Abstract: A high flux density grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in high magnetic field core loss property containing, in percentage by weight, not greater than 0.005% of C, 2.0-7.0% of Si, not greater than 0.2% of Mn, one or both of S and Se in a total amount of not greater than 0.005%, the balance being of Fe and unavoidable impurities, optionally containing, in percentage by weight, of not greater than 0.065% of Al, not greater than 0.005% of N and 0.003-0.3% each of one or more of Sb, Sn, Cu, Mo, Ge, B, Te, As, Cr and Bi, the steel sheet having a grain orientation deviating from an ideal {110}<001> orientation by an average of not greater than 5°, having an average 180° magnetic domain width of not greater than 0.30 mm, preferably not greater than 0.26 mm or greater than 0.26 mm and not greater than 0.30 mm, and having an area ratio of magnetic domains of a width greater than 0.4 mm of greater than 3% and not greater than 20%.

Abstract: Electrical steel sheets having superior magnetic properties, anti-noise properties, and workability, are ideal for use a compact iron core material in electric apparatuses, such as compact transformers, motors, and electric generators. A totally new electrical steel sheet and a manufacturing method therefor are proposed, in which the electrical steel sheet is not only most advantageous in magnetic properties but also advantageous from economic point of view. That is, the electrical steel sheet of the present invention is composed of from about 2.0 to 8.0 wt % Si, from about 0.005 to 3.0 wt % Mn, from about 0.0010 to 0.020 wt % Al, balance essentially iron. The magnetic flux density B50(L) in a rolling direction and the magnetic flux density B50(C) in the direction perpendicular thereto are 1.70 T or more, and the B50(L)/B50(C) is 1.005 to 1.100.

Abstract: A silicon steel sheet having low iron loss of high frequency has a surface layer of the steel sheet which has Si concentration higher than Si concentration of a center portion of the steel sheet. Si concentration of sheet thickness center is 3.4 wt. % or more and Si concentration of the surface layer of the steel sheet is 5 wt. % or more. Si concentration in a surface layer portion is 5 to 8 wt. %. The production method comprises siliconizing treatment and diffusing treatment. Velocity of siliconizing and diffusing are controlled, and Si concentration distribution in the sheet thickness direction of the steel sheet is controlled.

Abstract: By forming, after the annealing of the continuously cast body, a limited number of precipitates apt to the control of the grain growth, and utilising a cold rolling reduction ratio of at least 70%, it is possible to obtain in a subsequent step of continuous nitriding the direct formation of nitrides useful for the grain growth control and subsequently, still in a continuous treatment, to at least start the oriented secondary recrystallization.

Abstract: Grain-oriented silicon steel sheet with Bi as an auxiliary inhibitor and a forsterite coating film having a Cr spinel oxide subscale of FeCr2O4 or FexMn1-xCr2O4 (0.6≦x≦1), made from a steel slab containing 0.005-0.20 wt % of Bi and 0.1-1.0 wt % of Cr.

Abstract: A silicon steel sheet having low iron loss of high frequency has a surface layer of the steel sheet which has Si concentration higher than Si concentration of a center portion of the steel sheet. Si concentration of sheet thickness center is 3.4 wt. % or more and Si concentration of the surface layer of the steel sheet is 5 wt. % or more. Si concentration in a surface layer portion is 5 to 8 wt. %. The production method comprises siliconizing treatment and diffusing treatment. Velocity of siliconizing and diffusing are controlled, and Si concentration distribution in the sheet thickness direction of the steel sheet is controlled.

Abstract: Electromagnetic steel sheet from a high-purity steel slab, composed essentially of Si 2.0 to 8.0 wt %, Mn 0.005 to 3.0 wt % and Al 0.0010 to 0.012 wt % with each of Se, S, N and O each not more than 30 ppm.

Abstract: Grain-oriented magnetic steel sheet made by the method comprising of hot rolling and final finish annealing, wherein (1) the O content in the steel slab is limited to up to about 30 wtppm; (2) for the entire steel sheet including an oxide film before final finish annealing, from among impurities, the Al content is limited to up to about 100 wtppm, and the contents of B, V, Nb, Se, S, and N, to up to about 50 wtppm; and (3) during final finish annealing, the N content in the steel is, at least in the temperature region of from about 850 to 950° C., limited within the range of from about 6 to 80 wtppm.

