driven in rotation about a generally horizontal axis transverse to the path of the log. There is a vertically fixed log support member longitudinally between the upper and lower flail drums and driven means for engaging and advancing the logs is provided on a vertically movable subframe which mounts the upper flail drum, longitudinally between the flail drums, for creating a downward pressure on the logs passing between the upper and lower flail drums and preventing raising and diving movement of the logs passing between the drums.

Abstract: A log debarker for debarking a lengthwise-moving log includes a pair of debarking subassemblies each including a pair of cylindrically concave, rotating cutter elements positioned angularly asymmetrically toward one side of the log and away from an opposite side thereof and a third subassembly including a cutter element positioned to debark said opposite side of the log. Each of the pair of debarking subassemblies includes a stationary support frame, a tilting head platform and a pivoting cutter assembly supporting the cutter elements linked to the support frame so as to pivot the cutter element about an axis normal to the log axis as the cutter assembly is tilted. The cutter elements are moved toward or away from one another to adapt to different log diameters and are pivoted about an axis normal to their axes of rotation.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing the bark of whole, or tree-length, logs has an open frame with a feed end, a discharge end, a base and two generally sloping sides, and a plurality of spaced-apart conveyor assemblies positioned along one side of the frame, each conveyor assembly having a plurality of lifters moving in channels. The lifters simultaneously lift the whole logs while advancing the logs incrementally toward the discharge end of the frame, then release the whole logs to fall onto the rest of the logs. The whole logs are maintained in continuous rolling, tumbling, abrading contact to remove the bark without damaging the underlying wood. The apparatus may be supplied with a canopy for use in winter and/or in cold climates in trapping heat of warm water or steam sprayed onto the logs to thaw them. The apparatus may be assembled from trailer-transportable modular units.

Abstract: A debarking/delimbing apparatus having upper and lower flail drums mounted diagonally relative to a feed line of the apparatus and the upper and lower flail drums being mounted transverse to one another. The upper flail drum moves towards and away from the feed line to accommodate various size logs. The diagonal mounting of the flail drums utilizes a greater amount of the flail surface area of each drum thereby allowing the flails to wear more evenly and prolonging their life.

Abstract: Procedure and apparatus for controlling the barking process in a barking drum, which procedure uses measuring devices (13a,13b,14a,14b) placed in conjunction with the barking drum (1) to measure the weight of the drum. The measurement signals obtained from the weight measuring devices are used to calculate the degree of fullness of the drum, and this data is used to control the position of the delivery gate of the drum so as to achieve the desired degree of fullness. Moreover, the degree of barking of the logs is monitored, and the barking degree data is used as a basis for the control of the speed of rotation of the drum.

Abstract: A log debarker for debarking a lengthwise-moving log includes a pair of debarking subassemblies each including a pair of cylindrically concave, rotating cutter elements juxtaposed on opposite sides of the log and formed to debark a quadrant of a log. Each debarking subassembly includes a stationary support frame, a tilting head platform and a pivoting cutter assembly supporting the cutter elements linked to the support frame so as to pivot the cutter element about an axis normal to the log axis as the cutter assembly is tilted. The cutter elements are moved toward or away fron one another to adapt to different log diameters and are pivoted about an axis normal to their axes of rotation. Pivoting the cutter element skews the rotational axis of the concave cutting surface to an oval of a reduced effective radius of concavity in a plane normal to the log axis to debark a smaller diameter log.

Abstract: An infeed chute for a debarking drum is provided which is adapted to accommodate infeed from two log cranes simultaneously or nearly simultaneously. The chute has a central feed plate of relatively small width and trough plates of relatively great width and at a gentle slope, thereby to provide a smoothly and slightly inclined trough. Furthermore, wing plates are provided which not only define containing side walls but continue and extend the trough width to receive a plurality of log loads and yet smoothly guide the same towards a common inlet. Desirably, to accommodate the gentle slope and increased width of the chute assembly, three transition plates are provided adjacent the debarker inlet to round out the flow thereinto.

