Abstract: In certain embodiments, a material comprising one or more semiconductive substances is vaporized to generate a vapor phase condensate. The vapor phase condensate is allowed to form nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are annealed to yield substantially spherical nanoparticles.

Abstract: With regard to a surface hardening method wherein a surface of an engine member is coated with an alloy layer having high abrasive resistance so as to improve the life of the member and a production method of a piston or the like wherein abrasive resistance of the member is improved by the hardening method, a surface of a metal base material is coated uniformly with a mixture including metal powder, a binder and a solvent so as to form a coat, and the coat is dried and applied thereon with a laser or electron beam so as to be sintered and dispersed for forming an alloy layer on a surface of the metal base material and for bonding the alloy layer to the metal base material.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for controlling of the microstructures of a soldered, brazed, welded, plated, cast, or vapor deposited manufactured component. The systems typically use relatively weak magnetic fields of either constant or varying flux to affect material properties within a manufactured component, typically without modifying the alloy, or changing the chemical composition of materials or altering the time, temperature, or transformation parameters of a manufacturing process. Such systems and processes may be used with components consisting of only materials that are conventionally characterized as be uninfluenced by magnetic forces.

Abstract: A method of recycling ruthenium (Ru) and Ru-based alloys comprises steps of: providing a solid body of Ru or a Ru-based alloy; segmenting the body to form a particulate material; removing contaminants, including Fe, from the particulate material; reducing the sizes of the particulate material to form a powder material; removing contaminants, including Fe, from the powder material; reducing oxygen content of the powder material to below a predetermined level to form a purified powder material; and removing particles greater than a predetermined size from the purified powder material. The purified powder material may be utilized for forming deposition sources, e.g., sputtering targets.

Abstract: A method of producing three-dimensional bodies which wholly or for selected parts consist of amorphous metal. A metal powder layer (4) is applied to a heat-conducting base (1, 13), and a limited area of the layer is melted by a radiation gun (5) and the area is cooled so that the melted area solidifies into amorphous metal. The melting process is successively repeated on new limited areas of the powder layer until a continuous layer of amorphous metal is formed. A new powder layer is applied and the method is repeated, the new layer being fused to underlying amorphous metal for successive construction of the three-dimensional body. The heat-conducting base can be a worktable or a body of amorphous metal or crystalline metal to which amorphous metal is added.

Abstract: An iron-carbon master alloy is described, with a C content of 0.3 to 8 wt % and an upper limit of alloying metals Ni<10 wt %, P<4 wt %, Cr<5 wt %, preferably<1 wt %, Mn<5 wt %, preferably<1 wt %, Mo<3 wt %, W<3 wt %, Cu<1 wt %, a particle size of >20 ?m and a hardness of <350 HV 0.01, and a method for the manufacture of said master alloy.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metallic component includes atomizing, in an inert atmosphere, a metallic liquid having at least one rare-earth element and at least one non rare-earth element to form a metallic powder. A series of heat treating steps are performed on the metallic powder. A first heat treating step is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere, and a second heat treating step is performed in an inert atmosphere. A third heat treating step is performed in a reducing atmosphere to form a metallic power having an increased proportion of rare-earth oxides compared to non rare-earth oxides. The metallic component is formed from the metallic powder having the increased proportion of rare-earth oxides compared to non rare-earth oxides.

Abstract: The present invention provides a powder magnetic core low in the loss and high in the saturation magnetic flux density and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention provides a powder magnetic core that comprises a soft magnetic metal powder having an average particle size (D50) of 0.5 to 5 ?m, a half width of diffraction peak in a <110> direction of ?-Fe as measured by X-ray powder diffraction of 0.2 to 5.0°, and an Fe content of 97.0% by mass or more, the core having an oxygen content of 2.0% by mass or more.

