Abstract: Considerable problems are experienced with cables when inserting them in conduit. Only a limited length can be inserted in the conduit so that there must be frequent joints in the cable and the outer sheath is often damaged. The present invention provides a laminate which is particularly applicable as the outer sheath on a cable and which includes a first inner layer of plastics and an outer layer of different harder plastics and incompatible with the first layer and bonded to the inner layer by a bonding layer which is a mixture of the plastics of the two layers. The laminate has applications in addition to cable sheaths.

Abstract: A cable which provides suitable shielding over a relatively wide range of frequencies includes a core (22), and inner shield (32), an outer shield (34) which engages electrically the inner shield, and a jacket (60). Each shield is a laminate which includes a metallic layer comprising a suitable metallic shielding material and a plastic layer. The inner shield has its plastic layer (38) disposed toward the core whereas the plastic layer (52) of the outer shield is oriented toward the jacket. Also, each shield is formed with an unjoined, longitudinal overlapped seam. In order to insure continued shielding when the cable is flexed, the longitudinal seams of the cable are displaced from each other as measured in a direction circumferentially of the core.

Abstract: A shielding tape comprising a lead foil having a layer of vinyl chloride polymer on its one surface and having on the other surface thereof a layer of vinyl chloride polymer and a layer of an adhesive not reaction-curable formed over the latter layer. Also disclosed is an electric cable comprising a sheath of vinyl chloride polymer and a water impermeable layer provided by a shielding tape having the same structure as above and longitudinally placed beneath the sheath. With an adhesive of the above-mentioned type, the sheath is adhered to the underlying vinyl chloride polymer layer of the tape, and the polymer layers of the tape are also adhered to each other at the lap of the tape.

Abstract: A combined power and sensing cable for inter-connecting an EDM power supply and machine tool including a pair of power conducting leads (14,16), each having a non-conducting sleeve (18a, 20a) and a plurality of individual conductors (20) inside each such sleeve. A braided shield sleeve (22) encloses both the power leads. An external insulating jacket (12) encloses the braided shield sleeve (22). A plurality of sensing and control leads (28) are enclosed by a second braided shield (26) which in turn is enclosed by its insulating sleeve (24). The sensing and control leads (28) are aligned substantially parallel to the power conductor leads (14,16) intermediate their respective braided shield (22) and the external insulating jacket (12).

Abstract: An electrical cable comprising a core having at least one inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric material, a metallic sheath surrounding said core, and an adhesive bonding said metallic sheath to said core, said adhesive comprising a water dispersible copolymer of ethylene and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid forming a thin film between said metallic sheath and said core.

Abstract: A strip (56) of non-metallic material and one (59) of a metallic material are wrapped simultaneously about an advancing cable core (32) to enclose partially the core. Then longitudinal edge portions (71, 72) of the strip of non-metallic material are separated by a shoe (150) which permits movement of the edge portions in a direction circumferentially of the core. One longitudinal edge portion (72) of the non-metallic strip becomes confined in a guideway (118) of a tool (99) and longitudinal edge portions (73, 74) of the metallic strip (59) are guided along guideways (117, 118) of the tool as the strips are moved through a converging passageway (103). This controls the relative circumferential movement between the edge portions as the strips are moved through the passageway to form a core wrap (33) and a shield (34).

Abstract: An electrical cable includes a core, a jacket and improved shielding with unexpectably low transfer impedance. The shielding includes an inner foil laminate, a braided sleeve, and an outer foil laminate, each foil laminate having at least one conductive layer and at least one strength-giving non-conductive layer. At least one of the foils includes a shorting fold to limit the slot effect. Preferably, the inner foil has two conductive layers, and the outer foil has the shorting fold.

Abstract: Significantly enhanced bending characteristics are provided in a coaxial cable by reducing the stiffness of the tubular sheath in relation to the stiffness of the core. The cable comprises a core including at least one inner conductor and a low loss dielectric surrounding the inner conductor, and an electrically and mechanically continuous tubular metallic sheath closely surrounding the core and being adhesively bonded thereto, the ratio of the stiffness of the core to the stiffness of the tubular sheath being greater than 5.

