Abstract: A heat exchanger end cover integrated with a rubber ball cleaning apparatus is disclosed, including a ball collector and a booster pump which are arranged outside the heat exchanger end cover, and a ball-receiving filter screen arranged inside the heat exchanger end cover. The heat exchanger end cover is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe joint and a cooling water outlet pipe joint, the cooling water inlet pipe joint is provided with a water suction port and a ball-dispensing port, and the cooling water outlet pipe joint is provided with a water discharge port and a ball-receiving port.

Abstract: A method of controlling cooling water treatment at a cooling tower may involve measuring operating data of one or more downstream heat exchangers that receive cooling water from the cooling tower. For example, the inlet and outlet temperatures of both the hot and cold streams of a downstream heat exchanger may be measured, optionally along with a flow rate of the cooling water stream passing through the heat exchanger. Data from the streams passing through the heat exchanger may be used to determine a heat transfer efficiency for the heat exchanger. The heat transfer efficiency can be trended over a period of time and changes in the trend detected to identify cooling water fouling issues. A chemical additive selected to reduce, eliminate, or otherwise control the cooling water fouling can be controlled based on the changes in heat transfer efficiency detected at the downstream heat exchanger.

Abstract: A steam soot blowing device is provided, including: a steam sootblower, a first pipe communicating with the steam sootblower; and nozzle assemblies communicating with the first pipe, including a first nozzle assembly and a second nozzle assembly, wherein the first nozzle assembly includes a throttle pipe with one end communicating with the first pipe, and a sprayer communicating with the other end of the throttle pipe, and diameter of an inlet of the sprayer is smaller than diameter of an outlet thereof; the second nozzle assembly includes a distribution pipe communicating with the first pipe and at least one nozzle communicating with the distribution pipe, wherein steam jet velocity at the outlet of the sprayer is greatly smaller than steam jet velocity at an outlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: A data logger device for monitoring operation of a flexible lance drive apparatus is disclosed that includes a cylindrical housing removably connected to an air fluid pressure line to the drive apparatus, a circuit board mounted in the housing, a pressure sensing switch mounted on the circuit board and communicating with the fluid in the pressure line, and a processor and memory on the board operable to log time at which the switch changes state between two predetermined states.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corrosion-resistant air preheater capable of slowing down dust deposit. The air preheater comprises a shell, an air inlet is fixedly formed in the side wall of the shell, an air outlet is fixedly formed in the side, away from the air inlet, of the shell, a flue gas through pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the shell, rotating assemblies are arranged on the outer side wall of the flue gas through pipe, a flue gas inlet box is fixedly arranged at the top of the shell. According to the corrosion-resistant air preheater, an air pressure plate is pushed through the flue gas pressure intensity, and then the air pressure plate can descend. After the air pressure plate descends, rotating blades can rotate under the flowing effect of flue gas, then a movable rod rotates, and a scraping plate is further enabled to rotate.

Abstract: In some examples, a flow of hydrocarbon feed can be introduced into a pyrolysis furnace that includes a first radiant coil and a second radiant coil. At least a portion of the hydrocarbon feed can be pyrolysed in the first radiant coil and the second radiant coil to produce a pyrolysis effluent and to deposit coke on an inner surface of each of the first radiant coil and the second radiant coil. The flow of the hydrocarbon feed can be decreased into the first radiant coil and the flow of the hydrocarbon feed into the second radiant coil can be maintained, wherein the flow of the hydrocarbon feed into the pyrolysis furnace can be decreased by about 10 vol. % to about 90 vol. %. A decoking feed including steam at a pressure of ?690 kPag can be introduced into the first radiant coil of the pyrolysis furnace to remove at least a portion of the coke deposited on the inner surface of the first radiant coil.

