Chromium, Molybdenum, Or Tungsten Base Patents (Class 148/423)
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Patent number: 7361239Abstract: The invention includes a method for producing high-density composites of metallic glass alloy powders in combination with a refractory metal powder, and includes related methods for producing metallic glass alloys. The invention, in one aspect, employs a system of monitoring the temperature and hot isostatic pressing conditions during the consolidation of metallic compositions in order to produce higher densities and materials of a larger diameter, for example. In another aspect, the invention involves method whereby a third interfacial phase at a metallic glass alloy/refractory metal interface is effectively controlled to produce composites with advantageous properties.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2004Date of Patent: April 22, 2008Assignee: Matsys, Inc.Inventors: Tony F. Zahrah, Roderick Rowland, Laszlo Kecskes
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Patent number: 7255757Abstract: A nanocomposite comprising a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed in a molybdenum-based matrix, and an x-ray tube component formed from such a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite contains volume fraction of nanoparticle dispersoids in a range from about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent. A method of making such molybdenum-based nanocomposites is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2003Date of Patent: August 14, 2007Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Pazhayannur Ramanathan Subramanian, Judson Sloan Marte, Paul Leonard Dupree
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Patent number: 7108757Abstract: A reversible hydrogen storage alloy capable of storing large amounts of hydrogen and delivering reversibly large amounts of hydrogen at temperatures ranging from 0° C. up to 40° C. The hydrogen storage alloy is generally composed of titanium, vanadium, and chromium. The alloy may further include manganese. Modifier elements such as zirconium, iron, nickel, molybdenum, ruthenium, and/or cobalt, and scavenger elements such as misch metal, calcium, and/or magnesium may be included in the alloy to improve performance.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2003Date of Patent: September 19, 2006Assignee: Ovonic Hydrogen Systems LLCInventors: Baoquan Huang, Stanford R. Ovshinsky
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Patent number: 7073559Abstract: A method of producing metal fibers including melting a mixture of at least a fiber metal and a matrix metal, cooling the mixture to form a bulk matrix comprising at least a fiber phase and a matrix phase and removing at least a substantial portion of the matrix phase from the fiber phase. Additionally, the method may include deforming the bulk matrix. In certain embodiments, the fiber metal may be at least one of niobium, a niobium alloy, tantalum and a tantalum alloy and the matrix metal may be at least one of copper and a copper alloy. The substantial portion of the matrix phase may be removed, in certain embodiments, by dissolving of the matrix phase in a suitable mineral acid, such as, but not limited to, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2003Date of Patent: July 11, 2006Assignee: ATI Properties, Inc.Inventors: Philip M. O'Larey, John J. Hebda, Ronald A. Graham
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Patent number: 7037467Abstract: A strength-ductility balance at a high temperature above 1000° C., particularly a high temperature above 1050° C. is improved by rendering a chemical composition of Cr-based alloy into Cr: not less than 60 mass %, C+N: not more than 20 mass ppm, S: not more than 20 mass ppm, O: not more than 100 mass ppm, O as an oxide: not more than 50 mass ppm, and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 2000Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: Japan Science and Technology AgencyInventor: Kenji Abiko
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Patent number: 6964693Abstract: A method for forming dendritic metal powders, comprising the steps of: (1) heating a powder comprising non-dendritic particles, under conditions suitable for initial stage sintering, to form a lightly sintered material; and (2) breaking the lightly sintered material to form a powder comprising dendritic particles. In one embodiment, the lightly sintered material is broken by brushing the material through a screen. Another aspect of the present invention comprises the dendritic particles that are produced by the method described above. These particles can comprise any suitable metal, such as transition metals, rare earth metals, main group metals or metalloids or an alloy of two or more such metals. The particles can also comprise a ceramic material, such as a metal oxide. These particles are characterized by a dendritic, highly anisotropic, morphology arising from the fusion of substantially non-dendritic particles, and by a low apparent density relative to the substantially non-dendritic starting material.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2003Date of Patent: November 15, 2005Assignee: Mykrolis CorporationInventors: Robert S. Zeller, Christopher J. Vroman