Abstract: An elastic component for a precision measuring instrument is made from an austenitic metal alloy containing less than two percent ferrite, less than two percent martensite, and more than eleven percent chromium. The crystalline texture has a nano-structure with blocked dislocations. The manufacturing process includes cold hardening followed by thermal aging between 200° C. and 700° C. The benefits are low an elasticity, freedom from creep and hysteresis, resistance to corrosion, and a low magnetic permeability. Examples are load cells used in analytical, motionguiding mechanisms, coupling elements and pivoting elements.

Abstract: The non-oriented electrical steel sheet having the following chemical composition : C: 0.01% or less, Si: 2.5% or less, Mn: 2% or less, Al: 1 to 5%, Si+Al+0.5×Mn: 2.5 to 5%, with a sheet thickness of 0.1 to 0.4 mm, an average grain diameter of 50 to 180 &mgr;m and a Vickers hardness of 130 to 210. The steel sheet is excellent in workability such as punchability and interlocking performance for forming it into cores for motors and also has a lower iron loss and higher magnetic flux density, and thus when used as a core in a motor, achieves the high a motor efficiency. The steel sheet is particularly suitable as a material for cores in inverter-controlled motors.

Abstract: A magnetic steel sheet used for an alternating current core, and having excellent magnetic properties in both a rolling direction, and the direction perpendicular thereto, and a method of producing the magnetic steel sheet. The magnetic steel sheet in a recrystallized cold-rolled condition is characterized in that the intensity ratio of {100}<001> orientation to random orientation is 2.0 or more, the intensity ratio of {011}<100> orientation to random orientation thereof is 2.0 to 10.0, and the intensity ratio of <001>//ND orientation to random orientation is preferably 2.0 or less. The method of producing a magnetic steel sheet includes hot-rolling a silicon steel slab so that the intensity ratio of (015)[100] orientation to random orientation of the recrystallized hot-rolled sheet is 3.0 or more.

Abstract: A method for forming a magnetically biased magnetoresistive (MR) layer. There is first provided a substrate. There is then formed over the substrate a ferromagnetic magnetoresistive (MR) material layer. There is then forming contacting the ferromagnetic magnetoresistive (MR) material layer a magnetic material layer formed of a first crystalline phase, where the magnetic material layer is formed of a crystalline multiphasic magnetic material having the first crystalline phase which does not appreciably antiferromagnetically exchange couple with the ferromagnetic magnetoresistive (MR) material layer and a second crystalline phase which does appreciably antiferromagnetically exchange couple with the ferromagnetic magnetoresistive (MR) material layer.

Abstract: This invention can considerably improve the adhesion property of a film to a matrix surface of a silicon steel sheet by forming an interface layer such as nitride-oxide layer of one or more selected from Fe, Si, Al and B or an extremely thin base film formed by finely dispersing nitride-oxide of one or more selected from Fe, Si, Al and B in the same film components as a tension insulating film at an interface between the matrix surface and the tension insulating film, or further by immersing in an aqueous solution of a chloride mainly composed of SiCl4 to dissolve the matrix surface or conducting a smoothening treatment or a pickling treatment with an aqueous solution containing SiCl4 prior to the formation of the interface layer, and hence ultra-low core loss grain oriented silicon steel sheets having a core loss considerably superior to that of the conventional one and an excellent magnetostriction property can be obtained very cheaply and in a higher productivity.

Abstract: Provided is a composite magnetic member made of a single material combining a ferromagnetic portion and a non-magnetic portion in which the ferromagnetic portion has better soft magnetism than conventional members and the non-magnetic portion has the same stable characteristic as conventional members. A method of producing the ferromagnetic portion of the member and a method of forming the non-magnetic portion are also provided. The composite magnetic member is made of an Fe—Cr—C-base alloy steel containing 0.1 to 5.0 weight % Al and has a ferromagnetic portion with a maximum magnetic permeability of not less than 400 and a non-magnetic portion with a magnetic permeability of not more than 2. In this member the number of carbides with a grain size of not less than 0.1 &mgr;m is regulated to not more than 50 in an area of 100 &mgr;m2 and the proportion of the number of carbides with a grain size of not less than 1.0 &mgr;m to the number of all carbides is controlled to not less than 15%.

