Abstract: A water quality monitoring system is disclosed including a sampling pipe that acquires steam that passes a bleed pipe that bleeds steam from a low pressure turbine to which steam of low pressure is supplied from among steam turbines, a steam inlet tank into which the steam acquired by the sampling pipe flows, a water quality measurement apparatus that measures the water quality of condensed water condensed from the steam flowed in the steam inlet tank, and a water quality diagnosis apparatus that diagnoses the water quality of the condensed water using a result of the measurement of the water quality measurement apparatus. The steam inlet tank is installed at a location higher than that of the water quality measurement apparatus such that the water quality measurement apparatus measures the water quality of the condensed water boosted to the atmospheric pressure utilizing the head difference.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for evaporating liquids containing potentially explosive impurities of lower volatility than the actual liquid compound. The set-up of the evaporator according to the invention allows its operation with complete evaporation of a liquid without formation of a liquid sump of not yet evaporated liquid.

Abstract: A compact cooling system for vehicle operators includes: a variable speed compressor; a radiator coupled to the compressor with a tube; a fan adjacent to the radiator; an expansion chamber coupled to the radiator with a tube; a cooling plate coupled to the expansion chamber with a tube; a fluid reservoir coupled to the cooling plate with a tube through which cooling fluid can be transferred; and a fluid pump coupled to the fluid reservoir with a tube, the cooling plate including an inlet port for receiving warm cooling fluid from a cooling garment and an outlet port for transferring chilled cooling fluid to the cooling garment via the fluid reservoir and the fluid pump.

Abstract: A fluid discharge device includes a discharge tube, an outer tube and at least one baffle. The discharge tube has a discharge port. The discharge tube has an end surface adjacent to the discharge port. The outer tube is sleeved outside the discharge tube. The outer tube has at least one passage. The passage is configured to flow a clean dry air. The passage has an outlet. The baffle is disposed outside the outlet. When the clean dry air passes through the outlet, at least part of the clean dry air is blocked by the baffle and is directed to the end surface of the discharge tube.

Abstract: A spacecraft includes substantially parallel first radiator and second radiator panels, and a transverse panel coupled, having a width, W, coupled therebetween. The spacecraft also includes a first heat pipe having a first section parallel and proximate to the first radiator panel and a second section parallel and proximate to the transverse panel, a second heat pipe having a first section parallel and proximate to the second radiator panel and a second section parallel and proximate to the transverse panel and a third heat pipe, proximate and parallel to the transverse panel, the second section of the first heat pipe, and the second section of the second heat pipe. The third heat pipe has a length, L, substantially greater than W/2.

Abstract: An outer tank and an inner tank having liquid at different temperatures, and a load are connected to each other via outer and inner tank liquid circulating channels and a valve unit. A first opening-and-closing valve is connected to a first bypass flow-channel connecting an outer tank feed channel and an inner tank feedback channel, a second opening-and-closing valve is connected to a second bypass flow channel connecting an inner tank feed channel and an outer tank feedback channel to detect the liquid level of the liquid in the outer tank and the liquid level of the liquid in the inner tank by a liquid level sensor. The liquid levels are adjusted by selectively opening the first opening-and-closing valve and the second opening-and-closing valve when the liquid levels in both tanks become uneven in the process of cyclically feeding the liquid from the tanks to the load.

Abstract: A cooling water temperature controlling device includes a heat exchanger for heat-exchanging between primary cooling water and secondary cooling water, a tank for storing the secondary cooling water, an injection pipe connecting the tank and a secondary cooling water supply unit, a valve for controlling a flow rate of the secondary cooling water from the secondary cooling water supply unit to the tank, a fluid level detection unit for detecting a level of the secondary cooling water in the tank, a first circulation pipe connecting the tank and the heat exchanger, a second circulation pipe connecting the heat exchanger and a temperature-control target, a third circulation pipe connecting the tank and the temperature-control target, a pump for circulating the secondary cooling water through the first to third circulation pipes, and a controller for controlling the valve and the pump based on the detected fluid level.

