Abstract: An insulator for electrically insulating an electrical conductor. The insulator includes a roll defining a central longitudinal through hole along a longitudinal axis of the insulator. The through hole is arranged for allowing an electrical conductor to pass there through. The insulator also includes at least one shed arranged on an outer surface of the roll. The shed includes a shed tip having an outer non-flat curvature defined by a plurality of different radii of curvature and including a most distal point of the shed. An end radius of curvature at the most distal point of the curvature is larger than a first radius of curvature at one side of the most distal point and a second radius of curvature at the other side of the most distal point.

Abstract: A printed wiring board includes an insulating layer, and a conductor layer including a solid layer and wirings. The solid layer has an opening part. The wirings are formed in the opening part. The opening part includes first and second opening parts. The wirings include first and second wirings. The first wiring has a first land, a first portion, and a second portion. The second wiring has a second land, a third portion, and a fourth portion extending in parallel to the second portion. A first boundary between the first and second portions is in the second opening part. The first portion is bending at the first boundary and increasing distance between the first and second wirings. A second boundary between the third and fourth portions is in the second opening part. The third portion is bending at the second boundary and increasing distance between the first and second wirings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for checking a discharge inception voltage of a dielectric material, a method for forming a displacement field on the dielectric materials comprising applying a voltage the same as or higher than the discharge inception voltage generated by an external field obtained from the above to the dielectric material to which electrodes are connected, a method for forming plasma on the surfaces of the dielectric material comprising injecting reaction gases and applying a voltage the same as or higher than the discharge inception voltage obtained above to the dielectric material to which electrodes are connected, a method for forming a displacement field on the entire surface of the dielectric material comprising applying a voltage the same as or higher than the discharge inception voltage obtained above to the dielectric material to which electrodes are connected, and a dielectric material which is modified, in which the surfaces thereof are treated with plasma by the methods

Abstract: A device for treating an exhaust gas containing particles includes: an exhaust gas line, an emission electrode and an electric supply line for the emission electrode. The electric supply line is at least partially surrounded by an electric insulator and the electric insulator has an outer diameter, the electric insulator extending from the exhaust gas line substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the exhaust gas line. The outer diameter measures at most 20 mm in the terminal region towards the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An electrical power transmission system includes electrical insulators arranged to electrically isolate live power lines. Surface reconditioning units are incorporated or integrated in the insulator structures. A sensor arrangement determines surface conditions of the electrical insulators in use to isolate live power lines. In response, the surface reconditioning units automatically recondition the surfaces of the in-service electrical insulators if appropriate for maintaining the electrical insulators in healthy state.

Abstract: An electrical power transmission system includes electrical insulators arranged to electrically isolate live power lines. Surface reconditioning units are incorporated or integrated in the insulator structures. A sensor arrangement determines surface conditions of the electrical insulators in use to isolate live power lines. In response, the surface reconditioning units automatically recondition the surfaces of the in-service electrical insulators if appropriate for maintaining the electrical insulators in healthy state.

Abstract: An integrated insulator sealing and shielding assembly includes a rubber housing having a plurality of radial weathersheds and a tapered end adjacent an endmost radial weathershed. A metal fitting is disposed adjacent to the endmost radial weathershed and receives the tapered end. A collar assembly is disposed at an upper end of the metal fitting and includes two apertures between an outer surface thereof and the rubber housing for receiving a sealant. At least one sealing surface, preferably four, is disposed between the collar assembly and a bottom end of the rubber housing for securing the connection therebetween.

