Structure Or Arrangement Of Component Or Product Patents (Class 149/2)
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Patent number: 8197619Abstract: A process for making metal-organic frameworks and metal-organic frameworks having host-guest complexes of either liquid energetics, solid energetics, or solid oxidizers.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2010Date of Patent: June 12, 2012Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Andrew P. Nelson, Nirupam J. Trivedi
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Publication number: 20120138200Abstract: Propellant compositions are provided herein for use in small arms cartridges. Such propellant compositions include a cellulose-based organic fuel, a non-azide, nitrogen-containing primary organic oxidizer and a secondary nitrate, perchlorate, chlorate of peroxide oxidizer. Preferably, such compositions are in the form of extruded shaped hollow cylindrical grains having dimensions that makes it loadable in a muzzleloader firearm or small calibre firearm cartridge case. Ignition grains are also provided for use alone or in a mixture with the propellant compositions. When used in a small calibre firearm or muzzleloader, the temperature of combustion is at a level that ensures substantially complete combustion of the fuel during firing so that the products of combustion are mostly gaseous.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2011Publication date: June 7, 2012Inventors: Mathieu Racette, Staphane Viau, Daniel Lepage
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Patent number: 8187398Abstract: An energetic composition and system using amassed energetic multilayer pieces which are formed from the division, such as for example by cutting, scoring, breaking, crushing, shearing, etc., of a mechanically activatable monolithic energetic multilayer(s) (e.g. macro-scale sheets of multilayer films), for enhancing the sensitivity of the energetic composite and system to mechanical initiation of self-sustained reaction. In particular, mechanical initiation of the energetic composition may be achieved with significantly lower mechanical energy inputs than that typically required for initiating the monolithic energetic multilayers from which it is derived.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2007Date of Patent: May 29, 2012Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLCInventors: Alexander E. Gash, Troy W. Barbee, Jr.
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Patent number: 8172963Abstract: A laminated energetic device is disclosed. The laminated energetic device includes a low-gas generating energetic mixture, a first film on which the low-gas generating energetic mixture is located, and a second film for sealing the low-gas generating energetic mixture between the first and second films.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2008Date of Patent: May 8, 2012Assignee: NCC Nano, LLCInventor: Kurt A. Schroder
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Patent number: 8172966Abstract: Non-lethal payloads may be customized for particular uses and desired visual and audible incapacitation based upon the selection of igniter/activators and illuminants used with the non-lethal payloads. Non-lethal payloads employing high flame temperature igniter/activators and illuminants of powder metals, powdered metals combined with oxidizers, and powdered metals combined with heat-activated chromophores may produce improved “flashes” and “bangs” for non-lethal payloads used with diversionary or other devices. Such devices and methods of producing illuminance and noise are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2006Date of Patent: May 8, 2012Assignee: Alliant Techsystems Inc.Inventors: Reed J. Blau, Lisa S. Liu, Ronald L. Hansen, Richard G. Ames
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Patent number: 8172964Abstract: A method for creating a pyrophoric material according to one embodiment includes thermally activating a carbon foam for creating micropores therein; contacting the activated carbon foam with a liquid solution comprising a metal salt for depositing metal ions in the carbon foam; and reducing the metal ions in the foam to metal particles. A pyrophoric material in yet another embodiment includes a pyrophoric metal-carbon foam composite comprising a carbon foam having micropores and mesopores and a surface area of greater than or equal to about 2000 m2/g, and metal particles in the pores of the carbon foam. Additional methods and materials are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2008Date of Patent: May 8, 2012Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLCInventors: Alexander E. Gash, Joe H. Satcher, Jr., Randall L. Simpson, Theodore F. Baumann, Marcus A. Worsley
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Patent number: 8147628Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing (cryogenic) solid monopropellants which are cooled to below room temperature and are used for rocket drives, especially using heterogeneous liquid-solid propellants wherein at least one of the reactants in the form of an oxidizer or a fuel contains a phase which is liquid or gaseous at normal temperature, for example emulsions of liquid constituents which do not dissolve in each other, suspensions of solid in liquid constituents or liquid-impregnated feed materials. The invention also relates to a cryogenic solid propellant for rocket drives, especially heterogeneous quasi-monopropellant fuel-oxidizer combinations.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2003Date of Patent: April 3, 2012Inventors: Roger E. Lo, Harry Adirim
