Abstract: A hole opener configured for use with a directional drilling rig and the hole opener includes a shaft and slots that extends along the shaft. Blades extend radially outward from the shaft and are each received within one of the slots to couple the blades to the shaft for rotation with the shaft and to space the blades apart around the shaft. The hole opener further includes saddles. Each of the saddles includes a slot that receives one of the blades to couple the saddle to the blade and the shaft for rotation with the blade and the shaft. The saddles each include a recess. The hole opener further includes cutters and each of the cutters is received within one of the recesses of the saddles to couple the cutters to the shaft for rotation with the shaft and to space the cutters around the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

Abstract: A raise boring head for rotary boring in rock having a main body mountable at a drive shaft in which a mount face provides a supporting surface for a plurality of saddles that mount, in turn, respective roller cutters. At least one guide block is attached to the main body to project upwardly from the mount face and includes at least one guide face to facilitate the transport of cut material away from the mount face.

Abstract: A roller cutter unit is mountable at a cutting head of undercutting mining machines. The cutter unit includes an elongate mount shaft to position and support a cutter ring. The cutter ring is secured to the mount shaft via a bracket having a wedge segment configured to be wedged axially and radially between the cutter ring and the shaft. Accordingly, a mounting mechanism is provided to achieve a desired force transmission pathway from the cutter ring into the shaft so as to maximize the locking action of the cutter ring at the cutter unit.

Abstract: An underreamer tool for use in a wellbore of an oil or gas well and a method of actuation. In an embodiment, the underreamer tool has body having a longitudinal axis and a fluid conduit, a tool element and an actuation device configured to urge the tool element relative to the body from a first configuration into a second configuration. In this embodiment, a portion of the tool has a curved actuation surface and as the tool element is urged across the curved actuation surface, the tool element is moved radially with respect to the body of the tool. Typically, the actuation device may include a piston driven by pressure of fluid circulated through the fluid flow conduit.

Abstract: A reamer for use in underground drilling back-reaming operations. The reamer comprises a body comprising a plurality of pockets. The pockets are configured such that an arm, a rolling cutter, and a retainer may fit within each of the pockets. Each of the rolling cutters is connected to each of the arms via a spindle. The rolling cutters are held on the spindle and connected to each of the pockets via a retainer. Each of the arms are secured to each of the pockets via a plurality of fasteners. A mechanical lock is used to secure at least one of the fasteners in place. Each of the arms comprise a grease passage and a pressure compensation system. The rolling cutters are replaceable with rolling cutters of like size or rolling cutters of different sizes and shapes.

Abstract: A joint connecting a pair of members rotatable about a common axis end to end includes a first member having a threaded end portion and a non-circular exterior surface rearwardly of the threaded end portion, a second member having a threaded socket wherein the threaded end portion of the second member can be engaged, and a non-circular exterior surface, a ground engagement sleeve having a non-circular profile on an inner surface thereof whereby the sleeve can be slidably mounted on the non-circular exterior profiles of the first and second members when such profiles are brought into alignment by rotation of one member relative to the other in a manner effective to pass torque from one member to the other by means of the non-circular profiles, a first pair of alignable holes in the sleeve and first member to receive a fastener to secure the sleeve to the first member and a hole in the second member penetrating the threaded socket and positioned to receive a fastener to secure the second member to a third membe

Abstract: An expandable reamer apparatus and stabilizer sub having at least one rib thereon attached thereto for drilling a subterranean formation.

Abstract: The Smart Reamer® Tool, Apparatus or Method is used to underream an oil or natural gas well while interlinked calipers and calibration sensors simultaneously record data relating to the geometry of the drilling operation (well diameter, diameter of the underreamed zone) and drilling fluid properties (density). Further sensors provide data on the relative position of the cutting and stabilizing blocks. Other sensors measure vibration data. All the sensors are interlinked by means of microprocessors which compare and correlate said data to automatically verify and deliver a desired wellbore diameter without the need to unnecessarily stop drilling or trip out of the hole.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and tool assemblies for distributing weight between a bit and a reamer device are disclosed. For example, at least one of the drill bit and the reamer may be configured to selectively distribute a weight-on-bit between the drill bit and the reamer, such as within a predetermined range. Additionally, methods of drilling wellbores may include selectively distributing a weight-on-bit applied to a bottom hole assembly between a drill bit and a reamer of the bottom hole assembly. Also, a reamer may be configured to exhibit a first maximum rate-of-penetration into a relatively hard formation, and a drill bit may be configured to exhibit a second maximum rate-of-penetration into a relatively soft formation that is less than the first maximum rate-of-penetration.