Abstract: Electromagnetic steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties and a texture gratly integrated in the {100}<001> orientation, and an uncomplicated and low cost production method; with about a 15 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm or more specific resistivity, about a 2.0 or more {100}<001> integration degree /{111}<uvw> integration degree and about a 10 &mgr;m to 500 &mgr;m grain diameter; when about 0.1 to 3.5% by weight of Si is present, the {100}<001> integration degree is about 10 or more; when about 0.2 to 1.2% by weight of P is present, the {100}<001> integration degree is about 3 or more; by applying a large reduction ratio to a steel slab in the vicinity of the final stage of hot rolling, with the hot rolling finishing temperature controlled at about 750 to 1150° C., hot rolled steel having a texture highly integrated in the {100}<001> orientation is economically produced.

Abstract: A method and a low iron loss grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet are disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: hot-rolling a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet; cold-rolling the hot-rolled steel sheet once or twice intervened by intermediate annealing, so as to achieve the sheet thickness of a final product; annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet for decarburization; finish-annealing the decarburized steel sheet; forming linear grooves on the steel sheet substantially perpendicularly to the rolling direction, after the final cold-rolling step and before the finish-annealing step, by, for example, electrolytic etching or acid dipping; and filling the linear grooves with an element selected from the group consisting of Sn, B and Sb, or an oxide or a sulfate of an element selected therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having magnetic properties equal to, or higher than, those of conventional steel sheets can be produced economically with high productivity, and a method for producing such a steel sheet. The producing method comprises the steps of using, as a starting material, a coil obtained by heating a slab having a composition comprising, in terms of percent by weight, 0.02 to 0.15% of C, 2.5 to 4.0% of Si, 0.02 to 0.20% of Mn, 0.015 to 0.065% of Sol. Al, 0.0030 to 0.0150% of N, 0.005 to 0.040% as the sum of at least one of S and Se and the balance substantially consisting of Fe and hot rolling the slab to a coil, or a coil directly cast from a molten steel having the same components as the slab, conducting hot rolled sheet annealing at 900 to 1,100.degree. C.

Abstract: Grain oriented electrical steel sheet with a very low iron loss and a method for producing the same, wherein the surface of the iron substrate of the grain oriented electrical steel sheet is subjected to an enhancement treatment of crystal grain orientation or surface smoothing to a mean roughness of about 0.20 .mu.m or less, electroplating a chromium plating layer on the substrate with heterogeneous growth, and applying a tension coating film to the plating layer.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic powder comprising ferromagnetic particles coated with a material that does not degrade at temperatures above 150.degree. C. and permits adjacent particles to strongly bind together after compaction such that parts made from the ferromagnetic powder have a transverse rupture strength of about 8,000 to about 20,000 pounds/square inch before sintering. The coating includes from 2 to 4 parts of an oxide and one part of a chromate, molybdate, oxalate, phosphate, or tungstate. The coating may be substantially free of organic materials. The invention also includes a method of making the ferromagnetic powder, a method of making soft magnetic parts from the ferromagnetic powder, and soft magnetic parts made from the ferromagnetic powder.

Abstract: Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics in which shearing angles of grain directions [001] of secondary recrystallized grains from a rolling direction have an average value of about 4.degree. or less, wherein the area % of secondary recrystallized grains having a length of about 60 mm or more in the rolling-orthogonal direction is about 85% or more; with respect to recrystallized micro grains, the area % of crystal grains having a grain diameter of 2 to 20 mm is about 0.2% or more and about 10% or less; and the average value of angles formed with the steel sheet surface by grain directions [001] is about 1.5.degree. or more and about 5.0.degree. or less; in a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of a high magnetic flux density (B.sub.8 .gtoreq.1.96 T) low iron loss is achieved without providing magnetic domain-refining treatment, very low iron loss value by forming grooves on the steel sheet surface, smoothening the steel sheet surface or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In a grain oriented electrical steel sheet used for cores of transformers and generators, a high alignment degree of grain orientations reduces iron loss, by precipitating very fine AlN or/and BN and providing strong inhibiting effect against the growth of the primary recrystallized grains, providing radically improved texture and grain structure in the steel.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet having a multiplicity of fine grains having a diameter of about 3 mm or less on the surface of the steel sheet, in a numerical ratio of about 65% or more and of about 98% or less relative to the constituting grains that penetrate the sheet along the direction parallel to its thickness, and a method for producing the same. The fine grains are artificially created and regularly disposed with a random orientation in the steel sheet, and contribute to decreasing the strain susceptibility of the steel. More preferably, a treatment for finely dividing magnetic domains is applied on the surface of the steel sheet. Transformers based upon the steel sheet have excellent magnetic characteristics (iron loss and magnetic flux density) together with strain resistance, and the steel sheet has good practical device characteristics (building factor) after being assembled into a transformer.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet is provided which has a low ratio of iron loss in a weaker magnetic field to that in a stronger magnetic field and has special advantage in EI cores and the like. Also provided is a process for producing that steel sheet. The grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet is characterized in that its crystal grains of important components are specified in terms of their proportions in number, and the contents of Al, Ti and B, with a forsterite film formed on a surface of the steel sheet. In the process a low-Al silicon slab is heated at below 1,250.degree. C. before hot rolling and the hot-rolled sheet is annealed with a temperature rise in the range of from 5 to 25.degree. C./sec and at a temperature of from about 800 to 1,000 for a period of time of shorter than about 100 seconds.

