Abstract: A machine frame for supporting at least one dewatering element (a roll, suction box or the like) over which an endless belt (a wire or felt) may travel upon operation of a paper manufacturing machine, wherein:a) the dewatering element (10) has an operator-side end and a drive-side end;b) a beam (11) which extends substantially parallel to the dewatering element (10) is connected in torsionally rigid manner;b1) to a first frame part (12) for supporting the drive-side end of the dewatering element (10) and which rests in tilt-proof manner on a foundation (9);b2) and to a second frame part (13) for supporting the operator-side end of the dewatering element (10) and which rests on the foundation (9) via removable intermediate pieces (14); andc) an extension (15) of the beam (11) extends beyond the operator-side frame part (13), the outer end of the extension (16) being adapted to rest on the foundation (9),the improvement wherein:d) the beam (11) is a single beam arranged laterally alongside of the dewatering ele

Abstract: In an assembly for heat treatment of an endless web, comprising two rotatable rollers of which at least one roller is heatable, there is provided between the two rotatable rollers a heatable glide surface, stationary relative to the direction of movement for the web, designed to make contact with the outside of the endless web that circulates in the web loop. In this manner the web may be heat treated simultaneously on both sides. The glide surface enables the heat treatment of both sides of the web without using rollers requiring excessive space, thus also permitting the heat treatment of very short endless webs, which previously have had to be reversed and driven twice through the assembly to achieve heat treatment on both sides.

Abstract: A method for installing a fabric body onto a paper machine includes providing a self-aligning fabric loading harness having a leading edge and a plurality of spaced empty grommets disposed approximate to the leading edge, securing a pull rope through the loading hardness and a line receiving device, pulling the pull rope, and automatically readjusting the pull rope through the loading hardness to achieve uniform tension across the fabric.

Abstract: A twin-wire former for a paper machine having two endless loop wires, a wire support frame and a head box. The web forming zone leading from the entrance slot, which is at the breast roll in one wire loop and the forming roll in the other wire loop, is inclined at an angle of 30.degree. to 50.degree. to the horizontal. The wire support frame has the shape of an inverted U with a front support arranged upstream of the head box, a rear support arranged downstream of the headbox and an upper beam which connects the upper ends of the front and rear supports to each other. A lower beam is located within the loop of the lower wire and extends to both of the forward and rearward sides of the rear support with one end extending into the U-shaped frame while the other end extends at least approximately up to the remote end of the loop of the lower wire. At least one water removal element of the upper wire is suspended from the upper beam. At least one water removal element of the lower wire rests on the lower beam.

Abstract: A wire or felt forming section of a paper-making machine has breast rollers for guiding a respective one of two forming wires. The two rollers are disposed with a pulp gap formed between the two rollers and the wires are disposed just downstream of a pulp suspension ejecting nozzle of a headbox. Each roller is supported against the respective taut forming wire by a hydrostatic bearing. The hydrostatic bearing has two circumferentially separated resiliency chambers provided in a combined region of resiliency disposed over an arc of the circumference of the roller. A sealing strip after the region of resiliency prevents fluid from contacting the wire.

Abstract: A quick-release post apparatus for a press comprises a pair of opposed, spaced post members with a pivoted link mounted in one post member and a pivoted swing arm mounted in the other post member. The link is movable between the opposed first and second post members. The swing arm includes a hook for engaging a rod in the link whereby the link compressively pre-loads the ends of the opposed first and second post members against a removable block, which is interposed between the opposed ends of the first and second post members. The post can thereby be quickly reconfigured between an open position permitting passage between the first and second post members when the block is removed, and a closed position when the block is in place between the post members where the post is a rigid, load-bearing member.

Abstract: Method and device in a compact press section of a paper machine for replacement of press rolls and fabrics. Above the compact combination of press rolls, there is an open space between the front frame and the rear frame of the press section. By means of this space, the press rolls and the upper fabrics can be replaced by raising and lowering, e.g. by means of a crane mounted on the ceiling. The press roll that forms the second press nip in the press section together with the center roll is supported on an opening and loading mechanism to which hydraulic cylinders are connected, by means of which cylinders both the second nip is loaded with a suitable linear load and the mechanism is pivoted to the open position or positions. The movements of lateral parts of the mechanism are synchronized with each other by means of a connecting part fitted between them.