Abstract: A reamer bit for use in earth boring operations comprising a body, four cutter mounts, rolling cutters on each mount, and cutting elements disposed on each cutter arranged so adjacent cutting swaths formed by the bit are created by cutting elements on cones of oppositely disposed cutter mounts. The swaths are generally curvilinear, wherein the outermost swaths are formed by cutting element rows on the outer portion of the cutters. The reamer bit can further comprise a pilot bit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling deviations during drilling operations include securing a plurality of stabilizers to a lower portion of a drill string. The stabilizers can have a substantially triangular cross-sectional area oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drill string, and a plurality of blades secured to the stabilizer at points associated with corners of the triangular cross-sectional area. The resulting system can exhibit improved stability and stiffness, an improved flow area, a reduced annular velocity, an increased penetration rate, and a longer usable life.

Abstract: A boring tool having downhole hammered impact elements that present to the bore face from platforms or plateaux of the work face of the tool, such work face having shear cutters able to benefit over the bore face from disruption caused by the impact elements.

Abstract: A raise boring reamer assembly includes a saddle, and a journal assembly carried by the saddle. The journal assembly includes nose and gage shanks, and a cutter is carried by the journal assembly. Nose and gage wiper rings are positioned proximate to the nose and gage shanks, respectively. The nose and gage wiper rings move debris in opposed directions in response to the rotation of the cutter.

Abstract: A roller reamer includes a roller assembly deployed in a corresponding axial recess in a tool body. The roller assembly is retained in the axial recess via compound wedging action provided by at least one retention assembly. One or more embodiments utilize first and second retention assemblies located at first and second axially opposed end portions of the roller assembly. The retention assembly includes first and second wedges, the first of which converts a substantially radially directed force to an axially directed force and the second of which converts the axially directed force to a cross-axially directed retention force that retains the roller assembly in the axial recess.

Abstract: Exemplary drill tools for placement in a drill string may include a body; a plurality of reamer cutters; and a plurality of ball and socket connectors configured to attach the plurality of reamer cutters to the body. Each of the plurality of reamer cutters may be replaceable by removing at least one of the plurality of ball and socket connectors from the reamer body. Each of the ball and socket connectors may be attached to the reamer body with bolts. Each of the ball and socket connectors may include titanium dioxide and/or titanium carbide coatings where the connectors interface with the reamer cutters.

Abstract: A hole opener having a hybrid reaming section for reaming subterranean wellbores may include a tubular reamer body having a longitudinal axis and upper and lower ends, a rolling cutter mount coupled to the body, a rolling cutter rotatably coupled to the mount, and a fixed blade coupled to the body adjacent the mount. A method of forming a hybrid reamer tool for downhole use may include providing a tubular stem having couplers on the upper and lower ends, coupling a reamer body having an outer periphery to the stem between the stem upper and lower ends, coupling a rolling cutter mount to the outer periphery of the reamer body, the mount having a rolling cutter rotatably coupled thereto, and coupling a fixed blade to the outer periphery of the reamer body adjacent the rolling cutter mount.

Abstract: A reamer includes a mandrel defining a mandrel axis and arms extending radially from the mandrel. Each arm has a proximal end and a distal end. The reamer includes a cutting head disposed on the distal end of each arm and cutting teeth disposed on each cutting head. The cutting heads are arcuately spaced about the central mandrel to allow the movement of debris axially along the central mandrel and at least one of the arms defines a square cross-sectional shape.

Abstract: A backreamer includes a distal end configured for connection to product and a proximal end configured for attachment to a distal end of a drill string. The backreamer includes a backreaming cutter having a cutting side that faces toward the proximal end of the backreamer. The backreamer also includes a proximal assembly that extends between the proximal end of the backreamer and the backreaming cutter. The proximal assembly defines a vacuum passage for removing material cut by the backreaming cutter. The backreamer further includes a drive stem for transferring torque to the backreaming cutter for rotating the backreaming cutter. The drive stem is rotatably supported within the proximal assembly such that the drive stem and the backreaming cutter are rotatable relative to the proximal assembly. The backreamer additionally includes a distal assembly that extends between the backreaming cutter and the distal end of the backreamer.

