Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming an array of submicron-sized wires in a host body. In the method, the vapor of a metal, such as bismuth, is caused to flow upward through a horizontal refractory plate having many through holes, 200 nanometers or less in diameter, until all foreign material is excluded from the holes and then the plate is cooled from the top side to progressively and simultaneously condense said vapor to form said wires in the holes.

Abstract: A semiconducting composition comprising (i) an olefinic polymer and (ii) about 25 to about 45 percent by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a carbon black having the following properties:(a) a particle size of at least about 29 nanometers;(b) a tint strength of less than about 100 percent;(c) a loss of volatiles at 950 degrees C in a nitrogen atmosphere of less than about 1 weight percent based on the weight of the carbon black;(d) a DBP oil absorption of about 80 to about 300 cubic centimeters per 100 grams;(e) a nitrogen surface adsorption area of about 30 to about 300 square meters per gram or an iodine adsorption number of about 30 to about 300 grams per kilogram;(f) a CTAB surface area of about 30 to about 150 square meters per gram; and(g) a ratio of property (e) to property (f) of greater than about 1.1.

Abstract: A two-part system for electrical stress control includes a non-tacky conformable stress control material that is positioned at the shield cut edge of a prepared power cable and a stress control tube over the non-tacky conformable stress control material. A second region of conformable stress control material is positioned adjacent the cut end of the insulation.

Abstract: A method of altering a portion of the semiconductive layer of an electric power cable, to increase its resistance so as to render it electrically insulative. The semiconductive layer is loaded with carbon powder which forms chains to provide conductive pathways through the layer. By introducing an intercalant into the semiconductive layer, which causes the layer to swell, the conductive pathways are interrupted and the material is rendered insulative (>10.sup.4 .OMEGA.-cm). The intercalant may be a polymerizable material with a curing agent which is cured in situ, i.e., without removing the semiconductive layer from the cable. By this method, flashover to the semiconductive layer at a cable splice or termination may be prevented without requiring tedious removal of the exposed portion of the semiconductive layer. The method is usable with both strippable and coextruded semiconductive layers.

Abstract: Vulcanizable semiconductive shield compositions contain a linear, single-site catalyzed polymer formed by polymerizing ethylene with at least one comonomer selected from C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 alpha-olefins; a carbon black selected from furnace carbon blacks that contain ash and sulfur in amounts of 50 ppm or less and have crystal dimensions L.sub.a and L.sub.c of 30 .ANG. or less, acetylene carbon blacks, and furnace carbon blacks having an ASTM grade of N-351; and a crosslinking agent. The compositions may be used to manufacture semiconductive shields for electrical conductors, such as power cables. The semiconductive shields exhibit improved processability, low water vapor transmission and low shrinkback, without abrading or corroding extrusion equipment.

Abstract: A shielded electric cable having a core including an insulated conductor. A first shielding member formed of an elongated ribbon of insulating material and a pair of elongated metal foil strips arranged in a parallel relationship with the ribbon and bonded to the opposite sides of the ribbon is applied longitudinally to the core and wrapped circumferentially therearound forming two concentric substantially closed shielded layers. A layer of plastic material, preferably foamed, surrounds the first shielding member and a second shielding member surrounds the plastic layer, the second shielding member being formed of non-braided metallic material. The layer of plastic material is bonded to the shielding members. The shielded electric cable is provided with an outer jacket of non-conducting material and having an appropriate O.D. for receiving a standard connector.

Abstract: An electric power cable is provided having concentric neutral wires (CN wires) applied helically over the cable core construction to serve as a metallic ground shield and having a protective polymeric jacket over the CN wires. The cable is characterized in that at least one continuous, elongated water swellable element, such as yarn, filament, strand or strip is provided in contact with the CN wires and is so disposed in relation thereto as to block the passage of water within the cable in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A DC high-voltage wire comprising: a conductor; a resin composition layer coating the conductor, the resin composition layer comprising a polyolefin resin containing carbon black in an amount of not less than 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin, having an insulation resistance of not more than 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..cndot.cm; an insulating layer coating the resin composition layer, the insulation layer comprising polyethylene having a softening temperature of not lower than 105.degree. C.; and a fire retardant protective coating layer coating the insulating layer, the fire retardant protective coating layer comprising (1) a terpolymer of ethylene, vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, and/or a terpolymer of ethylene, methyl methacrylate and vinyl chloride, and (2) a copolymer of chlorinated ethylene and vinyl chloride; the resin composition layer, the insulating layer and the fire retardant protective coating layer each being crosslinked.