Abstract: A fluid level control system includes: a first immersion cooling tank having a first volume of immersion cooling liquid and an inlet/outlet pipe extending from a base wall of the tank by which immersion cooling liquid can flow into and out of the first immersion cooling tank; at least one second volume of cooling liquid held within a liquid containing unit having a corresponding inlet/outlet pipe; and a pipe distribution system that physically connects the second volume of immersion cooling liquid to the first volume of immersion cooling liquid via respective inlet/outlet pipes and which enables fluid equilibrium to be maintained between the first volume of liquid and the second volume of liquid via gravitational equilibrium and/or passive level control such that a first volume level of the first volume of immersion cooling liquid remains substantially equal to a second volume level of the second volume of immersion cooling liquid.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining liquid depth information in a condensate pan of a climate control unit are provided. The systems and methods radiate a light beam into a liquid contained in a condensate pan associated with a climate control unit. The light beam is detected at a point of the condensate pan that is below a surface of the liquid. Information related to the depth of the liquid is determined based at least in part on the detected light beam. The systems and methods disclosed herein can determine if liquid depth in a condensate pan is greater than a threshold depth and can control evacuation of the liquid from the condensate pan.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the temperature of a substrate support may include a first heat transfer loop and a second heat transfer loop. The first heat transfer loop may have a first bath with a first heat transfer fluid at a first temperature. The second heat transfer loop may have a second bath with a second heat transfer fluid at a second temperature. The first and second temperatures may be the same or different. First and second flow controllers may be provided for respectively providing the first and second heat transfer fluids to a substrate support. One or more return lines may couple one or more outlets of the substrate support to the first and second baths for returning the first and second heat transfer fluids to the first and second baths.

Abstract: Apparatus (10) for extracting water from the atmosphere and supplying the extracted water to a domestic water supply to the dwelling, said apparatus being dimensioned and arranged relative to an access opening that leads from the dwelling into a roof space to be small enough to pass through the opening and be located in the roof space, said apparatus further comprising an air intake (12) located to receive humid air from outside the dwelling, a water extractor having a fan (13) operable to draw air in through the air intake (12) and pass the air over a cooling means for condensing water out of the air and means—for collecting the condensed water and supplying the collected water to the water supply tank (30) of the dwelling to replenish water in the tank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and arrangement of optimizing the level of anti freeze agent in a heat transfer fluid in a heat exchange system The method comprises determining (305) a wanted level of anti freeze agent at least partly based on the temperature of the media to which the heat exchange system will deliver heat, controlling (310) the current level of the anti freezing agent in the heat transfer fluid. Anti freezing agent is added 315:1 to the heat transfer fluid if the current level is a predetermined amount lower than the wanted level, and removed 315:2 from the heat transfer fluid if the current level is a predetermined amount higher than the wanted level.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a brine circuit through which brine flows, a pump disposed on the brine circuit, and a heat exchanger unit including a heat absorbing member and a heat radiating member. The heat absorbing member is in communication with the brine circuit. The heat absorbing member is capable of conducting heat generated from a cooling object to the brine for cooling the cooling object. The heat radiating member is in communication with the brine circuit and capable of receiving the heat from the brine. The brine circuit is configured such that the brine passes through the heat exchanger unit at a pressure equal to or lower than an atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A gas leak detecting system for a gas cooler includes, a gas cooler (1) for cooling a gas, which is supplied to and discharged from the interior of a cooler water chamber (2) via piping, with a coolant supplied to and discharged from the interior of the cooler water chamber; an automatic exhaust valve (12) for automatically discharging the gas, which has leaked into the cooler water chamber, to the outside; a gas leak detecting vessel (8) for accumulating a leakage gas discharged from the automatic exhaust valve; and a gas detecting device (13) for detecting the leakage gas within the gas leak detecting vessel.

Abstract: A reliable, leak-tolerant liquid cooling system with a backup air-cooling system for computers is provided. The system may use a vacuum pump and a liquid pump and/or an air compressor in combination to provide negative fluid pressure so that liquid does not leak out of the system near electrical components. Alternatively, the system can use a single vacuum pump and a valve assembly to circulate coolant. The system distributes flow and pressure with a series of pressure regulating valves so that an array of computers can be serviced by a single cooling system. The system provides both air and liquid cooling so that if the liquid cooling system does not provide adequate cooling, the air cooling system will be automatically activated. The heat may be removed from the building efficiently with a cooling tower.

