Abstract: A robot cleaner to perform cleaning without interruption of travel when passing over an obstacle. The robot cleaner includes a main body, and drive devices at left and right sides of the main body. Each drive device includes a main wheel to drive the main body, a drive motor to rotate the main wheel, a gear assembly to transmit power from the drive motor to the main wheel, a drive shaft to assist the main wheel in rotating by rotation power, and an auxiliary wheel connected to a distal end of the drive shaft so as to be located closer to the center of the main body than the main wheel. If the main wheel is lifted from a floor when passing over an obstacle during traveling, the auxiliary wheel protrudes downward to reach the floor, assisting the main body in traveling to escape from the obstacle.

Abstract: An oral care instrument, such as a customized mouthpiece, which is motorized to brush teeth and activate prescribed irrigative cleaning agents, is described. The user's own mouthpiece is prescribed by providing a mold. It is possibly made of several different substances, onto which will be designed the needed elements to activate the cleaning process in the congenial method, according to the severity of the user's oral condition. The different elements used to customize the prescription will consist of various features, including bristles that are changed to pre-selected angular dispositions according to the user's condition. The motorized mouthpiece will also contain tiny jet nozzles that shoot pulsating jets of pressurized water, combined with other cleaning agents to cure and prevent the user of developing oral diseases.

Abstract: An automatic machine for cleaning wallboards, such as the wallboards of wall, glass or solar panels. Pluralities of long axial tracks are arranged parallel in an array. Water guide pipes and electric rails are formed on the long axial tracks. The walls of the water guide pipes are provided with a plurality of magnetic valves at intervals. Sliding engine bases are arranged on the long axial tracks. The sliding engine bases are provided with conduction frames corresponding to the electric rails and a long axial magnet body which can open and close cleaning water by magnetic force relative to the magnetic valves. At least two brush supporting bases are provided movably on the corresponding sliding engine bases to close to or leave away from the sliding engine bases by a power extending object. A long axial brush is provided between two nearby brush supporting bases of the sliding engine bases. The setting direction of the long axial brush is vertical to that of the long axial tracks.

Abstract: A hands-free simultaneous whole-mouth teeth cleaner is disclosed for brushing a user's teeth all at once, without requiring manual manipulation, thereby enabling the user to engage in other activities while his teeth are being brushed. The hands-free simultaneous whole-mouth teeth cleaner includes top and bottom brush trays which include tooth-brushing material (such as bristles) for contacting the user's teeth, a motor housed within a motor case located in the space formed by the brush trays, and a switch for actuating the motor. In some embodiments the hands-free simultaneous whole-mouth teeth cleaner includes a handle for easy insertion and removal. In some embodiments, the tooth-brushing material is capable of contacting all sides of a user's teeth, as well as the gum line. Other embodiments include an external surface capable of providing non-irritating frictional contact to soft tissue of a user's mouth.

Abstract: An autonomous cleaning apparatus including a body, a brush unit which is rotatably installed onto the body to collect dust from a bottom of the body, and a brush cleaning member including a first brush cleaning protrusion and a second brush cleaning protrusion that protrude toward the brush unit to make contact with the brush unit to remove foreign substances wound around the brush unit.

Abstract: An oral care implement may include a base portion sized for insertion into an oral cavity and a plurality of flexible, elastomeric elements extending from the base portion, wherein each of the plurality of flexible, elastomeric elements comprises an edge, wherein at least one of the edges comprises a micro edge, and wherein the plurality of flexible, elastomeric elements comprises an element density of less than about 5 mm.

Abstract: Embodiments of solar panel cleaning apparatuses, solar panel cleaning systems, and solar panel cleaning methods are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the disclosed solar panel cleaning apparatuses, systems and methods do may not require any water or other cleaning liquids in the whole cleaning process, which makes them prominent well suited in for water-deficit environments such as deserts. In one embodiment, the solar panel cleaning apparatus comprises one or more rotatable brushes each having a rotational axis and a drive configured to move each of the one or more rotatable brushes in a direction that is not perpendicular to the rotational axis. The solar panel cleaning apparatus is may be configured such that the angle of the rotational axis of at least one of the one or more rotatable brushes is adjustable relative to the direction of travel.