Abstract: A heat exchange system includes a shell having an interior with an inlet and an outlet wherein a first fluid circuit is defined from the inlet, through a heat exchange volume within the interior of the shell, to the outlet. A tubesheet is mounted within the shell dividing between the heat exchange volume and a plenum of a second fluid circuit within the interior of the shell. A set of tubes extends through the heat exchange volume, a respective interior passage of each tube being in fluid communication with the plenum through a respective opening though the tubesheet. The second fluid circuit includes the plenum and interior passages of the tubes. A spray nozzle is mounted in the plenum of the second fluid circuit with a spray outlet directed toward the tubesheet for cleaning the tubesheet with a submerged impingement jet issued from the spray nozzle.

Abstract: This invention relates to a self cleaning reactor and to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene that employs a self-cleaning reactor. The reactor includes a mass of inert, particulate cleaning bodies that are entrained by the liquid in the reactor and scour the internal surfaces of the reactor during normal operation. This scouring action reduces the level of fouling on the reactor surfaces. Foulant material (polyethylene) is removed from the process on a continuous basis but the cleaning bodies remain within the reactor.

Abstract: A fuel-fired furnace incorporates specially designed fuel/air mixing and combustion structures. The fuel/air mixing structure is of a mixing sound-attenuating design and comprises a venturi having a perforated sidewall portion and being surrounded by a noise-damping housing chamber communicating with the interior of the venturi via its sidewall perforations. During use of the mixing structure, air is flowed through the venturi in a swirling pattern while fuel is transversely injected internally against the swirling air. The combustion structure comprises a burner box housing into which the fuel/air mixture is flowed, combusted, and then discharged as hot combustion gas into and through the heat exchanger tubes. The fuel/air mixture entering the burner box housing initially passes through a non-uniformly perforated diffuser plate functioning to substantially alter in a predetermined manner the relative combustion gas flow rates through the heat exchanger tubes.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided. The display apparatus comprises an electronic display assembly, a heat exchanger, a fan, and a cleaning device. The heat exchanger comprises one or more internal heat dissipation pathways and one or more external heat dissipation pathways. The one or more internal heat dissipation pathways are thermally coupled to the electronic display assembly and the one or more internal heat dissipation pathways are thermally coupled to the one or more external heat dissipation pathways. The fan generates ambient air flow passing through the one or more external heat dissipation pathways. The cleaning device is connected to the one or more external heat dissipation pathways, and used for injecting a cleaning fluid into the one or more external heat dissipation pathways.

Abstract: A rotary screen door assembly for a work vehicle includes a door configured to couple to an enclosure of the work vehicle for movement between a closed position and an open position, and a screen rotatably supported on the door and configured to filter air passing through an air inlet defined in the door. The rotary screen door assembly also includes a first shaft segment rotatably supported on the door and coupled to the screen, the first shaft segment having a first magnetic coupler configured to engage a corresponding second magnetic coupler of the work vehicle.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including a body. The body includes a plurality of heat transfer pathways, and a flushing manifold formed with the body of the heat exchanger. The flushing manifold includes a plurality of nozzles oriented so as to spray a flushing fluid onto, into, or both onto and into one or more of the plurality of heat transfer pathways. A method of flushing particulates from a heat exchanger including supplying a flushing fluid through a flushing manifold formed with a body of a heat exchanger, and spraying the flushing fluid onto, into, or both onto and into one or more heat transfer pathways using one or more nozzles in fluid communication with the flushing manifold.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle includes a front bumper comprising an opening; a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor comprising a surface exposed to the opening of the front bumper; and a sensor cleaning device configured to remove foreign materials on the surface. The sensor cleaning device includes a wiper configured to move over a surface of a sensor to remove foreign materials from the surface of the sensor; and a movement unit connected to the wiper and comprising at least a linkage system configured to perform folding and unfolding movements, which causes the wiper to reciprocate over the surface of the sensor.

