Abstract: This invention concerns a water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition which comprises a discontinuous aqueous phase containing one or more oxygen-releasing salts, a continuous water-immiscible organic phase comprising sump oil, and an emulsifying agent. The explosive compositions show improved sensitivity over conventional compositions made using paraffin oil as the organic phase.

Abstract: A sensitizing agent for water gel explosive compositions and process for preparing the same is provided which comprises an oxidizer, water, a gelling agent, and a cross-linker, and wherein the improvement comprises including therein a sensitizer comprised of from about 1 to about 15 weight percent of aluminum admixed with from about 2 to about 25 weight percent of a densifying agent, such as ferrophosphorus, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, or combinations thereof, said weight percentages being based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A gas-bubble-sensitized melt explosive composition, which is not deleteriously affected by pumping, containing certain surfactants which inhibit the disengagement of the sensitizing gas bubbles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved blasting agents. More particularly, the invention relates to a water-in-oil emulsion blasting agent containing sodium nitrate (SN) in an amount of from about 40% to about 70% by weight of the total composition. The water-in-oil emulsion blasting agents of this invention have a water-immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase; particulate inorganic oxidizer salt; an emulsifier; and optionally a density reducing agent. Preferably the blasting agents contain from about 10% to about 40% ammonium nitrate (AN) in addition to SN.

Abstract: A two-component emulsion explosive composition is provided consisting of a continuous oil/fuel phase and a discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt phase and, as an emulsifier, a dimer acid glyceride wherein the dimer acid has a carbon atom chain length of C18-C60. The composition demonstrates superior properties of long period storage stability and sensitivity.

Abstract: This invention refers to a pyrotechnical delay charge, i.e. a pyrotechnical charge having a very well defined rate of burning. Similar delay charges are generally used in military fuses of various types. The delay charge according to the invention is distinguished by its components and their proportions relative to each other. Within the framework of the limits stated in the patent claims, the delay charges rate of burning can be varied from approximately 2 to approximately 30 mm/s. Characteristic for this delay charge is primarily that it contains more than 10% by weight tin dioxide (SnO.sub.2) which acts as an oxidizer and slag former.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved explosive compositions of the aqueous slurry type. More particularly, the invention relates to explosive compositions containing sodium perchlorate, polysaccharide polymer of plant origin, water, and preferably, gassing and cross-linking agents and particulate sensitizers such as finely divided aluminum. These compositions have improved physical and detonation properties over prior art compositions, and in addition, they form excellent "permissible" explosive compositions, even though sodium perchlorate is present.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition is provided wherein the continuous carbonaceous oil or fuel phase comprises an unrefined or partly refined petroleum product, for example, slackwax. The resulting explosive composition exhibits properties of strength, detonation velocity and stability comparable and in some cases superior to similar compositions containing refined petroleum fuels.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic composition comprising a mixture of finely divided magnesium and silicon dioxide, both distributed throughout a binder selected from the members of the group consisting of polybutadienes and teflon. The composition is suitably insensitive, and yet readily ignitable, and does not require the use of solvents or of expensive spheroidal magnesium granules for its manufacture.

Abstract: This invention concerns a melt explosive composition which comprises at least one oxygen-releasing salt, for example ammonium nitrate, at least one melt soluble fuel material, for example urea, and at least one naphthalenesulfonate derivative selected from the condensates of formaldehyde and naphthalenesulfonic acids and the alkali and alkaline earth metal salts thereof, for example disodium methylene-bis(naphthalene-.beta.-sulfonic acid). The explosive compositions show a considerable improvement in detonation sensitivity in small diameter boreholes.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition having excellent storage stability, low-temperature detonability and explosion reactivity is disclosed, which comprises (a) a disperse phase formed of an inorganic nitrate consisting mainly of ammonium nitrate, (b) a continuous phase formed of an oil, (c) an emulsifier, (d) hollow microspheres and/or a chemical foaming agent, and (e) an inorganic chlorate.