Abstract: Method and device in a compact press section of a paper machine for balancing of its static and dynamic properties as well as for replacing of the press rolls and fabrics. The press rolls form a compact press roll combination. A space is located in and above the press roll combination between the front and rear frame parts which can be opened and closed. By means of this space at least the upper fabrics and the upper press rolls in the press section are replaced by means of a crane mounted on the ceiling or equivalent, preferably substantially by direct raising and lowering. The front and rear frame parts are interconnected rigidly at and above the press roll combination by means of a rigid intermediate frame part. The intermediate frame part operates as the frame part of the tensioning device of the first upper fabric, and the intermediate frame part together with the upper fabric tensioning device and the tensioning roll.

Abstract: Press section for a paper machine and a frame construction for the same which comprises a front frame and a rear frame. Press rolls are mounted on the front and rear frames and form a press roll combination in which press fabric is passed through nips formed thereby. An at least partially open space is situated between the front and rear frames which are not directly connected to one another and above the press roll combination, through which at least most of the press rolls can be replaced. This space also facilitates replacement of upper press fabric. A suction roll is mounted in conjunction with a rear side of the front frame, while a hollow-faced press roll is mounted in conjunction with the front frame. A smooth-faced center roll of the press is mounted in conjunction with the rear frame or with a separate intermediate frame, preferably in conjunction with a projection part of the frame.

Abstract: Press section of a paper machine provided with a frame construction which includes first a front frame and than a rear frame in a direction of running of a paper web through the machine. Press rolls are mounted on the front and rear frames. Between the front frame and the rear frame, and above the press roll combination, there is an at least partially open space through which at least most of the press rolls can be replaced. The space also facilitates replacement of the upper press fabrics. The press roll which forms the second nip is the press section is attached to a first intermediate frame part separate from the rear and intermediate frames and arranged to be pivotable by means of power units around horizontal articulation shafts in conjunction with the front frame. This press roll is connected to the first intermediate frame part through a second intermediate frame part by means of horizontal joints.

Abstract: Structural frame for a press section in a paper machine in which there are two or three succeeding, separate press nips substantially dewatering a web. The nibs are each formed between two opposite press elements, such as press rolls. The web runs supported by a dewatering and/or transfer fabric through the nips. The structural frame comprises a front frame and a rear frame separate from one another, with a space open at the top being provided therebetween. This space is arranged so as to be utilized in replacement of both upper press and/or transfer fabrics and of the press rolls. At least the upper roll of the first or second nip is attached in connection with the rear part of the front frame. At least the upper roll of the second or third press nip is fitted in conjunction with a front part of the rear frame.

Abstract: A closed press section in a paper machine is disclosed in which all of the press nips in which substantial dewatering occurs are formed between one or the other of two smooth-faced center rolls and hollow-faced press rolls. The web runs between the nips adhering to the surface of one or the other smooth-faced center roll from the first nip to the last nip alone a substantially S-shaped path so that opposite surfaces of the web contact the surfaces of respective ones of the smooth faced center rolls. The frame construction of the press section includes front and rear frames between which an intermediate space is defined which is open or openable at its top, the front and rear frames not being connected to each other above the press roll combination, at least not permanently. The first center roll is supported on the front frame while the second center roll is supported on either the rear frame, on a separate front part of the rear frame, or on a separate intermediate frame.