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Publication number: 20120076443Abstract: A method for preparing a stabilized nitrocellulose article includes providing a nitrocellulose-containing mat of fibers. The nitrocellulose-containing mat of fibers is treated with a solution that comprises a solvent and a stabilizer to produce the article. The stabilizer is soluble in the solvent. The solvent dissolves the stabilizer and the nitrocellulose in the nitrocellulose-containing mat of fibers is substantially insoluble in the solvent at ambient pressure and temperature. An inflatable bag comprises a shell and the stabilized nitrocellulose article. The shell is formed from a foldable material and has an outer surface and an inner surface. The inner surface defines an interior cavity of the inflatable bag. The stabilized nitrocellulose article is disposed upon the inner surface of the shell in the interior cavity and is foldable in conformity with at least one fold of the shell.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 23, 2011Publication date: March 29, 2012Applicant: General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems, Inc.Inventors: Brian K. McDermott, Jerry W. Prentice, Shawn R. Green, Mike A. Wilson
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Patent number: 8123879Abstract: The invention generally relates to an energetic composition including adjacent layers of an explosive and a combustible fuel, and making of the energetic composition. Specifically, making the energetic composition includes vapor deposition of an explosive layer on a combustible fuel surface; alternatively, a combustible fuel layer may be chemically or physically deposited on an explosive surface to make the energetic composition.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 2007Date of Patent: February 28, 2012Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Victor J. Bellitto, Stanley M. Caulder
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Patent number: 8123878Abstract: A gas generating system includes a gas generant material for generating gases upon combustion thereof, and an amount of liquid coolant for cooling the generated gases.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 2008Date of Patent: February 28, 2012Assignee: TK Holdings, Inc.Inventors: Robert M. Krupp, Brian A. Mayville
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Patent number: 8114229Abstract: Solid composite propellant compositions include at least one oxidizing agent, at least one binder, and at least one surfactant. The surfactant provides the solid propellant the property of being “self-extinguishing”, where the burning rate of the solid composite propellant as a function of pressure includes a negative pressure dependence portion, wherein the burning rate in the negative pressure dependence portion decreases with increasing pressure until a cutoff pressure is reached which results in extinguishment of the solid composite propellant. The solid composite propellant can also include at least one catalyst that modifies the burning rate of the solid composite propellant. Solid composite propellants can be extinguished without the need for depressurization by reaching a cutoff pressure, and with a tailored burning rate.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 2009Date of Patent: February 14, 2012Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Eric L. Petersen, Sudipta Seal, Matthew Stephens, David L. Reid, Rodolphe Carro, Thomas Sammet, Alex Lepage
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Patent number: 8101032Abstract: A cost-effective, renewable ethanol-based solid fuel compound, and method of making the fuel for hybrid rocket engines. Gelling agents, preferably methylcellulose can be used in conjunction with calcium acetate or calcium acetate alone make a stiff plastic out of ethanol to improve its properties for hybrid rocket engine. The increased stiffness of an ethanol-based fuel gel, increases yield stress that allows rapid acceleration of rockets. The low cost bio-fuel based on solidified ethanol rather than expensive petroleum derived substances lowers the cost of volume rocket launches, lowers the cost of access to orbit and provides safer sounding rocket flights into space. The resulting raw gel can further be mixed with a cross linking compound and water to form a stiffer material. Alternatively, the resulting raw gel can be frozen by liquid nitrogen.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2008Date of Patent: January 24, 2012Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: John E. Brandenburg, Matthew D. Fox, Rodrigo H. Garcia