Abstract: A metallic article is produced by furnishing one or more nonmetallic precursor compound comprising the metallic constituent element(s), and chemically reducing the nonmetallic precursor compound(s) to produce an initial metallic particle, preferably having a size of no greater than about 0.070 inch, without melting the initial metallic particle. The initial metallic particle is thereafter melted and solidified to produce the metallic article. By this approach, the incidence of chemical defects in the metal article is minimized. The melted-and-solidified metal may be used in the as-cast form, or it may be converted to billet and further worked to the final form.

Abstract: A process for producing a low-oxygen metal powder, comprising passing a raw metal powder coated by hot melting of a hydrocarbon organic compound through thermal plasma flame composed mainly of an inert gas so as to reduce the content of oxygen in the raw metal powder. Preferably, the obtained metal powder is subjected to heat treatment in vacuum or hydrogen atmosphere. Preferred example of the hydrocarbon organic compound is stearic acid.

Abstract: A method for producing a tungsten trioxide powder for a photocatalyst according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a sublimation step for obtaining a tungsten trioxide powder by subliming a tungsten metal powder or a tungsten compound powder by using inductively coupled plasma process in an oxygen atmosphere, and a heat treatment step for heat-treating the tungsten trioxide powder obtained in the sublimation step at 300° C. to 1000° C. for 10 minutes to 2 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere. A tungsten trioxide powder which is obtained by the method for producing a tungsten trioxide powder for a photocatalyst according to the present invention has excellent photocatalytic performance under visible light.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed comprising mercury, titanium, copper and one or more of tin, chromium and silicon, useful for the release of mercury in applications requiring the same, in particular in fluorescent lamps. A process for the preparation of these compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: There are provided a nickel powder or an alloy powder comprising nickel as a main component, in which the nickel powder or the alloy powder has an average particle size D50 of 30 to 300 nm, a diffraction peak from the (111) plane of the nickel powder or the alloy powder measured by an X-ray diffraction method has a half width of 0.5° or less, and the ratio of a specific surface area A measured by a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method to the theoretical value B of a specific surface area corresponding to the average particle size D50 of the nickel powder or the alloy powder is 3 or less, and a method for producing the nickel powder or the alloy powder. Furthermore, there are provided a conductive paste that contains an organic vehicle and the nickel powder or the alloy powder comprising nickel as a main component, the organic vehicle and the nickel powder or the alloy powder serving as main components, and a laminated ceramic capacitor that includes an internal electrode layer made from the conductive paste.

Abstract: The present invention demonstrates a superior, more economical, and scalable process to increase the fluidity of metal powders by surface modification with alkylsilane reagents. This invention discloses that the most efficient process results from treatment with methyltrichlorosilane in hexane. In particular, the fluidity of aluminum powders having mean diameters smaller than 10 micrometers was considerably improved by the process of the present invention. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of the claims.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wear resistant iron-based powder, suitable for the production of pressed and sintered components, comprising 10-20% by weight of Cr, 0.5-5% by weight of Mo and 1-2% by weight of C. The powder is characterised in that it includes pre-alloyed water atomized iron-based powder particles and chromium carbide particles diffusion bonded onto said pre-alloyed powder particles. The invention also relates to a method of producing this powder.

Abstract: When starting raw material powder is passed through a pair of rolls (2a), plastic working is applied to the starting raw material powder, and the crystal grain diameter of a metal or alloy constituting a matrix of the powder particle after processed is miniaturized. According to the thus provided alloy powder raw material, the maximum size of the powder particle is not more than 10 mm and the minimum size of the powder particle is not less than 0.1 mm, and the maximum crystal grain diameter of the metal or alloy constituting the matrix of the powder particle is not more than 30 ?m.

Abstract: A flake powder for an electromagnetic wave absorber and a method of manufacturing the flake powder are described. The flake powder is made-up of nano-sized metals and pores forming a flake body having a composite structure formed by aggregation of nano-sized magnetic metals. The method includes the steps of preparing a metal oxide; milling the metal oxide into nano-sized powder; reducing the milled metal oxide powder to form a magnetic metal powder; flaking the reduced magnetic metal powder; and heat treating the flaked magnetic metal powder to relieve residual stress thereof.