Abstract: A road sweeper is provided with a rotatingly drivable sweeping brush, a sweepings container, a suction blower in flow communication with the sweeping brush for taking in dust-containing air, and at least one filter for separating dust from the air drawn in, wherein the filter can be acted upon on the clean side with external air stored in a pressure container and subject to pressure, via at least one external air valve for cleaning. In order for the filter to be cleaned off with as small an amount of external air as possible, the pressure container can have a pressure container wall located opposite the clean side of the at least one filter, the at least one external air valve being arranged on the wall, wherein a section of a suction conduit extends between the pressure container wall and the clean side of the filter.

Abstract: A device for cleaning a surface (11) comprises at least one rotatable brush (3,4) which is provided with flexible brush elements (18) for contacting the surface (11) and picking up dirt particles (10) and liquid which are present on the surface (11) during a dirt pick-up period of each revolution of the brush (3, 4), and means for driving the brush (3, 4). A linear mass density of the flexible brush elements (18) is chosen such as to be lower than 50 g per 10 km, at least at tip portions, and an acceleration at tips of the brush elements (18) is set such as to be at least 3,000 m/sec2, at least at some time during another period of each revolution of the brush (3, 4) than the dirt pick-up period, namely a period in which the brush elements (18) are free from contact to the surface (11).

Abstract: A barbeque grill cleaning device including a soaking container, in which the grill may be submerged in a cleaning liquid, and a rotary scrubbing head for scrubbing the grill while positioned in the soaking container. The barbeque grill cleaning device includes: a container defining a cavity shaped and sized for receiving a barbeque grill therein; and a scrubbing head for scrubbing the barbeque grill, the scrubbing head is rotatable relative to the container; such that the cleaning of the barbeque grill is aided by a scrubbing action as a result of contact between the barbeque grill and the rotating scrubbing head.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, there is provided a marine growth removal device, adapted to be mounted to a drive motor which allows the marine growth removal device to be rotatable about an axis, the marine growth removal device including: a base structure having a top surface; and a plurality of rigid stripping elements rotatably mounted to the base structure, wherein a stripping portion of the plurality of rigid stripping elements passes through the base structure to extend from the top surface of the base structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cleaning surfaces, having a cleaning head which includes at least one base part and at least one brush arrangement, in particular a cylindrical brush roller, attached to the base part; and a fluid drive for the brush arrangement which is at least partly integrated into the base part and which is designed to convert the flow energy of a fluid supplied to the base part under pressure into a cleaning movement of the brush arrangement.

Abstract: An actuator allows miniaturization by realizing back-and-forth rotating motion of, for example, an electric brush without a drive transmitting mechanism which constitutes a separate entity from a drive source. In a movable body (160) of this actuator (100), an outer yoke (110) is provided with inner wall planes (112a and 113a) located opposing each other spaced a predetermined interval apart and magnets (121 and 123) of different magnetic poles opposing each other in the inner walls planes (112a and 113a). The movable body (160) has a center yoke (140) located between the magnets (121 and 124) through air gaps. The movable body (160) is provided with a shaft (150). The fixed body (180) has a coil (170) which is located in the air gaps and which circles the center yoke (140). The fixed body (180) movably supports the movable body (160) through elastic bodies (190).

Abstract: Device for processing a ground surface of artificial turf comprising filler, the device comprising a frame (11) and moving means arranged for moving the device over the ground surface in a working direction, a supplier arranged for taking up a flow of material from the ground surface, such as dirt and filler, and for supplying the flow to a processing device (3) arranged for processing the flow of material, wherein the supplier extends at a distance above the ground surface and that the device further comprises an engaging device (41) arranged for engaging the material on the ground surface for loosening said material.

Abstract: An automatic coin—or electronic card—operated washing machine and dryer for helmets, which operates as an automatic and autonomous vending service machine and combines the quick and effective washing of a helmet with the protection of its parts and units and comprises a body (1), where the washing chamber (2) is located. The washing chamber (2), where all cleaning operations of the helmet take place, is supplied with a waterproof gate (17) which is connected thereto. The washing chamber (2) is connected to the brush and spraying mechanism, the wring mechanism (11) and the drying mechanism. The invented washing machine is connected to the water supply through a pipe (4), a water discharge pipe (3) the operation thereof is electronically controlled by an operation control system (14) which is connected to a main server (via a modem).

