Abstract: The present invention relates to a powdered mix of a phase change material blend. The blend includes a polar phase change material bound substantially to at least one surface of a clay matrix having a surface charge, wherein the blend is present in a powdered form at temperatures above and below the phase change temperature of the polar phase change material. The present invention also relates to a method of making the powdered mix of a phase change material blend and a therapy pack including the powdered mix of a phase change material blend.

Abstract: Device for cooling fluid, comprising: an inlet for infeed of the fluid; a through-flow space through which the fluid flows; a discharge for outfeed of the fluid; and a number of pipes containing coolant which extend helically in the interior of the through-flow space and the pitch of which is such that the upward angle at least equals the angle of fall of solid particles present in the fluid flow.

Abstract: An activator (10) made in accordance with the principles of the present invention includes activating crystals (11) that have been formed into a shape and then coated with coating (12). The activator (10) of the present invention can be used in any environment in which the solidification of a supercooled solution occurs and whereby heat is generated during the solidification process. In the preferred embodiment disclosed herein, the activator is placed inside a hot pack (15) containing a supercooled solution (16). The hot pack can be made of a container made of a thermoplastic film which is formed into a bag, filled with activator (10) and the supercooled solution (16), and sealed to form the hot pack. The coating (12) of the activator (10) is impervious to the supercooled solution (16) in the hot pack (15) and into which the activator will be placed. The supercooled solution (16) may be any of a variety of chemical compositions known in the art which give off heat as they solidify.

Abstract: This invention employs discrete, free-flowing particles as substrates for the absorption of water as a phase changing, thermal payload. The aqueous payloads are retained in the particles as they cycle between freezing and thawing, delivering and absorbing sensible and latent heat. Extraparticualate additives in the form of finely divided hydrophobic solids prevent the particles from freezing together into a solid block in preparation for their use as a cooling agent. With free-flowing properties thus secured over a wide temperature range, cooling media of this invention are particularly suitable for healthcare applications.

Abstract: A heat exchanger 10 comprises a pressure vessel 14 having a feed inlet 11 in an upper part thereof for particulate material to be subjected to heat exchange and an outlet 13 at a lower part thereof for the outflow of particulate material from the vessel 14. A plurality of heat exchange elements, such as heat exchange plates 12, arranged in spaced relationship inside the pressure vessel 14 to define flow passages between adjacent heat exchange elements 12 is provided for particulate material to flow therethrough under the force of gravity. The pressure vessel 14 has an inside wall extending around the heat exchange elements 12 and further comprises a trap, such as a baffle 22, between the heat exchange elements 12 and the inside wall for trapping particulate material leaking from the flow passages between the heat exchange elements 12 to form a gas barrier 26 between the heat exchange elements 12 and the pressure vessel 14.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-accumulating material comprising a thermally inert max which is an open-porosity substance, and a thermosensitive working substance which is a hygroscopic substance capable of reversible dehydration-hydration processes. A heat-accumulating material according to the present invention is intended for the use as a cooling and heating agent for a gas/air atmosphere, a thermostating agent, and as protection against heating of articles and building constructions, for example radio-electronic devices, as well as as a means for fire extinguishing.

Abstract: A mass flow cooler for cooling particulate material comprising a vertical bin having a top end, a bottom end, a material inlet near the top end and a material discharge in the bottom end; the material discharge comprising a plurality of orifices through which the particulate material may flow; a plurality of vertical, tubular heat exchanger elements, each having an open top end and a sealed bottom end and extending from the top of the bin toward the bottom of the bin; a plurality of fluid distribution tubes corresponding to the number of heat exchanger elements, each fluid distribution tube having an open top end and an open bottom end and extending through the top end of a corresponding heat exchanger element toward the bottom end of the heat exchanger element; each fluid distribution tube being connected to a source of cooling fluid; and a discharge orifice plate positioned below the material discharge for controlling the rate at which the material flows through the bin.

Abstract: A cooling device (1) in the form of a vertically arranged hollow chamber is located between a heat treatment furnace (9) and a quenching bath (11d). The device controls the cooling of small hardware items dropping downwardly through it from the furnace (9) to the bath (11d). Spaced baffles (3) are arranged in the hollow chamber and are adjustably inclinable relative to the vertical. A heat transfer member is connected to the baffles so that heat can be removed from or stabilized in the small hardware items flowing over the baffles.

Abstract: A system for heat exchange processing of particulate solid material is disclosed. The particulate solids are flowed by gravity through a housing packed with flat, internally cooled (or heated) heat exchange panels spaced apart to define generally vertical channels for the passage of the solid particulate. The panels are formed of opposed metal sheets, sealed around their edges, spot welded together in limited areas of joinder, in a predetermined pattern over their surfaces, and hydrostatically expanded in the areas between to form surfaces that are quilt-like in appearance. The panels are configured in two alternate forms such that, when a plurality of panels are assembled in a stack, the hydrostatically expanded portions of one panel are disposed opposite the areas of joinder of an adjacent panel of alternate configuration, creating a sinuous, but relatively uniform flow path for the flow of particulate solids between panels.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for heating fluid particulate material comprising a heating chamber (11), heating means associated with the heating chamber (11), a receptacle (14) mounted above the heating chamber (11), a delivery chamber (17) located below the heating chamber (11), a set of flow passageways (16) extending through the heating chamber (11) between the receptacle (14) and the delivery chamber (17), the delivery chamber (17) having an outlet (18) at its lower portion wherein the delivery chamber (17) is provided with at least one restricted passageway (24) opening into the heating chamber (11) for the relief of gaseous pressure developed in the delivery chamber (17).