Abstract: The Smart Reamer® Tool, Apparatus or Method is used to underream an oil or natural gas well while interlinked calipers and calibration sensors simultaneously record data relating to the geometry of the drilling operation (well diameter, diameter of the underreamed zone) and drilling fluid properties (density). Further sensors provide data on the relative position of the cutting and stabilizing blocks. Other sensors measure vibration data. All the sensors are interlinked by means of microprocessors which compare and correlate said data to automatically verify and deliver a desired wellbore diameter without the need to unnecessarily stop drilling or trip out of the hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to downhole tools, and in particular an underreamer tool for use in a wellbore of an oil or gas well and a method of actuation. In an embodiment, the underreamer tool has body having a longitudinal axis and a fluid conduit, a tool element and an actuation device configured to urge the tool element relative to the body from a first configuration into a second configuration. In this embodiment, a portion of the tool has a curved actuation surface and as the tool element is urged across the curved actuation surface, the tool element is moved radially with respect to the body of the tool. Typically, the actuation device may include a piston driven by pressure of fluid circulated through the fluid flow conduit.

Abstract: Systems for controlling deviations during drilling operations, including a transmission housing and a bearing assembly secured between a stator housing and a drill bit. Two stabilizers are secured to the transmission housing, and one stabilizer is secured to the bearing assembly to provide enhanced stability to the lower portion of the drill string. The stabilizers can have a triangular shaped body for increasing flow area, reducing annular velocity, and increasing stiffness of the system. The stabilizers can be rotationally offset from one another to facilitate maintaining the gauge of the borehole. The transmission housing can be a one-piece construction to minimize connections within the system and improve reliability. The stabilizers can include laser clad metal surfaces and diamond dome inserts to prevent wear and erosion. A triangular reamer can be included beneath the stabilizers to further prevent wear to the stabilizers and to add stability to the drill bit.

Abstract: A drilling tool has a body with a main drilling region and a pilot drilling region, eccentric to the main drilling region. The main drilling region has main blades and the pilot drilling region has pilot blades. The main drilling region has a main pass-through diameter, centered upon a first axis, one of the main blades extending to the main pass-through diameter, the pilot region having a pilot gauge diameter, centered upon a second axis of rotation at least one of the pilot blades extending to the pilot gauge diameter, wherein part of a circle of diameter equal to the pilot gauge diameter and centered upon the second axis of rotation extends outside of a circle of diameter equal to the main pass-through diameter and centered upon the first axis.

Abstract: A reamer bit for use in earth boring operations comprising a body, cutter mounts having rolling cutters on the bit body, and stabilizers pads on the body placed between adjacent cutter mounts. The reamer may further include a pilot bit on a drill pipe extending downward from the reamer body. The reamer bit outer periphery with its stabilizers and bit body has a radial profile approximating a circle thereby reducing dynamic perturbations during drilling operations.

Abstract: A reamer for underground boring is provided. The reamer includes at least: (a) a center mandrel, wherein the center mandrel defines a mandrel axis; (b) a plurality of radial members extending radially from the center mandrel; (c) a plurality of cutting heads, wherein each of the cutting heads: (i) is supported by at least one of the radial members; (ii) is arcuately spaced-apart around the center mandrel from the other cutting heads; (iii) has a rounded surface; and (d) a plurality of cutting teeth on the rounded surface of each of the cutting heads. A method of horizontal drilling with the reamer is also provided.

Abstract: A reamer bit for use in earth boring operations comprising a body, mounting elements on the bit body having rolling cutters, and nozzles configured to emit a cleaning spray that is angled with respect to the well bottom. The cleaning spray may be angled up to about 20° with respect to the well bottom. The reamer may further include a pilot bit on a drill pipe extending downward from the reamer body.