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Patent number: 6929726Abstract: A sputtering target consists essentially of 0.1 to 50% by weight of at least one kind of element that forms an intermetallic compound with Al, and the balance of Al. The element that forms an intermetallic compound with Al is uniformly dispersed in the target texture, and in a mapping of EPMA analysis, a portion of which count number of detection sensitivity of the element is 22 or more is less than 60% by area ratio in a measurement area of 20×20 ?m. According to such a sputtering target, even when a sputtering method such as long throw sputtering or reflow sputtering is applied, giant dusts or large concavities can be suppressed in occurrence.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2004Date of Patent: August 16, 2005Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Koichi Watanabe, Takashi Ishigami
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Patent number: 6890480Abstract: Medium- and high-density articles are formed from melting and casting alloys containing tungsten, iron, nickel and optionally manganese and/or steel. In some embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 8-10.5 g/cm3, and in other embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 10.5-15 g/cm3. In some embodiments, the articles are ferromagnetic, and in others the articles are not ferromagnetic. In some embodiments, tungsten forms the largest weight percent of the alloy, and in other embodiments the alloy contains no more than 50 wt % tungsten. In some embodiments, the articles are shell shot.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 2003Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Inventor: Darryl D. Amick
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Patent number: 6841011Abstract: The present invention is directed to an iron, aluminum, chromium, carbon alloy and a method of producing the same, wherein the alloy has g good room temperature ductility, excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and ductility. The alloy includes about 10 to 70 at. % iron, about 10 to 45 at. % aluminum, about 1 to 70 at. % chromium and about 0.9 to 15 at. % carbon. The invention is also directed to a material comprising a body-centered-cubic solid solution of this alloy, and a method for strengthening this material by the precipitation of body-centered-cubic particles within the solid solution, wherein the particles have substantially the same lattice parameters as the underlying solid solution. The ease of processing and excellent mechanical properties exhibited by the alloy, especially at high temperatures, allows it to be used in high temperature structural applications, such as a turbocharger component.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2002Date of Patent: January 11, 2005Inventor: Hui Lin
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Patent number: 6830637Abstract: A large-diameter tungsten-lanthana rod having an elongated grain structure substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod is described. The large diameter rod is produced by rolling at a temperature greater than 1400° C. and less than 1700° C. to achieve at least about a 40% reduction in cross-sectional area. The high strength of the longitudinally elongated grain structure is desirable for applications such as rocket nozzles.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2002Date of Patent: December 14, 2004Assignee: Osram Sylvania Inc.Inventors: Ricky D. Morgan, Thomas J. Dixon, Harry D. Martin, III
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Publication number: 20040244879Abstract: A tungsten wire containing 1 to 10% by mass of rhenium has a point which indicates a 2% elongation within a quadrangle formed by joining points with straight lines, where the values of x and y are point (20, 75), point (20, 87), point (90, 75), and point (90, 58), in this order, wherein the wire diameter of the aforementioned tungsten wire is represented by x &mgr;m, and the elongation of the tungsten wire is 2% after electrically heating with an electrical current which is a ratio of y % to the fusion current (FC) at the wire diameter x &mgr;m, and wherein a semi-logarithmic system of coordinates is expressed by a horizontal axis using a logarithmic scale of the aforementioned wire diameter x and a vertical axis using a normal scale of ratio y to the fusion current.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 6, 2004Publication date: December 9, 2004Inventors: Takashi Tanaka, Motohisa Sakai, Yasuhiko Nakano, Kan Suganomata, Motoaki Esaki, Kayo Nakano
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Patent number: 6793781Abstract: Silicon-chromium cathode targets having 5 to 80 weight percent chromium are used to sputter absorbing coatings of silicon-chromium-containing material in atmospheres of inert gas such as argon, reactive gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and mixtures thereof to form metallic films and films of nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of metals. Chromium in the cathode target in the range of 5 to 80 weight percent provides target stability and enhanced sputtering rates over targets of silicon alone and are comparable to the target stability and sputtering rates of silicon-nickel targets, Chromium in the target may be replaced in part with nickel, preferably in the range of 5 to 15 weight percent, to produce coatings of silicon-chromium-nickel and the oxides, nitrides and oxynitrides thereof.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2002Date of Patent: September 21, 2004Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.Inventor: James J. Finley
