Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a plurality of in-line segments for alternately enveloping one fluid flow with another fluid flow with the fluid flow exchange occurring at the junction of adjacent segments through a geometric surface mathematically termed a complete embedded minimal surface. An encircling cylindrical shell defined in diameter by the perimeter of the junction surface forms the outer boundary of the in-line segments. The fluid flows may be in the same or opposed directions, depending upon the nature of the results sought by the heat exchanger in a specific environment.

Abstract: A compact and maintenance-free means and method of regenerating the sensible heat from flue gases of fossil fuel furnaces by heat exchange through two circular layers of rock beds rotating under two semi-circular mantles with the first mantle applying hot flue gases to the beds and the second withdrawing preheated ambient air needed for combustion by said furnaces. When used for power plant flue gas treatment, layers of acid-resistant pipes containing boiler feedwater are sandwiched between the two rock bed layers to usefully recover the heat units arising from moisture condensation. The enormous water of condensation collects flyash and sulphur dioxide thus removing these pollutants from the stack gases. The heavy rock beds rotate slowly beneath the fixed mantles in a circular, pan-shaped, steel vessel floating on and cooled by a circular pond of water. Friction of rotation is minimal and gas leakage principally prevented by liquid seals. When flue gas temperature rises, as above 600 degrees F.

Abstract: A unique heat exchanger device which is mounted in the flue of a forced air furnace is disclosed. A plurality of copper tubes are retained in a substantially parallel and equidistant relationship by means of end plates. A plurality of circular metallic fins are positioned on the copper tubes and serve as heat radiating surfaces. Cross tubes are provided within the copper tubes permitting the passage of heated air therethrough. The tube assembly is covered by a perforated shroud permitting air at room temperature to pass therethrough and to circulate among the heated copper tubes. An exhaust manifold is provided on the perforated shroud to permit connection of the device to the cold air return on the furnace.

Abstract: In gas-cooled electric machines with a closed cooling loop which is distributed over two heat exchangers, arranged on the upper or under side of the machine, only part of the circulating cooling gas is cooled so that the electric machine must be taken out of operation because of the danger of local ovewrheating. In order to overcome this, baffles are arranged adjacent to the heat exchangers so as to block the cooling gas on half the side of the opposite axial cooling gas passage regions of the heat exchangers, thus subdividing the cooling gas stream into two halves with opposite flow directions. The partial transfer of the cooling gas stream halves to the entire width of the axial cooling gas passage areas of the heat exchangers provides turbulence and a distribution of the cooling gas for uniform cooling also in the event of a failure of one heat exchanger.

Abstract: A distillation type of water purification system has a raw water inlet valve for admitting raw water continuously to a boiling tank at a rate greater than the rate at which raw water is converted to treated water. A drain valve located at the bottom of the boiling tank is energized by a raw water level sensing means whenever the raw water level reaches a predetermined level, to discharge water from the boiling tank. Treated water is stored in a storage tank having a pump for discharging treated water to the user upon demand. A single conductivity sensor in the storage tank controls the pump to allow it to operate only if the sensed conductivity is above a first predetermined value but not at or above a second predetermined value greater than the first value. An improved condenser has two sets of tubes, each set is arranged in a pair of planes oriented transverse the flow of cooling air with the tubes parallel. The internal cross-sectional area of one set is about twice that of the other.

Abstract: The heat exchanger is formed of parallel rows of tubes and transverse ribs. The ribs have flat uncorrugated parts extending in zones about and along the rows of tubes as well as corrugated parts extending between the rows of tubes. The flat parts may be separated from the corrugated parts by stepped parts or fillers may be provided in the gaps between the uncorrugated parts. The gaps are to conduct a flow of medium in heat exchange relation to a flow of medium through the tubes. The crests and troughs of each corrugated part extend from the same plane adjacent a flat part and terminate in a similar plane at an adjacent flat part. Streamline-shaped inflow and outflow members aligned with the stepped part of the fin direct the flow of air.

Abstract: A thermally reversible heat exchange unit comprising an elongated outer jacket, at least one interior heat transfer surface and heat exchange fluid flowing therebetween in plug fashion.

Abstract: A cooling structure for a semiconductor package wherein the cooling fluid is circulated over the cooling fins over short distances. The fluid flow is separated into multiple flow streams, passed over the fins for short distances and exhausted.

