Abstract: An incendiary capsule 10 has a body 14 forming a single compartment containing a first part 18 of a two part ignition system and a quantity of a pyrotechnic heat source (PHS) 16. The capsule 10 is initiated by injecting, when ready for use, a quantity of a second part of the two part ignition system. The ignition system generates sufficient heat to initiate the PHS 16, which burns at a substantially higher temperature than the ignition system.

Abstract: An explosive device is described herein, wherein the explosive device includes a substrate that has a surface, wherein surface energy of a portion of the surface of the substrate has been modified in a vacuum chamber from a first surface energy to a second surface energy. The explosive device additionally includes explosive material that has been deposited on the surface of the substrate in the vacuum chamber by way of physical vapor deposition (PVD), wherein the explosive material is deposited on the portion of the surface of the substrate subsequent to the surface energy of the portion of the surface of the substrate being modified from the first surface energy to the second surface energy.

Abstract: A system and method of hydraulic fracturing, including providing a fracturing fluid having a nitrite-containing compound through a wellbore into a subterranean formation to hydraulically fracture the subterranean formation, thereby forming fractures in the subterranean formation. The technique includes generating nitrogen gas (and thus foam) in the fractures via the nitrite-containing compound, and in which generating the nitrogen gas facilitates flowback.

Abstract: A high energy explosive having reduced shock sensitivity for tactical weapon platforms to increase the safety margins to the warfighter if the weapon became involved in an unplanned event on the battlefield. The high energy explosive having a reduced crystalline particle size below about 30 microns, preferably 10 microns, and coated with a thermoplastic elastomer, which is capable of being compressed into a warhead configuration and attached to a weapon. The high energy explosive having a greater than 25% reduction in shock sensitivity compared to the same crystalline energetic material without undergoing size reduction prior to being coated.

Abstract: A slurry production apparatus includes: a mixing device (including a dispersion mixing section) that mixes a liquid and a powder to produce a slurry; a powder supply device that supplies the powder to the mixing device; a powder dry box that accommodates an opening portion of the powder supply device; and a first dry booth that accommodates the mixing device and the powder dry box.

Abstract: An explosive device is described herein, wherein the explosive device includes a substrate that has a surface, wherein surface energy of a portion of the surface of the substrate has been modified in a vacuum chamber from a first surface energy to a second surface energy. The explosive device additionally includes explosive material that has been deposited on the surface of the substrate in the vacuum chamber by way of physical vapor deposition (PVD), wherein the explosive material is deposited on the portion of the surface of the substrate subsequent to the surface energy of the portion of the surface of the substrate being modified from the first surface energy to the second surface energy.

Abstract: Controllers and methods of bulk explosive loading systems are disclosed. A controller of a bulk explosive loading system includes a communication interface configured to communicate with a human-machine interface (HMI). The HMI is configured to execute a software program configured to enable the HMI to receive user inputs from a user. The controller also includes control outputs to output control signals to electrically controllable components. The controller further includes sensor inputs configured to receive sensor signals from sensors configured to monitor the bulk explosive loading system. The controller also includes a processor configured to process recipe information received from the HMI, generate the control signals based on the recipe information to control the electrically controllable components to blend the mixture, process the sensor signals received during blending of the mixture, and transmit blending information to the HMI device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cast explosive composition, particularly to a pre-cure castable explosive composition comprising an explosive material, a polymerisable binder, a microencapsulated cross linking reagent, said microencapsulated cross linking reagent, comprising a cross linking agent encapsulated in a microcapsule.

Abstract: A method of producing DEMN eutectic comprises reacting a reactant mixture comprising ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine with aqueous nitric acid to form a reaction mixture comprising diethylentriamine trinitrate and ethylenediamine dinitrate. The reaction mixture is combined with methylnitroguanidine and nitroguanidine to form an aqueous slurry. Water is removed from the aqueous slurry. A method of producing an energetic composition, and a system for producing DEMN eutectic are also described.

Abstract: Formulations of reactive materials, such as aluminum, magnesium and alloys thereof, with combustible additives such as wood derivatives or charcoal, provide a composition for neutralizing energetic materials via combustion. Specifically, explosive substances such as ammonium nitrate and urea nitrate, which are commonly used as homemade explosives, are rapidly incinerated in a non-propagating manner by the contact with burning reactive material formulations.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to compositions with solid fuel loaded on graphene foams (GFs) for enhanced burn rates, and methods of making and using the compositions with solid fuel loaded on graphene foam.