Abstract: A shielded electric cable having a core including an insulated conductor. A first shielding member formed of an elongated ribbon of insulating material and a pair of elongated metal foil strips arranged in a parallel relationship with the ribbon and bonded to the opposite sides of the ribbon is applied longitudinally to the core and wrapped circumferentially therearound forming two concentric substantially closed shielded layers. A layer of plastic material, preferably foamed, surrounds the first shielding member and a second shielding member surrounds the plastic layer, the second shielding member being formed of non-braided metallic material. The layer of plastic material is bonded to the shielding members. The shielded electric cable is provided with an outer jacket of non-conducting material and having an appropriate O.D. for receiving a standard connector.

Abstract: A shielded electric cable having a core including an insulated conductor. A first shielding member formed of an elongated ribbon of insulating material and a pair of elongated metal foil strips arranged in a parallel relationship with the ribbon and bonded to the opposite sides of the ribbon is applied longitudinally to the core and wrapped circumferentially therearound forming two concentric substantially closed shielded layers. A layer of foam material surrounds the first shielding member and a second shielding member surrounds the foam layer, the second shielding member being formed of non-braided metallic material. The shielded electric cable is provided with an outer jacket of non-conducting material and having an appropriate O.D. for receiving a standard connector.

Abstract: A cable comprising a core enclosed in an external sheath of a char-forming low-smoke-and-fume composition is characterized by a tape of flexible mineral material, preferably a woven glass-fiber tape, wrapped round the core and by an adhesive bonding the tape to the sheath. Hot-melt adhesives based on ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers with tackifier resins are suitable. By bonding the sheath to the underlying tape, retention of the charred remains of the sheath under fire conditions is considerably improved with consequent improvements in flame retardance, smoke levels and fire survival.

Abstract: In one embodiment of an electrical cable, a high resistivity inner shield surrounds and is insulated from a central conductor within the electrical cable. The inner shield is surrounded by, and optionally insulated from, an outer, highly conductive shield. This approach may be thought of as shielding the interior central conductor from the outside highly conductive metal shield. The inner shield attenuates the effects of fluctuating voltage gradients in the outer shield on the central conductor.This technique of an inner shield shielding an interior electrical conductor may also be employed in cabinets for electronic equipment.

Abstract: There is provided an olefin resin composition for power cables which contains an olefin resin and m-(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)-isopropylbenzene and/or p-(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)-isopropylbenzene. A crosslinking agent of this resin composition is suitably used for at least one of layers including semiconductor layers and an insulation layer in the power cables or around conductors at a joint between the power cables, whereby the high-temperature properties of the power cables can be improved.

Abstract: A static dissipative electrical cable which eliminates the build-up of triboelectric charging by having a carbon loaded outer jacket which is a semiconductor for draining off triboelectric charges. In one embodiment, the jacket material is a 1 megohm/ft semiconductive extrudable Teflon polyfluorinated alkoxy (PFA) resin static-dissipative polymer of low carbon-black loading (3-4% by weight) having very stable electrical/mechanical properties against temperature excursions, thermal/environmental shock and aging. The cable is designed with a double-clad aluminum/mylar foil shield that allows electrical commoning between inner and outer clads of the foil and control of the interface between semi-conductive static-dissipative jacket and the foil shield to yield a jacket-to-ground wire resistance value between 100 kilo-ohms and 50 megohms.