Abstract: A recording head for recording data onto a recording medium is provided with a thin film formed of the following compound Fe.sub.100-a-b-c X.sub.a Y.sub.b Z.sub.c, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Hf and Zr, Y is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Ru, Al, Si, Ti and Rh, and Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of C and N, and wherein 5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.20, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.15, 1.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.20, and 0.5.ltoreq.a/c.ltoreq.0.7, the carbide or the nitride of the element X having an average grain size of not larger than 3 nm. This way, increased corrosion resistance is provided without substantially reducing magnetic characteristics such as saturation and coercive force. A recording apparatus, such as a VTR, including such a recording head is disclosed as well as a recording medium formed using this thin film.

Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy sheet has low residual magnetic flux density. The alloy sheet comprises a base element and an alloying element having a concentration gradient in a thickness direction of the alloy sheet. The alloying element is selected from Si, Al, Ni, Co and Fe.

Abstract: (1) A doubly oriented silicon steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics in two directions, i.e. in a rolling direction and in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and most suited for use as material for cores of small-sized transformers, and (2) a method for manufacturing the same. The doubly oriented silicon steel sheet as mentioned above in (1) is characterized in that: Si and Mn are contained in amounts which satisfy a predetermined formula of relation; an average crystal grain is as large as 1 to 8 times the thickness of the sheet as measured on a cross section parallel to the surface of the sheet; and at least 60% of all crystal grains have a size of X/3 to 3X, where X is an average grain size. In the doubly oriented silicon steel sheet, preferably, crystal grains having a crystallographic orientation difference within .+-.

Abstract: An Iron-cobalt alloy, whose chemical composition contains, by weight:5%.ltoreq.Co.ltoreq.40%0%.ltoreq.Si.ltoreq.5%0.2%.ltoreq.Al.ltoreq.5%0.5%.ltoreq.Si+Al.ltoreq.5%the balance being iron and impurities resulting from the smelting. Process for manufacturing a strip and strip obtained.

Abstract: Producing a grain oriented silicon steel sheet by controlling physical properties of the oxides layer, formed in decarburization annealing, in the surface layer of a steel sheet. A silicon compound is adhered to the surface of steel sheet before the decarburization annealing in an amount ranging from about 0.5 to 7.0 mg per square meter, expressed as Si, and the atmosphere of an earlier portion of the temperature holding process is adjusted to a ratio of steam partial pressure to the hydrogen partial pressure of less than about 0.7, and the atmosphere of the temperature rising process up to the temperature holding process is adjusted to an atmospheric composition lower than the atmospheric composition of the earlier portion of the temperature holding process, and the atmosphere of a later part of the temperature holding process is adjusted to an atmospheric composition lower than the atmospheric composition of the earlier part of the temperature holding process and in a range from about 0.005 to 0.2.

Abstract: A recording head for recording data onto a recording medium is provided with a thin film formed of the following compound Fe.sub.100-a-b-c X.sub.a Y.sub.b Z.sub.c, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Hf and Zr, Y is one or two elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Ru, Al, Si, Ti and Rh, and Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of C and N, and wherein 5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.20, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.15, 1.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.20, and 0.5.ltoreq.a/c.ltoreq.0.7, the carbide or the nitride of the element X having an average grain size of not larger than 3 nm. This way, increased corrosion resistance is provided without substantially reducing magnetic characteristics such as saturation and coercive force. A recording apparatus, such as a VTR, including such a recording head is disclosed as well as a recording medium formed using this thin film.