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Patent number: 6767653Abstract: A turbine component comprises a substrate; and a crystalline coating disposed on a surface of the substrate, wherein the crystalline coating comprises tin and yttrium in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.05 atomic percent based upon the total coating. A method of making a turbine component comprises disposing a coating composition on a substrate, wherein the coating composition comprises tin and yttrium in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.1 atomic percent based upon the total coating composition. A crystalline coating comprises tin and yttrium in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.05 atomic percent based upon the total coating.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 2002Date of Patent: July 27, 2004Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Bernard Bewlay, Melvin Jackson, Ji-Cheng Zhao
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Publication number: 20040112176Abstract: Novel forms of molybdenum metal, and apparatus and methods for production thereof. Novel forms of molybdenum metal are preferably characterized by a surface area of substantially about 2.1 m2/g to substantially about 4.1 m2/g. Novel forms of molybdenum metal are also preferably characterized by a relatively uniform size.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 20, 2003Publication date: June 17, 2004Inventors: Mohamed Khan, Joel Taube, Loyal M. Johnson
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Publication number: 20040112476Abstract: Substrates comprising a surface comprising chromium, said surface being adapted to exhibit reduced coefficient of friction and/or increased hardness.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 29, 2003Publication date: June 17, 2004Inventors: Geoffrey Dearnaley, Kevin C. Walter
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Patent number: 6736947Abstract: A sputtering target consists essentially of 0.1 to 50% by weight of at least one kind of element that forms an intermetallic compound with Al, and the balance of Al. The element that forms an intermetallic compound with Al is uniformly dispersed in the target texture, and in a mapping of EPMA analysis, a portion of which count number of detection sensitivity of the element is 22 or more is less than 60% by area ratio in a measurement area of 20×20 &mgr;m. According to such a sputtering target, even when a sputtering method such as long throw sputtering or reflow sputtering is applied, giant dusts or large concavities can be suppressed in occurrence.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2000Date of Patent: May 18, 2004Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Koichi Watanabe, Takashi Ishigami
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Patent number: 6692587Abstract: There is provided a Cr-base heat resisting alloy, which contains Cr as a main component element and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Re and W in amount of from 1 atomic % to 40 atomic %.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2002Date of Patent: February 17, 2004Assignee: National Institute for Materials ScienceInventors: Yoshikazu Ro, Hiroshi Harada, Yutaka Koizumi, Toshiharu Kobayashi, Eisuke Bannai
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Patent number: 6692838Abstract: The invention includes a composition of matter which is resistant to metal dusting and a method for preventing metal dusting on metal surfaces exposed to carbon supersaturated environments.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2002Date of Patent: February 17, 2004Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Trikur Anantharaman Ramanarayanan, ChangMin Chun
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Publication number: 20030221755Abstract: A large-diameter tungsten-lanthana rod having an elongated grain structure substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod is described. The large diameter rod is produced by rolling at a temperature greater than 1400° C. and less than 1700° C. to achieve at least about a 40% reduction in cross-sectional area. The high strength of the longitudinally elongated grain structure is desirable for applications such as rocket nozzles.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 31, 2002Publication date: December 4, 2003Applicant: OSRAM SYLVANIA Inc.Inventors: Ricky D. Morgan, Thomas J. Dixon, Harry D. Martin
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Patent number: 6652674Abstract: Mo—Si—B alloys having additions of a transition element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, Cu and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 2002Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Assignee: United Technologies CorporationInventors: Shiela Rhea Woodard, Rafael Raban, James F. Myers, Douglas Michael Berczik
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Patent number: 6616891Abstract: A reversible hydrogen storage alloy capable of absorbing approximately 4 weight percent hydrogen and desorbing up to 2.8 weight percent hydrogen at temperatures up to 100° C. The hydrogen storage alloy is generally composed of titanium, vanadium, chromium, and manganese. Additional elements such as zirconium, yttrium, iron, nickel, zinc, molybdenum, and tantalum may also be included in the alloy.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2002Date of Patent: September 9, 2003Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.Inventors: Krishna Sapru, Zhaosheng Tan, Mohamed Bazzi, Subramanian Ramachandran, Stanford R. Ovshinsky