Abstract: In a hydraulic circuit including a ball circulation pump skid, a single pump, and a set of valves in a manifold of the ball circulation pump skid, the pump and valves are operated to move all fluid in the hydraulic circuit alternately along two paths through an operative device and a ball collection capsule in the manifold, so that none of the balls ever enter the pump. The first path enables (a) ball-containing fluid flow from the operative device to the ball collection capsule and (b) ball-free fluid flow from the ball collection capsule to the exactly one pump and back to the manifold. The second path provides for (c) ball-free fluid flow from the pump to the ball collection capsule and (d) ball-entraining flow from the ball collection capsule to the operative device.

Abstract: A cooling device for reducing the temperature of cooked warm food in a liquid or paste-like state held in a container, in particular in a standard trolley, is provided. The cooling device includes a plate-like covering member which covers the opening cross-section of the container or of the standard trolley, wherein the covering member has vertically arranged cooling elements on the lower face thereof, which cooling elements, when the cooling device is attached and lowered, are immersed in the density of the food and a cooling medium circulates through the cooling elements, which cooling medium extracts the stored heat from the food. A stripping plate designed as a perforated sheet or as a perforated plate is provided on the lower face of the covering member, which stripping plate removes remaining food from the cooling elements during withdrawal of the cooling device.

Abstract: A cooler box for an agricultural harvester includes: a frame including an opening; a screen held in the opening and including a plurality of screen apertures defining a screen aperture size; a cooling fan configured to produce an airstream that flows through a front of the screen; a wand assembly including a wand associated with the screen and a blower coupled to the wand, the wand assembly being configured to vacuum accumulated debris from the screen; and a debris guard covering the front of the screen and including a plurality of guard openings defining a guard opening size that is greater than the screen aperture size.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning HVAC cooling coils comprises a supply and collection assembly having a housing defining an interior space for containing a quantity of cleaning solution. A pump has a pump inlet positioned to be in fluid communication with the cleaning solution and is operative to deliver the cleaning solution to a supply outlet of the supply and collection assembly. A vacuum source has a vacuum inlet positioned to be in fluid communication with an ullage space above the quantity of cleaning solution such that the vacuum source creates negative pressure in the ullage space during operation. A collection inlet is in fluid communication with the ullage space such that the cleaning solution is returned to the interior space through the collection inlet during operation of the vacuum source. A nozzle device is in fluid communication with the supply outlet via outlet piping so as to deliver the cleaning solution to a surface of an HVAC coil unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for safe on-line pigging decoking of a coker furnace tubes and which also permits on-line spalling operations.

Abstract: A method for preventing fouling of an operating heat exchanger is disclosed. A carrier liquid is provided to the heat exchanger. The carrier liquid contains a potential fouling agent. The potential fouling agent is entrained in the carrier liquid, dissolved in the carrier liquid, or a combination thereof. The potential fouling agent fouls the heat exchanger by condensation, crystallization, solidification, desublimation, reaction, deposition, or combinations thereof. A gas-injection device is provided on the inlet of the heat exchanger. A non-reactive gas is injected into the carrier liquid through the gas-injection device. The non-reactive gas will not foul the heat exchanger surface and will not condense into the carrier liquid. The non-reactive gas creates a disturbance by increasing flow velocity and creating a shear discontinuity, thereby breaking up crystallization and nucleation sites on the surface of the heat exchanger. In this manner, fouling of the operating heat exchanger is prevented.

Abstract: A quench-cooling system has a primary quench cooler as a double-tube heat exchanger, a tube bundle heat exchanger as a secondary quench cooler. A tube bundle is enclosed by a casing, forming a casing room, which is formed between tube sheets arranged at spaced locations. Bundle tubes are held with the tube sheets. Parallel cooling channels, connected with one another, have a rectangular tunnel geometry formed (i) from the thin tube sheet, separating a gas side from a water/steam side and connected to a ring flange, which is connected to the casing of the enclosed tube bundle; (ii) from parallel webs, arranged on the tube sheet, separating individual water/steam flows from one another; and (iii) from a covering sheet, provided with openings for bundle tubes and defining the flow in the tunnel arrangement of the cooling channels.