Abstract: A well treatment additive includes a siloxane surfactant, a solvent and an aqueous phase. The solvent is preferably a terpene hydrocarbon. Also disclosed is a method for using the well treatment additive to form and enhance the properties of terpene solvent based additives useful for the treatment of oil and gas wells. Methods of using the novel well treatment additives include using the additives in a variety of well treatment processes including, but not limited to, acidizing operations, hydraulic fracturing operations, well remediation operations and water removal operations.

Abstract: A composition that includes a fuel and a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is disclosed. The composition may be used as a flare composition in a countermeasure device. Countermeasure devices including the flare composition are also disclosed, as are methods of forming grains of the countermeasure device.

Abstract: A method of additively manufacturing propellant elements, such as for rocket motors, includes partially curing a propellant mixture before extruding or otherwise dispensing the material, such that the extruded propellant material is deposited on the element in a partially-cured state. The curing process for the partially-cured extruded material may be completed shortly after the material is put into place, for example by the material being heated at or above its cure temperature, such that it finishes curing before it fully cools. The propellant material may be prepared by first mixing together, a fuel, an oxidizer, and a binder, such as in an acoustic mixer. After that mixing a curative may be added to the mixture. The propellant mixture may then be directed to an extruder (or other dispenser), in which the mixture is heated to or above a cure temperature prior to the deposition, and then deposited.

Abstract: Provided is an emulsion matrix ground station with intrinsic safety, which relates to the technical field of emulsion matrix preparation process and apparatus of mobile ground auxiliary equipment in civil explosive industry. The emulsion matrix ground station may include a water phase tank, an oil phase tank, a water phase pump, an oil phase pump and a static emulsification device. The water phase pump may have an inlet connected to an outlet of the water phase tank by a pipeline, and an outlet connected to a water phase inlet of the static emulsification device by a pipeline. The oil phase pump may have an inlet connected to an outlet of the oil phase tank by a pipeline, and an outlet connected to an oil phase inlet of the static emulsification device by a pipeline.

Abstract: This invention relates to detonator-sensitive assembled booster charges for use in blasting engineering. The booster charge comprises nitroalkane and a cavity-forming agent.

Abstract: A truck for loading emulsion explosive in field with intrinsic safety, with its key improvement being a static emulsification device and a static sensitizing device to perform emulsification and sensitization, wherein, an outlet of the static emulsification device is connected with a transporting hose, a terminal end of a sensitizer storage transporting system is connected to a starting end of the transporting hose, and the static sensitizing device is arranged at a terminal end of the transporting hose. Its advantages include the transporting of emulsion explosive product is avoided, thereby reducing safety risk; on the other hand, the emulsification device and sensitizing device utilized by this truck both have static structure, so that there exists no shear or mechanical friction during the emulsification and sensitizing process, thereby reducing sensitivity, preventing explosion form happening in the production process, and ensuring production safety.

Abstract: A method and device of preparing an emulsion comprising a first liquid and a second liquid, said method comprising the step of dispersing the first liquid into the second liquid, characterized in that the method comprises:—passing the first liquid through an injection nozzle (108) for creating a spray of droplets of the first liquid, and—injecting thus created droplets of first liquid into the second liquid such that Q, where Q is equal to the square of the speed of the droplets, is at least 225 m2/s2; wherein W, wherein W is sg*Q*d divided by St with sg being the specific gravity of the first liquid in kg/m3, d being the mean Sauter droplet diameter in meter of the spray leaving the injection nozzle in air, and St being the surface tension of the first liquid in Newton/meter; is at least 250 kg*m/N*s2.

Abstract: A method for converting cedarwood oil into high density fuels including, hydrogenating cedarwood oil in the presence of at least one hydrogenation catalyst to generate hydrogenated cedarwood oil, removing the hydrogenation catalyst from the hydrogenated cedarwood oil, purifying the hydrogenated cedarwood oil to produce a first high density fuel, isomerizing the first high density fuel in the presence of at least one acid catalyst to generate a hydrocarbon mixture including adamantanes, and distilling the adamantane mixture to produce a second alkyl-adamantane high density fuel.