Abstract: A heat pump system (10) includes a compressor (20), a reversing valve (30), an outdoor heat exchanger (40) and an indoor heat exchanger (50) coupled via refrigerant lines (35, 45, 55) in a conventional refrigeration circuit, and a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger (60). In the air cooling with water heating mode, the air heating with water heating mode and the water heating only mode, water from a water reservoir (64), such as a storage tank or swimming pool, is passed through heat exchanger (60) in heat exchange relationship with refrigerant passing through line (35). A refrigerant reservoir (70) may be provided for use in refrigerant charge control. A refrigerant line (71) couples reservoir (70) to the refrigerant circuit intermediate the outdoor and indoor heat exchangers for directing liquid refrigerant into the reservoir (70) and a refrigerant line (73) couples the refrigerant circuit upstream of the suction inlet to the compressor (20) for returning refrigerant to the refrigerant circuit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger assembly to be introduced into a sewage pipeline includes: at least one first heat exchanger adapted to thermally contact a heat source with sewage and at least one second heat exchanger adapted to thermally contact the sewage with a heat sink. The at least one second heat exchanger is arranged along the sewage flowing direction in the sewage pipeline and spaced from the at least one first heat exchanger, as well as to a method for transporting thermal energy.

Abstract: A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system for cooling electronic equipment and method of cooling are disclosed. The cooling system includes a free-cooling system cooling a first fluid in thermal communication with the electronic equipment using atmospheric air and a mechanical sub-cooling system coupled to the free-cooling system. The mechanical system cools a second fluid flowing in the free-cooling system as a function of an amount by which the free-cooling system has exceeded its maximum cooling capacity. The method of cooling includes using a first fluid, enabling heat transfer from the first fluid to a second fluid that has been cooled using atmospheric air, and mechanically cooling the second fluid to the extent that free cooling the first fluid is insufficient to cool the first fluid. The cooling system operates by the wet bulb temperature exceeding a first predetermined wet bulb temperature.

Abstract: A system for cooling at least one singulation saw used to singulate components from a substrate. The system is comprised of a coolant loop having at one or more coolant delivery means, a coolant collection means, one or more recycle tanks for contaminate particles to settle out of the captured coolant, a mixing tank configured after the recycle tanks within the loop to produce and replace lost coolant, and a means to cool the coolant. The system can all so include filters within the loop to remove particles not removed by the settling tank. Further, the system is able to be configured with a holding tank configured to prevent any bubbles from getting to the coolant delivery means.

Abstract: A hot water feeder in which a solar heat collector is used. The feeder has a first heat exchanger for heating a heat medium by solar heat, a second heat exchanger for heating water in a hot-water tank by the heated heat medium, and a heat exchange volume determination unit. The heat exchange volume determination unit calculates the flow rate of the heat medium circulating between the first and second heat exchangers on the basis of the detected temperature of the heat medium fed to the first heat exchanger and the rotational speed of a heat medium circulation pump, and calculates the heat exchange volume on basis of the flow rate and the temperature difference between the detected temperatures.

Abstract: A combustion engine includes a carburetor, which is a fuel supply device for introducing fuel into an intake air of the engine, and a fan housing for enclosing a cooling fan mounted on a front end portion of a crankshaft. The fan housing is formed with a flange so as to extend towards a position proximate to the carburetor, and a manually operable priming pump is fitted to the flange.

Abstract: A multiple-tank water thermal storage system and its using method belong to energy saving technology. The multiple-tank water thermal storage system includes at least two water tanks. There are an upper diffuser (2) and a lower diffuser (5) provided in each said water tank. The upper and lower diffusers (2, 5) are connected with a chiller (heater) unit (4) and a heat exchanger (11) after connecting in parallel, respectively. Control valves (8) are set on pipes of the upper and the lower diffusers (2, 5), respectively. A thermal energy-charging pump (1) is set on the water-inlet pipe of chiller (heater) unit (4). A thermal energy-releasing pump (10) is set on the water-inlet pipe of the heat exchanger (11), and temperature sensors (6) are set in the water tanks.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining liquid depth information in a condensate pan of a climate control unit are provided. The systems and methods radiate a light beam into a liquid contained in a condensate pan associated with a climate control unit. The light beam is detected at a point of the condensate pan that is below a surface of the liquid. Information related to the depth of the liquid is determined based at least in part on the detected light beam. The systems and methods disclosed herein can determine if liquid depth in a condensate pan is greater than a threshold depth and can control evacuation of the liquid from the condensate pan.