Abstract: A shield wire comprising: a conductor, an insulation layer provided around an outer periphery of the conductor; an electrically-conductive resin layer provided around an outer periphery of the insulation layer; a covering insulation layer formed around an outer periphery of the electrically-conductive resin layer; and shield device for shielding the shield cable from electromagnetic interference, the means formed to electrically contact the electrically-conductive resin layer.

Abstract: A jacketed coaxial cable including two or more metal shielding layers, including semiconductive polymer coated tape layers surrounding the drain wires, insulation, and center conductor thereof, the jacket thereof being semiconductive or alternatively non-conductive.

Abstract: A conductively jacketed coaxial cable which provides continuous electrical contact from a drain wire through a metal-coated tape wrapped shield, a semiconductive adhesive layer applied to the tape on the reverse side from the metal coating, to a semiconductive jacket.

Abstract: A semi-conducting pyrolyzed glass fiber layer equalizes the electrical potential on the exterior surface of an insulated conductor when the layer covers the surface. The layer prohibits the development of a corona discharge and bleeds off any electrical charge developed thereon when the layer is electrically coupled to a body having a known potential. The insulated conductor may be windings in a dynamoelectric machine.

Abstract: A high voltage electrical power cable with a stranded central conductor encircled by insulation, a metal tape, metal strips or metal wires following helical paths outwardly of the insulation and a water swellable material at least between the adjacent edges of the tape, strips or wires. Preferably, the water swellable material is included with a polymeric material which is flowable at a temperature at least as low as 100.degree. C., the polymeric material has a 100 gram needle penetration value in the range from 50-100 tenths of a millimeter at 25.degree. C. and the water swellable material has a particle size not greater than 200 microns.

Abstract: In a single core or multi-core electric power cable, the dielectric screen of the or each cable core is surrounded by a moisture barrier consisting of a composite tape comprising a carrier layer of plastics material which is sandwiched between radially inner and outer metal foils bonded to the major surfaces of the carrier layer and electrically connected together. The composite tape surrounds the dielectric screen with its longitudinally extending edges overlapping and secured to one another throughout their lengths to form a moisture-tight seal. The moisture barrier so formed effects electrical interconnection between the underlying dielectric screen and a surrounding neutral, earth or ground conductor of the core. The moisture barrier is less expensive than moisture barriers hitherto proposed and used.

Abstract: An electric cable with spirally wrapped wires and wire-retaining strips thereon. The cable includes an insulated electrical conductor, an extruded semiconductive insulation shield overlying the insulated electrical conductor, a plurality of strips extruded and fused onto the insulation shield, and a plurality of wires wrapped around the insulation shield and the strips with sufficient tension to partially embed them into the strips to retain them therein and resist slippage. This arrangement also permits the selection of a first material having predetermined properties for the insulation shield and a second material for the strips having different properties from the first material composing the insulation shield. In one embodiment, the material selected for the strips has a higher softening or melting point than the softening or melting point of the material selected for the insulation shield.

Abstract: A cable insulated with a cross-linked polyethylene layer is described, wherein the cross-linked polyethylene is prepared by cross-linking with 2,5-dimethyl-2-5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane or 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne-3 as a cross-linking agent. Even if voltage is applied at high temperatures, the breakdown voltage of the cable can be maintained at a high level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-resistant electric line having a conductor (1) which is surrounded by an insulation (2) over which there is a shielding (3). A ribbon (4) consisting of a glass cloth provided with a metal layer on one side is wound in overlapping manner over the shielding (3). The metal layer is on the outside in the line. The width (B) of the overlap is between 7% and 35% of the width of the ribbon (4). A sheathing (5) of insulating material is arranged over the ribbon (4).

Abstract: A crosslinked polyolefin insulated power cable with remarkably improved AC breakdown voltage and impulse withstand voltage has been obtained by a process which comprises extrusion-coating, on the outer surface of a conductor, (1) a material for the formation of an inner semiconductive layer, comprising a base polymer and N-vinylcarbazole, (2) a crosslinkable polyolefin material for the formation of a crosslinked polyolefin insulating layer and (3) a material for the formation of an outer semiconductive layer in this order and then subjecting the coated conductor to a crosslinking treatment to form, on the outer surface of the conductor, an inner semiconductive layer, a crosslinked polyolefin insulating layer and an outer semiconductive layer in this order.