Abstract: Embodiments are described wherein a system for brushing the teeth of a person comprises a master input device; a flexible teeth tray configured to at least partially encapsulate one or more of the teeth in a flexible substrate material, the flexible teeth tray comprising one or more vibratory transducers removably coupled to one or more brushing panels; and a controller operatively coupled to the master input device and the one or more vibratory transducers; wherein subject to an input from the master input device, the controller is configured to cause reciprocating brushing motion of the one or more brushing panels against a surface of the one or more encapsulated teeth, to clean the one or more teeth.

Abstract: A keyboard includes a housing defining a dust opening, a plurality of rows of keys mounted in the housing with two of the a plurality of lines of the keys forming a horizontal gap and at least one cleaning device. Each of the cleaning devices is secured in one of the horizontal gaps. The cleaning device includes a driving rod and a cleaning brush. One end of the driving rod is rotatably fixed to the sidewall of the housing, and the other is driven to rotate the driving rod. The driving rod defines an outer threading thereon. The cleaning brush includes a sleeve and a plurality of arms fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve. The sleeve defines an inner thread cooperated with the outer thread of the driving rod. The driving rod rotates to move the cleaning brush along the driving rod.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaning device particularly for grassed areas. The cleaning device includes a cylindrical brush in contact with a rear roller to clean the roller. The brush can be adjusted to a working height relative to the chassis of the device, along an arcuate path having a center situated on the longitudinal axis of the roller.

Abstract: An oral hygiene device includes a handle and a cleaning head supported on one end of the handle. A vibratory source is supported on the handle and is operative to generate vibratory output. A mounting element is disposed between the handle and the vibratory source. A connecting member extends between the vibratory source and the cleaning head, and is adapted to generate motion at the cleaning head in response to the vibratory output generated at the vibratory source.

Abstract: The utility model relates to a technical field of eccentric structure, which is about an eccentric component and a cleaning brush. The eccentric component comprise of: an axle and a cylinder connected coaxially with such axle, a wedge is set eccentrically on a bottom surface of the cylinder. Said wedge has a convex curved cylindrical surface. The utility model can improve the antiwear property of the eccentric component and prolong its service life through the convex cruved cylindrical surface, which applies the force by linear contact onto the driving block on the application end to make it move reciprocatingly.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a blade maintenance vehicle. The blade maintenance vehicle includes a self-contained balance configured to stabilize the blade maintenance vehicle on an upwardly facing edge of a horizontally positioned wind turbine blade.

Abstract: The power toothbrush includes a handle (12) and a brushhead (18) having a conductive electrode sensing element (25) therein. The toothbrush includes a driver assembly (14) for the brushhead and a sensor system (28) for measuring the capacitance between the sensing element on/in the brushhead and an electronics ground (27) in the handle of the toothbrush. A microprocessor/controller (26) is programmed to determine whether the measured capacitance is above a threshold value, which indicates that the toothbrush is near or within the mouth of the user. The microprocessor actuates the driver assembly for operation of the toothbrush when the capacitance value is above the threshold value.

Abstract: A stem web is disclosed that comprises a backing layer having a first surface and a second surface, and an array of 600 to 20000 upstanding stems projecting from the first surface of the backing. The stems comprise a height from 0.3 and 2.0 millimeters and a shore hardness less than 90A. In one embodiment, the stem web further comprises a reinforcing layer secured to the second surface. In one embodiment, the stem web is secured to a tool to be passed across a surface to be cleaned to capture lint and hair.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for cleaning wheel rims. Said device is used for removing sticky excess powdered pigments from the flange and hub of the rims prior to the baking process during powder coating. The inventive device comprises a first brush which can be introduced into the hub of a rim that is to be cleaned as well as a second brush which is concentrically disposed around the first brush and rests against the flange surface of the rim when the first brush is inserted in the hub of the rim. The first brush can be axially displaced relative to the second brush and is spring-mounted on the second brush. Furthermore, a drive unit is provided which rotates the first and the second brush by a specific angle, respectively.

Abstract: Mat washing device, method of using the mat washing device, and method of washing mats. The mat washing device includes a system that may be transported on a flat bed trailer from one location to another. The mat washing device includes conveying systems, brush systems, rails systems and control mechanisms. The mat washing device may be used by placing mat, on edge, on a conveying system and conveying the mat to a first brushing system and a second brushing system. In one aspect the first brushing system includes a cable brush having a bolt secured at the end of a cable in order to beat or brush material from the mat when the cable brush is spun.