Abstract: Very high magnetic flux density grain-oriented electrical steel slab containing 2.5 to 4.0 weight percent silicon as an essential component and having a very high magnetic flux density B.sub.8 of not less than 1.92 tesla, in which by area not less than 80 percent is accounted for by matrix secondary recrystallization grains having a diameter not larger than 100 mm and not smaller than 10 mm in a direction of cold rolling and not larger than 50 mm and not smaller than 5 mm in a direction perpendicular to the cold rolling direction, and in which, moreover, of the grains in said matrix, not fewer than 50 percent by ratio of number are fine secondary recrystallization grains having an average diameter not larger than 5 mm.

Abstract: Corrosion resistance of a magnetic film composed mainly of Fe is maintained while keeping its magnetic properties. A magnetic head having a magnetic core is formed in part of the magnetic thin film, which contains not only an alloy of Fe-metalloid series but also (Al, Ru) or (Al, Rh) and which is thermally treated at a constant temperature to develop the soft magnetic properties. The deterioration of the saturation magnetization and the soft magnetic properties is suppressed by adding (Al, Ru) or (Al, Rh) together. The magnetic film has a high saturation magnetization and excellent soft magnetic properties and is excellent in corrosion resistance and hardness.

Abstract: A self-biasing magnetostrictive element for use in a magnetomechanical EAS marker is a strip of amorphous alloy with crystalline particles of semi-hard or hard magnetic material distributed throughout the bulk of the amorphous alloy strip. The crystalline particles are magnetized to bias the amorphous alloy strip to resonate in response to an interrogation signal. The crystalline particles are formed by heat-treating the amorphous alloy strip at a temperature above the Curie temperature of the amorphous alloy in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field. The alloy strip is then cross-field annealed at a temperature below the Curie temperature of the amorphous alloy to form a transverse anisotropy in the amorphous bulk of the alloy strip. A preferred alloy composition includes iron, cobalt, niobium, copper, boron and silicon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of a grain oriented electrical steel composition having a volume resistivity of at least 50 micro-ohm-cm. The melt composition of the steel consists essentially of, in weight %, about 0.08% max carbon, about 0.015 to about 0.05% aluminum, about 2.25 to 7% silicon, greater than about 0.5% manganese.sub.eq, about 0.001 to about 0.011% nitrogen, about 0.01% max sulfur, about 3% max chromium, about 1% max copper, about 2% max nickel and balance essentially iron. High levels of silicon are balanced with a manganese equivalent relationship which permits lower levels of carbon while still providing the desired levels of austenite during rolling and annealing. The processing also includes the addition of excess nitrogen to the steel prior to secondary grain growth which is subsequently removed during a purification treatment.

Abstract: Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a very low iron loss with controlled area ratio of fine grains, average grain size of coarse grains, obliquity of the grain boundary line of coarse grains, permeability under 1.0 T, and film tension.

Abstract: A magnetic steel sheet containing, on a weight basis, 0.2 to 6.5% of Si and 0.03 to 2.5% of Mn, having a crystallographic texture wherein the density of aggregation of {100} planes parallel to the surface of the sheet is not less than 10 times that of non-oriented crystal grains, and having a demanganized layer in which the concentration of manganese decreases from the interior of the sheet toward the surface of the sheet, wherein the ratio between the concentration of manganese in the surface portion of the sheet and that in the mid depth portion of the sheet is not more than 0.90 and wherein the maximum ratio of reduction in the concentration of manganese within the demanganized layer is not more than 0.05 wt %/.mu.m. Magnetic characteristics of the magnetic steel sheet improved by adopting the average grain diameter 0.25 to 10 times the thickness of the sheet and by applying to the sheet a tension smaller than the elastic limit of the sheet in a direction parallel to the surface of the sheet.

Abstract: In a grain oriented electromagnetic steel sheet exhibiting high magnetic flux density and low iron loss, having a composition containingabout 2.5 to 4.0 weight percent of Si, andabout 0.005 to 0.06 weight percent of Al, andi) at least about 95 percent by area ratio of all crystal grains in the electromagnetic steel sheet are large secondary recrystallized grains each having a diameter of about 5 to 50 mm, each having an ?001! axis within about 5.degree. to the rolling direction of the sheet, and each having an ?110! axis within about 5.degree. to the normal direction of the sheet face, andii) small grains, each having a diameter of about 0.05 to 2 mm, and each having about 2.degree. to 30.degree. of relative angle between the ?001! axis of the small grains and the ?001! axis of the large secondary crystallized grains, the small grains being located in the large secondary crystallized grains or at the grain boundaries. By adding Sb, or Sb and Mo to the steel, magnetic properties further improve.