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Publication number: 20120006216Abstract: An acoustic crystal explosive, which gains its properties from both its periodic structure and its composition, may be configured to suppress or enhance the sensitivity of detonation of the explosive in response to an acoustic wave. An explosive material and a medium (explosive or inactive) are arranged in a periodic array that provides local contrast modulation of the acoustic index to define a band gap in the acoustic transmission spectrum of the explosive materials. At least one defect cavity in the periodic array creates a resonance in the band gap. The defect cavity concentrates energy from an incident acoustic (shock) wave to detonate the explosive. Multiple defect cavities may be configured to provide a desired shaped charge or volumetric detonations. Means may be provided to reprogram the defect cavity(ies) to reconfigure the explosive.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 28, 2009Publication date: January 12, 2012Inventors: Delmar L. Barker, Kenneth L. Moore, William R. Owens
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Patent number: 8092622Abstract: Bimetallic alloys prepared in a ball milling process, such as iron nickel (FeNi), iron palladium (FePd), and magnesium palladium (MgPd) provide in situ catalyst system for remediating and degrading nitro explosive compounds. Specifically, munitions, such as, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (RDX), nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine that have become contaminants in groundwater, soil, and other structures are treated on site to remediate explosive contamination.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 2009Date of Patent: January 10, 2012Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Christian Clausen, Cherie Geiger, Michael Sigman, Rebecca Fidler
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Patent number: 8075715Abstract: A precursor composition of a reactive material that comprises a metal material and an energetic material, such as at least one oxidizer or at least one class 1.1 explosive. The metal material defines a continuous phase at a processing temperature of the precursor composition and the energetic material is dispersed therein. The metal material may be a fusible metal alloy having a melting point ranging from approximately 46° C. to approximately 250° C. The fusible metal alloy may include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium, indium, mercury, antimony, copper, gold, silver, and zinc. The reactive composition may have a density of greater than approximately 2 g/cm3. The reactive composition may also include a polymer/plasticizer system.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2007Date of Patent: December 13, 2011Assignee: Alliant Techsystems Inc.Inventors: Benjamin N. Ashcroft, Daniel B. Nielson, Daniel W. Doll
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Patent number: 8066831Abstract: A method of generating power uses a nanoenergetic material. The nanoenergetic material comprising thermite is obtained and deposited on a substrate. An igniter is placed on the nanoenergetic material. When power is desired, the nanoenergetic material is ignited. A transducer receives thermal, sonic, magnetic, optic and/or mechanical energy from combustion of the nanoenergetic material and converts it into electrical energy. Preferably, the transducer is a thermoelectric, piezoelectric or magneto device. Preferably, multiple transducers are integrated in one power generators to maximize the power from nanoenergetic thermites.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2006Date of Patent: November 29, 2011Assignee: The Curators of the University of MissouriInventors: Shubhra Gangopadhyay, Steven Apperson, Keshab Gangopadhyay, Andrey Bezmelnitsyn, Rajagopalan Thiruvengadathan, Michael Kraus, Rajesh Shende, Maruf Hossain, Senthil Subramanian, Shantanu Bhattacharya, Yuangang Gao
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Patent number: 8062442Abstract: Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and other explosives of the peroxide family are safely degraded in situ. Nano and micron size metal particles in an elemental state include pure iron and magnesium or iron and magnesium particles that are mechanically alloyed with palladium and nickel. The metal particles are used in both the elemental state and in emulsions that are made from water, a hydrophobic solvent, such as corn oil, and a food-grade nonionic surfactant. The neat metals and emulsified zero valent metals (EZVM) safely degrade TATP with the major degradation product being acetone. The EZVM system absorbs and dissolves the TATP into the emulsion droplets where TATP degradation occurs. EZVM systems are ideal for degrading dry TATP crystals that may be present on a carpet or door entrance. Both the neat metal system and the emulsion system (EZVM) degrade TATP in an aqueous slurry.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 2007Date of Patent: November 22, 2011Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Christian Clausen, III, Cherie L. Geiger, Michael Sigman, Rebecca Fidler
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Patent number: 8057610Abstract: A gas generant for an inflatable restraint device (for example, an airbag system for a vehicle) is a monolithic compressed solid that has a linear burn rate of greater than or equal to about 1.6 inches per second at a pressure of about 3,000 pounds per square inch. The gas generant can be in the form of an annular disk having a plurality of apertures. The gas generant may be substantially free of binder and may have a low initial surface area which progressively increases during burning. The gas generant provides a gas generation profile that improves restraint of vehicle occupants, including those occupants that are out-of-position. Additionally, the shaped gas generant decreases occupant exposure to toxic effluent combustion products and solid respirable particulates.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2010Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Autoliv ASP, Inc.Inventors: Brett Hussey, Ivan V. Mendenhall, Roger Bradford