Abstract: The invention concerns an emulsion explosive of the water-in-fuel type which has as its discontinuous phase an oxidizing salt-containing component, and as its continuous phase a fuel component which is immiscible with the discontinuous phase, the continuous phase comprising at least a proportion of polymer in liquid form or in finely divided particle form. A method of making the explosive is also described.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion explosive comprising 1 to 10% by weight of a continous phase of a petroleum wax having a melting point of 160.degree. F. or more and containing 30% by weight or more of a urea-non-adduct component, 50 to 95% by weight of a discontinuous phase of an aqueous oxidizer solution containing ammonium nitrate as a major component, and 0.5 to 7% by weight of an emulsifier of an organic surface active agent wherein an unsaturated long-chain aliphatic acid constitutes a hydrophobic group.

Abstract: Gas generating compositions comprising a cyanamide compound and an oxidant therefor. The compositions produce non-toxic, low temperature gases which are especially useful for inflating vehicle passive restraint crash bags.

Abstract: This application relates to the art of pyrotechnics and specifically concerns an improvement in the process for preparing granulated pyrotechnic compositions.

Abstract: An ignition enhancer coating composition for pyrotechnic propellants comprised of about 60 to 95 wt. % of an inorganic oxidizer; about 5 to 20 wt. % of an oxygen-containing polymeric compound; about 0 to 10 wt. % polyethylene; about 0 to 10 wt. % of a transition-metal oxide; and about 0 to 5 wt. % carbon black. This invention also relates to a pyrotechnic propellant coated with said ignition enhancer composition.

Abstract: An ignition enhancer coating composition for alkali metal azide pyrotechnic propellant compositions comprised of about 2 to 15 weight percent of an oxygen-containing polymeric compound; about 20 to 50 weight percent of an alkali metal azide; and about 40 to 80 weight percent of an inorganic oxidizer. This invention also relates to a pyrotechnic propellant coated with said ignition enhancer composition.

Abstract: Starch is used as a fuel/binder in pyrotechnic propellant compositions suitable for use in vehicle safety restraint systems.

Abstract: This invention relates to organic dye compositions of improved mechanical properties and to a method of coating the dye with an inert coating material which enables the production of pour-castable colored smoke-producing compositions of high solids loading, particularly when a red dye e.g. Disperse Red 9, is employed.

Abstract: A pourable blasting agent of high water resistance, having controlled density and bulk blasting strength greater than that of conventional ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) mixtures, comprises two main essential components, i.e. (1) 40 to 60% by weight of a dry or essentially dry, solid, particulate oxidizer salt, with or without added fuel oil for oxygen balance and (2) 60 to 40% of a water-in-oil emulsion containing oxidizer salt dissolved in water and combined with an oily vehicle held in stable emulsion condition with a small quantity of water-in-oil emulsifier, the emulsion also containing a density controlled sensitizer such as hollow glass beads, polystyrene beads, microballoons or equivalent. The first component is preferably a fertilizer grade prilled ammonium nitrate, with or without added oil; the second is of heavy oil or grease consistency having high resistance to the extraction of salt therefrom in water and being of substantially higher bulk density than the particulate material.

Abstract: A water-gel explosive comprising ammonium nitrate alone or in admixture with other inorganic oxidized acid salt, water, nitroparaffin having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a gelatinizing agent for water, a gelatinizing agent for nitroparaffin, glass hollow microspheres and an amide has a high initiation sensitivity even at low temperature.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic composition comprising:About 15 to 30% by weight of tartaric acid;About 40 to 75% by weight of sodium chlorate; andAbout 10 to 30% by weight of calcium hydroxide.The invention also relates to a method of inflating an inflatable automobile safety restraint comprising the step of substantially completely inflating the restraint with the gaseous composition products of combustion of a composition comprising:About 15 to 30% by weight of tartaric acid;About 40 to 75% by weight of sodium chlorate; andAbout 10 to 30% by weight of calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: Water-in-oil explosive compositions containing perchlorates and occluded air are provided which are detonable by a standard No. 8 blasting cap and which contain from about 14 to about 20 weight percent water, from about 3 to about 7 weight percent fuel, from about 56 to about 63 weight percent ammonium nitrate, from about 2 to about 12 weight percent of another inorganic nitrate, and from about 3 to about 12 weight percent of an inorganic perchlorate. The fuel material further comprises from about 0.5 to about 1.5% of a water-in-oil emulsifier, from 0 to about 1% oil, and at least 2% wax, based upon the weight of the emulsion.

Abstract: A slurry explosive composition which contains fibrous material as a rheology modifying agent.