Abstract: A decarburized steel sheet for a thin oriented silicon steel sheet having improved magnetic and coating characteristics and a method of producing the same. Silicon steel strip is hot-rolled, cold-rolled to a final thickness of about 0.28 mm or less, subjected to decarburization/primary-recrystallization annealing, coated with an annealing separator, and thereafter subjected to finishing annealing. In the decarburization/primary-recrystallization annealing step, a novel subscale is formed at the steel sheet surface having a fayalite-silica composition ratio in accordance with an infrared reflection absorbance ratio of about 0.5 to 5.5, and a marked oxygen amount of about 0.4 to 1.6 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A grain oriented silicon steel sheet having excellent primary glass film property and magnetic property, comprising 2.0 to 5.0% by weight of Si, wherein a primary glass film formed during secondary recrystallization annealing is composed mainly of forsterite (Mg.sub.2 SiO.sub.4) and an oxide containing Al, mainly of spinel (MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4), or Al and Si, mainly of cordierite (MgO.sub.2 Al.sub.4 Si.sub.5 O.sub.18) and/or sapphirine (Mg.sub.4 Al.sub.10 Si.sub.2 O.sub.23), and in an analysis of the surface of the steel sheet by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry analysis (GDS analysis), a peak derived from Al is separated from a peak derived from Mg, and, preferably, the peak derived from Al is separated from the peak derived from Mg and the distance (time) from the surface of the steel sheet at which the peak derived from Al is 1.2 times or more the distance from the surface of the steel sheet at which the peak derived from Mg appears.

Abstract: An Fe-based soft magnetic alloy is consisted essentially of fine crystal grains constituting 50% or more of the alloy structure by area %. The Fe-based soft magnetic alloy has the composition substantially represented by the general formula: Fe.sub.100-a-b-c-d-e-f X.sub.a M.sub.b M'.sub.c A.sub.d Si.sub.e Z.sub.f (wherein X is at least one compound selected from the ceramic materials fusible when the composition is fused and rapidly quenched to form a rapidly cooled alloy, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W, M' is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, elements in the platinum group, Ag, Au, Zn, Al, Ga, In, Sn, Cu and rare each elements, A is at least one element selected from among Co and Ni, Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, P and Ge. Said a, b, c, d, e and f respectively satisfy 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.5, 0.1.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.10, 0.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.10, 0.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.40, 5.ltoreq.e.

Abstract: An alloy sheet containing Fe, Ni and Cr has an average austenite grain size of 15 to 45 .mu.m and a degree of mixed grain for austenite grain size of 4.5 to 50%; the alloy sheet has a gathering degree of the {331} plane on a surface of the alloy sheet of 8 to 35%, a gathering degree of the {210} plane of 1 to 20% and a gathering degree of the {211} plane of 2 to 20%; the degree of mixed grain is expressed by the equation: (.vertline.0.5 Dmax-D.vertline./D).times.100 (%), where D is an average austenite grain size, and Dmax is a maximum austenite grain size in said alloy sheet.

Abstract: An oriented magnetic steel sheet with a very low core loss and a process for manufacturing it at a lower cost are disclosed. The steel sheet consists essentially of Si: greater than 3.0% and at most 6.0%, Mn: greater than 2.0% and at moat 8.0%, sol. Al: 0.003-0.015%, with Si (%)-0.5.times.Mn (%).ltoreq.2.0 and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities, The amounts of C, N, and S as impurities are respectively at most 0.005%, at most 0.006%, and at most 0.01%. This steel sheet can be produced from a slab containing up to 0.01% C., up to 0.01% S and 0.001-0.010% N by (i) hot rolling the slab to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet, (ii) cold rolling the hot-rolled steel sheet, as hot-rolled or after being subsequently annealed, one or more times with an intermediate annealing performed between successive stages of cold rolling to prepare a cold-rolled sheet, (iii) causing primary recrystallization by continuous annealing of the cold-rolled sheet, and (iv) finish annealing the continuously annealed steel sheet.