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Patent number: 6610421Abstract: A spin electronic material exhibiting a spin-dependent electronic effect includes zincblende TE-VE, where TE stands for V, Cr or Mn and VE stands for As or Sb.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 2001Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Hiroyuki Akinaga, Masafumi Shirai, Takashi Manago
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Patent number: 6596100Abstract: A metal-made seamless pipe is provided, containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600° C. or more, and has a porosity of 0.3 to 25%. The porosity is defined as a ratio of the open pores present at the outer surface of the pipe to the total surface area of the outer surface of the pipe. The open pores do not include through-pores perforating to the inner surface of the pipe. A process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe is also provided. The metal-made seamless pipe is low in processability but can be produced having a small thickness and a small inner diameter, having superior mechanical strength and gastightness, and can be suitably used as a sealing member of a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2001Date of Patent: July 22, 2003Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventor: Norikazu Niimi
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Patent number: 6589368Abstract: The present invention provides a refractory-metal-based alloy material having a remarkably enhanced toughness and strength, by internally nitriding a nitride-forming metal element incorporated as a solid solution into an alloy worked piece, which has a parent phase consisting of one element selecting from Mo, W and Cr, at a temperature equal to or lower than a recrystallization upper limit temperature of the worked piece to dispersedly yield ultra-fine nitride particles to the worked piece and thereby raise a recrystallization lower limit temperature of the worked piece, and then subjecting the internally nitrided worked piece to a second nitriding treatment at a temperature equal to or more than the raised recrystallization lower limit temperature, wherein at least in the surface region of the worked piece has a structure in which ultra-fine nitride precipitated particles are grown and stabilized with keeping the worked structure of the worked piece.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2001Date of Patent: July 8, 2003Assignee: Japan Science and Technology CorporationInventors: Jun Takada, Masahiro Nagae, Yutaka Hiraoka, Yoshito Takemoto
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Publication number: 20030110886Abstract: A metal having a high chromium content, characterized in that it is produced in an arc melting furnace and contains Cr in an amount of 85% or more and has an Al content of 0.005% or less, an Si content of 0.1% or less and an S content of 0.002% or less; and a method for producing the metal having a high chromium content which comprises reducing a chromium oxide heated and melted in an arc melting furnace with Si, to thereby prepare a metal melt containing 85% or more of CR, discharging a slag formed by the reduction with Si from the arc melting furnace, adding a fresh basic flux into the arc melting furnace, melting the basic flux with arc, to bring a slag formed by the melting of the basic flux to contact with the above metal melt and thereby refine the metal melt, and then taking out the refined metal melt from the arc melting furnace, followed by casting.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 5, 2002Publication date: June 19, 2003Inventors: Hiroiti Sugimori, Chitoshi Matsumura, Satoaki Kawaguchi, Masanori Kato
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Patent number: 6540809Abstract: A method for forming dendritic metal powders, comprising the steps of: (1) heating a powder comprising non-dendritic particles, under conditions suitable for initial stage sintering, to form a lightly sintered material; and (2) breaking the lightly sintered material to form a powder comprising dendritic particles. In one embodiment, the lightly sintered material is broken by brushing the material through a screen. Another aspect of the present invention comprises the dendritic particles that are produced by the method described above. These particles can comprise any suitable metal, such as transition metals, rare earth metals, main group metals or metalloids or an alloy of two or more such metals. The particles can also comprise a ceramic material, such as a metal oxide. These particles are characterized by a dendritic, highly anisotropic, morphology arising from the fusion of substantially non-dendritic particles, and by a low apparent density relative to the substantially non-dendritic starting material.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 2000Date of Patent: April 1, 2003Assignee: Mykrolis CorporationInventors: Robert S. Zeller, Christopher J. Vroman
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Ductile medium-and high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing the same
