Abstract: The hydraulic jackhammer is provided with a rotor turbine which is driven by a liquid stream in order to activate the tup for driving against a jumper rod. After passing by the turbine rotor, the liquid stream is mixed with air and passed through a nozzle into a guide channel under pressure in order to cool the casing. Some of the liquid-air mixture is passed through the hollow jumper rod for spraying onto a jumper bit and sprayed onto the rock being drilled.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with pneumatic percussion drilling equipment with advantageous manufacturing simplicity and effective piston area to casing size consisting essentially of an elongate hollow casing housing a piston assembly and having a backhead at one end with a compressed fluid inlet, a bit assembly with a compressed fluid exhaust at the other end, and the backhead including a seal for a backhead end of the piston reciprocatable within the casing, the piston having axial bores extending inwardly from each end, inclined passages extending away from the inner ends of the axial bores to open through the wall of the piston at positions axially displaced from each other and towards opposite ends of the piston from their respective axial bores, and the casing walls having axially spaced apart recesses, the backhead seal, casing recesses and opening through the wall of the piston being such as to allow fluid under pressure introduced axially into the casing through the backhead, to reciprocate and to mai

Abstract: A sliding-weight operated hole boring tool can be used to make holes of various length or depth in varied soil conditions. A uniquely-shaped tool bit helps to form a smooth, clean hole. In preferred embodiments, detachable elongated stems are used to vary the length of the tool, and water is used to aid boring in hard soil.

Abstract: A hydraulic hammer is provided, suitable for use as a crust-breaker of aluminum electrolysis pots, having a hydraulically actuated beating mass reciprocally movable in a cylindr to strike against a tool, an intake duct with a filter and a one way valve for conveying external air into a top chamber defined by the rear face of the beating mass, the inner surface of the cylinder and the upper base of the cylinder during the downward stroke of the beating mass, a connection duct with a one way valve for conveying the filtered air contained in the top chamber into a bottom chamber defined by the front face of the beating mass, the inner surface of the cylinder and the rear face of the tool during the upwards movement of the beating mass, so that an over pressure is created in the bottom chamber to exclude dust, etc., from entering through the clearance between the tool and the guide bushing.

Abstract: A holder for a plurality of scalers including a rectangular tube 2 forming the main body portion and including coaxial bores in opposite walls 8,10 to secure the scalers 14 and permit easy removal and axial adjustment of individual tools.

Abstract: A novel fluid powered rotary percussion drill is disclosed having a small, efficient, fluid energy to impulsive mechanical energy conversion motor and a unique bit arrangement wherein individual independently acting formation disintegration inserts are periodically actuated by the motor at a comparatively high cycle frequency to drill earthen boreholes. Bit drilling structure is renewable by replacing individual inserts and better borehole diameter and bit cutting ability is maintained by rotational gage row inserts. Bottom borehole sensing structure determines drill operational mode.

Abstract: A percussion drill comprises a drill bit and a reciprocable hammer piston for imparting blows to the bit. Pressurized air is supplied to the piston for reciprocating the piston. Some of the air is by-passed to an exhaust passage and is exhausted ahead of the bit for removing cuttings. An indexable choke valve is disposed in the exhaust passage for regulating the amount of air which is exhausted. The choke valve comprises a portion of a valve carrier which carries a check valve at its rear end. The valve carrier is rotatable to produce an indexing of the choke valve. The valve carrier is insertable in a front-to-rear direction into a central opening of a rear sub and is secured to the rear sub by a pin which also holds the choke valve in selected positions of adjustment.

Abstract: A pneumatic percussion hammer casing (10), a top sub (23) connected to the outer tube of a double tube drill stem, an air feed pipe (19) extending from the top sub (23) co-axially into the casing and co-axially about an air outflow pipe (21) connected at its upper end to the inner drill stem tube, its lower end slidable in an air passage (38) through bit (31) the shank of which (32) is slidable in a driver sub (33) at the lower casing end and topped by an anvil (35), a passage (43) having ducts (39,44) extending to the exterior of the bit (31). A tubular piston (27), slidable in the casing (10) co-axially about the air outflow pipe (21) engages, when brought down onto the anvil (35), tube (37) rising from passage (38) through the bit, shank and anvil. Annular chambers (11, 12, 13) are formed within the casing (10) and the axial passage of the piston is divided into upper and lower passages (29,30).