Abstract: A heat pump liquid heater system comprises a liquid conduit to direct a flow of a liquid between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a plurality of heat pump liquid heaters. Each heat pump liquid heater comprises a heat transfer element to transfer heat to the liquid and a temperature sensor to detect temperature of the heated liquid. A controller controls operation of the heat pumps based on the detected temperature of the heated liquid. The liquid conduit through which the liquid flows includes a plurality of adaptor assemblies, each of which has a heat pump port adapted to receive a heat transfer element and a temperature sensor for extension into the liquid conduit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and arrangement of optimizing the level of anti freeze agent in a heat transfer fluid in a heat exchange system The method comprises determining (305) a wanted level of anti freeze agent at least partly based on the temperature of the media to which the heat exchange system will deliver heat, controlling (310) the current level of the anti freezing agent in the heat transfer fluid. Anti freezing agent is added 315:1 to the heat transfer fluid if the current level is a predetermined amount lower than the wanted Level, and removed 315:2 from the heat transfer fluid if the current level is a predetermined amount higher than the wanted level.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a brine circuit through which brine flows, a pump disposed on the brine circuit, and a heat exchanger unit including a heat absorbing member and a heat radiating member. The heat absorbing member is in communication with the brine circuit. The heat absorbing member is capable of conducting heat generated from a cooling object to the brine for cooling the cooling object. The heat radiating member is in communication with the brine circuit and capable of receiving the heat from the brine. The brine circuit is configured such that the brine passes through the heat exchanger unit at a pressure equal to or lower than an atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A heat pump system includes a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a heat accepting heat exchanger. A storage tank stores the water that cools the refrigerant in the heat rejecting heat exchanger. A mechanical interface plate positioned between a hot water reservoir and a cold water reservoir in the storage tank reduces heat transfer between the hot water and the cold water. During a water heating mode, cold water from the cold reservoir flows into the heat sink to cool the refrigerant in the heat rejecting heat exchanger. As the water exchanges heat with the refrigerant, the water is heated in the heat sink, exits the heat sink, and flows into the hot reservoir of the storage tank. During a water discharge mode, the hot water in the hot reservoir is removed from the storage tank and flows into a hot water discharge. Cold water from a water source flows into the cold reservoir of the storage tank to refill the storage tank.

Abstract: A heat exchanger extracts heat from a two-phase fluid coolant so that the coolant changes from a vapor state to a liquid state. Two valves have respective inlets which communicate with the coolant in the heat exchanger, and which are physically spaced from each other. Valve control structure responds to the presence of liquid at the inlet to either valve by opening that valve, so that the liquid coolant flows through the valve to a discharge section. A different feature involves a housing with a heat exchanger therein, the heat exchanger having a plurality of coolant conduits that are axially spaced. A flow of air travels axially within the housing, then flows transversely past the conduits to the other side thereof, and then resumes flowing axially on the other side of the conduits.

Abstract: The whole main tank for housing the constant temperature liquid the temperature of which is adjusted by a temperature adjusting device is supported in a sub tank with a gap as a heat insulating layer around the main tank. A liquid level regulating mechanism supplies and discharges the constant temperature liquid between inside of the main tank and the gap formed in the sub tank to thereby achieve heat insulation and regulation of the liquid level of the constant temperature liquid housed in the main tank by utilizing the same gap in the sub tank.