Abstract: Reamer elements for use with roller reamers and other types of reamer apparatuses, methods for forming such reamer elements, and methods for performing drilling operations using such reamer elements are disclosed. The reamer element includes a body formed from a matrix of tungsten carbide and at least one binding metal, and can include a tube disposed therethrough. In use, the body resists compressive forces, while the tube resists tensile forces, thereby preventing deformation of the reamer element. The matrix material of the body provides increased wear resistance, decreased magnetic interference, decreased yield, and increased weight on a drill bit when compared to conventional steel components.

Abstract: A casing end tool has a bowl-like (or cup-like) body defined by a wall having an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface opposite of the outer convex surface. The bowl-like body has a center axis. The inner concave surface is non-axisymmetric with respect to the center axis, while the outer convex surface is axisymmetric with respect to the center axis. The non-axisymmetric configuration is provided in one implementation through the presence of a set of raised boss or land structures formed on the inner concave surface.

Abstract: A wired reamer for use on a downhole drillstring is disclosed. In some embodiments, the reamer includes a reamer body comprising a pathway therethrough and wiring located within the pathway for transmitting at least one of power or communications. In other embodiments, the reamer includes a reamer body comprising a pathway enclosed within the reamer body, wiring located within the pathway for transmitting at least one of power or communications, a sensor and a processor located within the reamer body. The sensor is connected with the wiring for transmitting data measured by the sensor through the wiring, and the processor is connected with the wiring for receiving the data from the sensor.

Abstract: A downhole seal comprises a seal body having a swellable material configured to swell upon exposure to a swelling activator to establish a seal within a wellbore, and at least one protection element configured to protect at least a portion of the seal body when the downhole seal is translated within a wellbore. The protection element defines a reaming element configured to ream a portion of the wellbore while the downhole seal is translated therethrough.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a backreamer including a distal end configured for connection to product and a proximal end configured for attachment to a distal end of a drill string. The backreamer includes a backreaming cutter having a cutting side that faces toward the proximal end of the backreamer. The backreamer also includes a proximal assembly that extends between the proximal end of the backreamer and the backreaming cutter. The proximal assembly defines a vacuum passage for removing material cut by the backreaming cutter. The backreamer further includes a drive stem for transferring torque to the backreaming cutter for rotating the backreaming cutter. The drive stem is rotatably supported within the proximal assembly such that the drive stem and the backreaming cutter are rotatable relative to the proximal assembly. The backreamer additionally includes a distal assembly that extends between the backreaming cutter and the distal end of the backreamer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a tunneling apparatus including a pipe string having a distal end and a proximal end. The pipe string includes a plurality of pipe-sections connected end-to end. The pipe string also includes a cutting head coupled to a distal-most one of the pipe-sections. The pipe string defines a vacuum passage that extends through the pipe string from the proximal end to the distal end of the pipe string. A source of vacuum is in fluid communication with the vacuum passage for drawing cuttings through the vacuum passage. A blockage sensor can be used for sensing whether a precursor blockage condition exists within the vacuum passage. A source of air pressure can be used to force air distally through the pipe string to assist in moving cuttings proximally through the vacuum passage.

Abstract: An apparatus for a drilling tool includes a pilot drilling bit, a reamer, and a pilot body which is disposed to support the reamer and the pilot drilling bit at the end of a casing tube. The reamer includes a closed position in which the parts of the tool are concentric with one another and displaceable through the casing tube, and an open position in which at least a part of the reamer is located radially outside the casing tube. The pilot body includes a male portion which extends through the reamer, the male portion of the pilot body forming a cam surface for transferring rotation energy to the reamer and for switching the reamer between the closed and open positions, and the male portion of the pilot body being insertable in a recess in the pilot drilling bit.

Abstract: A reamer for underground boring is provided. The reamer includes at least: (a) a center mandrel, wherein the center mandrel defines a mandrel axis; (b) a plurality of radial members extending radially from the center mandrel; (c) a plurality of cutting heads, wherein each of the cutting heads: (i) is supported by at least one of the radial members; (ii) is arcuately spaced-apart around the center mandrel from the other cutting heads; (iii) has a rounded surface; and (d) a plurality of cutting teeth on the rounded surface of each of the cutting heads. A method of horizontal drilling with the reamer is also provided.

