Abstract: Electrical bushing for medium and high voltage comprising a dielectric bushing main body a conductor extending through the bushing main body and being electrically insulated by the bushing main body, at least a conductive foil concentrically arranged around the conductor along at least a part of its length, and a barrier layer at least partially covering an edge region of said conductive foil, wherein the barrier layer has a dielectric strength greater than the dielectric strength of the dielectric bushing main body and greater than 150 kV/mm.

Abstract: A hollow insulator for high electric voltages has an insulating tube and a covering of the insulating tube made from a fiber-reinforced plastic. The covering is placed on an outer surface of the insulating tube. There is also described a method for producing the type of hollow insulator.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for making a variable textured breast implant when used in conjunction with a breast implant mandrel having a molding surface and a stem depending therefrom.

Abstract: A large-capacitance insulating core, a high-voltage electrical appliance and a multi-functional high-voltage bushing. The insulating core is internally provided with a capacitance increasing structure. The capacitance increasing structure is a plurality of capacitive screen sets formed by a forward capacitive screen set and a reverse capacitive screen set that are alternatively arranged and in parallel connection. The forward capacitive screen set includes a plurality of capacitive screens arranged alternatively with insulating layers, an innermost capacitive screen of the forward capacitive screen set is connected to a high potential, and an outermost capacitive screen is connected to a low potential.

Abstract: An assembly for use with an oil-filled cable termination includes a cable gland, a cable received in the cable gland, and a stress cone received around the cable and spaced apart from the cable gland. The cable includes a central conductor and a polymeric insulation layer surrounding the central conductor. A lug is spaced apart from the stress cone and includes a barrel portion with the central conductor of the cable received in the barrel portion. An oil barrier system including an oil barrier layer surrounds the polymeric insulation layer of the cable between the stress cone and the lug.

Abstract: A cast condenser bushing includes an electrical conductor; a plurality of condenser layers disposed about the conductor, each condenser layer including a fluted, corrugated electrical insulator and a conductive sheet; and epoxy encapsulating the plurality of condenser layers and forming an epoxy casting, wherein the epoxy is disposed within and between each condenser layer.

Abstract: An insulating housing with integrated functions comprises a barrel-shaped shell, an interior wall of which being provided with a protruded or recessed uneven texture configured to increase a creepage distance between both axial ends of the barrel-shaped shell, the path of the creepage distance formed by the protruded or recessed uneven texture having more than two flyover or bypass sub-paths, such that the creepage distance is increased, and the voltage withstanding is increased.

Abstract: A resin impregnated paper (RIP) condenser core configured for being positioned around an electrical conductor. The condenser core includes a winding tube forming a longitudinal through hole through the condenser core, configured for allowing an electrical conductor to be inserted there through; an electrically insulating RIP body wound onto and around the winding tube; and at least one electrically conducting foil coaxially encircling the winding tube and being surrounded by the RIP body insulating each of the at least one foil from any other of the at least one foil. The winding tube is of an electrically insulating material which has been chosen from a group consisting of materials having a volumetric thermal expansion coefficient within the range of 50% to 200% of the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient of the RIP body.

Abstract: A voltage sensor includes an insulator with mutually insulated electrodes embedded therein. The electrodes are coaxial and cylindrical and overlap axially along part of their lengths. They are mutually staggered and control the surfaces of electric equipotential such that there is a substantially homogeneous electric field outside the insulator and a substantially homogeneous but higher field within a sensing cavity within the insulator. A field sensor is arranged within the sensing cavity to measure the field. This design allows for the production of compact voltage sensors for high voltage applications.

Abstract: A voltage sensor includes an insulator with mutually insulated electrodes embedded therein. The electrodes are coaxial and cylindrical and overlap axially along part of their lengths. They are mutually staggered and control the surfaces of electric equipotential such that there is a substantially homogeneous electric field outside the insulator and a substantially homogeneous but higher field within a sensing cavity within the insulator. A field sensor is arranged within the sensing cavity to locally measure the field. This design allows for the production of compact voltage sensors for high voltage applications.