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Patent number: 8057611Abstract: A multi-composition pyrotechnic material is provided for an inflatable restraint device (for example, an airbag system or pretensioner for a vehicle). The multi-composition pyrotechnic material can be a gas generant, a micro gas generant, or an igniter, for example. The multi-composition pyrotechnic material comprises a first pyrotechnic material that defines one or more void regions. A second pyrotechnic material, compositionally distinct from the first pyrotechnic material, is introduced into at least one of the void regions and forms a second region of the pyrotechnic materials. The second composition can be introduced to the void regions in the form of a slurry. Methods of forming such multi-composition pyrotechnic materials are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 2007Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Autoliv ASP, Inc.Inventors: Dario Brisighella, Brett Hussey
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Patent number: 8057609Abstract: A fuel cell device comprising: (a) a catalytic oxidizer; (b) means for delivering gaseous fuel and oxidizer to the catalytic oxidizer; and (c) a fuel cell assembly located in the vicinity of the catalytic oxidizer such that the fuel cell assembly is able to be heated by heat generated from the reaction of fuel and oxidizer at the catalytic oxidizer; wherein the fuel cell assembly causes the generation of hot gases and an electrical output when it is heated and supplied with fuel and oxidizer, and wherein the device is provided with (d) a heat outlet which allows hot gases generated by the device to be directed out of the device and to applications requiring heat. Also provided is the use of such a device to generate heat and/or electrical power, and an appliance comprising such a device.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2006Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Adelan LimitedInventors: Kevin Kendall, Michaela Kendall
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Patent number: 8057612Abstract: A multi-composition pyrotechnic material is provided for an inflatable restraint device (for example, an airbag system or pretensioner for a vehicle). The multi-composition pyrotechnic material can be a gas generant, a micro gas generant, or an igniter, for example. The multi-composition pyrotechnic material comprises a first pyrotechnic material that defines one or more void regions. A second pyrotechnic material, compositionally distinct from the first pyrotechnic material, is introduced into at least one of the void regions and forms a second region of the pyrotechnic materials. The second composition can be introduced to the void regions in the form of a slurry. Methods of forming such multi-composition pyrotechnic materials are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 2007Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Autoliv ASP, Inc.Inventors: Dario Brisighella, Brett Hussey
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Patent number: 8007607Abstract: Combustible structural composites and methods of forming same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a combustible structural composite includes combustible material comprising a fuel metal and a metal oxide. The fuel metal is present in the combustible material at a weight ratio from 1:9 to 1:1 of the fuel metal to the metal oxide. The fuel metal and the metal oxide are capable of exothermically reacting upon application of energy at or above a threshold value to support self-sustaining combustion of the combustible material within the combustible structural composite. Structural-reinforcing fibers are present in the composite at a weight ratio from 1:20 to 10:1 of the structural-reinforcing fibers to the combustible material. Other embodiments and aspects are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 2008Date of Patent: August 30, 2011Assignee: Battelle Energy Alliance, LLCInventors: Michael A. Daniels, Ronald J. Heaps, Eric D Steffler, William D. Swank
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Patent number: 7998290Abstract: A thermobaric munition including a composite explosive material, the composite explosive material having a high-explosive composition, and a detonable energetic material dispersed within the high-explosive composition, the detonable energetic material in the form of a thin film, the thin film having at least one layer composed at least in part by a reducing metal and at least one layer composed at least in part by a metal oxide. A related method includes tailoring the blast characteristics of high explosive composition to match a predetermined time-pressure impulse, the method including disbursing a detonable energetic material having a preselected reaction rate within the high-explosive composition, the detonable energetic material in the form of a thin film, the thin film having at least one layer composed at least in part by a reducing metal and at least one layer composed at least in part by a metal oxide.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2010Date of Patent: August 16, 2011Assignee: Lockheed Martin CorporationInventors: Edward W. Sheridan, George D. Hugus, George W. Brooks