Abstract: A debris conveyor for removing limbs, bark and other debris from between a tree stripping apparatus and a tree chipping apparatus defines a path between the stripper and chipper and comprises a conveyor extending under the path for conveying debris away from between the stripper and chipper. In one aspect of the invention, the conveyor is provided with wheels and a frame adapted for trailering. In one embodiment of the invention, the conveyor includes a power source for powering the conveyor. In an alternative embodiment, the conveyor is adapted for connection with the power source from one of the stripper and the chipper. The stripper incluldes, in one embodiment a serpentine drive system for controlling stripping elements.

Abstract: A flail drum system for delimbing and/or debarking small trees and logs has an upper rotary chain flail drum disposed above the path of travel of the wood product and a lower rotary chain flail drum disposed below the path of the product adjacent to the upper drum. Both drums rotate about a generally horizontal axis transverse to the path of travel of the tree or log. Each flail drum assembly includes a central drive shaft and axially spaced apart end rod support members releasably fixed to the shaft. A series of rod support rings have circumferentially spaced openings through which the rods releasably extend to be also releasably received by the end support members. Circumferentially scalloped spacers between the rings, and between the endmost rings and end members, provide radially inwardly extending openings through which the rods pass.

Abstract: A ring debarker has counterbalanced swing arms on which rotary cutters are mounted. The counterbalancing of the swing arms is such that the centrifugal and gravitational forces on the swing arms as they rotate around a log being debarked are substantially neutralized so that debarking pressure exerted on the cutters can be accurately controlled by controlling air pressure used to bias the swing arms.

Abstract: Apparatus for debarking a log using the compression debarking technique includes rollers which apply radial pressure to the log to separate the bark from the wood of the log. Three double-cone rollers, each having its double cones tapered to the middle of the roller, are arranged with their axes of rotation at substantially 60.degree. to each other and perpendicular to the direction of travel of the log through an aperture defined by the three rollers. Pressure is applied to the bark of the log by the double-cone rollers. The apparatus may include cutting means, such as a knife blade on the outer surface of all three of the double-cone rollers, which slices the bark which has been separated from the wood of the log by the pressure applied by the rollers, so that strips of bark fall from the log. The invention is especially suitable for removing thick stringy, fibrous bark from logs.

Abstract: An air-seal, air-cell rotary-ring-type log debarker which is capable of operating in two different operating modes. In one operating mode, the air seal is nonpressurized, and debarking tools in the debarker are under the actuation control solely of pressure-isolated charged air cells which are carried on the rotary ring in the debarker. In another operating mode, the seal between the rotor and stator is pressurized to allow fluid communication between the two, and tool actuation is under the combined control of the ring-carried air cells and of an external source of selectively variable fluid pressure.

Abstract: Rotary cutters for ringer debarkers each have multiple cutter units secured together in coaxial staggered relation. Each cutter unit has gullets between gauge lands, and has knives in the gullets clamped against the leading side of the lands by wedging keys secured in the gullets. The staggering of the cutter units provides each knife with a gauge land on one of the other units for cutting depth control.

Abstract: Method and means of conveyance for solid material, f.ex. tree trunks (6) or bark, whereby the solid material is conveyed with parallel, oblong transfer elements (4) moving back and forth in transfer direction. A larger part of the surface of the transfer elements (4) is moving forward at a time than moving backward. The speed of the return motion of the transfer elements is higher than that of the feed motion of the transfer elements. Transfer elements (4) at sides of the conveyor have been inclined on their longitudinal axis so that they slope towards the center of the conveyor. In this way the friction force between the particles (6) of the material to be conveyed is increased and the friction force between the material (6) to be conveyed and the transfer elements (4) is decreased.