Abstract: A percussion tool usable as part of a single tool impact device or a multi-tool impact device. In each case, the tool is rotatably driven by a high-torque rotary actuator with the tool being longitudinally splined and received within a correspondingly longitudinally splined hollow drive shaft of the actuator. The tool extends fully through the drive shaft to a rearward end thereof at which is positioned a percussion hammer to provide reciprocating endwise impact to the tool. The tool is held within the drive shaft by a splined lock member which can be rotated between a release position with its splines aligned with the drive shaft splines, and a locked position with its splines misaligned with the drive shaft splines. The device is mountable on a mobile vehicle having an articulated arm.

Abstract: A fluid impact tool is disclosed of the type commonly known as a down-the-hole drill for drilling of rock. The improvement herein described increases deep hole drill performance by providing a means for accumulating piston return air in a traveling air pocket found on the piston. This effectively increases the piston front end volume so as to decrease the effect of the front end air cushion and thereby increase impact. This is particularly effective during operation with increased back pressure such as found in deep holes.

Abstract: An improved fluid actuated rock drill hammer as shown having a cylinder housing, a reciprocal piston, and a centralized air distributing control tube axially extending through a central bore in the piston for controlling the operation of the piston. The control tube is mounted for assured concentricity of the tube within the piston bore and comprises a unitary mounting portion and tubular portion. The mounting portion includes a piloting section for concentric fit within the cylinder as received on a shoulder therein and the tubular portion extends concentric and perpendicular to the piloted section.

Abstract: A top head drive assembly includes a tubular quill having a central passageway aligned with an axis. The quill is supported for rotation on a load beam included in the top head drive assembly such that the quill is movable along the axis through a range of travel sufficient to provide thread protection to the down hole tubulars during tubular handling operations. Splines drivingly connect the quill with a transmission such that the transmission is operative to rotate the quill throughout the range of travel of the quill along the axis. A blowout preventer valve is mounted in an upper part of the quill to move axially and rotationally with the quill in order to eliminate sliding or rotary seals between the blowout preventer valve and the drill string.

Abstract: A valveless down-the-hole hammer drill is actuated by fluid such as compressed air. The drill includes a piston disposed within a chamber defined within an outer wear sleeve, an air diverter at one end and a suspendably mounted drill bit at the other end, wherein the piston has a slidable contact surface with the chamber towards each end of the piston, such that the piston is slidably reciprocable within the chamber. Porting and exhaust arrangements alternately supply and exhaust live pressure fluid to either end surface of the piston to reciprocate it and cause it to repeatedly strike the drill bit. An intermediate compression chamber is defined between the two sliding contact surfaces of the piston between the piston and the outer wear sleeve. Air trapped in the intermediate chamber is compressed so as to apply a retarding force on the piston towards the end of the return stroke, and to provide additional impetus to the piston on the commencement of the drive stroke.

Abstract: An air-pressure impact type drilling method and an apparatus for the same in which a piston of an air hammer drill is moved up and down by pressure air to produce impact energy and the impact energy of the piston is used to give impact vibrations repetitively to a drill bit. In the air-pressure impact type drilling method and the apparatus for the same, the air hammer drill is operated by the pressure air to be supplied from the ground, the air that has already been used for operation of the air hammer drill is exhausted onto the ground through an air exhaust pipe provided in a drilling pipe and communicating with an air exhaust passage formed in the air hammer drill, and substances cut out by the air hammer drill together with muddy water within the trench are discharged by means of a reverse circulation system while drilling on through the earth.

Abstract: A valveless pneumatic hammer comprising a backhead assembly at one end of a hollow casing and a bit assembly at the other end of the casing, a rod extending into the casing and having a passage out to atmosphere at the other end of the assembly, a chamber divider in the backhead end of the casing having a control rod projecting into the casing, a piston having a large bore in one end and a smaller bore end and the larger bore end being adapted to cooperate with the chamber divider end for the sealing of the larger bore, the piston reciprocating between a first position with the smaller bore end against the bit assembly, and a second position with the piston displaced towards the backhead assembly, a first chamber with the piston in the first position, a second chamber with the piston in the second position, first and second fluid supply paths through the backhead assembly, between chamber divider walls and the casing wall, first and second fluid exhaust paths from the first and second chambers, respectively o

Abstract: The annular air-hammer apparatus for drilling holes comprises a shell hav fitted co-axially therein a chips-receiving sleeve, a hollow cylindrical case, and a ring-shaped hammer capable of reciprocating back and forth. The lower part of the shell accommodates a rock-cutting tool capable of moving axially with at least one blow-off passage formed by at least a single longitudinal groove made on the outer cylindrical surface of the rock-cutting tool. With the rock-cutting tool in its uppermost position, the blow-off passage communicates with an outlet space provided between the shell and the case.