Abstract: The portable back scrubbing device provides a polygon frame with beveled edge with perimeter lighting, as well as spaced apart lighting. The device stresses aesthetic appeal, lighting for ease of use in a shower, for example, and a plurality of scrubbing options. The plurality of scrubbing pads is provided in different pads that may be provided in varied heights and widths. Some pads are capable of opposite rotations of other pads for greater effectiveness in any use. The numerous suction cups provide for ensured, removable attachment to many surfaces. The various controls provide for rotation of the circular platform and for rotation of the platform brushes to be opposite that of the platform. Of the many functions, the circular platform motor may also provide for vibration of the pads. Soap control provides for control of liquids to be supplied to a plurality of the pads.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaning apparatus, in particular to a portable hand cleaner, having a plurality of cleaning members which are in particular of brush type and which are arranged at a common carrier and can be set into rotation by means of a fluid, in particular water, supplied to the cleaning apparatus.

Abstract: A brush system (1) for a labeling machine (40) is disclosed. The brush system (1) comprises a carrier (30) with a plurality of receptacles (32) and at least two brush elements (10) removably attached to the carrier (30). Each brush element (10) comprises a brush body (11) with a functional side (13) on a first side of the brush body (11), the functional side (13) having bristles (14), and with a carrier side (12) on a second side of the brush body (11). The carrier side (12) of each brush element (10) exhibits at least one clamping means (15), which together with a receptacle (32) of the carrier (30) provides for a removable attachment. Each clamping means (15) exhibits at least two elastic catch hooks (16), which lock into one of the receptacles (32).

Abstract: Cleaning apparatus has a matrix of brush assemblies (10) mounted on a support member (11) such that they are movable both in rotation (x) and in an axial direction (y). The brush assemblies comprise a cleaning brush (15) axially moveable within a gear wheel (22) and rotatable therewith during normal use. Each gear wheel meshes with an adjacent gear wheel to ensure that rotation of one brush causes rotation of the rest of the brushes in the matrix. When any given brush is retracted fully in an axial direction it is disconnected from its respective gear wheel such that it does not rotate therewith and is effectively removed from the drive chain.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a dovetail in a dynamoelectric machine is provided. The apparatus includes a housing, at least two pads for treating, cleaning or polishing a dovetail surface, at least a pair of guide wheels for aligning the apparatus within the dovetail, and at least one motor connected to the pads. The motor is operatively configured to rotate the pads. The dovetail surface is treated, cleaned or polished by sliding the apparatus along the dovetail and activating the motor to rotate the pads.

Abstract: A cleaning method according to embodiments of the present invention is a cleaning method of cleaning residues from a semiconductor substrate by rotating a roll brush, the method having cleaning residues from the semiconductor substrate while pressing the roll brush against the semiconductor substrate with a first pressure of 7.35 kPa or lower, and cleaning residues from the semiconductor substrate while pressing the roll brush against the semiconductor substrate with a second pressure higher than 7.35 kPa.

Abstract: A dusting equipment (1) for dusting a substantially parallelepiped-shaped or prism-shaped item (9), in particular a book. The equipment comprises a dusting station (6), a carriage (4) and motive means (44, 51, 55) adapted to move the carriage (4) with a reciprocating motion along a moving path between a first position for receiving the item (9) and a second end-of-stroke position. The carriage (4) is adapted to move the item (9) through the dusting station (6) during a motion between the first receiving position and the second end-of-stroke position, and vice versa.

Abstract: A device and method is disclosed incorporating a bath brush assembly for attachment to a bathtub or shower. The device includes a base structure having at least one movable brush, a power producing system to move the at the least one movable brush, a mounting structure to attach the base structure to a bathtub or shower. The base structure has a plurality of movable brushes, and the power producing system includes a pulley system connected to the plurality of movable brushes to rotate the plurality of brushes.