Abstract: A lead-trough device for an electrical conductor, which structure includes an insulating body arranged for housing the electrical conductor along a central axis of the insulating body. Further, the lead-trough structure includes insulating layers and conducting layers arranged on the inside of the insulating body, which insulating layers and conducting layers are concentrically wrapped around the central axis of the body and alternatingly arranged along a transaxial direction of the insulating body. At least one conducting layer is wrapped concentrically around the central axis of the body for less than 360° such that ends of the at least one conducting layer are spaced apart.

Abstract: An exemplary mold is disclosed for impregnating a prefabricated condenser core (C) of a high voltage bushing with a liquid resin and includes two mold modules movable against each other and shaped to form an axially symmetric mold cavity. The mold forms a column of cylindrical design, in which the at least two mold modules are arranged on top of each other. A first of the two mold modules can be executed as a hollow cylinder. Two opposing front faces of the two mold modules and a circular O-ring arranged between the two opposing front faces form a first sealing interface of the metal mold. Such a mold can have a very efficient sealing system and allow high pressures to be applied to the liquid resin and a beneficial forming of the condenser core in a device in which the resin is cured according to a specified temperature profile.

Abstract: An electrical bushing for providing electrical insulation of a conductor extending through the bushing is disclosed. The bushing includes: one conductive foil concentrically arranged around the conductor location; and one FGM part, made from a field grading material and partly arranged in the extension of part of a foil edge of a conductive foil. The FGM part and the conductive foil, in the extension of which the FGM part is arranged, are in electrical contact.

Abstract: A lead-trough device for an electrical conductor, which structure includes an insulating body arranged for housing the electrical conductor along a central axis of the insulating body. Further, the lead-trough structure includes insulating layers and conducting layers arranged on the inside of the insulating body, which insulating layers and conducting layers are concentrically wrapped around the central axis of the body and alternatingly arranged along a transaxial direction of the insulating body. At least one conducting layer is wrapped concentrically around the central axis of the body for less than 360° such that ends of the at least one conducting layer are spaced apart.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high voltage device for providing electrical insulation of a conductor extending through the device. The device includes a hollow insulator; a conductor extending through the hollow insulator; a field gradient decreasing arrangement including a condenser core and a voltage grading shield. The condenser core and the voltage grading shield are arranged around the conductor inside the hollow insulator in a manner so that the voltage grading shield is arranged around at least part of the condenser core.

Abstract: An electrical bushing for providing electrical insulation of a conductor extending through the bushing is disclosed. The bushing includes: one conductive foil concentrically arranged around the conductor location; and one FGM part, made from a field grading material and partly arranged in the extension of part of a foil edge of a conductive foil. The FGM part and the conductive foil, in the extension of which the FGM part is arranged, are in electrical contact.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an insulating structure with screens shaping the electric field, applicable in high-voltage bushings, high-voltage cables, cable accessories and in measuring instruments, especially instrument transformers. The structure according to the invention comprising layers of electrically insulating material between which there are inserted conducting sheets which are screens shaping the electric field in high-voltage electric power equipment is characterized in that the conducting sheets are made of an insulating substrate layer with a porous structure, impregnatable and compressible along the direction parallel to the sheet plane, and at least one surface of the substrate layer has a strongly developed surface and is coated with a metal layer.

Abstract: A high voltage DC bushing including a fluid duct with non-constant width (?r) along the axial direction of the bushing.