Abstract: A reamer bit for use in earth boring operations comprising a body, cutter mounts having rolling cutters on the bit body, and stabilizers pads on the body placed between adjacent cutter mounts. The reamer may further include a pilot bit on a drill pipe extending downward from the reamer body. The reamer bit outer periphery with its stabilizers and bit body has a radial profile approximating a circle thereby reducing dynamic perturbations during drilling operations.

Abstract: A reamer bit for use in earth boring operations comprising a body, mounting elements on the bit body having rolling cutters, and nozzles configured to emit a cleaning spray that is angled with respect to the well bottom. The cleaning spray may be angled up to about 20° with respect to the well bottom. The reamer may further include a pilot bit on a drill pipe extending downward from the reamer body.

Abstract: A drill bit assembly for direct removal of rock with a rotatable bit assembly (5) that includes a plurality of cutters or choppers (7). According to the invention, an number of cutters (7) are so disposed in relation to each other or the bit assembly (5) that a subsequent cutter (7b), seen in the direction of rotation, will engage an edge created by the action of preceding cutter (7a).

Abstract: An arrangement for replenishing lubricating grease in drill cutters (3) that include a conical outer barrel (7) which is rotatable about a shaft (5) disposed centrally in the cutter, wherein there is provided in the cutter shaft (5) a passageway (16) that extends along the shaft from the cutter end of largest diameter and that connects with a transverse passageway (18) which opens into a bearing-accommodating space (13) in the cutter for delivering lubricating grease to the space (13), and wherein a lubricating nipple (19) is provided on the cutter end wall of largest diameter and functions to allow lubricating grease to be released from the bearing-accommodating space (13).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for creating a reamed hole below the surface are disclosed. The reaming apparatus is arranged to be connected to one or more boring stems and has an interior section and an exterior section. The interior section is rotatable independently of the exterior section. Reamed holes of various cross-sections can be produced by appropriate selection of the cross-section of the exterior section.

Abstract: The invention relates to well reamer for borehole reaming within a specified interval. The well reamer has a housing with inclined slots, radial holes and a central straight-through channel, in which a spring-loaded rod with holes in the upper and lower parts is located. The upper holes of the rod are covered when the operating elements are extended into an operating position. A plurality of legs, including cutters rotatably supported on the legs, are moved by pistons between an operating position and a transport position along the inclined slots. Free-ends of the pistons may be connected to the rod by sliders, which are movable radially into openings in the rod to connect the rod to the pistons to move the rod with the legs.

Abstract: A downhole tool that functions as an underreamer or as a stabilizer in an underreamed borehole. The tool includes one or more moveable arms disposed within a body having a flowbore therethrough in fluid communication with the wellbore annulus. The tool alternates between collapsed and expanded positions in response to differential fluid pressure between the flowbore and the wellbore annulus. In one embodiment, the tool moves automatically in response to differential pressure. In a second embodiment, the tool must be selectively actuated before it is moveable. The tool may include borehole engaging pads that comprise cutting structures or wear structures or both, depending upon the function of the tool.

Abstract: A pipe bursting system of the invention operates by compaction rather than by reaming. The system includes a conventional directional boring machine, a drill string, and a pipe burster attached to the terminal end of the drill string. A pipe burster according to the invention includes a frame having a front connecting portion configured for connection to a drill string that can pull and rotate the frame about an axis of rotation, at least two axles mounted on the frame, and rollers mounted on each axle. Each roller has a curved outer surface forwardly inclined towards the axis of rotation of the frame, whereby rotation of the frame about its axis of rotation results in rotation of the rollers when the curved outer surfaces of the rollers engage a cylindrical inner surface of a pipe being burst.

Abstract: A hole opener (10) having a tubular body (11) with threaded ends (12, 14) for connection in a drill string. The hole opener provides slots or grooves (21, 21′) along its longitudinal axis (16) into which are inserted cutter arm support members (30, 30′, 60, 60′) which may be screwed, (43) pinned (68) or bolted (168) to the body (11) to permit easy replacement of the support arms (30). The grooves (21, 21′) in the body (11) of the hole opener (10) also provide a spindle (20) spatially aligned with the groove (21, 21′) to support the proximal end of a rotatable journal body (28) supporting the cutter body (25) providing hard facing for grinding of the bore hole to be enlarged. The support arms (30) at their distal end provide further support for the cutter journals (70). The hole opener (10) also may provide pressure compensated lubrication mechanism (71) to provide grease to the bearing surfaces to increase their service life and thereby extend the useful life of the tool.