Abstract: Provided herein are VIS-IR powders comprising tin which show significantly higher visual intensity, reduced reaction temperature and particle temperature during and after oxidation reaction in air, and improved resistance to clumping when compared to comparable powders without tin. Methods of preparation of said VIS-IR powders are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for processing of expired solid rocket propellant containing ammonium perchlorate, powdered aluminum, and a rubber-based binder for the purpose of recycling ammonium perchlorate, the method comprising: a) wet disintegration of solid propellant in a solution to produce a suspension of solid substances; b) leaching of the suspension of solid substances at an increased temperature in a leaching solution to produce an ammonium perchlorate solution, the leaching solution including at least one of water and unsaturated ammonium perchlorate and containing added inert material based on at least one of porous carbon, diatomaceous earth and a polymer; c) wherein the use of the inert material during the leaching process increases de-agglomeration and decreases re-agglomeration of solid substances of the suspension of solid substances; d) separation of the ammonium perchlorate solution from the suspension of solid substances, the separated ammonium perchlorate solution also containing at least some of the inert

Abstract: Certain aspects of the invention provides a transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding structure, including Ni based alloys and a TLP bonded layer formed by pack cementation on the Ni based alloys using a pack composition. In one embodiment, the pack composition includes 57 wt. % of aluminum oxide powder, 30 wt. % of Ti powder, 10 wt. % of Ni-50 wt. % Al alloy powder and 3 wt. % of ammonium chloride powder. The Ni based alloys may be Ni-20 wt. % Cr alloys. In certain embodiments, pack cementation is performed on the Ni based alloys under argon for an hour using the pack composition to form a coating. Then the structure is sonicated in acetone for 2 hours, and then annealed under vacuum at about 1200° C. for 2 days to form the TLP bonding structure, which has a uniform ?? phase distribution with identical compositions and properties at its bonding regions.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a CL-20/HMX cocrystalline explosive which is coated in a polymeric binder, so as to be useful as an explosive molding powder. The cocrystalline material having a desirable average crystal size of from about 300 nm to about 1000 nm, which crystals are intimately coated with a polymeric binder and are produced as granular agglomerates that are less than on average 5 microns in size, and which crystals are relatively easy and safe to handle, transport, store and use. The method involving spray drying a CL-20 and HMX solvent solution containing a polymeric binder to form an intermediary amorphous material—which intermediary is then heated to cocrystallize the CL-20/HMX into the desired size cocrystals and aggregates thereof—which are coated in said polymeric binder.

Abstract: A method of selectively increasing the sensitivity of an insensitive munition by inducing porosity or Joule heating in munitions assembly comprising a power source, an explosive apparatus and a fuze apparatus wherein the explosive apparatus contains a sensitized main explosive composition comprising a secondary explosive and a sensitizing agent. As a result, the otherwise insensitive munition is rendered sensitive to a propagating wave shock by approximately 10 to 25%. To this end, a voltage is applied across the main conductive explosive composition within the insensitive munition. Voltages above certain thresholds cause the decomposition of the explosive material or conductive binder, which leads to an increase in porosity, and therefore the shock sensitivity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process and an apparatus for producing coated catalysts. A process of the present disclosure includes providing a composition containing a liquid and a catalytically active material and/or a precursor thereof in a stock vessel, providing a support material in a vessel which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis, transporting the composition from the stock vessel through a first conduit to a spray nozzle, transporting a propellant fluid through a second conduit to the spray nozzle, atomizing the composition and propellant fluid in the nozzle to produce an aerosol that flows into the vessel and impregnates the support material present therein, heating the vessel so the liquid present in the aerosol evaporates from the support material and the finely divided support material which has been treated with catalytically active material and/or a precursor thereof is dried, and discharging the vaporized liquid from the vessel.

Abstract: Method of processing and handling solids and mixtures capable of deflagration, in particular of processing materials capable of deflagration in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, wherein the processing and handling is carried out in an environment under a reduced pressure of ?500 mbara and the processing and/or handling comprises one or more process steps selected from the group consisting of filtration, milling, sieving, mixing, homogenization, granulation, compacting, packaging, drying, storage and transport in a transport container and other steps in apparatuses having mechanical internals.

Abstract: An effective, safe and economical method of manufacture of an insensitive high explosive molding powder usable as a booster HE. The method preferably involving the steps of adding a binder and a crystalline high explosive to water, grinding that suspension in a bead mill until the crystalline high explosive is nano-sized, and precipitating the binder and crystalline high explosive using a spray dryer. Alternatively, an aqueous suspension of the crystalline high explosive can be ground in the bead mill and the binder subsequently added, prior to spray drying. A fatty alcohol, water defoaming/dispersant/surfactant agent can be added to the dissolved binder/suspended crystalline high explosive, to aid in the manufacturability.