Abstract: A high voltage insulation system for high-voltage direct current including a bushing, a conductor, a transformer conductor, and a connection between the conductor and the transformer conductor. A conductive shielding electrode shields the connection between the bushing and transformer. A surrounding insulation system is immersed in transformer oil. The surrounding insulation system includes transformer insulation material and bushing insulation material. A cylindrical solid insulation barrier encloses the connection between the bushing conductor and transformer conductor. At least one solid insulation barrier is fastened on the outer side of the shielding electrode. The at least one solid insulation barrier extends in an axial direction outside the axial direction of the shielding electrode and forms a distance to the insulation material of the bushing and the insulation material of the transformer, whereby a moderate voltage drop over the solid insulation barrier is obtained.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an insulating structure with screens shaping the electric field, applicable in high-voltage bushings, high-voltage cables, cable accessories and in measuring instruments, especially instrument transformers. The structure according to the invention comprising layers of electrically insulating material between which there are inserted conducting sheets which are screens shaping the electric field in high-voltage electric power equipment is characterized in that the conducting sheets are made of an insulating substrate layer with a porous structure, impregnatable and compressible along the direction parallel to the sheet plane, and at least one surface of the substrate layer has a strongly developed surface and is coated with a metal layer.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a dielectric bushing (1?), in particular a high-voltage bushing (1?) for an electrical high-voltage apparatus. To realize the field control in the field-stressed zone (7; 7a, 7b), at least one screening electrode (6; 6a, 6b) arranged in the interior (20) of the insulator part (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) is eliminated and replaced with a non-linear electric and/or dielectric field control element (9; 9a, 9b; 9i, 9o; 9s) on the insulator part (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) in the region of the first installation flange (4; 8).

Abstract: A feed-through filter capacitor assembly is provided to pass a conductor into a housing of an electronic device while maintaining a hermetic seal and filtering spurious radio frequency signals. The assembly is particularly suitable for use in medical implant devices such as pacemakers. The feed-through filter capacitor assembly comprises a conductive bushing forming a cup that receives a filter capacitor body. The cup is located to one side of a pass-through portion including a passageway in which an insulative spacer is mounted. A plurality of wires pass through the filter capacitor body and spacer. The wires are contacted with inner plates of the capacitor and insulated from the bushing. Conductive polymer resin within the cup provides electrical continuity between outer contacts of the capacitor body and the conductive bushing. This arrangement also provides an effective heat sink for the filter capacitor body and protects the filter capacitor body from physical damage.

Abstract: An improved ceramic feedthrough capacitor design which results in distinct advantages in EMI (electromagnetic interference) filtering and therapeutic waveform management for implantable defibrillators and pacemakers and the like. The invention provides ceramic capacitor electrode plate designs which provide both low impedance decoupling for EMI suppression, and, at the same time provide an isolated common ground point through a separate coupling capacitor for electrical isolation of the filtered circuit from the metal case (usually titanium) of the defibrillator or the like. Such an arrangement allows the defibrillator HV (high voltage) output pulse to the heart to be referenced lead to lead (including reverse polarity), or from either lead to a common floating ground point or to the titanium case. The primary application of the invention is directed to implantable defibrillators where the output pulse to the heart is typically high voltage (up to 750 volts) and of short duration (typically in the 10.times.

Abstract: A series connected capacitive graded high voltage cable terminator and suspension insulator made up of a number of individual modules each made by molding an insulating material between and around two flat, parallel plates molded of conductive material. The modules are connected in series by stacking them and the cable shield is introduced at one end while the bare conductor emerges from the stack cap. The electrical stress is uniformly divided by the number of capacitors in the series. The stack can also be used to suspend a bare high voltage conductor from a grounded tower.

Abstract: The present invention provides a floating shield for a high voltage bushing. Preferably the bushing is conically shaped and has a composite housing for substantially optimizing the electrical performance of the bushing according to the invention. The floating shield is preferably suspended within the bushing housing by a supporting insulator placed in a low electrical stress region of the bushing. In a preferred embodiment, the supporting insulator is disposed between a ground grading shield and the bushing housing. The composite housing preferably provides a protective inner tube made of a fiber reinforced material and an outer silicone rubber housing having weather sheds formed in a helix on the surface of the housing.

Abstract: A high voltage cable termination for connecting a high voltage cable of the type having internal and external electric fields to other apparatus, such as an overhead line, is provided. An insulating shell surrounds the cable which is provided with a high voltage conductor surrounded by a cable dielectric. The termination includes a common condenser assembly for grading the electric fields of the cable which assembly includes a cylindrical condenser stack of restricted length surrounding the high voltage conductor to grade the internal longitudinal electric field in the dielectric surrounding the high voltage conductor. In one embodiment, the common condenser assembly includes conductive shields connected between the condenser stack and the insulating shell to grade the external electric field along the insulating shell and in the surrounding environment by tapping different voltages produced along the condenser stack to locations along the insulating shell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a condenser type barrier for field control in transformer bushings and their connection to the conductor of a transformer winding for transformers used in HVDC converter plants. The condenser barrier is arranged as a solid of revolution with concentrically laid condenser layers. It is formed from both ends with inwardly-directed, straight frustums of cones with equally large smallest bases, between which the condenser barrier is formed as a concentric inner, straight circular cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a condenser body for field control in transformer bushings and the connection of the body to the conductor of a transformer winding for transformers used in HVDC converter plants. The condenser body is arranged as a solid of revolution with concentrically laid condenser layers. It is formed from one end with an outwardly-directed straight frustum of a cone and from the other end with an inwardly-directed straight frustum of a cone.