Abstract: Apparatus for debarking logs comprising a generally horizontal rotary drum debarker having an inlet end, power drive device for continuously rotating the drum of the debarker generally about a horizontal axis, generally horizontal main conveyor element for conveying groups of tree length logs toward the drum, the main conveyor element having a discharge end below the axis of rotation of the drum, drive apparatus for continuously driving the main conveyor element, and auxiliary feed mechanism below the axis of rotation of the drum and between the discharge end of the main conveyor element and the inlet end of the drum for assisting the movement of groups of logs fed by the main conveyor element into the inlet end of the drum.

Abstract: A discharge control system for a pulp log debarking drum is provided and a rotary discharge opening regulator to control the pulp log discharge rate and, thus, the retention time within the debarking drum. The rotary opening regulator permits variation of both size and location of the discharge opening.

Abstract: A rotating drum debarker is provided which includes a conveyor chute to feed logs to the drum. The drum includes lifters and reinforcing rings. The improvement in drum design is obtained where the reinforcing ring at the inlet and/or outlet of the drum has an inside diameter greater than the free inside diameter of the drum.

Abstract: A debarking/delimbing apparatus and method wherein the apparatus is provided with a side loading entry into the debarking/delimbing flails. A pivotal ramp guides tree stems into and through the side entry. With the ramp in a lowered position a skidder-type stem hauler directs the tree stem bundle to be ramped upwardly into the side entry. With the ramp in a raised position a boom mounted grapple directs the tree stem bundle to be ramped downwardly into the side entry.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for delimbing and debarking tree trunks and branches. The apparatus includes two elongated rotors which are parallel to, spaced from each other and mounted for rotation in the housing, flexible flail elements on the rotors, means for driving the rotors in contra rotation and a roller guide arrangement on the housing for guiding elongated tree trunks and branches between the rotors to be delimbed and debarked by the flail elements on the rotors.

Abstract: A debarking/delimbing apparatus and method wherein logs are continuously handled by a stem hauling skidder continuously throughout the debarking/delimbing operation. The debarking/delimbing apparatus is provided with a side loading entry into the debarking/delimbing flails including a ramp or feed rollers for lateral ramping or feeding of tree stems up and through the side entry. A skidder-type stem hauler skids the tree stems toward the infeed entry, then tightly swings around the apparatus. The tree stems are swung out to the side of the apparatus and then back into the ramp to be ramped laterally into the flails. The skidder turns back to the infeed direction of travel to pull the tree stems in the conventional direction through the flails.

Abstract: A combination log debarking, log chipping unit having a debarking apparatus and a chipping apparatus mounted on a common chassis, the two apparatus are aligned for conveying logs from the debarking apparatus to the chipping apparatus. The two apparatus are separated by a space of about 6-10 feet to permit loose bark to be removed from the logs and thereby avoid bark contamination of the chip. A conveyor system between the two apparatus guides and conveys logs to the chipper. A single power source enables control over the feeding of the logs to synchronize log feeding with the chipper's chipping capability. A loader over the debarking apparatus provides convenient loading of the logs into the debarker. The power source and controls for the various operating components are all under the common control of the loader operator.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing bark from cut logs where the logs, stacked parallel to each other, are brought both to rotate and to move back and forth in the direction of their length during simultaneous movement sideways and in restacking. The movement of the logs is achieved by feeding the logs into a stationary container equipped with at least one level movable bottom section, a feeder side slightly sloped toward the bottom section, two planar, vertical gable sides and a discharge side sharply angled toward the bottom section. The bottom section of the container has at least one oblong section vertically and laterally movable, which, at its short end, is hung to rotate on eccentric shafts or the like.

Abstract: An apparatus for pretreating and debarking logs wherein the log is debarked by a plurality of cutting elements disposed at an angle to the longitudinal extent of the log and offset with respect to each other. The cutting elements include top and bottom cutting elements between which the log is rolled, imparting helical slits thereto.

