Abstract: A method of preparing a stable dispersion of flocculated filler particles for use in papermaking processes comprises use of microparticle prior to, simultaneous to, and/or after addition of a first flocculating agent to an aqueous dispersion of filler particles, followed by addition of a second flocculating agent to the dispersion and further optional shearing of the resultant filler flocs to the desired particle size resulting in shear resistant filler flocs with a defined and controllable size distribution. In addition, a neutralizing coagulant can be added to the dispersion to partially or completely neutralize the charge of the filler before the microparticle and/or the first flocculating agent is added.

Abstract: Wood products, specifically wood commonly used in construction including dimension lumber, pressure treated pine, composite wood materials such as plywood, particle board, and wafer board, and samples of paper and fabric were variously treated with concentrations of sodium silicate (Na2O.SiO2) also known as water glass. Cellulosic materials including dimension lumber, plywood, particle board, wafer board, paper, and fabric were treated with sodium silicate (Na2O.SiO2) in concentrations ranging from 400-0.04 g Na2O.SiO2/kg water. To overcome the disadvantages of sodium silicate, sodium silicate treated samples were further treated to convert the water soluble sodium silicate to a water insoluble form, thereby overcoming the disadvantages of water solubility, and rendering the material effective for internal and external uses.

Abstract: A composite material for environmental odor control is useful in controlling odors from waste, for example, as an alternative daily cover for landfills and in composting applications. The composite material includes a fiber web and a zeolite containing metals to promote absorption of odorous gas.

Abstract: A process is provided for making a fluff pulp sheet, comprising: contacting at least one cationic dye and at least one debonder surfactant with a composition comprising fluff pulp fibers, to form a fluff pulp mixture; forming a web from the fluff pulp mixture; and drying the web, to obtain the fluff pulp sheet. A fluff pulp sheet is also provided, comprising a web comprising fluff pulp fibers; at least one cationic dye; and at least one debonder surfactant. Products and uses of the fluff pulp sheet are also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous polysilicate composition comprising a polysilicate microgel based component in association with particles derived from colloidal polysilicate. The invention also concerns a process for preparing an aqueous polysilicate composition comprising mixing an aqueous colloidal polysilicate with an aqueous phase of a polysilicate microgel. The aqueous polysilicate composition is more effective than colloidal silica and is more stable than a conventional polysilicate microgel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing paper, in which a filler is pretreated and suspended to form an aqueous slurry, the aqueous slurry obtained is combined with an aqueous suspension containing cellulose fibers to form a stock, the stock obtained is treated at least with a cationic retention agent and the treated stock is filtered to form paper. Retention and optical properties are improved by the filler being pre-treated with inorganic colloidal particles having an average size less than 100 nm.

Abstract: Provided is an agglomeration for neutralizing acid mine drainage which includes a neutralizer and binder component consisting of steel slag in an amount of 75% to 95% by weight of the agglomeration, a sodium carbonate selected from the group consisting of soda ash and pulp liquor in an amount of 0.5% to 25% of the agglomeration, and, optionally, a lime component selected from the group consisting of limestone sand and slag. Further included is a dissolution control and filtration component consisting of an organic material in an amount of 0.24% to 15% by weight of the agglomeration selected from the group consisting of recycled newsprint, sphagnum peat moss, and sawdust. Next is a dispersant and neutralizer component consisting of a surfactant in an amount of 0.01% to 0.075% by weight of the agglomeration. The agglomeration may further comprise an oxidation component such as calcium peroxide, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A rayon fiber that does not use a halide-based flame retardant, a phosphorous flame retardant or an organic solvent, has excellent flameproofness and launderability and is biodegradable when buried in the soil at the time of disposal, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The flameproof rayon fiber according to the present invention contains components of silicon and magnesium, and a compound containing the components of silicon and magnesium is amorphous.