Patent number: 6527880Abstract: Medium- and high-density articles are formed from melting and casting alloys containing tungsten, iron, nickel and optionally manganese and/or steel. In some embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 8-10.5 g/cm3, and in other embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 10.5-15 g/cm3. In some embodiments, the articles are ferromagnetic, and in others the articles are not ferromagnetic. In some embodiments, tungsten forms the largest weight percent of the alloy, and in other embodiments the alloy contains no more than 50 wt % tungsten. In some embodiments, the articles are shell shot.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2001Date of Patent: March 4, 2003Inventor: Darryl D. Amick -
Patent number: 6524405Abstract: The present invention is directed to an iron, aluminum, chromium, carbon alloy and a method of producing the same, wherein the alloy has good room temperature ductility, excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and ductility. The alloy includes about 10 to 70 at. % iron, about 10 to 45 at. % aluminum, about 1 to 70 at. % chromium and about 0.9 to 15 at. % carbon. The invention is also directed to a material comprising a body-centered-cubic solid solution of this alloy, and a method for strengthening this material by the precipitation of body-centered-cubic particles within the solid solution, wherein the particles have substantially the same lattice parameters as the underlying solid solution. The ease of processing and excellent mechanical properties exhibited by the alloy, especially at high temperatures, allows it to be used in high temperature structural applications, such as a turbocharger component.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2000Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Inventor: Hui Lin
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Patent number: 6514456Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a WC—Co cutting metal alloy for a component or a tool insert, which is shaped from a corresponding cutting metal blank by means of an electrical discharge processing method. The WC fraction in the carbide phase of the cutting metal alloy is more than 90 wt %; the binder phase consists mostly of cobalt and is 8 to 15 wt % with reference to the cutting metal alloy. 0.1 to 3 wt % of one or more metals from the group Re, Ge, Ga, Ir, Os, Pd, Ag, Au, Pt, Te, Sb, Rh, and Ru, with reference to the binder phase, are dissolved in the binder phase.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Plansee Tizit AktiengesellschaftInventors: Andreas Lackner, Werner Ferstl, Gerhard Kn{overscore (u)}nz, Hans-Peter Martinz, Klaus Prandini
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Publication number: 20020139456Abstract: A high-capacity hydrogen storage alloy has a crystal structure containing a body-centered cubic structure as a single or main phase and made of a composition represented by the general formula TiaCrbMocFed, in which a is in a range of from 25 to 45% by atomic weight, b is in a range of from 30 to 65% by atomic weight, c is in a range of from 5 to 40% by atomic weight, and d is in a range of from 0 to 15% by atomic weight. In production of the alloy, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature in a range of from 1,200 to 1,500° C. for 1 minute to 24 hours and then cooling is performed at a speed equal to or higher than the cooling speed obtained by water cooling.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2002Publication date: October 3, 2002Applicant: THE JAPAN STEEL WORKS, LTD.Inventors: Kazuya Kubo, Toshio Takahashi, Hideaki Ito, Toshiki Kabutomori
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Publication number: 20020129878Abstract: There is provided a Cr-base heat resisting alloy, which contains Cr as a main component element and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Re and W in amount of from 1 atomic % to 40 atomic %.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 6, 2002Publication date: September 19, 2002Inventors: Yoshikazu Ro, Hiroshi Harada, Yutaka Koizumi, Toshiharu Kobayashi, Eisuke Bannai
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Ductile medium-and high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing the same
Publication number: 20020121317Abstract: Medium- and high-density articles are formed from melting and casting alloys containing tungsten, iron, nickel and optionally manganese and/or steel. In some embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 8-10.5 g/cm3, and in other embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 10.5-15 g/cm3. In some embodiments, the articles are ferromagnetic, and in others the articles are not ferromagnetic. In some embodiments, tungsten forms the largest weight percent of the alloy, and in other embodiments the alloy contains no more than 50 wt % tungsten. In some embodiments, the articles are shell shot.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 6, 2001Publication date: September 5, 2002Inventor: Darryl D. Amick -
Patent number: 6440562Abstract: A particle of W oxide 2 such as a particle of WO3 is disposed on an amorphous carbon support film 1, onto the particle of W oxide 2 in an atmosphere of high vacuum an electron beam of an intensity of 1023 to 1024 e/cm2·sec being irradiated. Due to the irradiation of an electron beam 3 of such an intensity, ultra fine particles of W 4 of a particle diameter of for instance 10 nm or less are generated. The ultra fine particles of W consist of W effected to detach from the particle of W oxide.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2000Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignees: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Japan Science and Technology CorporationInventors: Yoshitaka Tamou, Shun-ichiro Tanaka, BingShe Xu