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Patent number: 7993475Abstract: A firing agent which is used in a gas generating device of a vehicle occupant protection device together with a non-azide gas generating agent, for firing the non-azide gas generating agent, wherein the firing agent contains a fuel and an oxidizing agent and is configured to burn at a combustion speed higher than that of the non-azide gas generating agent; a method for using the firing agent; and a gas generating device of a vehicle occupant protection device using the firing agent.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 2009Date of Patent: August 9, 2011Assignee: NOF CorporationInventors: Kazuya Serizawa, Tomonori Tasaki, Katsuhiko Takahashi
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Patent number: 7985308Abstract: A multimodal explosive, in particular for blast charges, which has, for increasing the power, a powder additive which is formed by a hydrogen-terminated monocrystalline silicon powder of at least one grain size range, which powder has the advantage that no oxidation phenomenon takes place even over many years—even at storage in ambient air. Due to the non-oxidized crystal surfaces, advantageously an immediate joint reaction with the explosive takes place in the detonation front and also extends into the post-reaction period with increasing crystal sizes, so that a different propellant effect is achieved depending on the additive.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2007Date of Patent: July 26, 2011Assignee: Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co., KGInventors: Karl Rudolf, Heinz Hofmann, Dimitri Kovalev, Joachim Diener
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Patent number: 7985310Abstract: This invention relates to granules comprising a homogenous mixture of metal flakes and/or metal powder and metal oxide powder, and a binder. The invention also relates to a process for producing such granules. The process includes the step of forming a mixture of metal flakes and/or metal powder and metal oxide powder, forming the mixture into a homogenous blend, adding the blend, together with a binder, to a granulator to form granules, and drying the granules. Granules so formed containing aluminum, aluminum oxide and iron oxide find particular use as sensitizers and energizers in explosives compositions.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 2010Date of Patent: July 26, 2011Inventor: Denis Gordon Verity
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Patent number: 7976654Abstract: High explosives suitable for filling very small volume loading holes in micro-electric initiators for micro-electro-mechanical mechanisms, used as safe and arm devices, are prepared from slurries of crystalline energetic materials including organic liquid and applied using various methods. These methods include swipe loading, pressure loading and syringe loading. The organic liquid serves as a volatile mobile phase in the slurry so as to partially dissolve the energetic material so that, upon evaporation of the mobile phase, the energetic material precipitates and adheres to the loading hole.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2009Date of Patent: July 12, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Daniel Stec, III, Gartung Cheng, Brian E. Fuchs, Gerard Gillen, Neha Mehta
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Patent number: 7976653Abstract: Ammonium dinitramide based liquid monopropellants exhibiting stabilised combustion characteristics and improved storage life, containing ammonia, a base weaker than ammonia, or a base which is sterically hindered, added in an amount of 0.1 to 5% of the total weight of the other components of the propellant.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2002Date of Patent: July 12, 2011Assignee: Svenska RymdaktiebolagetInventors: Kjell Anflo, Niklas Wingborg
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Patent number: 7972453Abstract: A thermobaric munition including a composite explosive material, the composite explosive material having a high-explosive composition, and a detonable energetic material dispersed within the high-explosive composition, the detonable energetic material in the form of a thin film, the thin film having at least one layer composed at least in part by a reducing metal and at least one layer composed at least in part by a metal oxide. A related method includes tailoring the blast characteristics of high explosive composition to match a predetermined time-pressure impulse, the method including disbursing a detonable energetic material having a preselected reaction rate within the high-explosive composition, the detonable energetic material in the form of a thin film, the thin film having at least one layer composed at least in part by a reducing metal and at least one layer composed at least in part by a metal oxide.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2006Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: Lockheed Martin CorporationInventors: Edward W. Sheridan, George D. Hugus, George W. Brooks