Abstract: The present application discloses a variety of improvements that enhance at least one of the mechanical, chemical/energetic, ballistic, or adhesive properties, of a class of ECPs, regardless of whether said ECPs are in solid phase or gels, singly or in combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing an intermediate emulsion comprising an oxidizer solution, fuel and emulsifier, which process comprises the steps of: (a) mixing in a micromixer an oxidizer solution with a fuel blend comprising a fuel and an emulsifier so as to solubilize a portion of the oxidizer solution in the fuel blend to produce a precursor product; (b) mixing the precursor product obtained in step (a) using a micromixer in one or more successive stages in order to form the intermediate emulsion.

Abstract: A rubber composition containing 100 parts by mass of a rubber component (A) comprising at least one rubber of natural rubber and synthetic diene base rubbers and 5 to 120 parts by mass of a low molecular weight aromatic vinyl compound-diene compound copolymer (B) having a weight average molecular weight (measured by gel permeation chromatography and reduced to polystyrene) of 1,000 to 300,000 and, wherein the copolymer (B) comprises 0 to 80% by mass of an aromatic vinyl compound and has a vinyl bond content of 0 to 80% by mass in the part of the diene compound, and has a cross-linkable functional group at an end. Further, tires produced by using the rubber composition are provided.

Abstract: An environmentally safe, nontoxic energetic time delay composition useful in small diameter aluminum tubes (i.e., typical military delay housings), which provides desired delay propagation rates of from less than about 2 to about 38 mm/s through such delay housings—the compositions being compressed stoichiometric mixes of Ti and C powders; Ni and Al powders; a combination of Ti/C and 3Ni/Al powders; and a combination of Ti/C and Ni/Al powders, diluted with inert alumina.

Abstract: A method of preparing heavy ANFO including loading high density ammonium nitrate into a hopper; feeding the high density ammonium nitrate into a mixing chamber; during the feeding step, injecting fuel into a high density ammonium nitrate feeding pipe, thereby obtaining ANFO; loading bulk emulsion into a hopper; gassing the bulk emulsion; feeding the gassed bulk emulsion into a same mixing chamber as the ANFO; and mixing the gassed bulk emulsion and the ANFO, thereby obtaining heavy ANFO.

Abstract: An energetic composition with controlled detonation having at least a first organic material and a second material, where the second material is a porous material (micro-, meso-, or macroporous), having a pore ratio of at least 10% and preferably greater than 50%, and the first material is, at least partially, infiltrated into the pores of the second material. A mixture containing such a composition, and a method for manufacturing such a composition and such a mixture. Additionally, a method for fragmenting or expanding a microporous material at nanoscale.

Abstract: A gas generating pyrotechnic composition that in addition to a primary fuel component and a primary oxidizer component includes critical relative amounts of elemental carbon and cupric oxide. Also provided are associated methods for producing an inflation gas for an occupant restraint system of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: An insensitive crystalline high explosive molding powder, usable as a booster HE. The subject insensitive crystalline high explosive molding powder being manufactured by adding the crystalline high explosive, and a polymer or wax based binder to a solvent to form a solution, spray drying the solution to drive off the solvent, thereby co-precipitating the HE and binder to form granules in which the crystals of HE are uniformly distributed in the binder.

Abstract: Methods and systems for mixing propellant formulations are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method of mixing a solid propellant formulation includes placing a first component (e.g., a polymer or fuel) and a second component (e.g., an oxidizer of suitable particle size) in a mix vessel. The method further includes mixing the first and second components together by rotating the mix vessel about a first axis and, during at least a portion of the vessel rotation, revolving the vessel about a second axis spaced apart from the first axis. In one embodiment, the first axis can be a vessel spin axis, and the second axis can be spaced apart from the first axis so that the vessel revolves about the second axis in a planetary manner. In another embodiment, the vessel can rotate about the first axis in a first direction while revolving about the second axis in a second direction, opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A batch reactor process for the synthesis of potassium 5,7-dinitro-[2,1,3]-benzoxadiazol-4-olate-3-oxide (KDNP) from 3-bromo-2,4,6-trinitroanisole (ETNA) includes adding BTNA to a reaction vessel containing potassium azide (KN3) and water (H2O). The resulting mixture is heated to 90° C. followed by cooling to room temperature and agitating the final solution. The precipitate KDNP product is recovered by filtration.

Abstract: Moldable explosives containing chlorinated and/or fluorinated oils and waxes are described which exhibit significant energetic characteristics while at the same time possessing desirable IM character. Such moldable explosives are potential replacements for the C4 compositions known and used in the art.