Abstract: An annular air-hammer apparatus for drilling holes incorporates a hollow cylindrical case with a stepped bore which has inlet and outlet ports. A rock-cutting tool with an axial opening is fitted to the case at the forward end thereof. A chips-receiving sleeve and a stepped ring-shaped hammer are located inside the case, whereby the hammer forms a working-stroke chamber with the case and an idle-stroke chamber with the case, the rock-cutting tool and the chips-receiving sleeve. The chips-receiving sleeve has a cylindrical protuberance at its upper end which interacts with the hammer when this is in its topmost position. A channel is provided in the idle-stroke chamber at that side thereof which faces the upper end face of the hammer.

Abstract: A percussion drilling tool assembly is provided which operates under fluid pressure to reciproce a hammer, the hammer is disposed in a barrel assembly and operates to strike an anvil bit shank to cause the bit to thereby penetrate a rock substrate material. A central fluid passage through the drill stem of the assembly and through the reciprocating hammer allows a flushing fluid to be used with the drilling assembly to flush cuttings from the hole up and around the drill stem simultaneously with and separate from the fluid operating system for reciprocating the hammer. The drill stem includes intake and exhaust passages for pressured working fluid as well as a mud passage for the flushing fluid or mud, the drill stem is made up in sections connected to form a string which extends the length of the hole and provide the pressured working fluid and mud to the pneumatic tool connected at the end of the drill stem.

Abstract: A hydraulic multistage turbine each stage of which comprises a stator and a rotor having rings with flow channels and hubs carrying the bladings. There are stages wherein the blades of the bladings are made with an angle of curvature of the camber line greater than an angle formed by the tangent to this line at the exit of the blading and the axis of drilling fluid flow. In a stage wherein the ring has such blades it is provided with by-pass channels arranged hydraulically parallel to the flow channel of the ring and communicating the space between this ring and an upstream ring with a space between this ring and a downstream ring for discharging part of the drilling fluid from the flow channel.

Abstract: A pneumatic percussion machine has chambers at its ends with air inlet and exhaust passages thereto, controlled by a piston reciprocable between the chambers, an air supply passage from an axially adjacent end chamber to a third chamber being opened only after the air supply to the other end chamber is closed off.

Abstract: A fluid operated hammer comprising; a casing; a top sub mounted to one end of the casing; a drill bit mounted to the other end of the casing; a feed tube located concentrically within the casing and extending for a portion of the length of the casing from said one end; and a piston slidably mounted in the casing for longitudinal movement between the top sub and drill bit over the feed tube; the feed tube being formed with at least one elongate aperture wherein the longitudinal dimensions of the at least one aperture correspond to a significant proportion of the degree of reciprocation of the piston; a first passageway provided in the piston and extending between the central bore and the external face thereof to provide a communication between the at least one aperture and the space between the piston and the top sub when the piston is at or near the top sub and for a significant proportion of the degree of movement of the piston from the top sub to a drive the piston towards the other end of the casing; a reb

Abstract: An underwater hydraulic tool has a hydraulic motor with an inlet port and an outlet port for receiving and discharging water under pressure and a rotating shaft rotated by water under pressure with the front end protruding from said motor for holding a working tool. A rear mounting member is attached to a rear part of the hydraulic motor and has openings spaced circumferentially therearound. A front mounting member is attached to a front part of the hydraulic motor and also openings spaced circumferentially therearound. At least portions of the openings in both members are located outwards of the outer circumferential wall of the hydraulic motor.