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Patent number: 7955451Abstract: A munition is described including a reactive fragment having an energetic material having a least one layer of a reducing metal or metal hydride and at least one layer of a metal oxide dispersed in a binder material. A method is also described including forming a energetic material; including combining the energetic material having a least one layer of a reducing metal or metal hydride and at least one layer of a metal oxide with a polymeric binder material to form a mixture; and shaping the mixture to form a reactive fragment. The munition may be in the form of a warhead, and the reactive fragment may be contained within a casing of the warhead.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2007Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: Lockheed Martin CorporationInventors: George D. Hugus, Edward W. Sheridan
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Patent number: 7955453Abstract: A process for manufacturing gradient structures uses multiple jet-spraying mechanisms to form layers of distinct precursors into a gradient composition.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2006Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: John M. Kelley, Raafat H. Guirguis
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Patent number: 7942988Abstract: A shaped, flexible fuel and energetic system is presented. The shaped, flexible fuel comprises at least one polymeric binding material and porous silicon particles dispersed throughout the polymeric binding material. The porous silicon particles are prepared from a metallurgical grade silicon powder. The shaped, flexible fuel preferably includes shapes such as: an article, a film, a wire and a tape. The energetic system comprises the shaped, flexible fuel portion used alone or in combination with at least one oxidizer.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 2008Date of Patent: May 17, 2011Assignee: Vesta Research, Ltd.Inventors: Shanthi Subramanian, Declan Farrell, Santosh Y. Limaye
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Patent number: 7942989Abstract: An initiator explosive for detonating a second explosive that includes nanocrystalline silicon containing a plurality of pores and a solid state oxidant disposed within said pores.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2003Date of Patent: May 17, 2011Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Michael J. Sailor, Frederic V. Mikulec, Joseph D. Kirtland
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Patent number: 7942990Abstract: The present invention provides a hybrid inflator including: a pressurized gas and a solid gas generating agent that generates a combustion gas as a gas source, the solid gas generating agent including at least an oxidizing agent and a binder, the pressurized gas including 15 mol % or more of oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2007Date of Patent: May 17, 2011Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Kitayama, Shogo Tomiyama, Masayuki Nakayasu
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Patent number: 7931761Abstract: Disclosed is a gas generating polymer compound that when irradiated with light or other radiation sources makes a solid to gas phase transition due to chemically catylized degradation, irradiative degradation or both. This provides a low cost, stable and easily manufactured means of gas production. Also disclosed are possible uses for the gas generator such as a low cost micro thruster.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2009Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Inventors: Mark Banister, Stephen Banister
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Patent number: 7927439Abstract: The invention is a method and a composition where, on command, a distributed number of micron size voids are created in an energetic material. The voids are hot spots, which change the shock compression sensitivity of the explosive composition by a factor of 2 to 10. The composition contains SMART materials, which are magnetostrictive materials having a large magnetostrictive coefficient, and in a matter of microseconds following the application of an external electromagnetic field, each of the magnetostrictive nano-structures expands and contracts forming a void, where the sum of the voids increases the shock compression sensitivity of the composition.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2008Date of Patent: April 19, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Jerry W. Forbes, Chak P. Wong, G. William Lawrence
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Patent number: 7927437Abstract: A structured, self-assembled nanoenergetic material is disclosed that includes a nanostructure comprising at least one of the group consisting of a fuel and an oxidizer and a plurality of substantially spherical nanoparticles comprising at least the other of the group consisting of a fuel and an oxidizer. The spherical particles are arranged around the exterior surface area of said nanorod. This structured particle assures that the oxidizer and the fuel have a high interfacial surface area between them. Preferably, the nanostructure is at least one of a nanorod, nanowire and a nanowell, and the second shaped nanoparticle is a nanosphere.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 2005Date of Patent: April 19, 2011Assignee: The Curators of the University of MissouriInventors: Shubhra Gangopadhyay, Rajesh Shende, Senthil Subramanian, Keshab Gangopadhyay, Shameem Hasan