Abstract: A wind driven cleaning ring apparatus for removing dirt on electrical insulators used in electric systems. The cleaning ring apparatus includes spaced apart bowl members supported on a cylindrical ring member by being sleeved over the ring member or formed integral therewith. The bowl members may be hemispherical or conical in shape and may be held spaced apart on the ring member by spherical or cylindrical beads. The bowl members may include a peripheral scraper edge. Spaced apart circular brushes and/or scraper members may be mounted on the ring member between respective ones of the bowl members.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a high-tension insulator including an elongated central solid or hollow body (1), a synthetic material shield layer (6) and one or more synthetic material weathersheds (3) by the following steps: applying said synthetic material shield layer (6) to said solid or hollow body by molding or extrusion; molding said synthetic material weathersheds (3); one of the synthetic materials of said shield layer (6) and the synthetic material of said weathersheds (3) being partly cross-linked and the other of said synthetic materials being at least partly cross-linked. locating said weathersheds (3) at a predetermined site on said shield layer (6); and totally cross-linking the thus formed blank of said high-tension insulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an outdoor termination for a high voltage cable, comprising an insulator body for receiving the high voltage cable; a filling compound provided within the insulator body and filling at least a portion of the space between the insulator body interior walls and the cable insulation; wherein said filling compound consists of a mixture of particles and an insulating compound; wherein said insulating compound is a crosslinked polymeric material with a DIN ISO hardness of 200 to 500 mm/10.

Abstract: A modular electrical power block assembly includes four ports for receiving up to four individual circuit modules to simultaneously provide up to four separate electrical circuits. The four electrical circuits are formed from eight separate conductors arranged such that each electrical circuit has a separate live conductor, two of the electrical circuits have a first common neutral and a first common ground conductor, and two of the electrical circuits have a second common neutral and a second common ground conductor. The individual circuit modules are selectively removable and insertable into the four ports to complete one or more of the four electrical circuits, at the selection of the user.

Abstract: In a high-voltage hollow insulator, which has an insulating body, with a hollow support element made of a thermosetting composition, and a potential control device, the potential control device is encapsulated with the thermosetting composition of the support element and at least partially encoiled with fibers. For production, a blank of the support element is formed from the potential control device and the still soft thermosetting composition in accordance with the filament-winding process and is heated and cured. The hollow insulator can be produced in a simple and low-cost way. The structural design of the potential control device is no longer bound to mechanical requirements or requirements necessary for installation.

Abstract: An assembly is provided having a core and a housing. The housing has an internal passageway extending from a first housing end to a second housing end for receiving the core. A coating of an uncured moisture activated material is disposed between the housing and the core. The coating cures upon reacting with moisture penetrating the housing to reseal the housing at a point of moisture penetration. The material cross-links in the presence of the moisture, thereby bonding with the moisture to prevent the moisture from contacting the core. The cured material is a rubber-like substance that adheres to the housing and to the core, thereby resealing the housing at the point of moisture penetration.

Abstract: A method of forming a polymer insulator is disclosed. The improvement includes the steps of: setting a formed body, having a construction such that a pre-form material is arranged around a rod and end caps are arranged at both end portions of the rod, between an upper die and a lower die, each die having cavities for forming sheds and sheath portions of the polymer insulator; and forming the sheds and the sheath portions of the polymer insulator by means of a compression forming by connecting the upper die and the lower die with compression pressure; wherein the end cap has a shape such that it is accommodated in the cavity for a shed formation.

Abstract: A composite insulator having a core member and a housing member integrally arranged around the core member, the housing member being constructed by a trunk portion and a shed portion, has a creepable distance extending means arranged on a lower plane of the shed portion. Moreover, a segment used for producing the composite insulator has a pair of segment molds detachably connected at a partition plane having a through-hole at its center portion through which the core member is arranged, an upper plane forming portion arranged at its one end surface for defining an upper plane of the shed portion, and a lower plane forming portion arranged at its other end surface for defining a lower plane of the shed portion; and a partition for forming the creepage distance extending means arranged at the lower plane forming portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a barrier for an insulator having a central portion or stem with a plurality of sheds extending therefrom. The barrier is, in use, located between adjacent sheds of the insulator and includes a sheet of dielectric material having one or more discontinuities in its surface. The discontinuities can be in the form of holes in the surface or in the form of a joint between cut edges of the barrier.

Abstract: A generally-planar polymeric protective shield (2) for mounting on a high voltage porcelain insulator (16) has circumferential and radial intersecting grooves (8,10) in its upper surface. The intersections are deepened to provide point projections (12) from the lower surface thereby to space the major portion of the shield (2) from the insulator (16). The convoluted upper surface of the shield (2) enhances the physical protection of the porcelain of the insulator (16).