Abstract: A hollow rotary drilling tool is equipped with a percussion device which comprises a nozzle comprising a cylindrical annular duct followed by a divergent annular duct. The divergent duct opens into flow paths, a central path and a peripheral path, through which drilling mud flows alternately in order to cause reciprocation of a percussion head located in the central path. The peripheral path joins the central path downstream of the percussion head. The external conical surface of the divergent duct is connected to the external cylindrical surface of the cylindrical duct via a radial step, which makes the flow in the peripheral path unstable, so that under normal conditions of flow the drilling mud flows along the central path. Flow along the central path is interrupted by contact of the percussion head with an abutment, which limits its movement in one direction, and which closes the central path, causing flow to switch to the peripheral path.

Abstract: A power transfer pipe, surrounded by an elastomeric, self lubricating seal assembly, transfers rotational power in one direction from a prime mover, at the upper end of the power transfer pipe, to a threadedly secured, hollow, drill pipe at the lower end, the seal assembly directs fluid from the sleeve into the drill pipe. A ratchet assembly at the upper end of the power transfer pipe, facilitates the disengagement of the power transfer pipe from the drill pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in running a string of threaded well pipe or casing in a vertical configuration in a deep well bore which is adapted to convert a top head drive drilling rig for use in running each length of pipe into the well bore. A drive spindle adaptor is provided which may be securely attached in a removably mounted manner to the rotary drive spindle or sub of a top head drive drilling rig. The drive spindle includes a pair of opposing, outwardly extending lugs disposed at a right angle to the axial direction of the spindle and a true centering guide means. A collar is included which is provided with frictional gripping members for removably securing the collar to one end of a length of conventional pipe and a pair of axially extending, spaced ears which cooperate upon engagement with said lugs on said spindle adaptor to transfer rotary motion of said spindle to said length of pipe.

Abstract: A valveless pneumatic hammer comprises a hollow casing having a backhead assembly at one end and a bit assembly at the other, and a piston reciprocable in the casing. There is a chamber divider at the backhead end of the casing which co-operates with the piston for conducting fluid under pressure into alternate chambers, one at each piston end, for reciprocation of the piston. A chamber divider is located within the casing by a locating split ring which holds the chamber divider axially against the backhead assembly. The chamber divider also has a recess in the end thereof nearest the piston which together with a bore in this piston end, comprises the fluid chamber at this end of the casing.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a water-powered toothbrush appliance or the like wherein the water-powered motor for driving the toothbrush is mounted in a hand held housing. A valve for controlling fluid flow to the water-powered motor is mounted in the housing and a valve control portion is rotatably mounted by the housing at an area thereof which generally underlies the thumb of a hand holding the appliance. The valve control portion is rotatable by the user's thumb to actuate the valve. In order to efficiently utilize the space within the housing, while maintaining optimum proportions thereof for convenient handling by the human hand, the valve is mounted within the housing on the side of the motor more distant from the valve control portion and the valve control portion is mechanically connected to the valve by an actuator which is arranged to pass directly through the nutating action motor.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a power toothbrush or the like characterized particularly by the fact that the brush element is driven in an orbital path, as distinguished from a more conventional angularly reciprocating motion. To particular advantage, the power driven brush may be motivated by a water powered nutating action motor mounted in the handle of the unit, although alternative arrangements, including conventional electric motor units, may be used to power the device. In the preferred appliance, an orbital output motion of a nutating drive motor is converted to rotary motion, and this in turn is converted back to an orbital motion in the brush or working element. In other forms of the device, the orbital output of the nutating motor is imparted directly to the working element. The latter arrangement has advantages of greater simplicity, while the former arrangement has advantages of greater compactness.

Abstract: A fluid operated rock drill hammer includes an annular hammer body with the upper end of the hammer body adapted to be connected to a drill string and with a drill chuck mounted at the lower end of the hammer body. A drill bit extends through the drill chuck into the body. A piston is slidably mounted in the hammer body to move axially between the drill bit and the upper end of the hammer body for striking the portion of the drill bit that extends through the drill chuck. The force for moving the piston is provided by a circulating fluid that is transmitted through the drill string into the hammer body. All of the fluid is transmitted between the hammer body and the piston at a single fixed axial position along the length of the hammer body.