Abstract: Free-flowing solid particulates are cooled in an apparatus comprising a housing containing a multiplicity of parallel, vertical, expanded heat exchanger plates spaced at 15-100 mm and having passages therebetween. Each plate has continuous flow channels for cooling fluid therein. A fluid inlet and outlet are attached to the flow channels in each plate and common fluid inlet and outlet headers are attached to the inlets and outlets, respectively. A feed hopper for feeding particulates to the passages is positioned above and attached to the housing. A discharge hopper for receiving cooled particulates from the passages is positioned below and attached to the housing. The discharge hopper contains two adjacent parallel bins each having a swinging section operatively connected to an actuator activated by a level control means positioned in the feed hopper.

Abstract: During a heat treatment in continuous flow of a product mixture consisting of a liquid containing solid particulates, the mixture is heated to a certain desired temperature in one or more heat exchange sections, held at this temperature in a heat-holding section for a certain time, and then cooled to the desired end temperature in one or more heat exchange sections. The residence time of the solid particulates in the heat-holding section is regulated separately and independently of the residence time of the liquid in the heat-holding section, while the solid particulates are constantly flowed round by the liquid. If there are solid particulates of various sizes in the liquid, the residence time of the various size fractions of solid particulates is regulated separately depending on the size of the solid particulates in a particular fraction.

Abstract: An arrangement for the protection of tube sections of platen-like heat-transfer surfaces disposed in a gas conduit against wear by gases laden with solid particles. A wear-protection element can be withdrawn from the gas conduit, in the direction of the lengthwise direction thereof, without the need to first loosen a fixed connection to the tube sections that are to be protected. The wear-protection element can be in the form of a rotatable deflector that protects the rounded end portions of tubes, or can be in the form of a solid section that protects linear tube sections.

Abstract: Heat transfer equipment is provided having a chamber adapted to contain a bed of free-flowing granular material and a plurality of spirally wound cylindrical tube coils nested together which extend concentrically around a centrally positioned tube collector. Each tube coil is wound on a cylindrical surface having an axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the chamber. The tubes at least at the top end of the chamber emerge from the coil and remain on the cylindrical surface as they extend in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. The tubes then bend about 90.degree. and extend radially toward the longitudinal axis and connect to the centrally positioned tube collector. In the radial run, the tubes from different tube coils overlap one another on the top of the coils and extend radially over substantially the same outer surface of the tube coils. A retaining device adapted to be removed in sections is positioned below the tubes in the chamber.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for heating fluid particulate material comprising a heating chamber, heating means associated with the heating chamber, a hopper mounted above the heating chamber, a delivery chamber located below the heating chamber, a set of flow passageways extending through the heating chamber between the hopper and delivery chamber, said delivery chamber having an outlet at its lower portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved aggregate drying apparatus and method where the dried aggregate is particularly useful for making hot mix asphalt. In accordance with the system, heat typically lost in exhaust gases and moisture evaporated in a heater is recovered to dry and preheat the aggregate. The invention also relates to novel components used in the system, including an improved aggregate dryer and an improved mass flow apparatus for use in an aggregate dryer or otherwise in aggregate feed bins.

Abstract: This application discloses several components relating to a heating apparatus which preferably are used in conjunction with each other in an apparatus for heating solid granular or particulate material, such as aggregate used to make asphalt concrete. One component of the present invention includes a heater-condenser unit which indirectly heats the material by circulating heat transfer fluid within hollow plates contained in a housing holding the material. The material is heated, the heat transfer fluid is condensed and a condensate removal means associated with the hollow plates removes the condensate from the housing. The heat transfer fluid used in the heater-condenser preferably is supplied in the form of a vapor or gas evolved from liquid contained in material heated by another type of heater. In this other type of heater, the material to be dried enters a chamber containing hollow heat exchange plates through which a primary heat transfer fluid is circulating.

Abstract: In glass production, waste gases are usually produced which still have a residual temperature of 400.degree.-600.degree. C. even though they are normally used for preheating the fresh air for a glass melting furnace. To be able to utilize this residual energy effectively for the preheating of the raw materials for glass production, particularly cullet, the invention proposes to conduct the waste gases through a bunker (19) for the temporary storage of cullet (20) and to heat the cullet mixture (20) to up to 380.degree. C. during this process. According to a proposal of the invention, the cooled waste gases contaminated during the preheating of the cullet mixture (20) are conducted via a wet scrubber (26) before they are returned to the waste-gas duct (17) leading to the chimney or similar.

Abstract: A method of the exchange of heat between solids where the heated solids are passed through heat conducting tubes defining a first flow path or zone in the heat exchanger and the solids to be heated are passed through the interstitial space around the tubes, or through secondary tubes, in the heat exchanger, defining a second flow path or zone. The solids are physically separated by the walls of the tubes which act as a heat conducting barrier and the solids are flowed, under moving-bed conditions, in counter-current or concurrent directions to enable the heat transfer to be effected.

Abstract: A heat exchanger consisting of a housing (1) with integrated caloric surfaces (3) for cooling bulk materials (8)--in particular hot foundry molding sands--comprises a retarder system in the form of a sand cascade which consists of an upper perforated plate (9) with many small individual holes (11), of a lower perforated plate (12) with few individual holes (12), said perforated plates being spaced apart by perforated plates (4,15), the sand flow through the slide system (5,6,14) being controllable and sealable.The passage holes may assume the shapes of triangular, longitudinal or T slots in order to operate such a retarder cooler over a large range of regulation.The perforated spacer plates (4) moreover form a support plate with high static load capacities to absorb the substantial weights of the bulk materials.