Abstract: An electrical insulator comprising a cylindrical core (2) of an insulating refractory material, such as porcelain, onto a portion of the curved surface of which a sleeve (8) of insulating polymeric material is fitted. Metal end-caps (4), for electrically connecting the insulator, are fitted to the ends of the porcelain core such that there is an exposed portion (10) of the curved surface of the core between the sleeve and each end-cap. Thus, any damaging electrical activity which takes place at the metal end-caps is directed primarily onto the surface of the porcelain core (2), and not onto the surface of the electrically vulnerable polymeric sleeve (8), which serves to protect mechanically the relatively brittle porcelain core. Optionally, the polymeric sleeve (8) may have a convoluted or a shedded outer surface (12) to increase the leakage path length of the insulator, or to prevent the formation of a continuous moisture path, or both.

Abstract: A high voltage insulator has a polymeric core that forms a mechanical strength member and an outer covering of a heat-shrinkable polymeric tube that is electrically insulating and non-tracking and that has sheds on its outer surface.

Abstract: A high voltage porcelain insulator has a plurality of sheds extending laterally thereof at spaced apart locations therealong. The creepage path length of the shedded insulator is extended by mounting polymeric insulating creepage extenders on the porcelain sheds. The creepage extenders do not extend completely around the periphery of the sheds but leave a gap. Preferably the gaps of adjacent creepage extenders along the insulator are not aligned.

Abstract: A hermetic terminal for carrying electric current into the housing of a hermetic compressor, including a cup-shaped metallic body member having a plurality of metallic conductor pins extending therethrough which are electrically insulated from the body member by hermetic glass seals. The body member includes a closed end having an inwardly facing contoured end surface, to which a correspondingly contoured contacting surface of an electrically insulating cap member is secured by means of a uniform layer of electrically insulating bonding material therebetween. The pins extend through passages in the cap member, whereby the cap member defines an oversurface distance between the pins and the body member. A portion of the oversurface distance is protected from contaminants which the compressor housing by means of an annular gap between the outer periphery of the cap member and the sidewall of the body member, and by respective annular gaps between the pins and corresponding passages in the cap member.

Abstract: The insulative support bracket of a surge arrester includes a concentric annular concavity formed at one or both ends of a bolt hole. A washer, when pressed concentrically to the concavity, contacts the insulative bracket only, at least initially, at surfaces adjacent the outer diameter of the washer. An annular convexity, surrounding the concavity, will mate with the central portion of an external tooth lockwasher to prevent the full penetration of the teeth of the lockwasher into the insulative bracket. The ability of the insulative bracket to withstand the mechanical forces tansmitted to the insulative bracket by the washers is thereby enhanced. The concavity may be formed either in a surface of the insulative bracket or in a surface of the washer.

Abstract: The invention relates to high voltage suspension insulators of the single disc type and high voltage station post insulators consisting of unitary insulator sections. The insulator elements are designed so as to maximize the number of dry bands under adverse weather conditions thereby to maximize the total arc root resistance under arcing conditions so as to minimize the likelihood of flashover.

Abstract: An insulator housing comprising a resin bonded fibre tube carrying water repellent, spirally arranged inner sheds and water sheds made from strips of polymeric material provides improved outdoor electrical insulation. The insulator housing provides greater insulation performance per unit length of housing than prior art structures.

Abstract: The disclosed anticorrosive insulator has an insulator body with a shed radially extending from a central core thereof and a metal cap cemented to the core of the insulator body so as to cover the core. A gap of 2-10 mm is provided between the lower end of the metal cap and the upper surface of the shed. A recess may be formed on the lower end of the cementing agent layer between the metal cap and the core of the insulator body, which recess extends away from the upper surface of the shed.

Abstract: The disclosed insulator has one or more sheds integrally formed with the central core so that each shed extends radially outward from the core. Each shed has an annular rib extending downward from the lower surface thereof, and the lower edge of the rib extends outwardly with respect to the central core.

Abstract: An electrical insulator (1) of the type comprising at least one dielectric (2) and an iron or steel cap (3) fixed axially on the dielectric has a device for protecting the cap against corrosion as well as electric arcs. In one embodiment (FIGS. 1-3), the protection device comprises a zinc or aluminum part (10) shaped as a dish with a center hole (11) and outlet holes (12) for the egress of rainwater. The outside wall (13) of the part (10) curves upwardly toward the cap (3) and a portion of the part (10) is disposed between the base (6) of the cap (3) and the outer surface (7) of the dielectric (2). In another embodiment (FIG. 4), the protection device comprises a solid body of revolution (30) of semi-toroidal shape which is formed of zinc or aluminum and is cast directly around the base (6) of the cap (3) and has a thin flange extending between the base (6 )of the cap (3) and the outer surface (7) of the dielectric (2).