Abstract: An elongated rod assembly is made by preparing a plurality of rods. Each rod is prepared by the steps of furnishing at least one nonmetallic precursor compound, thereafter chemically reducing the precursor compounds to produce the metallic material, and thereafter consolidating the metallic material to form the rod, wherein the rod has a rod length equal to the assembly length. The rods are bundled together to form a bundled rod assembly. The rod assembly may be used as a consumable feedstock in a melting-and-casting operation.

Abstract: A method of producing a high strength, high stiffness and high ductility titanium alloy, comprising combining the titanium alloy with boron so that the boron concentration in the boron-modified titanium alloy does not exceed the eutectic limit. The carbon concentration of the boron-modified titanium alloy is maintained below a predetermined limit to avoid embrittlement. The boron-modified alloy is heated to a temperature above the beta transus temperature to eliminate any supersaturated excess boron. The boron-modified titanium alloy is deformed at a speed slow enough to prevent microstructural damage and reduced ductility.

Abstract: High strength heat treatable aluminum alloys that can be used at temperatures from about ?420° F. (?251° C.) up to about 650° F. (343° C.) are described. The alloys are strengthened by dispersion of particles based on the L12 intermetallic compound Al3X. These alloys comprise aluminum, copper, magnesium, at least one of scandium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium; and at least one of gadolinium, yttrium, zirconium, titanium, hafnium, and niobium.

Abstract: A nanopowder and a method of making are disclosed. The nanopowder may be in the form of nanoparticles with an average size of less than about 200 nm and contain a reactive transition metal, such as hafnium, zirconium, or titanium. The nanopowder can be formed in a liquid under sonication by reducing a halide of the transition metal.

Abstract: Hard phase particles including Co alloy particles, carbide alloy particles, and silicide particles are dispersed substantially uniformly throughout a matrix composed of Cu self-fluxing alloy of a cladded portion. The cladded portion contains 6 to 15% by weight of Co, 3 to 8% by weight of one of Cr and Mo, 0.3 to 1% by weight of W, 0.5 to 1.8% by weight of Fe, 8 to 15% by weight of Ni, 0.08 to 0.2% by weight of C, 1.5 to 4% by weight of Si, 0.5 to 0.8% by weight of Al, and 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of P, and inevitable impurities and Cu as a balance. The hard phase particles have an average particle diameter of 8 to 20 ?m and a particle size distribution width of 0.1 to 100 ?m, and to occupy 10 to 20% in an arbitrary cross section of the cladded portion.

Abstract: An annealed pre-alloyed water atomised iron-based powder suitable for the production of pressed and sintered components having high wear resistance is provided. The iron-based powder comprises 10-below 18% by weight of Cr, 0.5-5% by weight of each of at least one of Mo, W, V and Nb, and 0.5-2%, preferably 0.7-2% and most preferably 1-2% by weight of C. The powder has a matrix comprising less than 10% by weight of Cr, and comprises large M23C6-type carbides in combination with M7C3-type carbides. A method for production of the iron-based powder, a method for producing a pressed and sintered component having high wear resistance, and a component having high wear resistance are provided.

Abstract: The invention makes public an environment-friendly non-noise matte granulation technique. Melted matte flows out from the chute, then gas is sprayed on the matte through spray facilities; the gas disperses the melted matte into a large amount of tiny liquid drops, and cools the dispersed tiny drops to semi-melted or solid copper grains; in the following dropping course, the copper grains are quenched by pressurized cold water; finally, copper grains drop to the cold-water pond along with the pressurized cold water for further cooling, and the produced sand-like mattes are sent to the next procedure through dehydration-and-transportation system. It can overcome explosion and prevent chemical reaction in quenching, reduce noise pollution, and has the properties of simple procedure and easy operation to settle the problems existed in water quenching of matte.

Abstract: A method for producing high strength aluminum alloy containing L12 intermetallic dispersoids by using gas atomization to produce powder that is then consolidated into L12 aluminum alloy billets or by casting the alloy into molds to produce L12 aluminum alloy billets or by casting the alloy into directly useable parts.