Abstract: Frame construction for a press section of a paper machine which comprises, in a direction of running of a paper web, first a front frame and then a separate rear frame. On the front and rear frame, press rolls are mounted, at least some of which belonging to a compact press roll combination in which there are press nips between the press rolls and through which press fabrics are passed. With a view to facilitating replacement of press rolls and fabrics, the frame construction comprises a space which is situated between the front frame and the rear frame which are not connected together, and above the press roll combination. This space is constantly at least partially open, through which the different press rolls in the combination can be replaced. This space also facilitates replacement of the press fabrics provided in conjunction therewith. Another embodiment of the invention discloses an openable connection between the front and an intermediate frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for supporting the frame of a paper machine or the like. In the method, the frame is supported at a point below it for the time the wire or felt is being changed by means of a separate support member (11) on a normal frame supporting structure (1), whereby it is not necessary to strengthen or support the other structures during the change. The arrangement comprises a support member (11) provided under the frame and comprising a support (14) arranged to be displaced so as to rest on a support element (15) attached to the supporting structure (1) to support the frame. The support (14) supports the frame on its normal supporting structure (1) while the lower vertical spacers (9) of the frame are out of place.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the passage of a moving band (1) or the like in a paper machine or the like. The apparatus comprises a roll (2) mounted at one end turnably with respect to a machine body (3) while the other end is mounted turnably to an adjusting device (6). The adjusting device comprises a turning arm (9) for a roll (2) and an auxiliary arm (10) which are mounted coaxially turnably. The apparatus further comprises one or more air bellows (13) connected between the turning arm (9) and the auxiliary arm (10). Furthermore, at least one liquid bellows (11) is provided between the auxiliary arm (10) and the body or a body part (7). The position of the auxiliary arm (10) with respect to the body is adjusted by varying the amount of liquid in the liquid bellows. By varying the volume of the bellows, the roll (2) is turned about a shaft (8) and the direction of the roll shaft with respect to the longitudinal direction of the band (1) in its transverse direction. (FIG. 2).

Abstract: A press apparatus is disclosed for removing water from a formed web. The apparatus includes first, second and third press members and corresponding backing rolls which cooperate with the respective press members for defining therebetween first, second and third press nips. A wet end support supports the first press member and the backing roll device. A dry end frame is disposed downstream relative to the wet end support for supporting the third press member. An intermediate anchoring arrangement is disposed between the support and the frame for supporting the second press member.

Abstract: The compact press section in a paper machine has a frame construction with several sections and a roll arrangement. The roll arrangement comprises a roll and at least two press rolls, each forming a nip with the central roll. The press section additionally comprises members for guiding the paper web through the press section, members for guiding one or a plurality of felts and members for cleaning the central roll. The central roll is movable with regard to the frame construction through the transfer means connected with the frame construction and interlockable by the interlocks connected to the frame construction. Thus, the machine elements of the press section can be separated and the service conditions of the press section are improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to the press section in a paper machine. It comprises a roll combination (1-5), the rolls of which form one or a plurality of nips (N1, N2, N3). In addition, the press section comprises members for guiding the paper web through the press section and members for guiding one or a plurality of felts (6, 7) or the equivalent through the press section. The frame construction connected to the press section comprises a front frame (8), a rear frame (9) and an intermediate frame (10) connecting these two from above the press section. At least one roll of the roll combination (3, 5) provided in the press section is fixed to the auxiliary frame (13, 14), which is disposed to be rotatable about a shaft (19, 20). The auxiliary frame additionally comprises members (15, 16), by means of which the auxiliary frame (13, 14) can be detachably locked to the intermediate frame (10).

Abstract: A press section of a paper machine includes a first upper fabric, a pick-up suction roll within a loop of the first upper fabric for transferring a web from the forming wire of the paper machine onto the first upper fabric, a first lower fabric, a lower first press roll within a loop of the first lower fabric forming a first double-felted nip with the pick-up suction roll, a smooth-surfaced center roll, a second press roll situated within the loop of the first upper fabric forming a second single-felted nip with the center roll through which the first upper fabric passes, and wherein the first upper fabric has a substantially straight run between the first double-felted nip and the second single-felted nip.