Abstract: A very thin electrical steel strip having a thickness not exceeding 150 microns, an average grain diameter not exceeding 1.0 mm, a high degree of {110} <001> grain orientation, a high normalized magnetic flux density as expressed by a B.sub.8 /B.sub.s value which is greater than 0.9, and a low core loss not exceeding 50% of the core loss of any conventional product.It is produced from a starting material consisting of a grain-oriented electrical steel strip containing not more than 8% silicon, the balance thereof substantially being iron, and having a high degree of {110} <001> grain orientation, a normalized magnetic flux density as expressed by a B.sub.8 /B.sub.s value which is greater than 0.9, an average grain diameter of at least 20 mm in the rolling direction and an average grain diameter of at least 40 mm in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel having superior magnetic properties and for use in transformers and electrical generators, and a manufacturing process thereof are disclosed. Cu and P are mixedly added in the melting stage of a silicon steel containing MnS and AlN as grain growth inhibitors, and in this way, the magnetic properties are improved. The chemical composition of the steel sheet of the present invention are: 2.50-4.00% of Si, 0.03-0.15% of Mn, 0.030-0.300% of Cu, and 0.020-0.200% of P, the balance being Fe, all in weight %. The grain oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention shows a low iron loss and a high magnetic flux density, and is cold-rolled to a thickness range of 0.15-0.27 mm.

Abstract: A low-iron loss grain oriented electromagnetic steel sheet subjected to final finishing annealing has a plurality of linear grooves formed on surface of the steel sheet in a direction across the rolling direction, so as to improve the magnetic characteristics of the steel sheet. The linear grooves have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in which the angle of a groove side wall to the direction of the thickness of the sheet is about 60.degree. or less. Projections are present at a bottom portion of the groove, and the depth at the top of the projection at the groove bottom is at least about 1/2 of the maximum groove depth. The steel sheet maintains a low iron loss even after stress relief annealing. The present invention provides a method of stably producing the steel sheet.

Abstract: A grain oriented silicon steel strip and method are provided for producing the same wherein a chevron pattern of scribe lines mechanically refines the magnetic domain wall spacings. Multiple chevron patterns are formed to extend always transversely across the strip width.

Abstract: An ultrahigh silicon, grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a magnetic flux density, B.sub.8, of 1.57 or more and a degree of azimuth orientation, R (B.sub.8 /B.sub.s) of 0.87 or more is provided by cold-rolling an ultrahigh silicon steel sheet comprising by weight 0.005 to 0.023% of C, 5 to 7.1% of Si, 0.014% or less of S, 0.013 to 0.055% of acid soluble Al and 0.0095% or less of total N with the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities at a temperature in the range of from 120.degree. to 380.degree. C. optionally after annealing at a temperature in the range of from 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C.

Abstract: Magnetic sheet metal obtained from hot-rolled strip steel containing, in particular, iron, silicon and aluminium and forming part of a family of sheet metals having orientated grains, characterized in that its composition is as follows: silicon less than 3.3%, aluminium between 1.5 and 8%, in concentration by weight, and in that the strip steel is subjected to cold-rolling in two steps with a final degree of reduction of between 50 and 80%, the magnetic sheet metal obtained having a general structure of the cubic type, at least 40% of the grains not deviating by more than 15.degree. from the ideal cubic orientation (100), 001 in the Miller notation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-oriented electrical strip having high proportions of cube or cube on face texture, a polarization of J 2500>1.7 T and a low core loss, and also to a process for its production. A steel slab, containing max. 0.025% C, less than 0.1% Mn, 0 to 0.15% boundary-surface-active elements and Si and Al in such a way that the relations (% Si)+2(% Al)>1.6% and (% Si)+(% Al)<4.5% are met, balance iron, is hot rolled to a thickness not lower than 3.5 mm. The resulting hot rolled strip is then cold rolled with a degree of reduction of at least 86% without intermediate recrystallization annealing and, if necessary, final annealed.

Abstract: In grain oriented silicon steel sheets provided with surface layer after finish annealing, microareas of the surface layer are locally pushed into at least an inside of base metal through electron beam irradiation in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet, whereby iron loss of the sheet is considerably reduced.

Abstract: Soft magnetic powder comprising flat soft magnetic particles of an alloy having a composition defined and encompassed by polygon ABCDE in a Fe-Si-Cr ternary composition diagram of FIG. 1 or polygon JKLMN in a Fe-Si-Al ternary composition diagram of FIG. 4 is suitable for use in magnetic shields. The flat soft magnetic particles are prepared by furnishing alloy particles having a predetermined composition, flattening them, and heat treating the flat particles to develop a peak corresponding to plane index (002) in an X-ray diffraction diagram thereof.