Abstract: A process for producing an aqueous silica-based sol is disclosed wherein a cationic ion exchange resin having part of its ion exchange capacity in hydrogen form is contacted with an aqueous alkali metal silicate to form a slurry having a pH from 5.0 to 11.5 and/or having particle aggregation or microgel formation corresponding to a S value up to 45%; adjusting the pH using a material comprising an aluminium compound; and separating the resin from the slurry. Silica-based sols having an S value from 15 to 25%, mole ratio Si:Al from 20:1 to 50:1, mole ratio Si:X, where X=alkali metal, from 5:1 to 17:1, SiO2 content of at least 5% by weight and containing silica-based particles having a specific surface area of at least 300 m2/g, as well as the use of such silica-based sols in producing paper are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a papermaking process in which the static potential of the fibers/paper product can be controlled and reduced while enhancing the softness of the produced paper product. The papermaking process comprises adding to a suspension of cellulosic fibers: (i) a smectite clay (ii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants (iii) at least one polymer which is cationic, non-ionic or amphoteric (iv) at least one non-ionic surfactant; and/or an oil, wax or fat.

Abstract: A method of preparing a stable dispersion of flocculated filler particles for use in papermaking processes comprises sequential addition of high and low molecular weight flocculating agents to an aqueous dispersion of filler particles followed by shearing of the resultant filler flocs to the desired particle size resulting in shear resistant filler flocs with a defined and controllable size distribution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing paper, in which a filler is pretreated and suspended to form an aqueous slurry, the aqueous slurry obtained is combined with an aqueous suspension containing cellulose fibres to form a stock, the stock obtained is treated at least with a cationic retention agent and the treated stock is filtered to form paper. Retention and optical properties are improved by the filler being pre-treated with inorganic colloidal particles having an average size less than 100 nm.

Abstract: A composition for surface treatment of paper which includes a nanoparticle fraction, and a carrier fraction for detaining the nanoparticles in the surface layer. The carrier fraction includes plate-like pigment particles, and at least one binder. The invention also relates to the method of manufacturing the composition and to its use.

Abstract: A modified filler used in the making of paper or the like, preparation of the filler and its use. The modified filler comprises a filler known as such, e.g. Calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, titanium dioxide, sodium silicate and aluminum trihydrate or their mixture, and a hydrophobic polymer made of polymerisable monomers, which is added to the filler as a polymer dispersion or a polymer solution.

Abstract: An aqueous sol containing silica-based particles which has an S-value within the range of from 10 to 45%, a viscosity within the range of from 5 to 40 cP, and a molar ratio of SiO2 to M2O, where M is alkali metal or ammonium, within the range of from 10:1 to 40:1, or a silica content of at least 10% by weight. The invention further relates to a process for the production of silica-based particles comprising the steps of: (a) acidifying an aqueous silicate solution to a pH of from 1 to 4 to form an acid sol; (b) alkalising the acid sol at an SiO2 content within the range of from 4.5 to 8% by weight to; (c) allowing particle growth of the alkalised sol for at least 10 minutes, or heat-treating the alkalised sol at a temperature of a least 30° C.; and then (d) alkalising the obtained sol to a pH of at least 10.0.

Abstract: To reduce the problem of tackiness caused by contaminants in recycled paper, effective amounts of talc and a terpene such as D-limonene are added to paper stock in conjunction with chemical fixing agents and retention aids. The terpene increases the affinity of the contaminants for the talc, thus increasing detackification of the contaminants and improving the productivity of the papermaking process.

Abstract: A laminate of inorganic sheet and polyester resin having an overall thickness of 5 to 25 mils and having an elongation at break in both the cross direction and machine direction of at least 25%.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a paper stock for use in making paper, paperboard and similar cellulosic products, by adding, at one or more different points of the wet end of the paper-making machine, a secondary retention and drainage agent containing a liquid smectite, and a primary retention and drainage agent comprising a natural or synthetic polymer. The retention and drainage agents can be added in any order, thus improving the retention, drainage, formation and drying, without affecting the whiteness, and enhancing the physical values of the paper, paperboard, cardboard and other similar products. The smectite can be an enhanced, concentrated, liquid smectite that can avoid the need for an on-site preparation unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of paper which comprises

Abstract: Herein provided is a water-decomposable fibrous sheet includes water-dispersible fibers having a fiber length of at most 20 mm, and a gel compound.