Abstract: An impact and rotary rock drilling tool for operation by compressed air fed through a three-part control unit that contains a valve and duct system and is housed in a cage mounted to an outer tube. A central spindle tube is positively connected to the control unit and guides a main ram as well as an intermediate ram that rests on top of a steel drill member for reciprocating movement therewith. An insert portion secured inside the central spindle tube, which latter may comprise a check valve at its lower end, has partitions separating a plurality of passages with ports arranged in the central spindle tube for selected flow connections.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a power toothbrush or the like characterized particularly by the fact that the brush element is driven in an orbital path, as distinguished from a more conventional angularly reciprocating motion. To particular advantage, the power driven brush may be motivated by a water powered nutating action motor mounted in the handle of the unit, although alternative arrangements, including conventional electric motor units, may be used to power the device. In the preferred appliance, an orbital output motion of a nutating drive motor is converted to rotary motion, and this in turn is converted back to an orbital motion in the brush or working element. In other forms of the device, the orbital output of the nutating motor is imparted directly to the working element. The latter arrangement has advantages of greater simplicity, while the former arrangement has advantages of greater compactness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tool which incorporates a device insuring the efficient control of a percussive hammer, regardless of the drilling depth. For this purpose, drive sludge arriving in an annular space reaches an inlet of a fluid switching element of single or double stability in which the flow of fluid alternates between two fluid circuits, causing the hammer to strike and return.

Abstract: A down hole percussion drill having an inner tube located within an outer tube guiding a ram for reciprocating movement relative to a drill steel. The drill steel and/or a wear bit secured thereto as well as retainers for them are provided with matching disharmonic polygonal profiles for sliding fit under load, free of edge pressure and with full power transmission by the lateral faces. The outer tube top end and a piston therein may have like polygonal connection. The inner tube is rigidly attached in the center of the outer tube by a unitary supporting head into which a coaxial control cylinder projects that has a valve seat for a mushroom valve with peripheral notches at its outer edge and further has an inner control tube with a slidable spring-loaded control sleeve for governing pneumatic fluid through suitable flow links.

Abstract: A down-the-hole pneumatic drill in which the reciprocating hammer-piston slides over a ported tubular structure mounted centrally in the cylinder of the drill body and providing two longitudinal passages through which passes all the pressure air required below the piston. The tubular structure comprises an outer tube having a close-fitting inner tube within it, the inner tube being formed in its wall with a longitudinal indentation closed at the lower end, one of the passages being defined by the indentation and the wall of the outer tube and the other passage being defined by the interior of the inner tube. The tubular structure is provided with ports controlled by the sliding hammer-piston, certain of these ports being formed by registering holes in portions of the walls of the inner and outer tubes which lie in contact with one another.

Abstract: A pneumatically operated impact drilling tool for earth drilling, includes a reciprocating hammer, an anvil positioned under the hammer and a feeder tube extending through the hammer. The drilling tool is connected to a string of drilling pipe and high pressure compressed air or other pneumatic fluid is introduced to operate the tool. The feeder tube directs the flow of fluid through ports in the hammer to alternate pressure on opposite sides of the hammer to move the same upward and downward relative to the anvil. An elastomeric check valve is positioned inside the upper end of the feeder tube. The air inlet end of the tube is also provided with air jet passages extending upward and outwardly and having check valves operated in the outflow direction. A flow controlling washer may also be provided at the inlet to the check valve in the feeder tube.

Abstract: A pneumatic percussion rock drilling hammer has a tubular housing for connection to a drill rod through which compressed air is introduced, the shank of a drill bit with an anvil at the top being slidable in the bottom of the housing, a piston being reciprocally slidable in the housing. Enlargements of the internal diameter of the housing define top, central and bottom pressure chambers. Air from the drill rod passes through a feed tube to an upper axial passage in the piston, and on the down-stroke of the piston a lower axial passage therein engages a sliding seal tube leading to an air passage through the bit. Pressure ports in the piston direct air from the piston's upper axial passage to the top pressure chamber when the piston is raised, and to the bottom pressure chamber when the piston is lowered, and exhaust ports in the piston conduct air between its lower axial passage and the central pressure chamber and from the central chamber to the top pressure chamber when the piston is lowered.

Abstract: A fluid actuated impact tool is disclosed of the type commonly known as a down-the-hole drill for drilling of rock. The tool is provided with a reversible casing which serves the dual functions of a casing and cylinder. A partial cylinder sleeve is utilized in conjunction with exhaust rod porting to provide a drill which is simple in construction, has a high energy level of output, and eliminates the need for expensive cross porting or axial porting in the parts most subject to wear; that is, the impact piston and the casing. All of the porting in the casing is accomplished by means of circumferential grooves which are readily machined.