Abstract: A powered brush is provided comprising a plurality of automated bristles that are driven in order to facilitate application of shave cream to a user's face while raising hairs off the face and stimulating, exfoliating, lubricating and moisturizing the skin. The powered brush comprises a handle having a top end, a bottom end and a longitudinal axis therebetween. A brush head comprises a plurality of bristles projecting away from the top end in a longitudinal direction is attached to a brush cup which is disposed at the top end of the handle and is movable relative thereto. An internal mechanism couples a motor drive shaft to the brush cup. The internal mechanism translates rotational movement of the motor drive shaft to reciprocating motion of the brush cup causing the brush cup and corresponding brush head attached thereto to oscillate linearly in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An integrated cleaner for processing disks is provided. The integrated cleaner includes a pair of spaced apart scrubbers each having a plurality of spaced apart brushes disposed along a length of the scrubbers, the pair of spaced apart scrubbers oriented horizontally and configured to receive a vertically oriented disk therebetween. A track is disposed below a gap defined between the pair of spaced apart scrubbers. The track guides an edge of the disk as the disk travels between ends of the pair of spaced apart scrubbers. The plurality of spaced apart brushes includes a first and/or second pair of opposing brushes having a roughness that is greater than a second and/or third pair of brushes downstream from the first and/or second pair of brushes, respectively. The integrated cleaner includes an edge cleaner configured to exert a force along an edge of the vertically oriented disk during a portion of travel of the vertically oriented disk along the track. A method of cleaning a substrate is also provided.

Abstract: A rotary turbine cleaning device for cleaning semiconductor fabrication equipment works in conjunction with a clean room vacuum or other vacuum or other air pump. The fluid flow created by the vacuum action causes the rotors of the turbine assembly to rotate, thereby rotating the cleaning head. Attached to the cleaning head are bristles or other cleaning media which may dislodge particles from surfaces. The dislodged particles are drawn into the tube through an opening at the end of the tube and the vacuum action.

Abstract: A fluid rotation drive, in particular for cleaning apparatus, having at least one drive wheel, in particular a turbine wheel or bucket wheel, which can be directly set into rotation about a drive axis by the action of a supplied fluid, in particular supplied in jet form; having at least one planetary transmission, with a sun gear of the planetary transmission being connected to the drive wheel; and having a housing which includes the drive wheel and the planetary transmission and which has at least one inlet for the fluid supplied for acting on the drive wheel, with a first ring region for the fluid being defined by the drive wheel and the housing and a second ring region for the fluid being defined by a toothed arrangement of an annulus gear of the planetary transmission, and with the first ring region and the second ring region being arranged in direct spatial proximity to one another.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning surfaces has a cleaning head which includes a base part and at least two brush elements which are provided at opposite the sides of the base part and which can be set into a cleaning movement relative to the base part. A fluid drive is integrated into the base part and is designed to convert the flow energy of a fluid supplied to the base part under pressure into the cleaning movement of the brush elements. The fluid drive has a drive member, in particular a turbine wheel or a bucket wheel, which is driven by the fluid and by which both brush elements can be driven together.

Abstract: A cutting accessory for use with a powered surgical tool. The accessory includes a drive shaft to which an outer hub is attached. Internal to the outer hub is a self-contained transponder formed from an RFID chip and a coil of electrical conductor embedded within a solid substrate or encapsulated within a plastic enclosure. The transponder wirelessly communicates one or more pieces of information concerning the identity and operation of the accessory to the surgical tool when the accessory is attached to the surgical tool.

Abstract: A cleaning station that includes a container designed to hold a solvent and having a floor and two pairs of side walls connected to form an enclosure, with a first shelf disposed at a location elevated in relation to the container floor and a second shelf disposed above the first shelf, the second shelf being slidable and being removably provided, there being brushes located in an opening in the first shelf that may be used for cleaning tools and a plurality of additional openings in the first shelf to allow the passage of solvent.