Abstract: A hole opener for use in the Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Industry is provided having an interchangeable sleeve reamer. The hole opener is in the form of a three-piece tool comprising a top shaft member, an interchangeable sleeve member and a bottom sub member, the interchangeable sleeve member being configured to be securely and removably mounted onto the top shaft member such that is does not rotate freely about the axis of the shaft member. In one embodiment, the bottom sub member also is interchangeable with other bottom sub members.

Abstract: A hole opener for enlarging the diameter of bore holes, having a plurality of cantilevered spindles (6) for supporting rotatably attached cutter shells (9) having hardened surfaces for cutting and crushing to widen the bore hole. The cutter shells are supported on an inner threaded journal (13) which permits a plurality of load bearing rollers or bearings (26) to facilitate rotational movement of the cutter. The hole opener is provided on a tubular body which is connected in a drill string and which provides jetting nozzles (4) to remove the cutting debris and return it to the earth's surface. The cantilevered support spindle (6), journal (13) and cutter shell (9) assembly permit flexible interchange of cutter faces and sizes to be available for use with the same hole opener body and different directions of travel of the body.

Abstract: A polycentric reamer having a body thrust unit and reaming unit is especially useful for locally reaming a borehole beneath a casing string. By asymmetrically positioning a reaming unit within a body formed from non-coaxial mated cylinders, superior results are achieved. These results include minimizing wear on the casing string.

Abstract: A large shaft over-reamer apparatus and method using a driver means and a detachable reamer cutter means. The driver means may include a work platform for personnel to work on. The driver means is positioned in a drilled pilot hole for stability and vertical control. The top of the driver means is attached to a kelly bar that transmits rotational force to the driver. The driver means has lug pins to releasably connect the driver means to the reamer cutter means. Releasably connecting the driver means to the reamer cutter means allows the reamer cutter means to be left inside the shaft or hole while the kelly bar lifts out excavated material in a bucket attached to the driver means. The reamer cutter has radial cutters and wiper blades. The wiper blades help funnel the excavated materials to a bucket.

Abstract: A hole opener used in conjunction with drilling in at least one of boulder and rubble stone formations includes first and second sets of cutters. Each of the cutters of the first and second sets of cutters has cutter teeth thereon and further include a shaft. The hole opener also includes a tubular carrier body, a first device for fixing the first set of cutters to the tubular carrier body so that the first set of cutters is positioned in a common first lateral plane with respect to a longitudinal axis of the tubular carrier body, and second device for fixing the second set of cutters to the tubular carrier body so that the second set of cutters is located in a second lateral plane with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tubular carrier body and at an axial distance from the first set of cutters along the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: In a borer head for drilling boreholes in rock structures and including a drive shaft connected to a drive of a drilling machine, a central shaft coupled to the drive shaft, and a tool holder with cutters driven by a planetary gearing connected to the central shaft, supporting elements, engageable with a cylindrical wall of the borehole being drilled, are provided. The supporting elements are operatively connected to the central shaft and also to the tool holder so that the tool holder is driven into a slow rotation about the central shaft.

Abstract: A reamer apparatus is adapted for use in combination with a radial whipstock assembly in drilling a curved bore in a subsurface formation at a predetermined angle of build. The reamer apparatus is comprised of a drill bit, at least one articulated joint or drill collar connected to the lower end of the drill string, and a stabilized reamer interconnected for rotation behind the drill bit which includes cutter blades overgauged in relation to the drill bit and projecting substantially in outward radial directions from the reamer body, each blade having an elongated cutting edge which extends substantially parallel to the direction of drilling and a stabilized leading end so as to stabilize the reamer and avoid preferential cutting as the drill bit proceeds along the desired course.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of smoothing out a curved section of a well bore that has been drilled with a bent sub-downhole motor assembly. The method includes moving a reamer with a body having a cylindrical section and a lower tapered section equipped with a plurality of cylindrical cutters on each section through the curved section, while being rotated by the drilling assembly to be used to continue drilling the well bore below the curved section.