Abstract: A closed press section in a paper machine is disclosed in which all of the press nips in which substantial dewatering occurs are formed between one or the other of two smooth-faced center rolls and hollow-faced press rolls. The web runs between the nips adhering to the surface of one or the other smooth-faced center roll from the first nip to the last nip along a substantially S-shaped path so that opposite surfaces of the web contact the surfaces of respective ones of the smooth-faced center rolls. The frame construction of the press section includes front and rear frames between which an intermediate space is defined which is open or openable at its top, the front and rear frames not being connected to each other above the press roll combination, at least not permanently. The first center roll is supported on the front frame while the second center roll is supported on either the rear frame, on a separate front part of the rear frame, or on a separate intermediate frame.

Abstract: A paper machine includes a double-felt (or single-felt) wet press. Two press elements, for instance two rolls, whose axes lie in a press plane, form a press nip with each other. Two endless felt belts, and between them the paper web from which the water is to be removed, pass through said nip. Beyond the press nip the paper web travels, free of the felt belts, to the next station of the paper machine. Each of the two felt belts travels beyond the press nip over a guide element, which can be a guide roll or a nonrotating deflector, whose position is displaceable parallel to the press plane. The arrangement is operated as follows: The angle between the paper web and the wetter felt is set to a smaller value during the initial licking-up process than during the subsequent continuous operation. On the other hand, the angle between the paper web and the drier felt is set to a larger value during the initial licking-up process than during the subsequent continuous operation.

Abstract: An improved seamed papermaker's press felt of the type having a pintle seamed base fabric and at least one layer of batt material affixed thereto is disclosed. The improvement resides in the provision of an angled slit through the batt material adjacent to the seam. By means of the angled splice, a need for a flap overlying the seam is avoided.

Abstract: The frame construction in the press section of a paper machine in which the press section includes a combination of rolls which form at least one nip, members for guiding the paper web through the press section and members for guiding at least one felt into contact with the press section. The frame construction comprises a front frame, a rear frame and an intermediate frame connecting these two from above the press section. The connections of the intermediate frame both to the front frame and to the rear frame are releasable in order to remove the intermediate frame in a substantially horizontal and longitudinal direction from above the roll combination into a supporting member.

Abstract: A device for drawing in an endless belt into a machine which manufactures paper, cardboard, or the like, includes a frame having a draw-in side over which the belt is drawn in and having an opposite side. An auxiliary support for the belt and off which the belt is transferred is moved up to the draw-in side of the frame. The frame has at least one cantilever piece extending beyond the draw-in side toward the auxiliary support. The auxiliary support has a corresponding cantilever arm. A lift device joins the cantilever arm with a respective cantilever piece to provide lift of the cantilever piece. The frame on the draw-in side has a removable intermediate piece, removable to permit the belt to be drawn in while the cantilever arm supports the cantilever piece and thereby supports the draw-in side of the frame. With the intermediate piece reinstalled in the draw-in side of the frame, the auxiliary support may be removed. In a one-belt height arrangement, the auxiliary support is generally C-shaped.

Abstract: Method and apparatus in a cantilevered frame part of a press section and/or wire section of a paper machine in which a cantilevered beam extending between the side frames of the machine is pre-tensioned by applying a force on the cantilevered or projecting part of the beam. The pre-tensioning is produced by a power device, preferably a hydraulic power unit, which produces a downwardly directed pre-tensioning force on the projecting part of the cantilevered beam. The pre-tensioning is applied prior to the replacement of press fabrics or an equivalent operation, and is released after the fabric replacement has been carried out and the side frame at the service side of the machine has been closed or is closeable.

Abstract: In a press-dehydrating section in a paper making machine, for the purpose of facilitating the replacement of a roll by lifting it up and axially moving it with crabs and wires, a portion of a frame of the press-dehydrating section positioned above the roll to be replaced is cut out, and both frame portions facing the cut-out portion are coupled by another frame member that is swingable over a predetermined angle in a horizontal plane. Thus, a dangerous and troublesome operation of rehanging a roll lifted up with crabs and wires by another wire can be dispensed with.

Abstract: A device for mounting felts in papermaking machines, which device consists of a supplementary strip mounted along the lengthwise edge or edges of the felt. Spaced apart apertures are formed in the strip along the length of the felt. The apertures are shaped so as to be gripped manually or by means of special tools. Instead of a strip with apertures formed therein separate gripping means in the form of handle loops may be attached to the felt in spaced-apart relationship along the edge or edges of the felt.