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Patent number: 7896988Abstract: A charge system for destroying chips on a circuit board is provided. The charge system has a first substrate having a number of recesses formed therein with each of the recesses having a housing disposed therein. A high density charge is disposed within the housing. A number of recesses are formed within the high density charge. A number of low density charges are disposed within each of the recesses formed within the high density charge. A second substrate is located proximate to the first substrate. The low density charge and the high density charge are structured to destroy the second substrate after ignition. A method of destroying chips is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 2007Date of Patent: March 1, 2011Assignee: Spectre Enterprises, Inc.Inventor: Jonathan Mohler
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Patent number: 7896989Abstract: Methods of making cross sectional, functionally-graded munitions propellants exhibiting various distributions of particle concentrations and burn rate, including having a fast burning core and slower burning outer layer(s). Unlike prior art methods of preparing such munitions, propellants prepared according to our inventive method(s) may be performed substantially as a single extrusion step or as a few processing steps, without requiring the time, expense and/or difficulties that characterized familiar, laminating methods and methods which use multiple extruders. Our inventive method advantageously employs a demixing phenomenon that, prior to our inventive application and teaching, has been considered quite undesirable in the preparation of propellants where uniformity and well-mixedness have been propellant attributes widely sought after.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2005Date of Patent: March 1, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: David Fair, Dilhan M. Kalyon, Sam Moy, Leon R. Manole
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Patent number: 7887650Abstract: The present invention provides a gas generating composition comprising a fuel and an oxidizing agent and further a copper powder.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 2007Date of Patent: February 15, 2011Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Kitayama, Shogo Tomiyama
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Publication number: 20110030858Abstract: A gas generating composition exhibiting good slag forming ability is provided. The gas generating composition includes a fuel ranging from 10 to 60% by mass, an oxidizing agent ranging from 10 to 70% by mass, and a cooling agent (other than iron oxide) ranging from 1 to 20% by mass. The cooling agent has a volume mean diameter (D50) of 10 to 70 ?m and a volume mean diameter at cumulative of 10% (D10) of equal to or greater than 5 ?m. The cooling agent acts to decrease the combustion temperature and improve slag forming ability.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2009Publication date: February 10, 2011Inventors: Jianzhou Wu, Shogo Tomiyama, Yoji Fujisaki
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Patent number: 7883593Abstract: A novel pyrotechnic delay composition for use in metal delay fuse cartridges, including as its primary constituent Si—Al—Fe3O4 prepared from powdered form. The delay composition yields a progressive burning zone and burns substantially gas-free, is safe to handle, is resistant to moisture and degradation over time, can be incorporated within the confines of existing detonator shells, and poses no environmental hazards.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 2008Date of Patent: February 8, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: James E. Rose, Magdy Michay, Jan Puszynski
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Patent number: 7879166Abstract: The present invention relates generally to carbon nanotubes, and more particularly to the interaction of single wall carbon nanotubes with hydrazoic acid to introduce energetic azide groups into the nanotubes to form activated carbon nanotubes.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2007Date of Patent: February 1, 2011Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Farhad Forohar, Magdy Bichay