Abstract: A flail type apparatus (10) for removing limbs and/or bark from trees (101) by dragging the trees through the apparatus with a skidder (100) is described. In particular, drum 15 and 23 are mounted on the apparatus such that there is an opening A leading to space B between the drums allowing rotating chain flails 19 and 26 mounted on the drums to remove the bark and/or limbs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for debarking logs of the type having long-fibre bark. In a first debarking operation, rotary cutterheads remove a portion of the mark so as to leave a bark/no-bark, barber-pole pattern on a log's surface. In a second, downstream debarking operation, scrapers on a rotating ring remove the remaining bark.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding roundwood into a rotating debarking drum through the inlet end of the barking drum utilizing a conveyor. The prior method presents the drawback that it is not possible, with a single feed device, to feed into the barking drum roundwood of different lengths but only either long, intermediate-sized or short logs. With the present invention, this problem has been solved in that the logs are positively fed by the conveyor, at low speed, into the lower part of the barking drum, through a feed cylinder.

Abstract: A debarking apparatus including a closed bottom formed into a channel. A plunger is slidable in the channel and pushes bark material along the channel and out an open end of the channel. The plunger has a top surface that closes the channel as it moves through the debarking station. The bark deposited on the surface is wiped off and into the channel upon withdrawal. Preferably a shearing blade provided on the leading upper edge of the plunger shears material that protrudes above the channel opening.

Abstract: A feed roll for a log debarker or delimber wherein the roll is square-shaped in cross-section. Rows of gripping teeth are provided along each corner. The teeth are varied in height along the feed roll to form a sinusoidal or serpentine wave. Successive rows of teeth are offset so that the valleys of one row is aligned with the peaks of the succeeding row. The feed roll thus configured induces bouncing and side-to-side movement of a bundle of logs deposited thereon to induce spreading and side-by-side arrangement of the logs for processing.

Abstract: A debarking/delimbing apparatus having upper and lower flailing drums mounted crossway to a feed line for logs progressing through the apparatus. The upper flailing drum is pivotally mounted to enable movement of the flails toward and away from the feed line to accommodate different sized logs. A counter force urges raising of the upper drum but not sufficient to offset totally the gravity force. A gate across the inlet is connected to the upper drum mounting and when engaged by a log raises the upper drum in accordance with the diameter of the log. The length of the flails are only as long as needed to reach down to the mid-point of the largest size logs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delimbing a plurality of elongated tree stems includes at least a pair of vertically mounted, longitudinally offset flail members with flexible impact members mounted on rotatable drums. The drums rotate in the direction of stem flow through the flailing station and limbs and other debris can be collected within a defined area. A housing is structured to define a feed slot through the flailing station. In an alternate embodiment infeed rolls are provided to vertically orient the plurality of stems so that debarking as well as delimbing can be efficiently performed at the flailing station.

Abstract: A barking machine has a container for processing logs formed with openings each extended lengthwise of the container, a transfer guide plate disposed between the openings, multiple notches formed in the openings, lower and side cylindrical rotators each having protruding barking blades on its outer periphery which pass through the notches, and a supporting member for retaining the transfer guide plate. In such a construction, the rotors are partially inserted into the openings, respectively. The lower rotor rotates so that its barking blades move toward the side opening, and the side rotor rotates so that its blades move upwardly. With this arrangement, it is possible to prevent the logs from being blocked between the rotators or falling from therebetween, and to provide a strengthened transfer guide plate with no deformation, thereby enhancing the circulating of logs in the container and the barking operation.

Abstract: A drum barker in which a receiving container is open at the bottom portion thereof, a drum-like rotary member having a number of barking teeth mounted thereto is arranged to partly enter the bottom opening of the receiving container, and the rotary member is rotated in such a state to raise logs loaded in the receiving container while rolling those logs for barking.

