Abstract: This application discloses devices, articles, and methods useful for producing lyophilized cakes of solutes. The devices and articles provide for a method of freezing liquid solutions of the solute by the top and the bottom of the solution simultaneously. The as frozen solution then provides a lyophilized cake of the solutes with large and uniform pores.

Abstract: The present invention, the floating salt farm, is a system situated at offshore locations for producing crystallized salt and bittern through the evaporation of seawater. The energy storage tank, which is a floating salt farm component, is a storing component for accumulating electricity generated from various energy sources. A plurality of photovoltaic panels is fixed on the buoyant foundation situated at offshore locations or a barge, which is a movable structure.

Abstract: A floating salt farm in which its purpose is to produce crystallized salt and bittern at offshore locations through the evaporation process using extracted seawater. The floating salt farm components can be consisted of a seawater tank, an evaporator tank, a heating tank, a deposit tank, a storage tank, and photovoltaic panels, which these components are installed onto the buoyant foundation. The evaporator tank component can consist of an evaporator plate and an evaporator bin. The evaporator plate, which captures the produced crystallized salt during the evaporation process, has a sieve surface. The contents inside the evaporator bin can affect the properties of the produced crystallized salt and bittern, such as their mineral compositions, during the evaporation process. The seawater can be extracted from desired water depths and/or in the proximity of volcanic sites, in which the seawater can have affected mineral compositions due to volcanic activity.

Abstract: The vaporizer assembly includes a nail sub-assembly formed of a high rate of heat transfer material and an adapter assembly formed of a lower rate of heat transfer material. The nail sub-assembly includes a bowl at an upper end and a shaft extending down from the bowl. The shaft has a hollow bore passing therethrough. The nail sub-assembly is preferably formed of a titanium alloy which can be heated to high temperatures without damage thereto. The adapter has a hollow core sized to receive the shaft of the nail therein. The nail is preferably threaded along with portions of the adapter to facilitate height adjustability of the nail relative to the adapter. Lower portions of the adapter are configured to mate with a water pipe inlet tube or other downstream vapor handling device.

Abstract: A water condenser comprising a primary entry access, and an air entry access so as to bring air inside. A junction between a condensate reservoir passageway and a main passageway to control air flow. The condensate reservoir passageway leads to a condensate reservoir; the main passageway provides access to condensation chambers. A boiler located in the center of the water condenser below the first and second condensation chambers heats up humid air which rises as steam into the first and second condensation chambers where it condenses on the cold surfaces of the walls and ceiling.

Abstract: A floating salt farm in which its purpose is to produce crystallized salt and bittern at offshore locations.

Abstract: A mobile waste processing system and method is disclosed for processing materials in a tank, typically an underground storage tank. A mobile fluid processing module is disposed adjacent to or over the tank, and sealingly connected to the tank through a tank riser. Support equipment, which may include an electric power module, a chiller module, a heating module, and a control and monitor module, are disposed a distance from the processing module, and connected thereto. A pump and optionally a dispersal nozzle are deployed from the processing module into the tank, and effluent is extracted for processing. The processing trailer includes effluent processing equipment such as an evaporator and demister, condenser, vacuum pump, and interim storage tank. The effluent is processed, and at least a portion is removed. Some of the processed effluent may be returned to the tank.

Abstract: A self-contained evaporation system for use in disposing of excess water from oil and gas drilling operations is provided. The system includes a water holding tank in which the wastewater is preheated, an evaporation chamber mounted over the holding tank and having an open top, a nozzle system located within the chamber for producing a fine liquid mist, and fans disposed within the chamber for producing an air flow that carries the mist out the open top of the chamber. The system can be set up and taken down by one person in an hour or less, can be used with pond or tank operations, and is capable of operating in high winds and sub-zero temperatures. The system can be carried and mounted on a trailer for easy transport to and from various drilling sites.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a comprehensive, efficient, and cost effective portable evaporator unit, method, and system for the treatment of brine. The evaporator unit, method, and system require a pretreatment process that removes heavy metals, crude oil, and other contaminates in preparation for the evaporator unit. The pretreatment and the evaporator unit, method, and system process metals and brine at the site where they are generated (the well site). Thus, saving significant money to producers who can avoid present and future increases in transportation costs.