Abstract: An electric cable to be used as phase winding of a three-phase alternating current winding for linear motors. The cable has a compacted, soft-annealed stranded conductor (5) on which a conductive layer (7) is firmly anchored. The insulation (8) and the outer conductive layer (9) are applied in the same operation as the extruded inner conductive layer (7) and are firmly attached to the latter. A sheathing (10) which is of good electrical conductivity and mechanically stable is applied over the outer conductive layer (9).

Abstract: A metal free self-bearing optical cable is provided for use as an overhead cable in the field region between phase wires of a high-tension power line. The cable core is formed of slightly electrically conductive material having series resistances of between 10.sup.5 .OMEGA. cm and 10.sup.10 .OMEGA. cm.

Abstract: A laminated construction comprising at least three extruded layers of polymer-based material in which an intermediate layer (4) between a first layer (3) and a second layer (5) is strippably bonded to the first layer (3) and fully bonded to the second layer (5) such that the second layer together with substantially all of the intermediate layer (4) is readily strippable from the first layer (3). In particular, the invention relates to an insulated electrical cable in which such a laminated construction is arranged substantially coaxially about a core conductor (1); the first layer (3) being an inner layer of insulating material, intermediate layer (4) being either of insulating material or of a semi-coductive shielding material and the second layer (5) being an outer layer of a semi-conductive shielding material. Preferably, an additional layer of semi-condutive shielding material is positioned between the core conductor (1) and the first layer (3).

Abstract: A copper-type conductive coating composition which comprises:(A) a copper powder with hydrogen loss of at most 0.2% by weight or a copper powder with its oxidized surface layer removed by treatment with an organic carboxylic acid,(B) a coating binder resin, and(C) an antioxidant selected from triazoles represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl group or a halogen atom, and a is an integer of 1 to 3, and trithiophosphites represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl group or an allyl group.

Abstract: A water migration resisting filler for filling the interstices of a stranded conductor, an electrical power transmission cable including such filler and a method of making such cable. The filler includes a polymeric compound having a 100 gram needle penetration value between 50 and 100 tenths of a millimeter at 25.degree. C. and particles of a water swellable material having a particle size of not greater than 200 microns are in contact with the polymeric compound either by admixing it with the compound or applying it to the surface thereof. In the method, the polymeric compound is flowed around the wires of the conductor as they are stranded together and the water swellable material is either admixed with the compound or applied thereto as the conductor is formed, a semi-conductive layer is extruded around the so-filled conductor and a layer of insulation is extruded around the semi-conductive layer.

Abstract: In a shielded power cable of the type comprising inner and outer conductors separated by cable insulation defining a displacement current path between the conductors for high frequency currents, the cable insulation incorporates one or more coaxial layers of semiconductive material consisting of cable insulation material loaded with a conductive filler, such as carbon fibres or spheres. The semiconductive layer is designed to maximize high frequency losses thereby to facilitate attenuation of high voltage surges caused by lightning or by switching.

Abstract: A high voltage power cable assembly for applying rectangular high voltage pulses to an X-ray tube of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, including two conducting lines formed of a plurality of stranded or twisted wires covered with insulating layers, two conductors including a plurality of stranded or twisted wires arranged in opposition to a contact point of the conduct lines, the conductors having opposite ends connected to each other, a semi-conductive layer enclosing the conducting lines and the conductors, an insulating layer covering the semi-conductive layer, a shield layer covering the insulating layer, and a sheath wrapping the shield layer.

Abstract: A copper-type conductive coating composition which comprises:(A) a copper powder with hydrogen loss of at most 0.2% by weight or a copper powder with its oxidized surface layer removed by treatment with an organic carboxylic acid,(B) a coating binder resin, and(C) an antioxidant selected from triazoles represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl group or a halogen atom, and a is an integer of 1 to 3, and trithiophosphites represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl group or an allyl group.