Abstract: A high voltage bushing is formed from a plurality of insulating layers. Conductive layers are interleaved with the insulating layers, and are electrically insulated from each other. The ends of the conductive layers are overlapped by stress grading layers, to minimize the electrical stress on the bushing.

Abstract: A voltage transformer for a metal encapsulated gas-filled high-voltage switching system which supplies high accuracy test values even under varying operating conditions of the switching system comprises an active capactive voltage divider in which a cylindrical test electrode and an associated counter electrode are attached by insulating elements to a flexurally rigid cylindrical support element in spaced relationship. In addition, each electrode is attached to the same annular face of the associated insulating element which partially abuts the cylindrical support element.

Abstract: A porcelain gas-filled bushing wherein a central conductor passes through a porcelain tube which is filled with an insulating gas, a fitting flange which is fastened to one end of the porcelain tube is grounded, and an electrode which encircles the central conductor at a predetermined spacing therefrom and which is covered with an insulating member is electrically connected with the fitting flange. Alternatively, several electrodes fitting within each other may be provided around the central conductor. In one embodiment the electrodes are conical and flare radially outwardly of said central conductor from a lower end toward an upper end thereof.

Abstract: A gas-insulated bushing including an insulating tube filled with an insulating gas, a central conductor centrally arranged within the insulating tube, and a capacitor unit connected to the central conductor and partitioning the interior of the insulating tube. The central conductor has an intermediate constriction to which the capacitor unit is connected and is formed of two connected conductor parts, at least one of which is terminally restricted to form the constriction. A pair of flanges is secured to the ends of respective of the conductor parts and connects the conductor parts at the constriction. A shield member is supported on one of the flanges and spaced apart from the conductor parts at the constriction in order to relieve the electric field at the constriction.

Abstract: The invention discloses resulting products and a method of producing high voltage resistant members employed in electrical installations such as bushings and insulators. The method comprises placing a sheath of unvulcanized elastomer on a core, which for example is a fiberglass rod, for example by extruding the sheath thereon, and mounting vulcanized sheds on the sheath therealong, then vulcanizing the sheath to form an integrated high voltage resistant member. The sheath is unvulcanized when the sheds are mounted thereon and then the sheath is heated to vulcanize it, in order to bond it to the sheds and to the core. The sheds also can be molded directly onto the sheath together therewith in steps along the length of the core. For producing a bushing, the sheath is placed on a core formed of a conductive stud wrapped with paper and metal foil and then impregnated with a suitable hardenable resin.

Abstract: A bushing for insulating a conductor in a high-voltage electrical transmission system is fabricated of paper and metallic foil disposed as coaxial layers about the conductor. At one end of the bushing, the paper is impregnated with oil. At the opposite end of the bushing, the paper is impregnated with a resin which cures to a solid form. The paper, oil and resin serve as electrical insulators, while the metallic foil serves to disperse uniformly the electric field. A mounting flange is positioned on an enclosing casing for setting the resin end of the bushing into the housing of an electrical apparatus to which the bushing may be mounted so as to prevent contamination of the interior of the housing with the oil.

Abstract: A bushing in which a conductor penetrates through the center of a porcelain tube of which the one end is closed, the other end of the porcelain tube is closed by a cone-shaped insulation spacer which protrudes into the porcelain tube and which also supports the conductor, a capacitor cone is disposed to surround the conductor and a predetermined portion of the insulation spacer in the porcelain tube, an insulating material is charged into the porcelain tube, the side opposite to the capacitor cone relative to the insulation spacer is coupled to a container which is filled with an insulating gas having a predetermined pressure and which accommodates electrical equipment, and the conductor is connected to the electrical equipment.