Abstract: An input plenum is disclosed for mounting to an air conditioning/heating unit. The input plenum comprises an air filter track for introducing and removing the air filter. A grid array track is located within the input plenum. The grid array track enables a grid array and an electronic generator to be added to the plenum to upgrade the plenum into an air purification system. An improved one-piece grid may be incorporated into the grid array for generating an electric field in the air purification system.

Abstract: An improved ceiling mounted air treatment system is disclosed for installation upon a ceiling grid system having a plurality of ceiling panels within a room. The improved ceiling mounted air treatment system comprises a ceiling plenum defining a plurality of side walls, a top wall and a bottom wall. The plurality of side walls are dimensioned for replacing a ceiling panel of the ceiling grid system. An air input and an air output are defined in the bottom wall. A grid array is disposed within the plenum and located between the air input and the air output. An electronic generator is connected to the grid array for treating the flow of air through the grid array. A fan is interposed between the air input and the air output for establishing the flow of air from the room into the air input to exit from the air output into the room.

Abstract: A method and a system for monitoring an abnormality at an air outlet of a dehumidifier. The method comprises: identifying whether there is a blockage abnormality at the air outlet of the dehumidifier; after a blockage abnormality has been identified, starting a high wind-level operation of the dehumidifier or controlling air deflectors of the dehumidifier to be reset; after the high wind-level operation has run for a set time period or after the air deflectors are reset, identifying whether the blockage abnormality has been eliminated; and after it has been identified that the blockage abnormality has not been eliminated, controlling the dehumidifier to stop running, and sending out a fault cue. The method and system disclosed can avoid influences on the operation, service life and reliability of the dehumidifier due to a long-term blockage at the air outlet of the dehumidifier.

Abstract: Systems and methods for safe on-line pigging decoking of a coker furnace tubes and which also permits on-line spalling operations.

Abstract: Modular cooling apparatuses are disclosed. In one embodiment, a cooling apparatus includes an inlet manifold, a jet plate manifold, a plurality of jet plates, a vapor manifold, and a target layer. The inlet manifold includes a fluid distribution chamber, and a plurality of fluid distribution channels symmetrically located within the fluid distribution chamber. The jet plate manifold is coupled to the inlet manifold such that the plurality of jet plate openings is vertically aligned with respect to the plurality of fluid distribution channels. The plurality of jet plates is removably disposed in the jet plate manifold. The vapor manifold has a plurality of walls that define a vapor manifold opening and at least one outlet channel through at least one of the walls. The target layer is coupled to the vapor manifold such that the jet orifice surface of each jet plate is positioned above the target layer.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a refrigeration system having an operating point, comprising: a memory configured to store a relationship of at least an evaporator efficiency, an evaporator heat load, a refrigerant amount in the evaporator, and a variable dependent on a non-volatile liquid mixed with refrigerant in the evaporator an input port configured to receive a signal corresponding to at least a measured evaporator heat load during operation; an output port configured to present an output to selectively alter an operating point of the evaporator, by altering the refrigerant amount in the evaporator and thereby changing the variable; and a processor, configured to receive the signal, access the memory; and generate the output to selectively move toward an optimum operating point. A corresponding method and refrigeration system are provided.

Abstract: A gasification reactor with a heat exchange unit having a gas flow channel and one or more heat exchangers arranged within the gas flow channel, the heat exchangers having one or more heat exchange surfaces and one or more associated structures, such as a support structure or deflector plates. The associated structures are provided with fouling protection devices, such as blasters or flow guiding surfaces.

Abstract: A line set saver (12) has a swab (60) with a wiper (66) for cleaning refrigeration suction and discharge lines. A gas injection port (34) and a line injection port (38) extend through the line set saver (12) to an injector (16) located on a forward end (30). A threaded hole (32) is provided on a rearward end of the gas injection port (34). The line injection port (38) extends from a first side (54) of the line set saver (12) to the gas injection port (34), and a line (42) extends from the first side (54), through the line injection port (38) and from the injector (16). A terminal end of the line (42) is secured to the swab (60). A reel (44) is pivotally mounted to the first side (54) of the line set saver (12) for spooling the line (42) relative to the line injection port (38).