Abstract: A papermaker's felt having an elongated base fabric, at least one batt layer, and means to interconnect the opposite longitudinal ends of the base fabric to make an endless felt. The endless felt is made by providing seaming loops on opposite longitudinal ends of the base fabric and bringing the loops into interdigitated engagement on the papter making machine; introducing a core element into the common bight of said loops to connect them; and finally needling the batt layer so that the abutting ends thereof (which abut each other at right angles to the longitudinal direction and obliquely to the thickness direction) are engaged without any opening between them.

Abstract: A method of making a papermaker's felt which includes the steps of forming a pin seam fabric having interdigitated loops at the ends of the fabric joined by a pin. A batt of fibrous material is needled into at least one face of the fabric and across the pin seam joint. When the felt is to be installed on the papermaking machine, the pin is removed and the felt is bent back on itself at the joint to bring the portions of the batt adjacent the joint into contiguous or contacting relation and cause the loops to separate. The batt is then cut along a line extending through the separated loops to provide a flat or opened felt which can then be installed on the papermaking machine. After installation, the loops are interdigitated and the pin is reinserted through the loops to provide the endless felt construction.

Abstract: Apparatus for introducing a felt belt into the press section of a paper making machine. The endless loop belt is supported on a pair of support bars or, in an alternate embodiment, on a single support bar, which are provided on a frame comprised of two side parts held together by the support bars. Both of the support bars are located outside the belt loop. The belt loop is pulled up and draped over one or both of the support bars defining one or more folded regions of the belt at one or both of the support bars, which shortens the suspended length of the belt. A clamping device, typically secured to the side parts of the frame, clamps the folded region of the belt to the support bar while the belt is introduced into the press section. After the belt has been introduced into the press section, the device including its frame is unclamped from the folded regions of the belt and removed from the machine.

Abstract: A frame construction and method in a paper machine press section having a compact press roll combination forming at least two press nips through which a paper web runs, the frame construction and method facilitating the removal and replacement of the fabrics and/or press rolls. The frame construction includes a front frame situated before the press roll combination and a rear frame separate from the front frame situated after the roll combination. The space above the roll combination and between the front and rear frames is opened or openable by pivoting an intermediate frame situated above the roll combination into an open position. The replacement of fabrics and press rolls are carried out by utilizing the open space obtained by pivoting the intermediate frame.

Abstract: A frame construction and method in a paper machine press section having a compact press roll combination forming at least two press nips through which a paper web runs, the frame construction and method facilitating the removal and replacement of the fabrics and/or press rolls. The frame construction of the press section includes, in the direction of web run through the press section, a front frame situated before the press roll combination and a rear frame separate from the front frame situated after the roll combination. The space above the roll combination and between the front and rear frames is open or openable through the provision of an intermediate frame situated above the roll combination. The intermediate frame is pivotally mounted on the rear frame about a transverse axis located at a longitudinal side of the roll combination.

Abstract: A felt for use in the press section of papermaking machines. The felt consists of a woven base preferably of two layers of threads extending in the machine direction of the felt and cross-machine direction threads interconnect the machine-direction threads, the woven base having a batt needed onto at least one of its faces. The felt is manufactured to be installed in flat form but after its installation in the machine its ends are joined together to form an endless cloth with the aid of a seam known per se. A flap of the batt or batts is arranged to cover the seam area. The invention also concerns a method of manufacturing and installing the felt in the press section of papermaking machines.

Abstract: A belt press for dewatering slurries is described having a frame designed to minimize the time, effort and frame stress heretofore encountered in the replacement of endless belts, said press comprising a rigid frame comprised of essentially parallel horizontal and vertical members supporting a plurality of laterally oriented longitudinal rolls upon which a pair of endless flat foraminous belts pass in a serpentine path with dewatered material sandwiched therebetween. The frame is equipped with vertical legs having removable spacers on one side and corresponding elastomeric hinges mounted with pre-stressed bolts, and alignment pins on the other side. Jack means positionable between the sides of the frame, co-operate with the pre-stressed bolts to permit removal of the frame spacers and extraction of the endless belts through the resulting gaps in the vertical legs.