Abstract: A paper product is described that includes a paper substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a coating layer provided on the first surface of the paper substrate, the coating layer comprising a binder component and a pigment component, wherein the weight ratio the binder component to the pigment component is between about 0.25:1 to about 1:1; and wherein the paper product exhibits a gloss of at least about 20 to 75 according to TAPPI T480 om-92, a Print-surf roughness of at least about 0.5 to 2.5 according to TAPPI T555 pm-94, and a density of at least about 12 to 18 according to TAPPI T410 om-93 and TAPPI T411 om-89. A method for manufacturing a paper product is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for affixing a mineral filler onto an aqueous cellulose-fiber suspension. In this invention, the method uses as its reaction medium an aqueous cellulose-fiber suspension which is derived from papermaking and which includes at least hydrogen carbonates, carbonates or silicates of alkali and/or earth alkali metals, and the invention adds to the reaction medium a hydroxide of the filler mineral in order to precipitate the mineral filler's carbonates or silicates onto the fibers. In particular, the invention applies to papermaking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for easily and efficiently producing silica particles having a narrow particle size distribution and a high porosity from inexpensive starting materials such as sodium silicate. The silica particles of the present invention can be obtained in the form of a slurry containing them by (1) forming a slurry by mixing first particles difficultly soluble in an alkali and soluble in an acid, with an aqueous alkali silicate solution to form a first slurry containing the first particles, (2) neutralizing the first slurry with a mineral acid to prepare a second slurry containing second particles wherein silica is deposited on the first particles, and (3) adding a mineral acid to the second slurry to dissolve the first particles from the second particles, to prepare a third slurry containing silica particles.

Abstract: The process contemplates the use of a sizing dispersion that comprises an aqueous dispersion of rosin material, a synthetic sizing agent and a aluminum compound selected from the group formed by aluminum sulfate and aluminum polymers of formulas [Al(OH)x(A)(3−x)]n  (1) or [Al(OH)x(H3PO4)y(A)(3−x)]n  (2) where A=Cl−, NO3−, HCOO−, CH3COO−; or [Al(OH)x(H3PO4)y(SO4)(3−x/2)]n  (3) where “x” ranges from 0.03 to 2.7, and “y” ranges from 0.01 to 0.8 and n≧2; and by mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A new composite material which is useful as a pigment in paper making or paper coating is produced by precipitating a white insoluble pigment compound, eg calcium carbonate, in an aqueous suspension containing a mixture of fine particulate material eg titanium dioxide particles and fibers, eg cellulosic fibers. These suspended solids in the mixture are derived from separate stocks and added together to produce the composite pigment material. The new material is a bonded matrix of the fibers and the white pigment compound having particles of the fine particulate material, eg TiO2, dispersed and bonded within the matrix. The new material may exist in the form of particles in dry or wet form which may be further treated in a known way prior to use in paper making or paper coating.

Abstract: A method of reducing the level of malodorous amines emitted by paper when exposed to an alkaline environment is provided, which comprises making the paper so that it does not contain ammonium groups that are bonded to any polymer contained in the paper by only one chemical bond. Laminates which emit reduced levels of amines and which are comprised of this paper are also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the paper is sized with a sizing emulsion comprised of alkenyl succinic anhydride and a cationic water-soluble polymer having ammonium groups that are attached to the polymer by at least two chemical bonds.

Abstract: An aqueous sol containing silica-based particles which has an S-value within the range of from 10 to 45%, a viscosity within the range of from 5 to 40 cP, and a molar ratio of SiO2 to M2O, where M is alkali metal or ammonium, within the range of from 10:1 to 40:1, or a silica content of at least 10% by weight. The invention further relates to a process for the production of silica-based particles comprising the steps of: (a) acidifying an aqueous silicate solution to a pH of from 1 to 4 to form an acid sol; (b) alkalising the acid sol at an SiO2 content within the range of from 4.5 to 8% by weight to; (c) allowing particle growth of the alkalised sol for at least 10 minutes, or heat-treating the alkalised sol at a temperature of a least 30° C.; and then (d) alkalising the obtained sol to a pH of at least 10.0.