Abstract: A nanocomposite comprising a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed in a molybdenum-based matrix, and an x-ray tube component formed from such a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite contains volume fraction of nanoparticle dispersoids in a range from about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent. A method of making such molybdenum-based nanocomposites is also disclosed.

Abstract: The producing unit for continuously producing metal microparticles formed of a multicomponent alloy accompanied by the generation of a byproduct gas through an early reaction of the formation of the metal particles comprises a first mixing unit for continuously supplying and mixing a plurality of solutions for conducting the early reaction, a second mixing unit for continuously supplying another solution to the reaction liquid containing the metal microparticles formed in the early reaction and for mixing the two solutions, to introduce dissimilar metal atoms into the crystal lattices of the metal microparticles, and a gas-liquid separation unit that is installed in a midway of the pipe which is made so as to have enough length to finish the early reaction, and which continuously passes the reaction liquid to the second mixing unit from the first mixing unit, and that continuously removes the byproduct gas generated with the proceeding of the early reaction.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed comprising mercury, titanium, copper and one or more of tin, chromium and silicon, useful for the release of mercury in applications requiring the same, in particular in fluorescent lamps. A process for the preparation of these compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: A powder for use in the powder metallurgical manufacture of components is provided. Particularly the subject matter concerns an iron or iron based powder intended for the powder metallurgical manufacturing of components. It is especially suitable for manufacturing of components wherein self-lubricating properties are desired. The subject matter further relates to a method of manufacturing a component from said powder and an accordingly produced component. A diffusion-bonded powder comprising iron or iron-based particles, and particles diffusion-bonded to the iron or iron-based particles is provided. The said particles diffusion-bonded to the iron or iron-based particles may comprise an alloy of Cu and 5% to 15% by weight of Sn. A component is provided which is at least partly formed from such a diffusion-bonded powder.

Abstract: A diffusion alloyed iron powder is provided wherein tungsten W is bonded to the surfaces of the particles of an iron or iron-based powder, and wherein the diffusion alloyed iron powder comprises by weight-%: 30-60 W, with the balance being essentially only iron and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A nickel powder exhibits superior oxidation behavior, reduction behavior and sintering behavior in a production process for a multilayer ceramic capacitor and is suitable for the capacitor; a production method therefor is also provided. The nickel powder, which may be used as a raw material, is treated with a sulfur-containing compound, and the sulfur-containing compound is coated on the surface thereof, or alternatively, a nickel-sulfur compound layer is formed on the surface thereof.

Abstract: A method of repairing a crack in a component comprising a base material, in particular in a gas turbine blade, a suspension, which comprises a carrier liquid and at least one solid in the form of nanoparticles of the same material as the base material, being applied to the location to be repaired. A heat treatment of the component is carried out, the solid in the form of nanoparticles being melted and a bond with the base material being formed. During the heat treatment, the component is exposed to a thermal shock, in which a maximum temperature which corresponds to the melting temperature of the nanoparticles is reached. The nano size of the particles in the suspension causes a lowering of the melting point of these particles to take place, so that the structure of the base material does not change even at the melting temperature of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention is a novel photo-induced method for converting large quantities of silver nanospheres into nanoprisms, the nanoprisms formed by this method and applications in which the nanoprisms are useful. Significantly, this light driven process results in a colloid with a unique set of optical properties that directly relate to the nanoprism shape of the particles. Theoretical calculations coupled with experimental observations allow for the assignment of the nanoprism plasmon bands and the first identification of two distinct quadrupole plasmon resonances for a nanoparticle. Finally, unlike the spherical particles from which they derive and which Rayleigh light scatter in the blue, these nanoprisms exhibit scattering in the red, permitting multicolor diagnostic labels based not only on nanoparticle composition and size but also on shape.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that serve to both darken a zinc or other active! metal surface and impart corrosion-resistant properties thereto, are disclosed. The compositions include an aqueous solution containing about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent ammonium chloride and about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent ammonium molybdate. The compositions utilize particular ratios of concentrations of ammonium chloride and ammonium molybdate.