Abstract: A DC power cable includes a conductor and an insulation of a thermoplastic resin formed around the conductor. The insulation contains carbon black in an amount of about 0.2 to about 5% of the total weight of the thermoplastic resin and the carbon black, and the ratio of mineral oil absorption (cc/100 g) to specific surface (m.sup.2 /g) in the carbon black is not less than 0.7. The carbon black has the hydrogen content of not more than 0.6% by weight. The specific surface is measured by BET equation. The carbon black has a particle size of 10 to 100 nm.

Abstract: The insulation shield in a power cable having thick polymeric insulation is constructed of a metallic layer radially spaced from but in electrical communication with an inner semiconducting layer by an intervening helical wrap of a semiconducting or high dielectric constant longitudinal structurally resiliently compressible substantially shape recoverable element. Various elements are described, both hollow and solid, with and without one flat longitudinal surface, and of both monolithic plastic and composite plastic and metal construction.

Abstract: An electrical coaxial cable is disclosed herein including an inner conductor and a concentric outer conductor electrically insulated from one another by means of a layer of dielectric material disposed therebetween. A series of concentric layers of electrically conductive polymer material serve to shield the insulation layer from the inner and outer conductors and also divide the insulation layer into individual concentric segments.

Abstract: A low mechanical noise coaxial cable for suppressing noise due to mechanical movement of the cable wherein the cable includes a central conductor, a dielectric surrounding the conductor, electrical shielding embedded in conductive material surrounding the dielectric and preferably, jacketing structure holding the above recited elements in place.

Abstract: An improved multilayer electric cable is disclosed having a conductive core, an extruded strand shield (ESS) layer, an insulating layer of polymeric insulation material surrounding the core and coaxial therewith, a semi-conductive insulation shield (EIS) layer strippably bonded to the insulation layer surrounding it and coaxial therewith and, preferably, a plurality of axially extending drain wires disposed within the semiconductive EIS layer. The semi-conductive EIS layer is formed of a copolymer of an ethylene/alkylacrylate/monoalkyl ester of 1,4-butenedioic acid copolymer, conductive carbon black, and a peroxide curing agent and preferably also a copolymer of ethylene and propylene or a copolymer of ethylene, propylene and an unconjugated diene. The semi-conductive EIS layer is applied by extrusion at elevated temperature in a dry gas atmosphere.

Abstract: An improved multilayer electric cable is disclosed having a conductive core, an extruded strand shield (ESS) layer, an insulating layer of polymeric insulation material surrounding the core and coaxial therewith, a semiconductive insulation shield (EIS) layer strippably bonded to the insulation layer surrounding it and coaxial therewith and, preferably, a plurality of axially extending drain wires disposed within the semiconductive EIS layer. The semiconductive EIS layer is formed of a copolymer of an ethylene/acrylate/monoalkyl ester of 1,4-butenedioic acid copolymer, conductive carbon black, a peroxide curing agent and polyethylene or polyethylene copolymer. The semiconductive EIS layer is applied by extrusion at elevated temperature in a dry gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A shielded cable is provided having good electrical properties and which may be easily terminated. The cable includes an insulated conductor which is encased within a thermoplastic tape, a supported tape, and a metallic shield. The tapes are bonded together during a heating step so that any gaps or voids are eliminated by thermoplastic flow. They may also be peeled as a unit from the insulation during a terminating operation.

Abstract: A semiconducting resin composition comprises: (A) 100 to 40 parts of a modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer prepared by graft processing of 100 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer of a vinyl acetate content of less than 35 percent with 25 to 200 parts of an aromatic vinyl monomer; (B) 0 to 60 parts of a rubber; and (C) 3 to 150 parts of a carbon black with respect to 100 parts of the above described components (A) and (B), all quantities in "parts" and "percent" being by weight. A composition of this character has excellent characteristics for its use in forming the outer semiconducting layer of polyethylene-insulated cables.