Abstract: An improved gas-insulated bushing having a high withstand voltage and an increased capacity to cool a conductor, wherein the upper end portion of a potential-controlling capacitor in the form of a stopped tube is directly airtightly fitted to the outer surface of the central conductor, thereby enlarging a distance between the capacitor and the inner wall of the porcelain insulator and elevating the withstand voltage of the bushing; an internal pipe open at the bottom is inserted into the central conductor; the upper portion of the internal pipe communicates with a cooling case provided at the top of the porcelain insulator; a cooling gas is circulated through a route consisting of the cooling case, a space defined between the outer wall of the internal pipe and the inner wall of the central conductor and the interior of the internal pipe; and a cooling mechanism completely separated from an insulation gas chamber is provided in the central conductor, thereby enabling a cooling gas having a higher cooling capa

Abstract: A prefabricated control element for high voltage apparatus, which can be slipped onto a bare or an insulated conductor, especially for fittings for high voltage cables, in the form of an electrical insulator, in which conductive layers which follow each other in the axial direction of the conductor are embedded, engaging each other, having the form of funnels and likewise consisting of elastic conductive material and having a wall thickness of 0.005 to 0.5 mm.In the manufacture of the control element, individual parts of the insulator are joined together with a material bond by means of the conductive layers which are made of a dispersion of carbon black enriched polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is a condenser-type electrical bushing having a mounting flange, an upper weather casing connected to the mounting flange, a central electrode and a lower casing, both supported by the upper weather casing. A condenser is wound about the central electrode. The bushing further has a plurality of wedging blocks which are rigidly connected to the condenser and located above the mounting flange such that upon mechanical failure of the upper weather casing the central electrode and the condenser are prevented from falling into the electrical apparatus.

Abstract: A high voltage insulating bushing is formed of wound insulating foils and is provided with conductive parts which are at different electrical potentials and with a wound insulating body arranged between the conductive parts. The wound insulating body contains potential control inserts which are formed of embossed electrically conductive foils, and which are impregnated with an insulating medium. The resulting embossed potential control inserts are mechanically more stable than known potential control inserts which are formed of smooth foils. In one embodiment, the embossed potential control inserts may be wound between adjacent layers of embossed insulating foils so as to facilitate the evacuation of air occluded in the winding and the complete permeation of the portion of the winding near the potential control inserts with the insulating medium.

Abstract: A high voltage insulating bushing formed of wound insulating foils is provided with a double layer material interposed between preselected windings of the insulating foils. The double layer material is formed of insulating material which has been laminated with an electrically conductive material, such as aluminum, and serves to advantageously distribute the electric field potential throughout the insulator body. The double layer material is arranged so that the electrically conductive material faces inwardly toward a longitudinal axis of the insulator body. The edges of a double layer foil which are near the outer surface of the insulator body are folded inward to form an edge wherein the electrically conductive material is enclosed within the insulating layer. In some embodiments, voids formed between the insulating foils and the folded edges of the double layer material are filled with an insulating medium, such as SF.sub.6 gas.

Abstract: A high voltage insulator bushing is formed of wound insulating foils and is provided with conductive parts which are at different electric potentials and with a wound insulator body arranged between the conductive parts. The wound insulator body contains layers of an embossed insulating foil which consists of a plastic material which shrinks above a predetermined temperature. The embossed insulating foil is subjected to a thermal shrinking treatment prior to being wound as part of the insulator body. Such preshrinking prevents further shrinkage which would occur when the high voltage bushing is operated. Smooth insulating foil may be wound as part of the insulator body so as to be interposed between the layers of the embossed insulating foil. The gaps and voids which are formed between the layers of insulating foils caused by the irregular surface of the embossed insulating foil are filled with an insulating medium.