Abstract: A rubber or plastic insulated power cable is provided wherein a water impervious tape is formed on a cable core through an electrically conductive tape. Fracture due to fatigue of the metal foil of the water impervious tape which is caused by friction between a metal shield layer of the cable core and a jacket as an outermost layer is prevented. Water impervious performance of the cable is not degraded over a long period of time.

Abstract: The cable comprises one or more layers of insulated conductors disposed in circumferentially spaced relation. At least one layer is surrounded by a flexible shield formed from a inner layer of metallic foil bonded to a layer of flexible plastic. A ground conductor in the form of an uninsulated metal wire or a semi-conductive wire is disposed in the conductor layer directly adjacent to the shield. The ground conductor and the insulated conductors all have approximately the same outside diameter. This promotes intimate contact between the ground conductor and the shield.The cable is used in modular conjunction with a connector which holds the cable in pressurized engagement within a cable receiving opening. The pressure produced by the connector insures that intimate contact between the ground conductor and the shield will be maintained. The connector is designed such that the pressure applied to the cable can be varied.

Abstract: New and improved shielding tapes for use in electric cable construction are disclosed and include a metallic foil treated on both sides with a conductive adhesion promoting material and surrounded on both sides with a continuous layer of a semi conductive polymer material. The tapes provide an improved electrostatic shield and moisture barrier for cables destined to be utilized in extended underground installation applications.

Abstract: Three or more groups of individually insulated conductors are optionally separately wrapped with insulating material and then either singly or collectively encircled with metal tape material. The groups are secured together by a strengthening steel tape and surrounding protective jacket. By way of example, a series of embodiments are described, each containing three groups of conductors or cores. Screen configurations are presented for enclosing all groups or only the carrier service groups with one tape element that weaves its way in and out between the groups so that each group or core is screened from all adjacent cores. Other configurations employ separate tapes, each enclosing a separate corresponding group. Finally, embodiments are disclosed in which one group is enclosed by one tape element, while two additional groups are collectively enclosed by a single tape element deployed somewhat "S" shape about the cores.

Abstract: Plastic/metal laminates (such as, for example, plastic coated cable shielding or armoring tapes) having improved high and/or low temperature adhesion to various olefin polymer substrates (such as, for example, cable jacketing resins) are provided which comprise at least one metallic substrate having directly adhered to at least one surface thereof a first thermoplastic polymer layer of a random copolymer of ethylene with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and having adhered to said first polymer layer a second thermoplastic polymer layer comprising a polymer blend of (a) either the same or a different random copolymer of ethylene with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid as used in said first polymer layer and (b) at least one different ethylenic olefin polymer resin which is not a random ethylene/unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer.

Abstract: A dielectric system for coaxial electrical conductors is provided. The dielectric system separates an inner and outer conductor and is composed of a first layer of braided high tensile strength polymeric fluorocarbon filaments in an open weave surrounding the inner conductor. Surrounding the layer of braided filaments is a continuous layer of a polymeric film which is in turn surrounded by a continuous layer of a crosslinkable polymeric lacquer enclosing both the layer of braided filaments and the layer of polymeric film.

Abstract: A cable which is capable of being made in a large pair size and yet which has excellent mechanical properties that maintain its integrity notwithstanding extremes in temperature during installation and shipping as well as during the rigors of installation includes a sheath system having a corrugated steel outer shield that is adhesively bonded to a plastic jacket. The corrugated steel shield which is formed to have a longitudinal overlapped seam that is preferably unsealed encloses an aluminum inner shield that in turn encloses a multiconductor core. Advantageously, the sheath system includes a plastic jacketing material which is capable of resisting biaxial stresses which are aggravated in a bonded sheath system. This results in jacket integrity about the longitudinal seam of the outer shield notwithstanding a notched cross-section and an unsupported bridged portion of the plastic jacket adjacent to the seam.