Abstract: Two embodiments of a triboelectric transducer cable for generating a signal in response to movement or deformation of the cable each include multiple insulated central conductors, a semi-conductive wrapping separately surrounding each of the insulated central conductors with an additional conductor arranged in electrically conductive contact with the semi-conductive wrapping and a protective jacket surrounding the cable assembly.

Abstract: There is provided an insulated high voltage cable which possesses the property of lower dielectric losses than prior art cables. The cable comprises a conductor insulated with at least two laminar layers of insulating material. At least one of the layers is relatively thick and has a low SIC. At least one other of the layers has a high SIC and is in contact with a surface of the low SIC layer. The high SIC layer is relatively thin and has a tan .delta./SIC value no greater than 0.005 over a temperature range of 40.degree. to 90.degree. C.

Abstract: A product by process for reducing micro-voids in cross-linked cable insulation without reducing the voltage breakdown strength thereof in which process the insulation, after cross-linking, is heated at a temperature in the range from about 120.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and under a pressure less than 10 mm. Hg for a period from about 8 hours to 48 hours. Also, a cable having such insulation which has micro-voids less than about 10.sup.2 per mm.sup.3 and a perforation gradient greater than the perforation gradient of a cable which has not been so treated.

Abstract: This invention refers to a medium voltage electric cable (up to about 45 kV) comprising one or more cores, each of said cores being constituted by a conductor covered with an inner semiconductive screen, an insulation layer of extruded polymeric material (preferably, cross-linked polyethylene or ethylenepropylene rubber) and an outer semiconductive screen.The outer semiconductive screen, which is extruded on the insulation and vulcanized at the same time as the insulation in a continuous vulcanizing line, is constituted by a mixture based on a blend of nitrile rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber and containing carbon black, cross-linking agents and various additives.The blend of nitrile rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber comprises 50-70 parts by weight of nitrile rubber and 50-30 parts by weight of ethylene-propylene rubber.The so constituted outer semiconductive screen has good adhesion to the insulation and can be easily removed from said insulation.

Abstract: Electrical conductors having suitable combinations of coatings and coverings are disclosed which have the ability to inhibit low molecular weight hydrocarbon well fluids when under pressure and withstand high proportions of gassy hydrocarbons under pressure without undergoing rupture failure.

Abstract: Sealed power cables (e.g. for underground or submarine use) are often equipped with a metal sheath. A problem with some such cables is that their insulation is subject to greater thermal expansion of the cable during use than the metal sheath is capable of following. According to the present invention the metal sheath (5) is longitudinally corrugated either when the metal sheath is manufactured or by pressing a metal sheet which is originally plane over resilient ribs disposed longitudinally on the cable.

Abstract: A conductive coating is disclosed, the coating comprising conductive particles, at least one surfactant, a thixotropic gelling agent, and, optionally, an organosilane coupling agent and a defoamer. The coating is suitable for use as a slip coating, which coating is particularly suitable for use in the production of conductive cores employed to produce electrical cables.

Abstract: The mending of defective semiconductive components of insulated electrical cable, comprising filling and sealing voids or breaks within a body of semiconductive material with a curable semiconductive patching compound comprising the combination of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, conductive filler and lauroyl peroxide, and heating the patching compound to cure the same.

Abstract: Vulcanizable semi-conducting compositions that can be used to provide strippable insulation shielding compositions for electrical conductors, and articles of manufacture wherein the crosslinked product of said vulcanizable compositions are directly bonded to a crosslinked polyolefin substrate.

Abstract: A cable for carrying high voltage has encompassed on its metallic conductor core with an inner layer of semiconducting material. An insulation layer encompasses this semiconducting layer and is in turn encompassed by an outer semiconducting layer. This outer semiconducting layer is strongly bonded to the underlying insulation layer and its outer surface resistivity is selected to be within the range of 10.sup.7 - 10.sup.9 ohm/square. Such resistivity range equalizes the voltage distribution within the cable jacket and also facilitates splicing cable ends and terminating the cable as the outer semiconducting layer need not and in fact cannot be readily removed.