Abstract: A condenser bushing comprising a condenser core formed by winding around a center electrode an insulating paper, an electrically conductive or semi-conductive linear electrode arranged at at least one of the side edge portions of the insulating paper, and a plurality of intermediate electrodes having end portions making contact with the linear electrodes and extending in a widthwise direction of the insulating paper, the intermediate electrodes being inserted between the insulating layers and being spaced apart from each other by a given distance.

Abstract: The invention discloses resulting products and a method of producing high voltage resistant members employed in electrical installations such as bushings and insulators. The method comprises placing a sheath of unvulcanized elastomer on a core, which for example is a fiberglass rod, for example by extruding the sheath thereon, and mounting at least partially vulcanized sheds on the sheath therealong, then vulcanizing the sheath to form an integrated high voltage resistant member. The sheath is unvulcanized when the sheds are mounted thereon and then the sheath is heated to vulcanize it, in order to bond it to the sheds and to the core. The sheds also can be molded directly onto the sheath together therewith in steps along the length of the core. For producing a bushing, the sheath is placed on a core formed of a conductive stud wrapped with paper and metal foil and then impregnated with a suitable hardenable resin.

Abstract: A method and means are disclosed for dissipating heat in a high voltage cable termination which includes a plurality of axially stacked annular capacitor elements disposed coaxially over the prepared end of a high voltage cable and disposed within an annular insulator so that a temperature gradient normally exists radially across the capacitor elements. A thermally and electrically conductive annular disc is interposed between each adjacent pair of stacked capacitors for dissipating heat from the area inwardly of the capacitors to the area outwardly thereof. The conductive discs enable a significantly greater increase in terminator ampacity, and may be employed in both AC and DC high voltage systems.

Abstract: Electrical bushing having a plurality of individual condenser modules coaxially enclosing an electrical conductor. The condenser modules are spaced apart to define a gap therebetween. Each condenser module includes a plurality of concentric, axially extending, electrically conductive layers. The axial spacing between the ends of corresponding conductive layers in adjacent, coaxial condenser modules is varied across the condenser modules in order to control the voltage gradient across the gap between the condenser modules and to provide uniform capacitance across the bushing.

Abstract: A high voltage terminal or connection to a high voltage conductor includes internal and external grading capacitor stacks which form a closed dielectric filled chamber. All of the foregoing provides uniform voltage distributions between various interfaces.

Abstract: An electrical feed through bushing for transformers multifunctionally uses the transformer coolant to cool the bushing conductor. The bushing is piped into the transformer oil heat exchanger.

Abstract: A gas filled bushing is disclosed as comprising an outer grounded shield, an inner grounded shield and an intermediate potential shield mounted on the inner grounded shield by means of an axial insulator and extending between the inner grounded shield and a central conductor. In a modified embodiment a plurality of intermediate potential shields are disposed concentrically between the central conductor and the inner grounded shield so as to more efficiently control the potential distribution along the outer surface of the bushing.

Abstract: An improved vapor-cooled terminal-bushing is provided for increased current-carrying capacity, such as 6,000 amperes, for example, in an oil-type circuit-breaker, being provided with a "dry" body portion, utilizing resinous materials, such as epoxy-resin formulations, for example.Preferably, the body portion of resinous materials, such as epoxy resin, for example, is composite, or of a two-piece construction, having an inner first epoxy-resin formulation having improved dielectric strength, and an outer-disposed externally-located "petticoat"-type insulating second body portion, having weather-sheds, the second weather-shed annular body portion being preferably cast directly onto the inner high-dielectric-strength first epoxy-body portion, and having some flexibility for adherence purposes.

Abstract: A combined current and voltage measuring apparatus for measuring voltage and current on a rod-shaped primary conductor for conducting current at an upper potential includes a cast resin body wherein there is embedded the sensor of a current measuring unit. The case resin body is arranged in surrounding relation to the primary conductor and, in addition to carrying the sensor, it is also utilized as dielectric for the upper potential capacitor of a voltage divider which supplies the amplifier of a capacitive voltage measuring unit. Embedded in the cast resin body is a cylindrical electrode which forms with the rod-shaped primary conductor extending through the electrode the capacitor on the high-voltage side of the capacitive voltage divider. The sensor of the current measuring unit contains a winding without a ferrous core which surrounds the outside of the cylindrical electrode.