Abstract: A semiconductor packing substance for an undersea cable transporting electrical power, said cable having a core made of conductors 1 disposed axially, surrounded by a polyethylene layer 3 which is made semiconductive, then by a layer of insulating polyethylene (4). The packing substance is obtained by reticulating liquid nitrile rubber with carboxylic bonds and an epoxy resin to both of which is added a carbon black with a specific surface area at least equal to 100 m.sup.2 /g, an anti-oxidizing agent and a reticulation accelerator.

Abstract: A cable which is suitable for use as a riser cable in buildings comprises a plurality of conductors each of which is covered with a composite insulation. The composite insulation comprises an inner layer of an expanded polyethylene material and an outer layer of a polyvinyl chloride material with the percent expansion of the inner layer and the thickness of the outer layer being such as to optimize several cable parameters. The resultant cable is one which has excellent fire-retardant properties such as, for example, an unusually low fuel content. Advantageously, this same cable lends itself to color coding for inside wiring and is capable of having a relatively high pair count density. All these parameters are optimized within the framework of specific transmission requirements.

Abstract: A multi-shielded transmission cable has no "slots" in the shielding so that signal attenuation and distortion are minimized. A shielding tape for the ready manufacture of the cable has at least one conducting layer and an insulating layer and is folded at or near its longitudinal median. When the tape is wrapped about a cable core, the ends of the tape overlap so as to effect physical and electrical contact thereby avoiding slots. A heat-sensitive adhesive strip may be applied to the tape so that the shielding is bonded to the core during the step of extruding a protective jacket over the shielding tape.

Abstract: An undercarpet cable assembly for use in signal transmission systems has a coaxial cable subassembly retained by but strippable from an abrasion-protective and crush-resistant resilient retention body. Stripping is facilitated by an unbonded relation between the subassembly and the retention body.

Abstract: A low loss buoyant coaxial cable has its buoyant material placed between conductors to allow for maximum cable cross section for electrical transmission. In addition the strength members are placed radially inward of the center conductor to reduce wearing of the strength members and keeping the electrical performance independent of the electrical properties of the strength members. An alternate embodiment has buoyant material centrally located and the strength members placed with buoyant material between the coaxial conductors.

Abstract: Three stranded-together, insulated conductors are enveloped in a rubber-elastic, inner sleeve on which sits a corrugated twin tube arrangement of an inner copper tube and an outer steel tube. The corrugations seal the interior in a bulkhead-like fashion.

Abstract: An improved sheathed cable and method for producing same is described. The cable includes an inner insulated conductor/conductor group, an outer corrugated metal sheath, and a barrier layer of a pliable, inert sealing material disposed therebetween to prevent the passage of gas or vapors via the cable. The method includes the steps of applying the pliable material around the inner insulated conductor/conductor group, wrapping the pliable material with a flexible tape, forming an outer metallic sheath around the material, and making annular corrugations in the outer sheath so as to compress the sealing compound.

Abstract: A cable for prospecting, said cable including a core of conductor wires (3) surrounded by insulating material (4) and by armour (7, 8) formed by at least one layer of helically wound steel wires. It includes, from its center to its periphery, inside the armour, an axial monofilament (2) made of a polymer that withstands high temperatures, said monofilament forming the insulation of an inner conductor (1), an outer conductor (5) and a sheath (6) made of a thermoplastic substance that withstands high temperatures, said inner conductor serving a different electrical function than said core of conductor wires.

Abstract: Flexible electrical shielding conduit and method for making same wherein the conduit comprises multiple layers including a flexible conduit tubing outer layer, an electrical shielding layer disposed within the tubing and in contact with the conduit layer, and a woven retaining layer inside the shielding layer, said woven retaining layer expanding radially outwardly when compressed axially continuously forcing the shielding layer into contact with the conduit tubing to provide an unobstructed passageway therethrough. An alternative embodiment and the method for making same wherein the electrical shielding layer and the retaining layer are combined to form an integral inner layer having the properties as described above.