Abstract: A water atomized Fe powder for a magnetic compact reduced in deformation resistance during molding and annealing temperature for removing strains is provided. A compact having improved magnetic properties is also provided. The water atomized powder containing at least one element selected from Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and V in an amount of 0.001-0.03 atom % is soft magnetic and has a precipitation in the matrix, which is composed of at least one element selected from Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and V and oxygen as a main component and has an average size of 0.02-0.5 ?m. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a soft magnetic powder includes adding at least one element selected from Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and V, and annealing in a hydrogen-containing reduction atmosphere. This method decrease gaseous impurities, particularly oxygen, and defuse it, to improve the magnetic properties of the powder and compact.

Abstract: The present invention includes particle compositions and methods of fabrication that prevent agglomeration, thereby maintaining particle size and/or shape. Particles of the present invention were prepared after embedding chemically disordered metal-containing particles in at least one salt to form a dispersion. The dispersion of particles in salt was treated to temperatures of at least about 500 degrees Centigrade for several hours. Particles were easily recovered from the dispersion and did not agglomerate. The particles were also absent contaminating salts after performing simple washing and/or rinsing steps. Structural, compositional and/or magnetic characterizations of the metal-containing particles confirmed that they had not agglomerated. When particles with an fcc structure formed a dispersion with at least one salt, the method yielded the formation of particles having an fct structure with high magnetic anisotropy and without a substantial change in size and/or shape.

Abstract: High temperature aluminum alloys that can be used at temperatures from about ?420° F. (?251° C.) up to about 650° F. (343° C.) are described. The alloys are strengthened by dispersion of particles based on the L12 intermetallic compound Al3X. These alloys comprise aluminum, at least one of nickel, iron and chromium; at least one of scandium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium, and at least one of gadolinium, yttrium, zirconium, titanium, hafnium, and niobium.

Abstract: Provided are silver-containing powders and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the silver-containing particles of high quality, of a small size and narrow size distribution. An aerosol is generated from liquid feed and sent to a furnace, where liquid in droplets in the aerosol is vaporized to permit formation of the desired particles, which are then collected in a particle collector. The aerosol generation involves preparation of a high quality aerosol, with a narrow droplet size distribution, with close control over droplet size and with a high droplet loading suitable for commercial applications.

Abstract: A method for recovering a catalyst for a fuel cell includes a collection step in which a catalyst is collected by attracting, using a magnetic force, a magnetic material contained in at least one of the catalyst and a carrier on which the catalyst is supported. A system for recovering a catalyst for a fuel cell includes a collection device that attracts, using a magnetic force, a magnetic material contained in at least one of a catalyst and a carrier on which the catalyst is supported.

Abstract: A method and process for at least partially forming a medical device that is at least partially formed of a novel metal alloy which improves the physical properties of the medical device.

Abstract: A method and process for at least partially forming a medical device that is at least partially formed of a novel metal alloy which improves the physical properties of the medical device.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a porous or partially porous three-dimensional metal article for use as a tissue ingrowth surface on a prosthesis. The porous article is formed using direct laser remelting in a cross section of a layer of metallic powder on a build platform without fusing thereto. The power, speed, spot size and beam overlap of the scanning laser is coordinated so that a predetermined porosity of the metallic powder can be achieved. Laser factors also vary depending from the thickness of the powder layer, type of metallic powder and size and size distribution of the powder particles. Successive depositing and remelting of individual layers are repeated until the article is fully formed by a layer-by-layer fashion. In an additional embodiment, a first layer of metallic powder may be deposited on a solid base or core and fused thereto.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of preparing a metal matrix composite, and a coating layer and bulk prepared by using the same and in particular, it provides a method of preparing a metal matrix composite, which comprises the steps of providing a substrate; preparing a mixed powder comprising i) a first metal powder comprising a metal, alloy or mixture particle thereof, ii) a second metal powder comprising an intermetallic compound forming metal particle which forms an intermetallic compound along with the metal or the alloy element of the alloy, and iii) a ceramic powder comprising a ceramic or mixture particle thereof; injecting the mixed powder prepared above into a spray nozzle for coating; coating the mixed powder on the surface of the substrate by accelerating the mixed powder in the state of non-fusion at a speed of 300 to 1,200 m/s by the flow of transportation gas flowing in the spray nozzle; and forming the intermetallic compound by the thermal treatment of the coated coating layer, and a coating l