Abstract: A process for making an explosive composition which process comprises heating a mixture comprising at least one oxygen releasing salt and at least one compound selected from a class of melt soluble fuel materials so as to form a melt, and adding to the melt an amount of oxygen releasing salt material whereby there is formed an explosive composition which is pourable, pumpable or flowable over a wide range of temperature. Explosive compositions are described also.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic composition comprising:About 1 to 20% by weight of a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyacetal resins, polyvinyl acetate resins and mixtures thereof;About 30 to 80% by weight of an alkali metal chlorite, such as sodium chlorite or potassium chlorite; andAbout 20 to 60% by weight of a coolant selected from the group consisting of calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A case bonded end burning solid propellant rocket motor utilizing a propellant having sufficiently low modulus to avoid chamber buckling on cooling from cure and sufficiently high elongation to sustain the stresses induced without cracking, the propellant being zone cured within the motor case at high pressures equal to or approaching the pressure at which the motor will operate during combustion. A solid propellant motor having a burning time long enough that its spacecraft would be limited to a maximum acceleration of less than 1 g is provided by one version of the case bonded end burning solid propellant motor of the invention.

Abstract: Water-in-oil explosive compositions are provided which are No. 6 cap sensitive in cartridges having diameters of 1.25 inches and less and which contain from about 3.5 to about 8% by weight of a hydrocarbon fuel including an emulsifier, from about 10 to about 22% by weight of water, from about 0.25 to about 15% by weight of closed cell void containing materials, from about 65 to about 85% by weight of inorganic oxidizer salt, optionally, up to about 15% by weight of an auxiliary fuel and no explosive ingredients nor detonation catalysts.

Abstract: Gelled explosive compositions, sensitized with water-in-oil explosive emulsions, are provided which do not require high explosive sensitizing agents and which contain oxidizing salts, water, gelling agents, and, optionally, bulking agents and fuels, as well as from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of a water-in-oil explosive emulsion sensitizer which can be of the cap sensitive or cap insensitive variety.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to thermosetting molding compounds and more particularly to a pyrotechnic filled thermosetting compound comprising a blend of unfilled diallyl phthalate molding powder and a pyrotechnic mixture.

Abstract: This invention describes a method of preparation of sensitized dry blasting agents comprising a mixture of granular/powder ammonium nitrate with or without Sodium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Calcium Nitrate, etc. fuel(s), and at least one sensitizer. The aid sensitizer is selected from the group comprising nitrate, chlorate, perchlorate and an organic derivative of a metal, which can exhibit variable valency and whose oxides and hydroxides are weakly basic in nature, e.g., iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, copper, lead, etc.Unlike the dry blasting agents known in prior art, the sensitized dry blasting agents can be detonated in small diameter boreholes with a generally available low strength detonator or specially made powerful detonator.

Abstract: A non-toxic smoke composition for use in simulating fires in damage control xercises and for use in training. Transcinnamic acid is used as the smoke producing agent and is volatilized by energy from a potassium chlorate/sugar mixture which provides a low burning temperature.

Abstract: A slurry explosive composition comprising an inorganic oxidizing acid salt, water, a combustible material, a thickener, a nitroparaffin and an amide is very sensitive and stable, and can be detonated at low temperature without the use of primer.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic signal providing smoke and flame and which is launchable from nderwater. Launching of the signal from underwater arms the signal, however, the signal is not initiated until the ambient sea pressure reaches a predetermined pressure valve. When this predetermined pressure valve is reached, sea water enters a cavity and energizes a battery which detonates an electric squib. The squib, in turn, ignites a smoke composition in the signal housing.

Abstract: A blue-burning pyrotechnic tracer mix which provides a smoke trail even ar the blue flame is no longer visible to thus extend the visible range of the projectile in which the mixture is employed, the pyrotechnic mixture comprising by weight percent: 6-10% potassium perchlorate, 11-18% magnesium, 10-20% cupric chloride anhydrous, 35-45% barium nitrate, 12-18% hexachlorobenzene, 5-10% sulfur.

Abstract: A stable, gelled, water-bearing explosive composition and a process for making same. The composition comprises at least one water-soluble inorganic oxygen releasing salt; at least one fuel; water; and at least one gum selected from the group consisting of galactomannans and xanthans crosslinked in situ with a crosslinking agent comprising a redox system which system comprises at least one arsenious compound.