Abstract: A heat pump system includes a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger, an expansion device, and a heat accepting heat exchanger. A storage tank stores the water that cools the refrigerant in the heat rejecting heat exchanger. A mechanical interface plate positioned between a hot water reservoir and a cold water reservoir in the storage tank reduces heat transfer between the hot water and the cold water. During a water heating mode, cold water from the cold reservoir flows into the heat sink to cool the refrigerant in the heat rejecting heat exchanger. As the water exchanges heat with the refrigerant, the water is heated in the heat sink, exits the heat sink, and flows into the hot reservoir of the storage tank. During a water discharge mode, the hot water in the hot reservoir is removed from the storage tank and flows into a hot water discharge. Cold water from a water source flows into the cold reservoir of the storage tank to refill the storage tank.

Abstract: A temperature adjustment apparatus that can reduce the amount of evaporation of a medium without using a closed type container. A temperature adjustment apparatus 24 is composed of a container 26 that contains PFC 42 for heat exchange, a circulation path 28 of the PFC 42 that passes through an electrode 20 of a plasma processing apparatus 10, and a pump 30. A liquid layer 40 that separates from the PFC 42 is formed in an upper layer of the PFC 42 that is contained in the container 26. As a result, the PFC 42 does not directly contact the atmosphere and therefore the amount of evaporation of the PFC 42 into the atmosphere is substantially reduced.

Abstract: An ice water cooling system for a multi-story building includes an open chemical tank 304 adjacent the bottom of the building 300. The tank includes a float-level ball 310 positioned therein for controlling the flow volume of water from the pipeline circular system 302. A pump 314 and check valve 312 are positioned downstream of the tank and are configured to prevent reflux from the pipeline circular system. The float-level ball, pump and check valve act to isolate the pressure in the pipeline circular system from that of the open-chemical tank which is at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method for controlling heat exchange in a nuclear reactor. The reactor contains at least one thermal valve, at least one heat exchanger having a coolant flowing therein, with the heat exchanger being immersed in a pool containing a fluid. The heat exchanger is confined by a container having an upper part with an opening therein and a lower part having means for introducing the fluid through such lower part as well as means for partially or totally opening or closing said opening in the upper part and means for partially or totally opening or closing opening in the lower part. The method comprises the steps of closing the opening in the upper part of the container to thereby vaporize said fluid, in order to cause a cessation of heat exchange between the coolant and the fluid; and opening the opening in the upper part of the container to thereby cause the fluid to be heated and to rise by convection, thereby permitting heat exchange to occur between the coolant and the fluid.

Abstract: Rapid cooling apparatus including a housing, a hot fluid coil disposed in the housing through which flows a product, a cooling liquid disposed in the housing which at least partially covers the hot fluid coil, and a condensing coil disposed in the housing through which flows a coolant, characterized by a reservoir in fluid communication with the cooling liquid in the interior of the housing, the reservoir being movable either towards the hot fluid coil and away from the condensing coil or towards the condensing coil and away from the hot fluid coil, so as to regulate a level of the cooling liquid which at least partially covers the hot fluid coil.

Abstract: A system is adapted to be vehicle mounted and powered by a D.C. source coupled with an inverter to cool individuals or temperature sensitive hardware under uncomfortable ambient conditions. The system includes a pumped liquid circulation loop which can be connected by self-sealing lines with cooling garments, temperature sensitive hardware and the like. An evaporative heat exchanger is provided in the loop as well as a liquid reservoir which is sized to limit short cycling of a compressor in a refrigeration loop associated therewith via the evaporative heat exchanger. A hot gas bypass can be associated with the compressor to allow recirculation of the superheated refrigerant gas when cooling is not required.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction heat control mechanism of heat exchange area regulation type in a chemical reaction apparatus comprising: a reaction vessel for receiving a liquid agent to be reacted therein; a heater; a cooling jacket acting as an airtight vessel in and out of which a cooling medium flows; a temperature controller; and a cooling medium liquid- level controller acting as a supply and exhasut change mechanism for changing and regulating a volume of gas in the cooling jacket, said liquid level controller controlling the reaction heat of the liquid agent in the reaction vessel by increasing or decreasing a contact area of the cooling medium in the cooling jacket with the outer surface of the reaction vessel, and it can even control chemical reaction experiencing sudden temperature change in the reaction vessel in a quick and stable manner.