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Publication number: 20020088508Abstract: A family of extremely fine-grained alloys are used to make coatings or free-standing bodies having desirable properties for use as a heat-resistant and wear-resistant material. In an illustrative embodiment, the alloys are comprised of a multiplicity of alternate, microcrystalline or nanocrystalline films of tungsten metal and tungsten compound. The tungsten compound film may be comprised of a tungsten carbide or a tungsten boride. The tungsten films are the primary films. Their desirable characteristics, in addition to their very fine crystalline habit, per se, are the high strength, high hardness, high resilience, and high fracture energy which these fine crystallites foster. They may be manufactured by a chemical vapor deposition process in which reactive gas flows are rapidly switched to produce alternate films with abrupt hetero-junctions and thereby to produce the useful micro-crystalline habit. The unique synthesis method allows effective control of critical flaw size.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 1, 2001Publication date: July 11, 2002Inventors: Robert A. Holzl, Robert L. Shinavski
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Publication number: 20020060520Abstract: A metal-made seamless pipe contains, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600° C. or more. The metal-made seamless pipe has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as a proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe; and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe. The metal-made seamless pipe is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and can be suitably used as a sealing member of a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 20, 2001Publication date: May 23, 2002Inventor: Norikazu Niimi
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Patent number: 6372063Abstract: The process for manufacturing a metallic component, such as a wheel part for the rolling system of a vehicle, which includes, in an initial stage, forming the component of a metallic material in a semi-solid state and having a thixotropic structure, and in a subsequent cold-treatment stage, cold-treating at least part of said component by blasting it with projectiles with a view to plastic deformation thereof. A wheel in which a metallic disk is welded to a wheel rim and in which the metallic disk is obtained by the manufacturing process.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2000Date of Patent: April 16, 2002Assignee: Michelin Recherche et Technique, S.A.Inventor: Gilles Grillon
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Patent number: 6365014Abstract: Silicon-chromium cathode targets comprising 5 to 80 weight percent chromium are disclosed for sputtering absorbing coatings of silicon-chromium alloy in atmospheres comprising inert gas, reactive gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and mixtures thereof which may further comprise inert gas, such as argon, to form nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides as well as metallic films. The presence of chromium in the cathode target provides target stability and enhanced sputtering rates over targets of silicon alone, comparable to the target stability and sputtering rates of silicon-nickel, for sputtering in oxygen, inert gas, nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. The chromium in the target may be replaced in part with nickel to produce coatings of silicon-chromium-nickel and the oxides, nitrides and oxynitrides thereof.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1997Date of Patent: April 2, 2002Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.Inventor: James J. Finley
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Patent number: 6348113Abstract: High purity tantalum metals and alloys containing the same are described. The tantalum metal preferably has a purity of at least 99.995% and more preferably at least 99.999%. In addition, tantalum metal and alloys thereof are described, which either have a grain size of about 50 microns or less, or a texture in which a (100) intensity within any 5% increment of thickness is less than about 15 random, or an incremental log ratio of (111):(100) intensity of greater than about −4.0, or any combination of these properties. Also described are articles and components made from the tantalum metal which include, but are not limited to, sputtering targets, capacitor cans, resistive film layers, wire, and the like. Also disclosed is a process for making the high purity metal which includes the step of reacting a salt-containing tantalum with at least one compound capable of reducing this salt to tantalum powder and a second salt in a reaction container.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1998Date of Patent: February 19, 2002Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Christopher A. Michaluk, Louis E. Huber, Mark N. Kawchak, James D. Maguire
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Patent number: 6270593Abstract: Mn alloy materials for magnetic materials contain 500 ppm or less, preferably 100 ppm or less, oxygen, 100 ppm or less, probably 20 ppm or less, sulfur, and preferably a total of 1000 ppm or less, more preferably 500 ppm or less, impurities (elements other than Mn and the alloying component). The alloying component that forms an alloy with Mn is one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ir, Pt, pd, Rh, Ru, Ni, Cr and Co. Sputtering targets formed from the Mn alloy materials for use in depositing magnetic thin film, and the thin films so produced.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1998Date of Patent: August 7, 2001Assignee: Japan Energy CorporationInventors: Yuichiro Shindo, Tsuneo Suzuki