Abstract: A high-voltage insulator which is suitable for use in chambers carrying gas highly charged with solid particles and is used particularly in electrostatic filters used for cleaning an exhaust gas derived from internal combustion engines used to drive motor vehicles. The high-voltage insulator is columnar in structure, having shield-like ribs succeeding one another at intervals, adjacent to each of which in the insulator is one recess. With the remaining insulator parts having a smaller diameter, this recess forms a sharp edge, which defines discharge paths toward the flank of the shield-like ribs. Inside these paths, the insulator is kept free of soot coatings or conductive coatings, so that the insulator itself offers high resistance to leakage currents, which would cause insupportable power losses.

Abstract: An electrical insulator offering reduced sensitivity to pollution comprises a body of a glass or porcelain dielectric material with a semiconductor outside coating. This coating mainly consists of zinc oxide with at least one further metal oxide added to it to make its voltage-current characteristic non-linear, such that I=kV.sup..alpha. where I is current, V is voltage, k and .alpha. are coefficients, and the value of .alpha. is between 20 and 50. The coating is between 0.05 and 0.5 mm thick. The further metal oxide is advantageously selected from bismuth, manganese, cobalt, chromium and antimony oxides.

Abstract: An electrolytic corrosion resistant insulator includes an insulator body having a cavity therein and a metallic pin having a portion located within the cavity and secured therein by cement. A sacrificial anode surrounds the pin at an intermediate portion thereof and protrudes radially from the pin. Part of the sacrificial anode is covered by the cement. An electric insulating film of a synthetic resin is lamination-attached to the pin and covers substantially the entire outer surface of the portion of the pin which is secured within the cavity by the cement. The electric insulating film also covers approximately half of the upper portion of the sacrificial anode. The electric insulating film is free from pin holes and has a thickness between 200 and 600 micrometers.

Abstract: An insulator arrangement which may be employed, for example, on a capacitive protective fence comprises three principal elements:(1) an insulator, made of ceramic or plastic, having at least one ring-shaped recess arranged on its bottom to form a long path for leakage current;(2) a mounting bracket extending axially downward from the bottom of the insulator which has fastening means on its free end for securing an electric wire; and(3) a metal cup mounted over the insulator to protect it from the environment. A mounting element consisting of two arms forming a U-shaped configuration is arranged on the metal cup to facilitate mounting on a fence post.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a direct current electrical insulator with improved glaze to pin electrical connection. A suitably contoured porcelain insulator shell is coated with a conventional non-conductive glaze and has a metal cap and a metal pin each situated at a surface of the insulator shell opposite to the other. The insulator shell forms a recess to receive the pin and Portland cement is poured therein for mechanically securing the pin in the insulator shell. A phenolic polymer composition is applied to cover the surface of the Portland cement to connect the pin for non-ionic current flow to the glaze and thus to accommodate passage of leakage current in a manner that generally prevents electrochemical corrosion of an anodic pin with attendant cracking of the porcelain insulator.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches an electrical insulator with improved glaze to pin electrical connection. A suitably contoured porcelain insulator shell is coated with a semiconductive glaze and has a metal cap and a metal pin each situated at a surface of the insulator shell opposite to the other. The insulator shell forms a recess to receive the pin and Portland cement is poured therein for mechanically securing the pin embedded in the insulator shell. A phenolic polymer composition is applied to cover the surface of the Portland cement to connect the pin electrically to the glaze and thus to accommodate passage of leakage current.

Abstract: An electrical insulator for use in dirty or wet environments. The insulator has a substantially cylindrical outer peripheral surface upon which is disposed a plurality of water-repellent oil-bleeding insulation bonds formed of a silicone rubber containing a water-repellent silicone oil. The bands are fitted onto the insulator surface so that they extend perpendicular, parallel or oblique to the longitudinal axis of the insulator. The bands each may be in the form of a hollow belt with a clamp band passing through the interior thereof for clamping the belt to the outer peripheral surface of the insulator.