Abstract: Effluent treatment for the woodrooms of wood processing industries, e.g. paper and pulp mills, wherein the water separated from the bark and containing fibres is passed back onto an existing conveyor of wet bark, provided with a perforated bottom, so that some of the fibre contained in the water is filtered and mixed with the bark and passes along with the bark to dewatering.

Abstract: A debarking machine having a plurality of debarking tools spaced circumferentially around a rotor. The debarking tools are movable independently between radially inward positions and dilated positions. Movement of the debarking tools is caused by hydraulic rotary actuators, hydraulic fluid pressure being supplied to the actuators independent hydraulic accumulators, a pair of hydraulic accumulators being provided for each rotary actuator.

Abstract: A rotation ring barker comprises a stator and a rotor which has an opening for lengthwise feeding of a log and which is associated with a number of working tools, each of which is actuated by a spring mechanism normally striving to maintain the tool yieldingly urged against a log passing through the rotor for removing the bark from the log. If necessary, the individual tools are jointly movable in a direction outwardly from the log against the action of said spring mechanism. Positioned between the rotor and stator is a ring element which is rotatably mounted on said rotor and, during normal operation, follows the rotor. The ring element is connected, via a transmission, with the drive shaft of a pump mounted on and constantly following the rotor.

Abstract: A log debarker having a frame, a stator supported by the frame, a rotor journaled in the stator for rotation about a longitudinal axis of the rotor, a rotating mechanism for rotating the rotor about the longitudinal axis, a plurality of debarking tools attached to the rotor, and a feeding system for feeding logs axially through the rotor. The feeding system includes a plurality of log gripping rollers positioned for rolling contact with the log, and individual hydraulic motors are operatively connected to the log gripping roller for rotating the log gripping roller. Each of the hydraulic motors is adapted to rotate its log gripping roller at different and variable rotation speeds to accommodate logs of uneven surfaces. A hydraulic fluid supply system supplies each of the hydraulic motors with fluid so that the different and variable hydraulic fluid requirements of each of the hydraulic motors necessitated by uneven log surfaces are satisfied.

Abstract: A log debarker of the hollow-head type having a rotor journaled in a stator for rotation about a longitudinal axis of the rotor. A plurality of debarking tools are attached to the rotor for debarking a log being moved axially through the rotating rotor. Three independently and hydraulically-powered infeed spiked rollers are positioned on the infeed end of the stator for feeding logs into the rotor and three independently and hydraulically-powered outfeed spiked rollers are positioned on the outfeed end. The rollers are powered at differing rotational speeds to accommodate logs of uneven surfaces. An air-operated tensioning system including a quick release valve adjusts the position of the infeed and the outfeed rollers urging them towards the longitudinal axis and automatically jogs the rollers open when they are unable to mount a log. A lubricating system having lubricant filtering and flow control capabilities lubricate and flushes the bearings for the rotating rotor.

Abstract: In order to enable a satisfactory degree of barking when removing the limbs and bark from wood in a barking drum having internally a plurality of log lifters and a plurality of slots arranged around and along the drum for the discharging of waste material freed, said drum comprising two axially aligned drum halves each comprising a main treatment section with a transition section located between them, said transition section is provided with a separating section comprising an arresting surface for the waste material and an annular outlet opening cooperating with the arresting surface and arranged in the dividing plane between the two drum halves, for discharging limbs and bark caught by the arresting surface.

Abstract: A combination log debarking, log chipping unit having a debarking apparatus and a chipping apparatus mounted on a common chassis, the two apparatus are aligned for conveying logs from the debarking apparatus to the chipping apparatus. The two apparatus are separated by a space of about 6-10 feet to permit loose bark to be removed from the logs and thereby avoid bark contamination of the chip. A conveyor system between the two apparatus guides and conveys logs to the chipper. A single power source enables control over the feeding of the logs to synchronize log feeding with the chipper's chipping capability. A loader over the debarking apparatus provides convenient loading of the logs into the debarker. The power source and controls for the various operating components are all under the common control of the loader operator.