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Publication number: 20010008206Abstract: Silicon-chromium cathode targets comprising 5 to 80 weight percent chromium are disclosed for sputtering absorbing coatings of silicon-chromium alloy in atmospheres comprising inert gas, reactive gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and mixtures thereof which may further comprise inert gas, such as argon, to form nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides as well as metallic films. The presence of chromium in the cathode target in the range of 5 to 80 weight percent provides target stability and enhanced sputtering rates over targets of silicon alone, comparable to the target stability and sputtering rates of silicon-nickel, not only when sputtering in oxygen to produce an oxide coating, but also when sputtering in inert gas, nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen to produce coatings of silicon-chromium, silicon-chromium nitride or silicon-chromium oxynitride respectively.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 8, 1997Publication date: July 19, 2001Inventor: JAMES J FINLEY
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Patent number: 6245164Abstract: Dual phase alloys of chromium containing 2 to 11 atomic percent tantalum with minor amounts of Mo, Cr, Ti, Y, La, Cr, Si and Ge are disclosed. These alloys contain two phases including Laves phase and Cr-rich solid solution in either eutectic structures or dispersed Laves phase particles in the Cr-rich solid solution matrix. The alloys have superior mechanical properties at high temperature and good oxidation resistance when heated to above 1000° C. in air.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1999Date of Patent: June 12, 2001Assignee: U T Battelle, LLCInventors: Chain T. Liu, Michael P. Brady, Jiahong Zhu, Peter F. Tortorelli
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Patent number: 6238494Abstract: Described is a polycrystalline, metallic sputtering target with a minimum of statically crystallized grain size difference in grain size at any location of less than about ±3%, as well as a dispersion in orientation content ratio of textures of less than about ±4% at any location.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1999Date of Patent: May 29, 2001Assignee: Johnson Matthey Electronics Inc.Inventor: Vladimir Segal
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Patent number: 6210497Abstract: A super heat-resisting molybdenum-based alloy is disclosed. The alloy includes two or more alloying elements, the type and amount of the alloying elements being determined such that their average d-orbital energy level (average Md) and average bond order (average Bo) satisfy the following formula (3) and such that Tm is in the range of 2250-2700° C. in the following formula (4), the average Md and Bo being calculated by the formulas (1) and (2), and the bond order (Bo) with molybdenum and a d-orbital energy level being determined by the DV−X&agr; cluster method: Average Bo=&Sgr;Boi×C1 (1) Average Md=&Sgr;Mdi×Ci (2) 1.718≦average Md≦1.881 (3) Tm(°C.)=(average Bo−0.165×average Md−4.899)/9.279×10−5 (4) wherein, Boi is a bond order of element “i”, Mdi is a d-orbital energy level of element “i”, and C1 is an atomic percent of element “i”.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1999Date of Patent: April 3, 2001Assignees: Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu Jigyodan, Toyohashi University of TechnologyInventors: Junichi Saito, Yoshiaki Tachi, Shigeki Kano, Masahiko Morinaga, Yoshinori Murata, Satoshi Inoue, Mitsuaki Furui
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Patent number: 6193778Abstract: A method for forming dendritic metal powders, comprising the steps of: (1) heating a powder comprising non-dendritic particles, under conditions suitable for initial stage sintering, to form a lightly sintered material; and (2) breaking the lightly sintered material to form a powder comprising dendritic particles. In one embodiment, the lightly sintered material is broken by brushing the material through a screen. Another aspect of the present invention comprises the dendritic particles that are produced by the method described above. These particles can comprise any suitable metal, such as transition metals, rare earth metals, main group metals or metalloids or an alloy of two or more such metals. The particles can also comprise a ceramic material, such as a metal oxide. These particles are characterized by a dendritic, highly anisotropic, morphology arising from the fusion of substantially non-dendritic particles, and by a low apparent density relative to the substantially non-dendritic starting material.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1998Date of Patent: February 27, 2001Assignee: Millipore CorporationInventors: Robert S. Zeller, Christopher J. Vroman
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Patent number: 6190466Abstract: The invention relates to non-sag tungsten wire for being used in light sources or heating elements, which tungsten wire is prepared from a tungsten block by powder metallurgy process with thermomechanical technique, and has an overlapped crystal structure after recrystallization and contains a dopant material. The essential feature of the tungsten wire according to the invention is that as the dopant material, it contains at least one of the following additive materials: lanthanum/III/oxide, cerium dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1997Date of Patent: February 20, 2001Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Jozsef Apagyi, Istvan Meszaros, Gyorgy Nagy, Robert J. Arena, Milan R. Vukcevich