Abstract: A chemical reactor including: a plurality of heat exchange plates which between them define reaction compartments, in which reactor each heat exchange plate includes two walls between them defining at least one heat exchange space, the respective walls being fixed together by joining regions, and the reactor also comprises at least one injection device for injecting substance into the reaction compartments, said substance-injection device passing through the heat-exchange plates in respective joining regions thereof. Also, a chemical reaction process that can be carried out in this reactor.

Abstract: A tube bundle heat exchanger includes tubes channeling a gas flow and a pressure shell enclosing the tubes channeling a coolant flow. First and second nozzles are disposed at a rear end of the pressure shell and third and fourth nozzles are disposed at a front end of the pressure shell. A feed pipe includes a first three-way valve and a drain pipe includes a second three-way valve. A first bypass pipe is connected to the first three-way valve and the third nozzle, a second bypass pipe is connected to the first three-way valve and the first nozzle, a third bypass pipe is connected to the second three-way valve and the second nozzle, and a fourth bypass pipe is connected to the second three-way valve and the fourth nozzle. One of the three-way valves is controllable.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is cleaned, inspected and/or plugged while the heat exchanger is in operation. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger includes a channel cover having valve-seal assemblies allowing isolation tools to be inserted through the channel cover into sealing engagement with the ends of tubes to provide a flow path separate from the normal flow paths through the heat exchanger. Cleaning and/or inspecting can be done through the isolation tools and tubes that are leaking can be plugged through the valve-seal assemblies. In some embodiments, brushes are located inside the heat exchanger and can be independently advanced into cleaning relation with a large majority of the tubes.

Abstract: A device for evacuating and filling a vehicle cooling system includes a housing having an interior chamber. A service port extends into the housing and connectable with the vehicle cooling system, a supply port extends into the housing and connectable with a source of coolant fluid, and an evacuation port extends into the housing. A valve is disposed at least partially within the housing chamber and is adjustable between a first configuration in which the service port is fluidly coupled with the evacuation port and a second configuration in which the service port is fluidly coupled with the supply port.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus comprising a first fluid delivery system configured to eject a first fluid through a first nozzle toward a surface to be cleaned; a second fluid delivery system configures to eject a second fluid through a second nozzle toward the surface to be cleaned, wherein the second fluid comprises a compressed gas at a pressure greater than 345 kilopascals (50 pounds per square inch); a housing configured to partially surround and mount the first and second nozzles; a connector configured to couple the first fluid delivery system to a first fluid source; and a connector configured to couple the second fluid delivery system to a second fluid source.

Abstract: A method for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger, wherein compressed air and water are used for cleaning and the compressed air is supplied to a jet nozzle (1), which has a section (7) converging to a constriction (6) and a subsequent diverging section (8), and the water or another liquid substance is fed into the flow of compressed air preferably upstream of the jet nozzle (1), or in a different embodiment upstream of, in or downstream of the constriction (6) in the jet nozzle. The jet nozzle (1) is directed at the cavity in a finned heat exchanger formed by the fins. The jet penetrates the cavity between adjacent fins for the purpose of cleaning the fin surfaces.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a cleaning system for cleaning tubing used for conducting a fluid therethrough, the tubing being connected between an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the cleaning system including: a receptacle; an apertured partition disposed within the receptacle and dividing the receptacle into a first compartment and a second compartment, at least one cleaning element disposed in the receptacle second compartment, wherein apertures of the apertured partition having a size allowing the fluid, but not the cleaning element to pass through the apertured partition; a fluid supply conduit connected to the receptacle first compartment for establishing fluid communication between the inlet pipe and the receptacle first compartment; a cleaning element supply conduit with a directional valve arranged therein, the cleaning element supply conduit being connected to the receptacle second compartment for establishing fluid communication between the receptacle second compartment