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Patent number: 7857921Abstract: A primer composition that includes stabilized, encapsulated red phosphorus, at least one oxidizer, at least one secondary explosive composition, at least one light metal, and at least one acid resistant binder. The stabilized, encapsulated red phosphorus may include particles of red phosphorus, a metal oxide coating, and a polymer layer. The metal oxide coating may be a coating of aluminum hydroxide, bismuth hydroxide, cadmium hydroxide, cerium hydroxide, chromium hydroxide, germanium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, niobium hydroxide, silicon hydroxide, tin hydroxide, titanium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, zirconium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof. The polymer layer may be a layer of epoxy resin, melamine resin, phenol formaldehyde resin, polyurethane resin, or mixtures thereof. A percussion cap primer that includes the primer composition, a tertiary explosive composition, and a cup is also disclosed, as are ordnance devices including the primer composition.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2006Date of Patent: December 28, 2010Assignee: Alliant Techsystems Inc.Inventors: Randall T. Busky, Tod R. Botcher, Joel Sandstrom, Jack Erickson
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Publication number: 20100307775Abstract: Gas-generating devices with grain-retention structures and related methods and systems are described. In particular, gas-generating devices having at least one retention structure fixed to a frame and positioned between adjacent gas-generant grains arranged in a longitudinal stack. Fire suppression systems comprising such gas-generating devices are also described. Additionally, methods of manufacturing gas-generating devices, as well as methods of generating a gas and methods of suppressing a fire utilizing such gas-generating devices are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2009Publication date: December 9, 2010Applicant: ALLIANT TECHSYSTEMS INC.Inventors: Steven M. Robbins, William P. Sampson
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Patent number: 7837813Abstract: Stone Wales defect pairs in a carbon nanostructure are used to store energy. Energy is released by a chain reaction of phonons disrupting the defect pairs to generate more phonons until the lattice returns to its original hexagonal form and the energy is released in the form of lattice vibrations. Devices may be configured as a battery to release electrical energy in a controlled manner or as an explosive to release energy in an uncontrolled manner.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 2009Date of Patent: November 23, 2010Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventors: Delmar L. Barker, William R. Owens
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Patent number: 7833366Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods of making carbon nanotubes, and more particularly to the interaction of single wall carbon nanotubes with hydrazoic acid to introduce energetic azide groups into the nanotubes to form activated carbon nanotubes.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2007Date of Patent: November 16, 2010Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Farhad Forohar, Magdy Bichay
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Patent number: 7806999Abstract: This invention relates to granules comprising a homogenous mixture of metal flakes and/or metal powder and metal oxide powder, and a binder. The invention also relates to a process for producing such granules. The process includes the step of forming a mixture of metal flakes and/or metal powder and metal oxide powder, forming the mixture into a homogenous blend, adding the blend, together with a binder, to a granulator to form granules, and drying the granules. Granules so formed containing aluminum, aluminum oxide and iron oxide find particular use as sensitizers and energizers in explosives compositions.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2001Date of Patent: October 5, 2010Inventor: Dennis Gordon Verity
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Publication number: 20100230945Abstract: A gas generant for an inflatable restraint device (for example, an airbag system for a vehicle) is a monolithic compressed solid that has a linear burn rate of greater than or equal to about 1.6 inches per second at a pressure of about 3,000 pounds per square inch. The gas generant can be in the form of an annular disk having a plurality of apertures. The gas generant may be substantially free of binder and may have a low initial surface area which progressively increases during burning. The gas generant provides a gas generation profile that improves restraint of vehicle occupants, including those occupants that are out-of-position. Additionally, the shaped gas generant decreases occupant exposure to toxic effluent combustion products and solid respirable particulates.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 27, 2010Publication date: September 16, 2010Applicant: Autoliv ASP, Inc.Inventors: Brett Hussey, Ivan Mendenhall, Roger Bradford
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Patent number: 7789984Abstract: A method for supplying a pyrotechnic material slurry to a container, includes, taking out a pyrotechnic material slurry, stored inside a storage container, from the bottom portion of the storage container or a vicinity thereof, sealing the exposed surface of the pyrotechnic material slurry with a sealing material, and maintaining the sealed state of the pyrotechnic material slurry in the process of supplying the pyrotechnic material slurry to the container.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 2006Date of Patent: September 7, 2010Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Shingo Oda, Hiroyuki Fujii