Abstract: A knife assembly includes a unique finned point with angled soil-engaging surfaces defining several fracture areas and preventing slabbing to avoid excessive soil disturbance and knife wear. The knife has an extended length between the point and upper mounting brackets to facilitate operation of the point over a substantial range of depths, and the mounting brackets operate above ground level even at maximum point depth operation.

Abstract: A ground scraper designed to be pulled by a tractor or the like includes a pair of parallel frame rails with a scraper blade between them and perpendicular to them. The scraper blade can lowered to a preferred depth of scraping and can be raised above the bottom of the frame for towing. Dual-wheeled trucks on the rear of the frame can be raised off the ground to allow the frame to contact the ground for scraping and can be lowered into contact with the ground, also raising the frame off the ground, for towing on roads or the like. The rear of a tongue can be raised relative to the front of the tongue to pick up the front of the ground scraper frame for transporting the ground scraper and then the rear of the tongue can be lowered relative to the front of the tongue, allowing the frame to contact the ground. The exact angle of the tongue can float up and down in order to allow towing on uneven terrain.

Abstract: A sod cutting apparatus which includes a generally flat slide member having an upturned frontal portion and multiple slots extending in parallel, spaced relationship from front to rear, hinge arms pivoted to upward standing fulcrums secured to the slide member, the hinge arms and fulcrums provided in alignment with the slots, respectively, and round blades rotatably secured to the free ends of the hinge arms and projecting through the slots, respectively, with an adjusting mechanism secured to each hinge arm and provided with a core spring for adjusting downwardly-applied tension on the blades. In a preferred embodiment, a spring-biased plow attachment is mounted to the slide member rearwardly of the blades to aid in cutting and breaking up of the sod.

Abstract: A chisel plow including a landside attached rearwardly of the chisel shovels. The landside is disposed to extend generally fore-and-aft and is disposed laterally outward to one of the lateral edges of the chisel shovel. As the chisel plow travels forwardly through the soil, each chisel shovel forms a fore-and-aft furrow defined by opposing furrow walls cut by the lateral edges of the chisel shovel. The landside bears against one of the furrow walls to counteract forces which tend toward an overcutting or undercutting condition. Structure is provided to allow the selective mounting of the landside to be disposed laterally outward to either of the lateral edges of the chisel shovel to control overcutting or undercutting. This results in improved functional performance of the entire chisel plow implement by allowing it to maintain its proper width of cut.

Abstract: A sod cutting apparatus which includes a generally flat slide member having an upturned frontal portion and multiple slots extending in parallel, spaced relationship from front to rear, hinge arms pivoted to upward standing fulcrums secured to the slide member, the hinge arms and fulcrums in alignment with the slots, respectively, and round blades rotatably secured to the free ends of the hinge arms and projecting through the slots, respectively, with an adjusting mechanism secured to each hinge arm and provided with springs extending to the slide member for adjusting the tension on the blades. In a preferred embodiment, a plow attachment is mounted to the slide member rearwardly of the blades to aid in cutting and breaking up of the sod.

Abstract: Seed drill (FIG. 2) having share disks 10, and press wheels 27 which determine the depth of penetration of the disks. Runners 13 and disposed on the outer sides of the disks for enabling the soil particles or cohering pieces of soil lifted by the disks to fall back unturned into the seed furrows produced by the disks.

Abstract: A light weight trail groomer is supported at its rear end on each side by a pair of longitudinally aligned skis connected to respective arms of a bracket pivotally mounted on a main frame element. The frame structure is arranged for connection at its forward end to a towing vehicle and includes a scraper blade structure the height of which can be adjusted by independent adjuster means connected between an auxiliary frame structure and each one of the main frame elements.

Abstract: A structural orientation and protective apparatus is disclosed that is particularly useful in a tillage assembly for sod seeding purposes. The apparatus includes a pair of skids each of which is adjacent to a cutter wheel mounted on the tillage assembly for cutting a furrow in ground to be seeded, each skid including a ground engaging portion to determine the maximum depth of furrow cut by the cutter wheel. Each skid is mounted for pivotal motion about a horizontal axis at the forward end, with the forward end being inclined upwardly from the ground engaging portion. A vertical mounting plate on each skid has a bracket mounted therebetween at the rear portion to receive a vertical adjustment rod, one portion of which is connected to the frame of the apparatus for controlling the selected depth of furrow to be cut. A seed tube boot is fastened to the rear portion of the skid so that regardless of the selected depth of furrow cut, the tube remains in the same position relative to the ground.

Abstract: A reversible plow comprising a regulating frame, a plow body attached to the regulating frame, a reversing rod rotatably attached to the regulating frame and connected to the plow body, and a fixing member supported by said regulating frame. The reversible plow further comprises a fixing plate provided on the regulating frame, an engaging plate capable of engaging with said fixing plate rotatably supported by the regulating frame, and a handle provided on said engaging plate.

Abstract: Device for covering drainage tubing with fine textured soil granules comprises main framework with pair of tillers connected thereto by adjustable connection which varies elevation of tillers relative to main framework. Each tiller includes vertically oriented shaft journaled to secondary frame, and tines extend outwardly from each shaft. Motivators are connected to rotate each shaft so that tines penetrate side walls of trench in which drainage tubing has been positioned to thereby break away fine textured soil granules and shower them over drainage tubing.