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of nickel nanoparticles using an organic solution, including dispersing nickel nanoparticles in a reductive organic solvent to obtain homogeneity; heating the dispersion of nickel nanoparticles; and separating the solution after treatment, washing and drying. Nickel nanoparticles treated by this method are preferably substantially free of impurities remaining on particle surfaces and thus have smooth surfaces and increased tap density, and the use thereof enables efficient production of a multi-layer ceramic capacitor.

Abstract: A method for producing a substrate having a carbon-doped titanium oxide layer, which is excellent in durability (high hardness, scratch resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance) and functions as a visible light responding photocatalyst, is provided. The surface of a substrate, which has at least a surface layer comprising titanium, a titanium alloy, a titanium alloy oxide, or titanium oxide, is heat-treated in a combustion gas atmosphere of a gas consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon, or in a gas atmosphere consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon, such that the surface temperature of the substrate is 900 to 1,500° C.; or a combustion flame of a gas consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon, is directly struck against the surface of the substrate for heat treatment such that the surface temperature of the substrate is 900 to 1,500° C., thereby forming a carbon-doped titanium oxide layer, whereby the substrate having the carbon-doped titanium oxide layer is obtained.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing an energetic metastable nano-composite material. Under pre-selected milling conditions a mixture of powdered components are reactively milled. These components will spontaneously react at a known duration of the pre-selected milling conditions. The milling is stopped at a time at which the components have been compositionally homogenized to produce nanocomposite powder, but prior to said known duration, and thereby before the spontaneous reaction occurs. The milled powder is recovered as a highly reactive nanostructured composite for subsequent use by controllably initiating destabilization thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing a magnetic powder which is sufficiently reduced in core losses such as iron loss and hysteresis loss and has sufficient strength; and a process for producing a dust core. The process for magnetic powder production comprises using a magnetic-material powder produced by water atomization as a raw powder and subjecting the powder to spheroidizing in which a mechanical impact is applied to the powder to spheroidize the powder particles. After the spheroidizing, the powder is subjected to a grain enlarging treatment in which the powder is annealed at a temperature not lower than the austenite transformation point. The process for dust core production comprises compacting the magnetic powder thus produced.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of conductive paste comprising arranging process (S20 to S23) of ceramics particles, arranging process (S10 to S14) of wetted metal particles, forming process (S30) of slurry wherein metal particles and ceramics particles are mixed and dispersion treatment process (S32) by applying collision to the slurry. The arranging process of wetted metal particles comprises, a process (S12) of adding solvent, compatible with organic component in conductive paste and incompatible with water, to undried water washed metal particles, a process (S18) of adding surfactant, a process (S14) of separating water from the metal particles and a process (S15) of adding acetone or the other second solvent.

Abstract: A method of producing a refractory metal powder that includes providing a metal powder containing magnesium tantalate or magnesium niobate; and heating the powder in an inert atmosphere in the presence of magnesium, calcium and/or aluminum to a temperature sufficient to remove magnesium tantalate or magnesium niobate from the powder and/or heating the powder under vacuum to a temperature sufficient to remove magnesium tantalate or magnesium niobate from the powder, the heating steps being performed in any order. The metal powder can be formed into pellets at an appropriate sintering temperature, which can be formed into electrolytic capacitors.

Abstract: Inorganic compositions were prepared by melt spinning. An inorganic melt was sent to a spinning wheel. As the melt contacts the wheel, it cools and is converted into a solid composition. A melt prepared from lanthanum halide powder and cerium halide powder was converted to a scintillator product of nanoparticles embedded in a glassy matrix.