Abstract: A heat dissipating device includes a chamber with an evaporation portion and a condensation portion, the chamber including a refrigerant. The chamber further includes an evaporation portion scraping brush provided corresponding to the evaporation portion, the evaporation portion scraping brush being able to sweep relative to an inner surface of the evaporation portion. A refrigerant liquid film is formed on the inner surface of the evaporation portion. Since the fluid refrigerant is uniformly applied to an inner surface of the evaporation portion to form a liquid film, the heat dissipating ability of the heat pipe heat dissipating device is improved, and the heat dissipating uniformity of the heat pipe heat dissipating device is enhanced. A heat dissipating method is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manipulating a tool within the secondary side of a steam generator having a tube sheet with a tube bundle having a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending from the tube sheet in rows with an annulus extending around the heat exchange tubes on a periphery of the tube bundle, between the tubes and a wrapper which surrounds the tube bundle. A robot is introduced into the annulus and extends a probe with a tool across selected lanes between the rows of tubes. A method and apparatus is also disclosed for cleaning sludge from the top of a tube sheet that includes introducing a moveable suction apparatus having attached vacuum inlets into either the no tube lane or the circumferential annulus and sludge vacuuming the top of the tube sheet.

Abstract: A handheld lance for high pressure jetting of tubes of a heat exchanger core comprises a fluid conduit defining an internal plenum chamber having at least one nozzle for emitting a jet of fluid for cleaning the outer surfaces of the tubes of the core and a coupling for connecting the plenum chamber to a high pressure fluid supply line. The or each conduit has an outer diameter sufficiently small to fit between all the tubes of the core and at least one elongate stabilizer bar is mounted on the coupling and positioned to one side of the or each conduit with the axis of the bar lying in the same plane as the adjacent conduit. The bar is sufficiently thin to fit between the tubes of the heat exchanger core and is sufficiently rigid to prevent lateral displacement of the adjacent conduit.

Abstract: A portable self-contained cooling coil cleaning system includes a cart with a first shelf and a second shelf and at least four rolling elements supporting the cart. A self-contained electrical power unit powers a pump.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disassemblable and washable primary surface heat exchanger, and more particularly, to a disassemblable and washable primary surface heat exchanger which includes a plurality of heat exchange cells disassemblably mounted inside an openable housing and having primary surface plates to thereby be easily maintained and repaired and to provide economic feasibility and thermal efficiency. Disclosed therein is a disassemblable and washable primary surface heat exchanger including: heat exchange cells, each of which includes: a first heat exchange plate; a second heat exchange; and supporting means; and a housing.

Abstract: A cleaning system is disclosed for use with a heat exchanger. The cleaning system may have a nozzle configured to discharge a flow of fluid, and an actuator operatively attachable to a side of the heat exchanger and configured to move the nozzle across a face of the heat exchanger. The cleaning system may also have a control panel mounted remotely from the actuator and connected to the actuator and to the nozzle. The control panel may be configured to receive operator input indicative of desired movement of the nozzle, and to selectively energize the actuator based on the operator input.

Abstract: A method of cleaning sludge from the top of tube sheet (34?) of a nuclear steam generator (10) includes introducing a moveable suction apparatus (120) having attached vacuum inlets (148), said moveable suction apparatus introduced through handholes (62) in the side of the generator and into either the no tube lane (60) or the circumferential annulus, and sludge vacuuming the top of the tube sheet (34?).