Abstract: An electrical cable having a shielding comprised of knit or knit-graded wire having metal coatings.

Abstract: An insulated cable core is provided with a shield made of individual wires which are embedded in a first plastically deformable jacket which carries a water vapor impermeable sleeve made of wrapped or folded metal or metallized foil or ribbon whose adjoining edges are sealed. This sleeve carries a second plastically deformable jacket to be embedded in-between two such jackets. The usual protective covering is provided around the outer deformable jacket.

Abstract: A method for producing a laminated sheath product utilizing a single layer tape and providing good waterproof characteristics. A tape is longitudinally supplied, if desired, with a core, into a first die which preliminarily shapes the tape to a partial tubular form. The tape is then passed through a second die which completes the tubular formation of the tape while applying an adhesive thereto. The adhesive at the second die completely fills the area around the overlapping edges of the tape to provide a tight waterproof seal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high strength cable to electrically and mechaally connect a vessel or a base on the sea with submarine instruments. Such a cable is required to transfer a signal or electric power and to positively transfer to a tension member in the cable a drawing force which is applied to an outer sheath from a capstan when the cable is wound up or drawn out by the capstan. This invention has a feature in that layers 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D of lapping tape having a high friction coefficient such as rubber coated tape are provided between a tension member 7 and an outer sheath 8. This feature prevents a displacement between the tension member 7 and the outer sheath 8.

Abstract: An improved internally screened cable is disclosed that not only provides efficient shielding to meet near-end cross-talk requirements in present day and anticipated future carrier systems, but also armor protection as well, both the shielding and armor protection arising out of a single metallic shielding tape composed of two layers of aluminum or copper metallurgically bonded to both surfaces of an iron or steel layer. The tape is corrugated and has a medial portion integrally joined to two terminal portions. The cable core is composed of two groups of conductors divided and shielded one from the other by the medial portion of the shielding tape. Terminal portions of the shield are bent in opposite directions and lie on the periphery of the groups of the core and extend to and beyond that point where the medial and terminal portions merge.

Abstract: A dielectric system for coaxial electrical conductors is provided. The dielectric system separates an inner and an outer conductor and is composed of a first layer of cellular polyparabanic acid. This layer directly contacts and provides a continuous skin circumferentially surrounding the inner conductor along its length. A second layer, consisting of a crosslinkable polymeric lacquer which provides a continuous skin enclosing the first layer is also provided. The dielectric system is used in coax cables.

Abstract: A dielectric system for coaxial electrical conductors is provided. The dielectric system separates an inner and outer conductor and is composed of a first layer of braided high tensile strength polymeric fluorocarbon filaments in an open weave surrounding the inner conductor. Surrounding the layer of braided filaments is a layer of cellular polyparabanic acid tape which is helically wound along the length of the cable with a negative overlap. Circumferentially surrounding these two layers along the length of the cable is a continuous layer of polymeric film which is in turn surrounded by a continuous layer of a crosslinkable polymeric lacquer.

Abstract: An insulated wire having a controlled specific gravity is provided. The wire is manufactured by surrounding an electrical conductor with a layer or a closed cell foam and a sheath. The density and outer diameter of the layer of closed cell foam are controlled to provide the desired overall specific gravity of the insulated wire so that the insulated wire will float on the interface between two immiscible fluids which have different specific gravities.

Abstract: A cable which is capable of being made in a large pair size and yet which has excellent mechanical properties that maintain its integrity notwithstanding extremes in temperature during installation and shipping as well as during the rigors of installation includes a sheath system having a corrugated steel outer shield that is adhesively bonded to a plastic jacket. The corrugated steel shield which is formed to have a longitudinal overlapped seam that is preferably unsealed encloses an aluminum inner shield that in turn encloses a multiconductor core. Advantageously, the sheath system includes a plastic jacketing material which is capable of resisting biaxial stresses which are aggravated in a bonded sheath system. This results in jacket integrity about the longitudinal seam of the outer shield notwithstanding a notched cross-section and an unsupported bridged portion of the plastic jacket adjacent to the seam.