Abstract: An arrangement for preventing the formation of a layer of foreign material on a high-voltage insulator. In situations where wind and rain are not available to clean a high-voltage insulator and thereby prevent arcing, this invention provides blowers which move a stream of air around the insulator. The blowers may be provided with motors which are supplied electrical energy from local low-voltage networks, or from a plurality of solar cells which are disposed on grounded parts of the support structure of the power line network. In some embodiments, the blowers may be of a motorless type and mounted directly on a high-voltage carrying conductor. In such a motorless blower arrangement, the blower blade is configured so as to have points which generate and repel ions in accordance with the known point-effect principle.

Abstract: The invention relates to line insulators made of organic material. Such an insulator comprises a bar (7) of high tensile strength, a protective sheath (8) made of an elastomer material, a plurality of fins (4) and an anchor fitting (2) at each end. In accordance with the invention, at least one inner part of the insulator is semiconductive along the whole length which separates the anchor fittings (2); this part may be constituted either by the sheath (8) itself or by the bar (7) and the bedding material in said fittings. Application, in particular, to line insulators intended for use in highly polluted zones.

Abstract: A temperature control system and method for controlling the bus bar temperature of an automated guideway transit system in relation to the ambient dew point temperature. A resistance temperature device detects the temperature of the bus bars, and a dew point cell detects the dew point temperature of the ambient atmosphere. A first transmitter converts the detected bus bar temperature to a first electrical signal, and then amplifies and transmits the first electrical signal. A second transmitter converts the detected dew point temperature to a second electrical signal, and then amplifies and transmits the second electrical signal. A first electronic comparator receives the transmitted signals and detects the magnitude of the difference between the two signals. When the magnitude of the difference between the two signals reaches a set level, an output signal is triggered.

Abstract: A mounting assembly (12) for suspending an electrically conductive support frame for high-voltage electrodes (10) in an electrostatic precipitator comprises an electrical insulator (20) secured to a roof portion (13) of the precipitator and a fastening means for securing the support frame to the insulator (20). The insulator (20) has a bore therethrough, and is positioned circumjacent an aperture in the roof portion (13). The fastening means includes a rod (23), the lower end of which is attached to a horizontal member (11) of the support frame and the upper end of which extends through the bore of the insulator (20). The upper end of the rod (23) is secured to an annular member (25), which bears against a top portion of the insulator (20) to support the weight of the support frame and of the high-voltage electrodes (10) attached thereto.

Abstract: A grounded hollow cylindrical housing filled with SF.sub.6 encircles coaxially a rod-shaped electric conductor through a plurality of spaced, electrically insulating spacers. With the housing disposed horizontally, two spaced, hollow frustoconical dielectric members are connected to the inner surface of the housing adjacent to either surface of each spacer to overlap the latter. With the housing disposed vertically, a disc-shaped dielectric member fixedly extends through the conductor to be adjacent and overlap each spacer. Further, an annular dielectric member may be connected to the inner surface of the housing between the disc-shaped dielectric member and the spacer. The dielectric member is preferably of a poly-tetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrical terminal unit adapted for supporting an electrical circuit element, for example, a moisture responsive resistor or the like and a sensing device employing this terminal unit. The terminal unit makes the influence of the reduction in insulation resistance between the terminals due to adhesion of pollutants to the terminal unit negligible by providing a grounded electrically conductive member or electrode member between the conductive terminal leads extending through a base or substrate of the terminal unit for electrically separating these terminal leads.

Abstract: A rod-type insulator is provided with the optimum withstand voltage characteristics under a contaminated condition by selecting the ratio of the leakage distance per shed to the shed pitch to be between 3.8 and 5.0 and also selecting 4.5.ltoreq.l/p.ltoreq.6.0, where p is the distance between the adjoining sheds, i.e., the distance between a given point on the lower surface of one shed and another given point on the upper surface of the other opposing shed, and l is the leakage distance between the two points.