Abstract: A system includes a cooling system and a cleaning system. The cooling system has a first pump, a heat exchanger, a liquid flow path through the first pump and the heat exchanger, a first cooling fan, and an airflow path through the first cooling fan and along an exterior surface of the heat exchanger. The cleaning system has at least one fluid outlet that may direct a fluid jet against the exterior surface of the heat exchanger to clean the exterior surface during operation of the cooling system.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes embodiments of a detection device for a cleaning system used in heat exchange systems which comprise a plurality of tubes. The detection device comprises a mounting plate defining a plurality of perforations and a plurality of sensors. Each sensor is being coupled to at least one perforation. In many embodiments of this disclosure, each of the plurality of tubes is operable with a corresponding one of the sensors and during a cleaning process where cleaning balls passage through the plurality of tubes, the cleaning balls are detected by a corresponding one of the sensors.

Abstract: A method of reducing magnetite formation in the bore of a pipe including the steps of selecting a pipe with a pre-existing oxide layer on its inner bore surface and coating the pre-existing oxide layer with an oxidation resistant metal to thereby reduce magnetite formation in the bore of the pipe.

Abstract: A system for descaling a heat exchanger utilized in a produced water system of a steam-based thermal hydrocarbon recovery operation is provided. The system comprises a heat exchanger for acting on a produced water; a steam separator in fluid communication with a steam generator for separating steam of a steam quality suitable for injection into a hydrocarbon reservoir and blowdown of a lower steam quality, the blowdown being caustic; and a blowdown loop in fluid communication with the steam separator for collecting the caustic blowdown, the blowdown loop also in fluid communication with the heat exchanger for directing the caustic blowdown through the heat exchanger for descaling the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method includes detecting a presence of a fouling layer in an exhaust gas recirculation cooler of an internal combustion engine. The flow of a coolant through the exhaust gas recirculation cooler is stopped for a predetermined period of time while the engine exhaust gas flows through the exhaust gas recirculation cooler. The flow of an engine exhaust gas exiting from the exhaust gas recirculation cooler is diverted to at least one of a turbine of a turbocharger, and an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine. The fouling layer from the exhaust gas recirculation cooler is expelled along with the engine exhaust gas exiting the exhaust gas recirculation cooler.

Abstract: Solar energy generates steam in a “once-through” configuration without recirculation, with closely managed steam quality, to produce wet steam from high-contaminant feed water without scaling or fouling. Feed water is pressurized, preheated, and evaporated in a series of pipes exposed to concentrated solar energy to produce a water-steam mixture for direct distribution to an industrial process such as enhanced oil recovery or desalination. Water flow rates are managed based on measurements of solar energy and steam production to manage variations in the solar energy. Steam generator piping system uses continuous receiver pipe that is illuminated by segmented parabolic mirrors enabled to track the sun. Provisions for steam generator piping recurring maintenance are provided. Thermal energy from hot condensate and/or from low quality steam is recaptured and warms inlet water.

Abstract: Solar energy generates steam in a “once-through” configuration without recirculation, with closely managed steam quality, to produce wet steam from high-contaminant feed water without scaling or fouling. Feed water is pressurized, preheated, and evaporated in a series of pipes exposed to concentrated soar energy to produce a water-steam mixture for direct distribution to an industrial process such as enhanced oil recovery or desalination. Water flow rates are managed based on measurements of solar energy and steam production to manage variations in the solar energy. Steam generator piping system uses continuous receiver pipe that is illuminated by segmented parabolic mirrors enabled to track the sun. Provisions for steam generator piping recurring maintenance are provided. Thermal energy from hot condensate and/or from low quality steam is recaptured and warms inlet water.

Abstract: A water heater in which by applying pulsation of a liquid to be heated which circulates between a tank and a heat exchanger, scale that has been deposited on the inner wall (heat-transfer surface) of a to-be-heated liquid flow channel in a heat exchanger is detached, and the number of times of circulation of the liquid to be heated which circulates between the tank and the heat exchanger is controlled to be three times or less. The number of times of circulation is determined, based on the entire volume of the to-be-heated liquid stored in the tank, a boiling time to be taken for the entire volume of the to-be-heated liquid in the tank to reach a predetermined temperature, and the flow rate of the to-be-heated liquid which passes through the to-be-heated liquid flow channel.