Abstract: Tubing and electrical cable utilizing shields made from a flexible metal tape that has a coating of a copolymer of ethylene with a monomer having a reactive carboxyl group bonded to at least one of its sides and to which coating is bonded an adhesive that is adapted to bond the coating to flexible or semi-rigid non-olefinic polymeric materials so as to provide such tubing and electrical cable with improved flexibility and resistance to wrinkling or bending.

Abstract: Improved shielding members and electric cable constructions which utilize these shielding members are described. Various configurations of the shielding members can be used to enclose a single cable circuit consisting of one or more conductors in two concentric metallic shielding layers fabricated from a single shielding member which provides excellent electrical isolation for the cable circuit. Generally, the shielding members comprise an elongated ribbon of insulating material and a pair of elongated foil strips arranged in parallel relationship with the ribbon. The foil strips are bonded to opposite sides of the ribbon and each has an elongated edge generally in alignment with opposite elongated edges of the ribbon. The selective use of layers of heat sensitive sealing material for sealing the shielding layers protects the cable circuits from moisture.

Abstract: An improved shielding member and electric cable constructions which utilize this shielding member are described, the design of the shielding member allowing two cable circuits, each consisting of one or more conductors to be wrapped in and electrically isolated by a single shielding member. The shielding member comprises an elongated ribbon of insulating material and a pair of elongated foil strips arranged in a parallel relationship with the ribbon, the foil strips being bonded to opposite sides of the ribbon and each of the foil strips having an elongated edge generally in alignment with opposite elongated edges of the ribbon. The shielding member is wound in a generally S-shaped configuration forming two envelopes, each of the cable circuits being encased in, and electrically isolated by, one of the envelopes.

Abstract: An improved corrosion resistant cable shielding tape adapted for use in electrical power and communications cables comprising a metal strip having a deformation resistant layer of polymeric resinous material tightly adhered to at least one side thereof, the deformation resistant layer having a deformation temperature of at least about 270.degree. F. The deformation resistant layer resists abrasion and penetration at the temperatures and pressures normally associated with cable manufacture, installation and/or service use. The deformation resistant layer must be tightly adhered to the metal strip to prevent delamination when exposed to a corrosive environment and to the mechanical forces exerted by metal corrosion products, thereby restricting the path of corrosive attack to the exposed metal edges of the shielding tape. Additional layers of polymeric resinous materials may be included in the multilayered structure of the cable shielding tape such as adhesive and/or heat seal layers.

Abstract: A method of making a cable (20) specially suited for use in building plenums because of its low flame spread and smoke evolution includes enclosing a multiconductor core (22) in a sheath comprising an inorganic, cellular core wrap (31), a corrugated metallic barrier (40) and dual layers (51) and (52) of a polyimide tape. The tapes are wrapped helically about the barrier in a manner that avoids a compression of the core wrap. The sheath is effective to resist heat transfer inwardly toward the core by conduction while the metallic barrier reflects radiant heat. Advantageously, the sheath containerizes the core without unduly compressing it and thereby allows the intumescence of conductor insulation during a fire to form char which is effective to suppress the evolution of smoke and the propagation of flame.

Abstract: Flexible transmission line, wherein it comprises a fluid circulation duct and reinforcements inside and outside the said duct against compressive forces inside and outside the duct, the internal reinforcement comprising at least one cable within said duct, whereby within said duct over the entire length of the line the cable leaves fluid circulation spaces, while the external reinforcements are coaxial to the duct.

Abstract: A heating cable having spaced helically wound conductor wires separated by a layer of positive temperature coefficient material which functions as a self-limiting heating element. At least one of the conductor wires is helically disposed on a stranded core of insulating fibers which have been coated and impregnated with conductive carbon.