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Patent number: 6106765Abstract: Purification process for chromium metal is conducted on chromium metal powder which has been compacted without additives at a pressure of at least 50,000 psi (35.times.10.sup.7 Pa) into a compacted body having a critical diffusion dimension of less than or equal to 25 mm. The purification process uses a hydrogen gas treatment at a temperature of 1200.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C. for a period of 2 hours to 10 hours using 0.8 m.sup.3 per Kg chromium metal of hydrogen gas or more. The hydrogen treated chromium metal compacted body is then further treated under vacuum at a pressure less than or equal to 100 .mu.m of Hg (15 Pa) at 1200.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C. for 2 hours to 10 hours. The combined hydrogen and vacuum treatment reduces the oxygen, carbon, sulfur and nitrogen impurities in the chromium metal and results in a chromium metal suitable for metallurgical and electronic applications.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1999Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: Eramet Marietta Inc.Inventors: Young Lee, Stephen Houser, Gregory Noland, Andrew Arnold
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Patent number: 6090227Abstract: Structural units which come into contact with glass melts and ceramic melts are exposed to strong corrosive attack. Molybdenum is a known material for glass melt electrodes but it is not usable for the majority of highly corrosive glass and ceramic melts. The use of a special molybdenum and/or tungsten alloy as the material for the structural unit reduces corrosion even in the case of contact with highly corrosive glass and ceramic melts.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1998Date of Patent: July 18, 2000Assignee: Schwarzkopf Technologies Corp.Inventors: Gerhard Leichtfried, Hans-Peter Martinz, Joachim Disam
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Patent number: 6010580Abstract: A composite penetrator has a plurality of dispersed high aspect ratio bodies of refractory heavy metal such as tungsten wires. A matrix of metal surrounds and wets the dispersed bodies for forming an integral penetrator. The matrix metal is characterized by having localized shear band deformation when strained. The heavy metal is selected from the group consisting of tungsten, tantalum, hafnium, uranium and alloys thereof. A variety of matrix alloys may be used which will remain amorphous or microcrystalline in an object as large as the penetrator when cooled from the molten state. An exemplary amorphous alloy comprises 41.25 atomic percent zirconium, 41.25% titanium, 13.75% copper, 12.5% nickel and 22.5% beryllium.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1997Date of Patent: January 4, 2000Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Richard B. Dandliker, Robert D. Conner, Michael A. Tenhover, William L. Johnson
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Patent number: 5939664Abstract: A tungsten heavy alloy composition comprising tungsten, iron and elements selected from the groups X, Y and Z and having the formula W.sub.100-p Fe.sub.i X.sub.j Y.sub.k Z.sub.l. Such that "X" is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn and Co; "Y" is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo and V; "Z" is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of C, Si, Ti and Al; "i" ranges from 5 to 19.5 weight percent; "j" ranges from 0.05 to 6 weight percent; "k" ranges from 0.15 to 5 weight percent; "l" ranges from 0.05 to 4 weight percent; and "p" is the mathematical sum of i, j, k and l, and ranges from 7 to 20 such that "100-p" ranges from 93 to 80 weight percent. The blended powder mixture thus formed is hot consolidated to full density. The hot consolidated blended powder mixture is subjected to a hardening heat treatment.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1997Date of Patent: August 17, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventor: Deepak Kapoor
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Patent number: 5919321Abstract: A novel metal silicide target material is provided which can effectively restrict the occurrence of fine particles. The target material has a structure comprising metal silicide and free silicon, which material has a relative density more than 100% which relative density is defined by a ratio of a true density of the target material to a theoretical density obtained by calculation, and free silicon portions in the structure of the target material which free silicon portions are provided with Vickers hardness less than 1,100 or which free silicon portions are provided with dislocation-undetectable areas each having a diameter not less than 1 .mu.m. Further, it is desirable that a rupture load evaluated by acoustic emission at which rupture load there occurs rupture in a scratching test of the surface of target material by acoustic emission is not less than 50N.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1997Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.Inventor: Eiji Hirakawa