Abstract: In one type of pneumatic percussion drilling tool, the pneumatic motor has an anvil-bit which is slidable in the forward end of the motor casing between a normal working position and an abnormal advanced position when the tool is hanging off bottom and the pneumatic fluid is caused to bypass the hammer-piston and blow continuously through the anvil-bit. In order to prevent tapping or chattering of the hammer-piston at such time, as a result of leakage of the pneumatic fluid into the forward working chamber, this chamber is vented by means of one or more passages formed in the surface of the anvil-bit member which are open while the tool is blowing and which are closed in the normal operating position of the anvil-bit member. Since the passages are only in the surface of the anvil-bit member, the structure eliminates the need for special configurations of parts to provide interconnecting recesses and passages as in certain of the prior art.

Abstract: A machine having a housing wherein are arranged a stepped hammer piston adjoining the front portion of the machine and a stepped plunger adjoining the rear portion of said machine, said hammer piston and plunger being adapted for an axial movement in said housing. The hammer piston and the plunger are separated by resilient means. The pressure fluid fed into the housing provides for reciprocation of the hammer piston and the plunger. The hammer piston reciprocations consist of forward and return strokes. During the forward stroke the hammer piston transmits impacts to the tool. The presence of the hammer piston and the plunger with the resilient member in between increases the power of the hammer piston impacts transmitted to the tool, hence the machine efficiency. The machine may be advantageously used as a hydraulic hammer (quartering hammer) and a hydraulic percussive device for making holes and deep wells in soil.

Abstract: An impact drilling tool for rotary drilling which includes a reciprocating hammer inside a casing for striking the top of an anvil. A drilling bit is connected to the opposite end of the anvil for cutting into the earth's formations. The casing is connected in a string of drilling pipe through which a high pressure fluid flows for operating the hammer and removing cuttings. A feeder means extends through the hammer for alternately directing the high pressure fluid above and below the hammer which high pressure fluid causes the reciprocating motion of the hammer. A shuttle valve located around the feeder maintains communication of the high pressure fluid above the hammer for increased effective stroke to insure a harder driving action of the hammer against the anvil. Also the shuttle valve insures a more complete exhaust above the hammer which reduces the force needed to raise the hammer. In alternative embodiments, the shuttle may control only one of the exhaust or pressurization functions.

Abstract: A down-the-hole hammer of the type adapted for receiving a bit at the lower end and for being connected to the lower end of a drill string through which compressed air is supplied to the hammer. The supply of air to the hammer when the bit at the lower end is resting on the bottom of the hole causes a piston in the hammer to reciprocate and to beat upon the upper end of the bit so that the material at the bottom of a hole is reduced. The piston, by reciprocating in the hammer, accomplishes the valving of the fluid which causes the piston to reciprocate, and when the hammer is lifted from the bottom of the hole and the bit moves downwardly, the piston ceases reciprocation while air blows off through the bit to the bottom thereof to clear debris from the hole being drilled.

Abstract: A fluid operated impact drilling tool has a hammer slidably mounted in a casing connected to a string of drilling pipe. Inside the casing above the hammer is mounted a valve. Both the valve and hammer have reciprocal sliding movement along the longitudinal axis of the tool to substantially interrupt flow of a drilling fluid therethrough. Movement of the valve and hammer predominantly results from different pressures acting on separate pressure areas of the valve and hammer. The hammer may impact either an anvil or a bit attached thereto. Wear on the valve and hammer is reduced by smooth, hardened surfaces at locations subject to wear. A trapped fluid may also be used in an alternative embodiment to dampen the shock effect of the valve as it reaches its upper and lower stops.

Abstract: A fluid operated hammer for rock drills comprising; a cylinder, a drill chuck mounted at one end to receive a drill bit; a drill sub attached to the other end; a tubular fluid feed tube mounted in the drill sub and extending towards the chuck, the longitudinal central axis of the feed tube corresponding to the longitudinal central axis of the cylinder; at least one set of apertures provided in the side wall of the feed tube and spaced from each end; a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder and over the feed tube to move between the drill chuck and drill sub the lower end being adapted for striking a portion of the drill bit extending through the drill chuck; a first passageway in said piston communicating with one end face thereof and opening into the center of the piston at a location spaced along the length of said piston; a second passageway in said piston communicating with the end face of the piston communicating with the end of the piston opposite to that of the first passageway and opening into the ce