Abstract: A high voltage cable wherein each conductive element comprises a flexible inner conductor, an insulating sheath within which the inner conductor moves freely, a flexible outer conductor encasing the insulating sheath and an insulating jacket which encases the outer and inner conductors. The cable may consist of one conductive element or a plurality of conductive elements distributed symmetrically in groups over a circular cross-sectional area.

Abstract: An improved corrosion resistant cable shielding tape adapted for use in electrical power and communications cables comprising a metal strip having a deformation resistant layer of polymeric resinous material tightly adhered to at least one side thereof, the deformation resistant layer having a deformation temperature of at least about 270.degree. F. The deformation resistant layer resists abrasion and penetration at the temperatures and pressures normally associated with cable manufacture, installation and/or service use. The deformation resistant layer must be tightly adhered to the metal strip to prevent delamination when exposed to a corrosive environment and to the mechanical forces exerted by metal corrosion products, thereby restricting the path of corrosive attack to the exposed metal edges of the shielding tape. Additional layers of polymeric resinous materials may be included in the multilayered structure of the cable shielding tape such as adhesive and/or heat seal layers.

Abstract: A cable (20) specially suited for use in building plenums because of its low flame spread and smoke evolution includes a multiconductor core (22) which is enclosed in a sheath comprising an inorganic, cellular core wrap (31), a corrugated metallic barrier (40) and dual layers (51) and (52) of a polyimide tape which are wrapped helically about the barrier in a manner that avoids a compression of the core wrap. The sheath is effective to resist heat transfer inwardly toward the core by conduction while the metallic barrier reflects radiant heat. Advantageously, the sheath containerizes the core without unduly compressing it and thereby allows the intumescence of conductor insulation during a fire to form char which is effective to suppress the evolution of smoke and the propagation of flame.

Abstract: Electrical conductors having suitable combinations of coatings and coverings are disclosed which have the ability to inhibit low molecular weight hydrocarbon well fluids when under pressure and withstand high proportions of gassy hydrocarbons under pressure without undergoing rupture failure.

Abstract: A submarine communications cable comprising a plurality of optical fibres extending longitudinally, an electrically conductive tube surrounding the plurality of fibres with radial clearance, the electrically conductive tube allowing the transmission of electrical power between repeaters and being rigid so that when incorporated in the cable it resists hydrostatic pressure at the sea bed.

Abstract: A submarine cable has a central strength member comprising two layers of very high tensile steel wires embedded onto a central aluminium core. The inner conductor of the cable surrounds the steel wires. This arrangement reduces the weight of the cable, increases its conductivity, reduces the copper used and provides easier diametral control by swaging.

Abstract: A heating element for use in an electric blanket or the like including conductors spaced apart in a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) material which serves as a self-limiting heater. The conductors are separated by a spacer which prevents the conductors from engaging each other when the PTC material softens or melts during annealing thereof. A coating of material having a higher melting point than the PTC material is placed over the PTC material to maintain its shape during the annealing process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrical cable (10) which includes a plurality of insulated conductors (11) bound together in close proximity to one another to form a cable core. A sheet of insulative material (13) surrounds this cable core and this assembly in turn is further surrounded with a conductive shield (14). An insulative sheath (16) surrounds the entire assembly. Integral with the conductive shield are means (15) for providing shield continuity when the insulative sheath and conductive shield are entered.

Abstract: An electric cable having a multi-stranded core of insulated conductors and a jacket, in which the spaces between and around the conductors are at least partially filled with a mixture which forms a blockage to the penetration of water. The mixture comprises water repellant treated calcium carbonate and high molecular weight polyacrylamide resin which do not react with each other or when in contact with water. Preferably the individual conductors are coated with a hydrophobic liquid such as a low viscosity paraffinic oil.

Abstract: Communication cables with cores that have groups of conductor pairs, that carry messages in opposite directions, in the same cable present the problem of crosstalk between the different groups. With the increase in carrier frequency that is used for communication, the crosstalk problem increases, and cables that were acceptable for lower frequency are no longer adequate. This invention provides more efficient shielding; is suitable for higher frequencies; provides a stronger cable structure; and reduces corrosion of the shielding.