Abstract: A suspension insulator having an improved direct current withstand voltage against contamination is provided. The insulator can be obtained by limiting both of the ratio of the surface leakage distance to the shed diameter, and the rib factor to specifically limited values in the ordinary suspension insulator mainly comprising a disk-shaped shed made of an insulating material, a metal cap and a metal pin, said shed being provided at its lower surface with a plurality of ribs arranged concentrically.

Abstract: Optimized shielding configurations for longitudinally extended tiered insulators for electric power equipment is described. An insulator comprises a central core with a plurality of annular shields and radial partitions defining convoluted paths between the environment and the surface of the central core. An optimizing relationship of core diameter, tier separation, free path length and total path length between the outer surface and the inner core is disclosed for constructing insulators with maximum lifetime in contaminated environments. Selected generalized insulator configurations are disclosed which embody the invention. Also embodied in the invention is the addition of molecular sieve, insulating grease, or adhesives on the outer edges or lips to sorb out contaminants before they can reach the inner insulating surfaces.

Abstract: An insulator bushing for high d-c voltage input to be used in an electric precipitator, etc. is designed to internally produce jet flows of sealing gas covering the insulator member. While ingress of dust-laden gas passing through the precipitator into the bushing is thereby prevented thus keeping the interior of the bushing clean, the necessary quantity of sealing gas to be supplied can be economically reduced.

Abstract: An improved linear or rod insulator for electrically insulating a first electrical potential from a second electrical potential. The improved linear insulator comprising a nonconductive cylindrical linear core member having a conductive first mounting means secured to a first end of the core member and a conductive second mounting means secured to the second end of the core member. The first and second mounting means being attached to a first and a second electrical potential, respectively. The improved linear insulator further comprising a plurality of nonconducting disc shaped toroidal sheds coaxially secured to said core member, and a plurality of conducting bowl shaped toroidal shields coaxially secured to said core member and positioned alternatingly with said sheds so that each of said sheds is located intermediate two of said shields.

Abstract: An electrical insulator having a semi-conducting glaze, in which the region between an insulating body whose surface is coated with a semi-conducting glaze, and metal fittings, is filled with a conductive cement composition. The conductive cement composition contains 0.75-3.0 parts by weight of carbon black per each 100 parts by weight of Portland cement and has a high mechanical strength and a low volume resistivity.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an insulator means for electrostatic precipitators wherein a column is centrally supported on a base structure above which a plurality of concentric generally cylindrical and circular in cross section discharge electrodes are electrically coupled to and suspended from radially disposed arms supported on said column; said discharge electrodes being adapted to operate between respectively circular in cross section collector electrodes; said arms being supported on said column by means of a hollow insulator having a bore therethrough and a high voltage conductor extends upwardly through said bore of said hollow insulator; said conductor being electrically coupled with said arms; and grease like dielectric material packed in said bore of said insulator and surrounding said conductor therein; and a sheath surrounding said conductor and disposed between said conductor and said grease like dielectric material; the disclosure also relating to means for mechanically coupling said insulator to

Abstract: An insulator having a central portion or stem and one or more sheds is provided with a barrier over at least one of the sheds whereby a substantial improvement in withstanding flashover is obtained yet significant damage to the surface of the insulator is avoided. The barrier comprises a sheet of dielectric material positioned over the upper surface of a shed but spaced away therefrom, the sheet extending radially outwardly to overhang the periphery of the shed. The barrier is furthermore spaced radially away from the central portion or stem of the insulator over at least a substantial part of the inner periphery of the barrier. The barrier may be made of rigid material, for example, constructed from a plurality of sectors but is preferably made from a flexible material so that it can be fitted around an existing conventional insulator. The underside of the barrier is preferably provided with a number of projections for spacing it away from the upper surface of the shed.

Abstract: An improved insulator of the type having a dielectric body with a mounting pin below and a mounting cap above, where the mounting cap is capable of receiving and holding the mounting pin, and wherein the improvement comprises an upper metallic bowl-shaped member to dissipate high electric field concentrations and to protect the insulator from contamination, and a lower metallic member to dissipate high electric field concentrations. The insulator is adapted to be linked together with like insulators to form a chain of insulators.

Abstract: A cement for mechanically and electrically joining metal hardware to an insulator shell having a semiconducting surface is made conductive by having graphite fibres and carbon black particles admixed therein.