Abstract: A circuit module that contains a planar array of chips has an improved fin assembly that transfers heat to a liquid coolant that is circulated through the fins in a single pass so that there is a tendency for the upstream edge of the fins to run cold and the downstream edge to run hot. The module can be immersed in the coolant. A shroud on the fins confines the coolant flow to channels defined by the fins, the shroud, and the base of the fins. The fin assembly is constructed so that the coolant channels are narrowed as a function of the temperature of the liquid coolant. The narrowing channels increase the coolant velocity and thereby improves the heat transfer at what would otherwise become the hot end of the module. The coolant velocity is increased at the appropriate rate to maintain equal cooling along the direction of coolant flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coil assembly for use in an evaporative parallel flow or counterflow heat exchanger wherein the heat exchanger comprises a conduit oriented in a vertical direction through which external heat exchange fluids flow in a generally vertical direction, the coil assembly being mountable within the conduit, the coil assembly comprising inlet and outlet manifolds and a plurality of tubes connecting the manifolds, the tubes including bights and segments extending generally horizontally across the conduit and connected to at least one bight, the bights being oriented vertically and connecting segments of the tube at different levels within the conduit, the bights of adjacent tubes being in contact with each other, the segments having a generally elliptical cross sectional shape such that the segments of adjacent tubes are spaced from each other in a direction generally normal to the flow direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for containing and cooling high-density integrated circuit packages includes a housing in which the circuit package is sealingly mounted in an internal chamber of said housing. The chamber is at least partially filled with a plurality of thermally conductive spheroids which are biased into thermally conductive contact with each other and with the integrated circuit package to maximize the heat exchange surface. The apparatus includes an inlet and an outlet for passing a dielectric immersion coolant through the chamber in direct heat exchange relationship with the spheroids and with the high-density integrated circuit package.

Abstract: A ventilation unit for heating or air-conditioning in a motor vehicle. The unit includes a blower and a heat exchanger, with a diffuser positioned in the flow of air from the blower. The diffuser spreads the air flow so that it substantially covers the heat exchanger area. A grid positioned between the diffuser and the heat exchanger aids in spreading the flow of air to the peripheral portions of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: In finned tube arrangements for cooling a medium which flows in the finned tubes by a second medium which flows outside of the finned tubes and transversely thereof, flow guide elements are positioned at the inflow side and/or at the outflow side of the finned tube arrangement to reduce the pressure loss and, possibly, increase the heat transfer coefficient.

Abstract: The heat exchanger designed, for example, for cooling highly viscous, especially intrinsically viscous free-flowing substances is provided with cooling elements (1) consisting of flat tubes which are built into a straight flow-through area (4) for the free-flowing substance to be cooled. In order to make possible a heat exchanger for intrinsically viscous, free-flowing substances which is as compact as possible, yet very effective, the cooling tubes (1) are arranged in spaced, adjacent rows in parallel planes which run obliquely to the direction of flow (X) of the heat exchanger and are at a distance from each other in the direction of flow of the heat exchanger. The cooling elements (2, 3) arranged in two adjacent planes intersect each other, viewed in the direction of flow of the heat exchanger, at an angle of 90.degree..

Abstract: A counter flow heat exchanger comprising a central low pressure return tube deformed intermediate its ends to enhance heat transfer capability wrapped by a high pressure tube to conduct fluid to an expansion device. Also disclosed are a method of increasing the heat transfer capacity of a tube bundle heat exchanger and a liquid helium temperature refrigerator or a reliquefier utilizing the heat exchanger.

Abstract: In an air-conditioner or heater for a motor vehicle cabin, the casing (10) housing the heat exchanger (12) proper essentially comprises an air inlet duct (26) leading to the upstream face (22) of the heat exchanger and an air outlet duct (28) leading away from the downstream face (24) of the heat exchanger. A baffle wall (38) extends adjacent to the downstream face (24) to hinder the flow of air through portions of the heat exchanger where it would otherwise flow fastest. This increases the overall efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An earth orbiting satellite (10) having a despun interior portion (22) supporting heat generating elements (24) and a spinning exterior portion (12) having a thermal radiator (20) for heat radiated by these elements, is provided with reflectors (42, 44) in the annulus (40) between the spinning and despun portions, the reflectors being configured to reflect radiation from the annulus to the thermal radiator. See FIG. 2.

Abstract: Heat exchangers depend for efficiency upon optimum fluid flow, such as air, through their fins and about tubes extending through the fins. The air flow, particularly at the ends of a heat exchanger, can sometimes be of a significantly reduced amount owing to the construction of, or arrangement of elements in, the heat exchanger. First and second cores (12,14) of a heat exchanger (10) are positioned in a general "V" configuration with their inlet ends (24,42) adjacent one another. Apparatus (64) is provided upstream of the inlet ends (28,46) of the cores (12,14) to direct the air flow in a preselected orientation to inlet surfaces (20,38) of the cores (12,14) at the ends (28,46) of the cores (12,14). Air flow is thus improved over a portion of the heat exchanger (10) to increase its heat transfer efficiency.