Abstract: A process for making paper comprising forming a cellulosic suspension, flocculating the suspension, draining the suspension on a screen to form a sheet and then drying the sheet, wherein the cellulosic suspension is flocculated by addition of a water soluble polymer which is selected from

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: Described is a micro-structured paper or paper-like material having a self-cleaning and/or non-adhesive effect whereby the paper or paper-like material is hydrophobic across the entire cross-section of the material and which is micro-structured in such a way that the surface is provided with elevations and depressions whereby the distance between the elevations ranges from 0.04 to 100 microns and the height of the elevations ranges from 0.04 to 100 microns, and whereby the paper or paper-like material is characterized in that it contains particles having the size of 0.04 to 50 microns that are bound to the paper or paper-like material by means of a binder, and whereby the paper or paper-like material is hydrophobic across the entire cross section of the material, as well as a method for the production thereof.

Abstract: A simplified method for the optical brightening of paper either in the pulp mass, the size or metering press or by coating by the use of a formulation of an optical brightening agent together with a swellable layered silicate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for easily and efficiently producing silica particles having a narrow particle size distribution and a high porosity from inexpensive starting materials such as sodium silicate. The silica particles of the present invention can be obtained in the form of a slurry containing them by (1) forming a slurry by mixing first particles difficultly soluble in an alkali and soluble in an acid, with an aqueous alkali silicate solution to form a first slurry containing the first particles, (2) neutralizing the first slurry with a mineral acid to prepare a second slurry containing second particles wherein silica is deposited on the first particles, and (3) adding a mineral acid to the second slurry to dissolve the first particles from the second particles, to prepare a third slurry containing silica particles.

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: According to the present invention a process is provided for making paper or paper board comprising forming a cellulosic suspension, flocculating the suspension, draining the suspension on a screen to form a sheet and then drying the sheet,

Abstract: Processes for preparing cellulose products, such as paper products which include substantially simultaneously or sequentially adding at least one aluminum compound and at least one silicate to a cellulose slurry, to a cellulose slurry such as a paper slurry. In particular, the present invention is directed to processes for preparing the cellulose products, such as paper products which include substantially simultaneously or sequentially adding at least one aluminum compound and at least one monovalent silicate or water-soluble metal silicate complex to a cellulose slurry, such as a paper slurry. Compositions containing at least one aluminum compound and at least one water-soluble metal silicate, and cellulose products, such as paper products containing at least one water-soluble metal silicate complex.

Abstract: Aqueous composition, including a water-soluble metal silicate complex which includes at least one divalent metal. A process for preparing an aqueous composition including water-soluble metal silicate complex includes combining monovalent cation silicate and divalent metal ions in an aqueous environment to form the water-soluble metal silicate complex. A process of modifying cellulose slurry includes adding an aqueous composition having water-soluble metal silicate complex which includes divalent metal to cellulose slurry. A process for preparing cellulose slurry includes adding monovalent cation silicate to cellulose slurry comprising a sufficient amount of divalent metal ions to combine with the monovalent cation silicate to form water-soluble metal silicate complex. A process of making cellulose product includes: adding an aqueous composition having water-soluble metal silicate complex including divalent metal to cellulose slurry; and forming cellulose product from the cellulose slurry.

Abstract: A method of impregnating paper with waterglass, such as soda waterglass or potassium silicate, the impregnated paper being usable as a dehumidifying element, wherein the method includes the steps of a) providing a sheet of paper such as facing paper and/or corrugated paper; b) immersing the paper into a highly concentrated waterglass solution at a temperature within the range of 45-95° C., with the highly concentrated waterglass solution having a viscosity of at least 350 mPa.s at a temperature of 45° C.; and c) cooling the immersed paper with air at a temperature no greater than 35° C. and preferably no greater than 25° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for easily and efficiently producing silica particles having a narrow particle size distribution and a high porosity from inexpensive starting materials such as sodium silicate. The silica particles of the present invention can be obtained in the form of a slurry containing them by (1) forming a slurry by mixing first particles difficultly soluble in an alkali and soluble in an acid, with an aqueous alkali silicate solution to form a first slurry containing the first particles, (2) neutralizing the first slurry with a mineral acid to prepare a second slurry containing second particles wherein silica is deposited on the first particles, and (3) adding a mineral acid to the second slurry to dissolve the first particles from the second particles, to prepare a third slurry containing silica particles.

Abstract: A microparticle composition for paper making includes finely divided particles of a water insoluble solid such as amorphous sodium aluminosilicate, and having an anionic charge of at least 20 millivolts, and preferably from about 40 to 60 millivolts, and a particle size of less than about 0.1 microns.