Abstract: Reduced toxicity fuels containing hydrocarbons having both strained rings and internal, conjugated triple bonds are disclosed. The fuels described herein are hypergolic with nitrogen tetroxide and/or inhibited red fuming nitric acid.

Abstract: A double base propellant modifier uses a combination of a lead component, a tin component and a copper component in physical contact to effect super-rate burning of double base propellants with defined plateau and mesa burning rate characteristics.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for preparing a pyrotechnic composition, to the use of a water-soluble cellulose ether binder, to a pyrotechnic composition, to a method for preparing a pyrotechnic charge, and to a pyrotechnic charge. The method of the invention comprises mixing the fibrous nitrocellulose in wet form with the one or more water-soluble cellulose ether binders and optionally one or more solvents, wherein the amount of organic solvent in the mixture is 10 wt. % or less based on total weight of the mixture.

Abstract: Gas generants comprising copper are provided that have improved slagging ability. In certain aspects, the gas generants include a fuel, an oxidizer comprising basic copper nitrate, and a large particle size endothermic slag-forming component, such as aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3). The gas generants may be cool burning, e.g., having a maximum flame temperature at combustion (Tc)?about 1,900K (1,627° C.). The disclosure also provides methods of enhancing slag formation for a gas generant composition that comprises copper. Such methods enhance slag formation during combustion of the gas generant composition by at least 50%.

Abstract: An adhesive may bond a plastic bonded explosive to a metal surface. The adhesive may include a mixture of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and isophorone di-isocyanate (IPDI) in a weight ratio in the range of about 5 to 1 to about 10 to 1. The adhesive may include a solvent and/or a catalyst.

Abstract: A colored pyrotechnic smoke-producing composition has an oxidizer, a fuel, a flame retardant, a dye, a coolant, and a binder. The oxidizer may be potassium chlorate. The fuel may be starch, dextrose, lactose, and/or sucrose. The coolant may be sodium bicarbonate or magnesium carbonate. The binder may be nitrocellulose or a halogen-free thermoplastic. The flame retardant may be one or more nitrogen-rich compounds. The composition may be in pelletized form or in the form of a solid charge. The composition may consist of on a mass basis oxidizer 20-35%, fuel 15-25%, flame retardant 5-15%, dye 27-40%, coolant 8-18%, and binder 1-2%. The invention may be a device consisting of a body filled with the composition and a first fire starter composition, and an attached squib igniter. The body may be a grenade. A process for producing the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to gas generants used in inflatable restraint systems. The gas generant grains formed via spray drying techniques of the present disclosure provide superior performance, including high burn rates and high gas yields. Further, processing of the gas generant grain products can be streamlined. Such gas generants include by way of non-limiting example, guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, and a secondary oxidizer, such as potassium perchlorate.

Abstract: The invention concerns copper azide containing carbon nanotubes. The invention also concerns methods of producing such nanotubes by placing CuO nanoparticles within carbon nanotubes to produce CuO-containing carbon nanotubes, contacting CuO-containing carbon nanotubes with hydrogen to produce reduced nanotubes; and contacting the reduced nanotubes with hydrazoic acid to produce copper azide containing carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of explosives, and more particularly relates to particles of an explosive, wherein they are in crystalline form, have a rounded shape and a majority of them contain no internal defect. Particles of an explosive in crystalline form include a volume fraction of closed pores of less than or equal to 0.05%. A method for preparing explosive particles includes preparing crystalline particles, a majority of which are without an internal defect; and rounding the crystalline particles.

Abstract: A munition is described including a reactive fragment having an energetic material dispersed in a metallic binder material. A method is also described including forming a energetic material; combining the energetic material with a metallic binder material to form a mixture; and shaping the mixture to form a reactive fragment. The munition may be in the form of a warhead, and the reactive fragment may be contained within a casing of the warhead.

Abstract: A method for processing explosives containing a high loading of CL-20 may advantageously include a binder system having naphthenic oil and/or paraffinic oil. Solid energetic ingredients are added into the binder system and mixed to form a free-flowing suspension in which the solid energetic ingredients are homogeneously mixed and coated with the binder system. The binder system is then cured and cast to form a cross-linked explosive.

Abstract: A binary exploding target package, a process of forming an exploding target from the contents of the binary exploding target package, and the exploding target formed therefrom. The binary exploding target package includes a first, target container and a second container. An oxidizer composition is contained within one of the containers and a catalyst composition is contained within the other container. An exploding target is formed by mixing the oxidizer and catalyst compositions, and introducing the mixture into the target container to form an exploding target just prior to using the exploding target as a target for a shooting exercise.