Abstract: A press section of a cantilever beam type paper-making machine is disclosed. The machine includes press rollers and guiding rollers for supporting an endless loop felt. The press section of the machine includes an operating side frame component and a power side frame component separated therefrom. A structural part is located beyond the power side outside the press section. A cantilever beam extends from the operating side frame component past the power side frame component to the structural part. Intermediate supporting pieces normally support the operating side frame component on the base of the machine. To install a new felt the intermediate part must be removed. A hydraulic piston-cylinder combination presses upon the cantilever beam to bow it for lifting the operating side frame component off the intermediate part sufficiently to free the intermediate part for removal.

Abstract: A noncontacting sensor means is mounted adjacent a portion of the paper path in a paper manufacturing apparatus. The sensor means detects flutter in a paper web travelling across the paper path. The tension in the paper web can be determined from the frequency and amplitude of the flutter. By adjusting the tension in the paper web to maintain the flutter within a predetermined range of frequency and amplitude, the tension in the paper web can be maintained at a desired level.

Abstract: A dryer section of a paper machine includes a frame having vertical frame members and upper side members spaced to receive endless or looped wires therebetween for supporting the web, with one of the upper side members having a removable block portion near each end thereof and a cantilever support attached to a second upper member. A plurality of drums for drying the web and rolls for supporting and directing the wires include a plurality of drum pairs, each pair rotatably supported by a pivotal support assembly detachably connected to the upper frame members and having a removable block portion along one side thereof between the drums of the pair mounted thereto. The pivotal support assemblies may be detached from the upper frame members and pivoted downwardly until the drum pairs are supported by a lower cantilever sub-structure disposed near the bottom of the drying section, whereupon after removal of all removable block portions, a clear path for replacement of the wires is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing an endless web includes means for supporting the endless web at a first location and a roll for supporting the endless web at a second location. The roll has first and second ends. First and second carriages are engaged to first and second substantially parallel tracks respectively for rotatably supporting the first and second ends of the roll respectively in a normal operating position and for moving the roll relative to the support means along the tracks. A bridge connects the first and second carriages. Means are mounted to the bridge for lifting the roll at a location between the first and second ends, whereby the roll is supported by the lifting means and the first carriage, whereby the endless web may be inserted or removed over the second end of the roll.The lifting means includes a cradle for supporting the roll, means for moving the cradle into and out of a position underneath the roll and means for elevating the cradle while the cradle is in the position under the roll.

Abstract: Filter press for separating the liquid from the silt of sludge by using running filter strips guided by rollers journalled in bearings in the girder frame of the filter press. One side section of the frame is equipped with removable frame sections for the purpose of exchanging the filter strips and the opposite side section of the frame has been equipped with pull rods, supporting the frame during the exchange of the filter strips. The lower ends of the pull rods are secured to the ends of telescopic support extensions, extentable sideways from the lower part of the frame and the upper pull rod ends are attached to the upper section of the frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for introducing an endless fabric loop over rolls in a paper making machine in connection with changing the fabric therein comprising an inflatable changing bag which, upon being inflated, has a vertical cross-sectional configuration in the machine direction which is substantially the same as the configuration of the intended run of the fabric loop over the rolls. The changing bag is located in its deflated condition within the fabric loop which is to be introduced over the rolls whereupon the bag is inflated with the fabric loop encircling the same. The assembly of the inflated changing bag and the encircling fabric loop is located on one side of the paper machine in the region adjacent to the rolls onto which the fabric loop is to be introduced whereupon the fabric loop is moved from over the inflated changing bag onto the paper machine so that it encircles the rolls.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for stretching and tensioning an endless web, such as a blanket or felt for papermaking machines. The apparatus includes a trackway having at least one movable stretch roll mounted thereon and movable relative to a work station for supporting and stretching the endless web or blanket. The movable roll is supported on a movable carriage arrangement at each end of the roll, with the carriage arrangement at one end including a first carriage section and a separable second carriage section. The first carriage section includes a device for lifting one end of the movable roll, and the second carriage section is connected to a saddle support which is pivoted into position to support the movable roll in the lifted position. The first carriage section is then disconnected from the second carriage section and is rolled away from its position under the movable roll. In this manner, the endless web can then be removed from the lifted end of the roll and replaced with another web.