Abstract: A resonant motor unit that has a resonant motor, a control unit, a measurement unit, and an evaluation unit is described. The control unit drives the resonant motor at a driving frequency, short-circuits the resonant motor during at least a first short-circuiting phase in successive driving cycles and concludes the first short-circuiting phases by switching off the current flow through the resonant motor at least at a predetermined first time instant within the driving cycles. The measurement unit successively measures at least a first voltage signal provided by the resonant motor at the predetermined first time instant, and the evaluation unit for determines whether the first voltage signal has changed between successive measurements.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a bristle for a toothbrush, said bristle being comprised of a plastic monofilament, with the preferably cloverleaf-shaped bristle body having several longitudinal ribs arranged in star shape and projecting laterally from a core section of the bristle body. The invention is also directed to a brush head for an electric toothbrush having at least one bristle tuft with at least one such bristle as well as to an electric toothbrush having such a brush head. According to the invention, the bristle of the type initially referred to is configured to be self-fanning in such a manner that the cleaning forces acting on the bristles during normal brushing cause the bristle to split open at its free end. As a result, the need to use complex splitting methods and corresponding splitting machines in the manufacture of the toothbrush can be obviated.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for a friction stir welding tool cleaning method and apparatus for fixed and retractable pin tools. The method and apparatus use a heating component, a temperature indicator component, a controller component, and a rotatable tool cleaner component for cleaning fixed pin tools. An additional bore cleaner component is used for cleaning retractable pin tools. Heat is applied to a friction stir welding tool having a surface with weld process residue material until the process residue material is sufficiently plasticized, and then the tool cleaner component is applied to the heated tool to remove the plasticized residue on the pin and shoulder surfaces of the tool, and for retractable pin tools, the bore cleaner component is applied to the heated tool to remove the plasticized residue in the tool bore.

Abstract: The disclosure details a device for cleaning and scrubbing that has a tub and a cylindrical brush rotatably mounted within its interior. The tub has a bottom, side walls, a front wall, back wall, and an open top. The device also includes a cover positioned within the tub; the cover has a shroud portion positioned over at least a portion of the brush as well as a generally planar portion that extends from the shroud to a location adjacent the bottom of the tub. The inventive device is well-suited for cleaning and scrubbing tools and implements that may be commonly used in the construction and/or remodeling industry.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a shoe and foot cleaning apparatus. The apparatus includes a mounting unit for installing the apparatus into the ground and an internal frame. Positioned onto the internal frame is a collection plate, a rotational drive system, a motor. The plurality of brush pads are removably positioned along the rotational drive system, and can travel along the path of the drive system. A portion of the brush pads can extend through a plurality of slots positioned at the top of the apparatus in order to clean the shoe and foot of a user.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cleaning device for cleaning a driver used in a disk drive manufacturing process. The cleaning device includes: a body; a replaceable cleaning pad mounted in the body; and a cover mounted to the body over the cleaning pad, in which, the cover includes an opening to receive the driver and to expose a portion of the cleaning pad to receive and clean the driver. The cleaning device further includes a cleaning pad rotation mechanism mounted in the body that connects to the cleaning pad and rotates the cleaning pad. The cleaning pad rotation mechanism is configured to rotate the cleaning pad such that an unused portion of the cleaning pad is exposed to the opening for receipt of the driver and the cleaning pad rotation mechanism may be activated to rotate the cleaning pad.

Abstract: A device 1 serves for the cleaning and care of mechanical shaving devices 6 having a blade 7 arranged in a head part 9 and a handle 8. The device 1 has two or three processing stations 3, 4, 5 for receiving the head parts 9 of the shaving devices 6. A first processing station 3 serves for cleaning these head parts 9, and a second processing station 4 serves for mechanically processing the blade.

Abstract: A toothbrush has a removable end cap at its free end area directed away from the bristles, which end cap closes off an inner space of a grip element. The end cap accommodates an electrical control element, in particular a potentiometer, which can be adjusted via an adjustment element arranged rotatably on the end cap. The toothbrush also comprises an electrical power consumption unit, in particular an electric motor, which is designed to set the bristles in vibration. The energy supply from an energy reservoir arranged in the interior to the electrical power consumption unit can be adjusted continuously by means of the control element, as a result of which the vibration intensity of the bristles can be steplessly adjusted.

Abstract: A method of removing at least a portion of an interaction layer on an electrode region of a solar substrate is provided. The method includes a step of providing a solar substrate including an absorbing region and an electrode region. The absorbing region including an absorbing layer configured to convert light energy into electrical energy. The electrode region is substantially free of the absorbing layer, and the electrode region includes an interaction layer. The method also includes a step of brushing the electrode region to remove at least a portion of the interaction layer.

Abstract: A wafer side edge cleaning apparatus includes: a cleaning device including a fixing element and a wafer brush disposed beneath the fixing element. The wafer brush is in the shape of a frustum. The frustum has a tapered surface contacting with a side edge of a wafer. The top surface of the frustum is larger than the bottom surface of the frustum. When cleaning the side edge of the wafer, the wafer and the wafer brush are rotated in different directions and a cleaning solution flows out from the fixing element rinses and washes the side edge brush.