Abstract: A well tool comprising: a tubular housing adapted for fluid communicable connection with the lower end of a pipe string; a piston assembly carried by the housing for relative axial movement therein from a first to a second terminal position in response to fluid pressure communicated through the pipe string to a first pressure area on the piston assembly; a valve assembly carried by the housing and movable from a closed position to an opened position, in response to predetermined axial movement of the piston assembly, to permit the pipe string fluid pressure to be communicated to a second pressure area on the piston assembly opposing the first pressure area and forcing the piston assembly to return to its first terminal position; and a working member carried by the housing for movement in response to reciprocal movement of the piston assembly.

Abstract: A rotatable airhammer including an outer housing structure in which a hollow hammer piston is reciprocable to impact against an anvil bit used in drilling a bore hole. The anvil bit has a central passage communicating with inner core sample tubing extending through the piston to the upper end of the housing structure, such tubing housing structure being connectible to a string of concentric dual drill pipe extending to the top of the bore hole. Compressed air is directed alternately to the annular space between the tubing and housing structure above and below the piston to reciprocate the latter for repeated impact action against the anvil bit, air being discharged from the lower portion of the housing structure to clear the bottom of the bore hole of cuttings and direct them into the central passage through the bit, the inner tubing and inner drill pipe portion to the top of the hole.

Abstract: Following is disclosed an improved split-type stop ring having two separable body portions forming an annular composite body with passage means useful with a fluid operated, percussion type drill motor for retaining a drill bit and enabling the by-pass of fluid when the bit is suspended above the bottom of a borehole. Fluid by-pass enables the continued flow of fluid to clean the borehole bottom while stopping the otherwise damaging piston-hammer reciprocation when the bit is suspended above bottom.

Abstract: A fluid operated impact drilling device wherein a hammer is mounted in a casing for axial reciprocating movement and drilling fluid flows through the hammer. The flow of drilling fluid is controlled by a valve element at the upper portion of the hammer. Differential pressure areas are provided in the flow path of the drilling fluid which coupled with the action of the valve element causes the hammer to be repeatedly lifted up into the valve element and then driven downward against an anvil by the force of the drilling mud. The valve element remains partly open, thereby preventing excessive backpressures from damaging the drill pipe or equipment. The drilling device is attached immediately above the drill bit with the drill bit being secured to the anvil. A catcher device is mounted to stop the reciprocating impact action of the hammer against the anvil upon picking the bit up off bottom.

Abstract: A pneumatically operated impact drilling tool for rotary drilling, includes a reciprocating hammer, an anvil positioned under the hammer and a feeder means extending through the hammer. The drilling tool is connected in a string of drilling pipe and high pressure pneumatic fluid flowing through the drilling pipe operates the impact tool. The feeder directs and times the flow of fluid through ports in the hammer to create a first pressure zone to raise the hammer off the anvil, and a second pressure zone above the hammer to drive the hammer down against the anvil to create an impact on the drill bit. Exhaust ports in the hammer exhaust the fluid from the second pressure zone.

Abstract: An air hammer embodying an outer housing structure connectible to a rotatable drill pipe string through which compressed air is conducted. A hammer piston reciprocates in the housing structure along flexible inlet and outlet tubes, compressed air being directed alternately to the upper and lower ends of the piston to effect its reciprocation in the structure, each downward stroke inflicting an impact blow upon the anvil portion of an anvil bit extending upwardly within the lower portion of the housing structure. The piston contacts the housing structure at the upper and lower portions of the piston only, so that the piston can deviate upon flexing of the housing structure under load, and not bind in the housing structure, as permitted by the flexible inlet and outlet tubes.

Abstract: An air hammer embodying an outer housing structure connectable to a rotatable drill pipe string through which compressed air is conducted. A hammer piston reciprocates in the housing structure, compressed air being directed alternately to the upper and lower ends of the piston to effect its reciprocation in the structure, each downward stroke inflicting an impact blow upon the anvil portion of an anvil bit extending upwardly within the lower portion of the housing structure. The compressed air acts against the piston over the full internal cross-sectional area of the housing structure in delivering its impact blow, such compressed air acting downwardly over at least a portion of the piston area during its entire downward stroke, including its latter portion, during which the power or impacting air is being exhausted from the housing structure.