Abstract: A stretching machine for treating removable belts supported on rollers, such as felts and wires in paper-making machines. The stretching machine comprises two rollers over which the belt is suspended, at least one of said rollers being adapted to be heated. A lifting device is inserted between the heatable roller and the belt, such that the belt can be held raised up from the roller.

Abstract: A twin-wire web forming section in a paper machine includes a lower endless carrying wire which laps a forming roll and an upper endless covering wire which laps at least a part of the portion of the lower carrying wire which laps the forming roll. First and second substantially straight runs of the carrying wire are defined prior and subsequent to the forming roll, respectively, in the direction of travel of the lower endless carrying wire, the first straight run comprising the initial single-wire portion of a web-forming zone. An open-surfaced forming board is operatively associated with the initial single-wire portion. A headbox is disposed at the forward end of the initial single-wire portion, the longitudinal axis of which is substantially aligned with the direction of movement of the initial single-wire portion.

Abstract: Beam means are provided for facilitating stringing of a forming belt into position with respect to the machine frame. The beam means are supported to be moved transversely from an inactive position generally rearwardly relative to the frame into a position under the front side of the frame for lifting the front side of the frame sufficiently to permit removal of supporting means under the front side of the frame for clearing a lateral passage for the lower run of the forming belt when stringing the belt into the operative position.

Abstract: A support device with air caster units is provided sufficient to lift and support heavy rollers or rolls inside an endless belt so that the rolls can be removed from within the endless belt and the endless belt replaced.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning an endless paper making felt continuously during the paper making process, and wherein the moving felt is passed through a cleaning bath, and ultrasonic vibrations are applied substantially uniformly across the entire width of the felt while the felt is immersed in the bath, to thereby achieve uniform cleaning of the felt and thus uniformity in the paper produced on the machine. The apparatus comprises an open, rectangular tank having a removable end wall, and a guide roll and ultrasonic transducers movably mounted in the tank, whereby the endless felt may be readily removed and/or replaced by removing the end wall, and lifting the guide roll and transducers, so that the felt may be slipped into the tank beneath the guide roll and transducers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for making a paper web with a traveling fourdrinier wire and a looped mating wire pressed into the fourdrinier wire along a forming run and a headbox with a slice for delivering stock at the head end of the forming run, the mating wire being supported on rotatable rolls fixedly carried on a frame with the frame supported for pivotal shifting movement about an axis at right angles to the plane of the fourdrinier wire so that the entire carrying unit for the mating wire is shifted to cause it to track properly.

Abstract: A web spreading and guiding device to maintain a running paper sheet making foraminous web comprising a wire or pick-up felt transversely taut and straight running in a papermaking machine, has a pair of free running pneumatic tires having their treads in nipping relation to one another to engage a margin of the web in the nip, the tires being carried by an arm which is pivotally biased to effect transverse web stretching bias of the tires on the web margin running through the nip. Generally one of the devices will be mounted to act on one margin of the web and another of the devices on the opposite margin of the web and the devices being cooperatively biased to stretch the web in opposite directions. Means are provided to control the tire bias for correcting any deviations of the web from a straight running path.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a roller frame including a cantilever structure supporting a roller, particularly in the press portion of a paper machine. The improvement comprises support means pivotally mounted on said frame and supporting one end of said cantilever.

Abstract: Fabric changes at the forming section of non-cantilevered, fourdrinier, paper making machines are simplified through use of one or more C-shaped carriages which carry the new fabric and support the front framing of the machine to allow spacer blocks which normally support the front framing to be removed. This provides a gap extending the length of the forming section through which the new fabric may be moved into place and strung into operating position. Thereafter the spacer blocks are replaced and the carriages removed.