Abstract: The invention relates to an evaporation apparatus for depositing material on a vertically oriented substrate (10). The apparatus comprises at least one evaporation crucible (100) with the evaporation crucible (100) having an evaporation surface (120) for evaporating the material (300) wherein the evaporation surface is inclined at an inclination angle (?) in relation to the horizontal. The invention further provides a method for evaporating a substrate with the steps of providing a vertically oriented substrate (10); providing a crucible having an evaporation surface (120) for evaporating a material; evaporating the material on the evaporation surface (120) that is inclined at an inclination angle (?) in relation to the horizontal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a comprehensive, efficient, and cost effective portable evaporator unit, method, and system for the treatment of brine. The evaporator unit, method, and system require a pretreatment process that removes heavy metals, crude oil, and other contaminates in preparation for the evaporator unit. The pretreatment and the evaporator unit, method, and system process metals and brine at the site where they are generated (the well site). Thus, saving significant money to producers who can avoid present and future increases in transportation costs.

Abstract: A relatively simple portable evaporator for quickly evaporating large volumes of water includes a stand with adjustable legs, a frame carrying a tubular housing and a motor rotatably mounted on the stand for rotation around a vertical axis, a fan in the housing driven by the motor, a nozzle rotatably mounted on one end of the housing for directing air from the fan upwardly and outwardly from the housing, and a manifold carrying a plurality of jets for receiving water from a tailings pond or other source and spraying the water into a stream of air exiting the nozzle for expediting evaporation.

Abstract: A movable water distiller capable of use in conjunction with a water heater includes a frame having a top which supports the water heater. The distiller components are supported on a tray having a guide assembly engaging a track assembly horizontally positioned in the bottom region of the frame. The guide assembly allows the distiller components to be inserted within, and extracted from, the frame interior while the track assembly maintains alignment of the tray. Alternatively, the guide assembly may be attached to the top surfaces of the track assembly. Paneling surrounds the sides and back of the frame, while a front cover is attached to the front of the tray. The front cover and the paneling enclose the interior of the frame and prevent access to the distiller components.

Abstract: A portable water distiller comprising a vaporization chamber containing an inclined electric coil heating element, a finned tube condenser coil and an electric fan. The heating element is provided with forward and rear portions, the forward portion being elevated relative to the rear portion with the thermostatic control means positioned above the forward elevated position and maintained in contact with the substantially uniform water level. Accordingly, when the uniform water level dips below the thermostatic control means, the heating element is immediately de-energized thereby preventing the residual heat in the heating elements from quickly evaporating the raw water in the raw water receptacle.

Abstract: A compact, transportable and self-contained apparatus for treating wastewater containing as impurities and pollutants various non-volatile (at water boiling points) fluids such as greases, oils and soaps, having a vessel/evaporator for receiving the wastewater, a heater below the evaporator to heat the wastewater admixture and boil off the water, a collector to draw off the non-volatile fluids from substantially the entire height of the water evaporator, and automatic refill/shutdown control devices for the apparatus.

Abstract: A water distiller has a housing having an open interior area and a door that can be opened and closed to permit and block access into the interior area. A steam chamber is located in the interior area. The steam chamber includes a movable tray for holding water to be distilled. The tray seats against a fixed top where steam created in the chamber by heating the water in the tray is collected. By opening the door to the distiller, the tray can be unseated and removed for cleaning. After cleaning, the tray can be returned to the distiller and reseated against the top steam collecting portion by closing the door. In a preferred arrangement, the tray includes a chamber for holding a water soluble disinfectant for release during the distillation process.

Abstract: A spray dryer which has a tank for receiving batches of differing materials to be spray dried. The tank is rotatable about a horizontal axis. The tank has an open top and a cover which is hinged on an axis perpendicular to the tank axis. The cover carries atomizer which has a shaft extending through the cover into the tank when the cover is closed. A spray disk is attached to the atomizer shaft.

Abstract: A charge of distilland (33) is metered into a heated inclined trough (18) within a chamber (10). Vapors of distilland rise to a level (41) which is below the upper level (26) of the trough. The vapors spill over the sides (31 and 32) of the trough and fall to the lower section of the chamber where cooling coils (42) condense the vapors and the resultant distillate flows out an exit conduit (122). Residue materials are moved by a pusher (47) over the end (26) of the trough into a drain chute (51). During the return of the pusher, an air cylinder (103) is operated to lift the pusher from the bottom of the trough.

Abstract: A process for producing a fruit preparation from a natural fruit juice, the process comprises removing water from the juice by flowing the juice on a heated, reciprocable, inclinable surface to reduce the water content to 10 to 25% by volume. A crystalline modifying agent is then added to the product. The modifying agent and the product are then blended while heating them. The heating and blending is continued until the water content of the product is in the range of 1 to 15% by volume. An apparatus for producing the preparation is described. The apparatus has a concentrator pivotably mounted at about its center. An end of the vessel can be raised and lowered to reciprocate the vessel about the pivotable mount. The vessel is heated and has a closable outlet at each end. Extractors for vapor produced from the fruit juice heated in the first vessel are provided and blender means to blend the material produced on the concentrator with an added material.