Abstract: A method/control unit for recognizing critical driving situations of a two-wheeled motor vehicle (MV), including: ascertaining an instantaneous slip angle (ISA) and differential slip angle (DSA) of the front/rear wheels; ascertaining an instantaneous roll angle (IRA); comparing the ascertained SAs and DSAs to predetermined values (PV) of maximum allowable slip angles (MASA) or DSAs; comparing the IRA to PVs of a maximum allowable roll angle (MARA); and generating a criticality signal when one of the ISAs is greater than the PV of the MASA, at least one of the instantaneous DSAs is greater than the PV of the maximum allowable DSA, and the IRA is greater than the PV of the MARA. Critical driving situations are recognized with the method, and measures for stabilizing the two-wheeled MV or other safety-enhancing measures may be performed. Special driving situations (driving over low-? patches or braking while negotiating a curve) may be considered.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive unit for fitting or retrofitting a two-wheeled vehicle (1), preferably a bicycle, having an electric motor which is designed as a disc motor (10), comprising a rotor disc (11) having permanent magnets (12) and an annular stator (13) with windings, which generate an electrical alternating field for driving the rotor disc (11), wherein the rotor disc (11) can be fastened non-rotatably to a receptacle (6) on the front or rear wheel of the two-wheeled vehicle (1) and the annular stator (13) can be fastened to a frame part (4, 5) of the two-wheeled vehicle (1). For tool-free dismantling the annular stator (13) can be unfolded in the circumferential direction and can be removed or pulled off from the rotor disc (11).

Abstract: An electric power unit having a heat emitting component includes a battery case provided in an extension direction of an output shaft of the motor, and spaced apart from the motor case, and a cooling fan provided between the battery case and the motor case. The battery case includes a discharge port formed at a position facing the cooling fan, and a suction port provided at a position spaced apart from the discharge port.

Abstract: A two-wheeled motor vehicle includes: a vehicle body frame; a rear wheel unit swingably supported on the vehicle body frame; a fuel cell unit supported on the vehicle body frame; a fuel tank extending rearwardly from the fuel cell unit over the rear wheel unit; and a secondary cell that is charged with electric power from the fuel cell unit and disposed below the fuel cell unit and the fuel tank.

Abstract: An opening control structure of an electric vehicle battery box is provided. An electric vehicle at least includes a frame unit and a vehicle body cover unit that covers the frame unit. The frame unit shaft-supports a battery box thereon. The battery box receives and holds therein a battery that supplies electrical power for driving the electric vehicle. The battery box is provided with an operation device that sets the battery box at an open position or a storage position. The operation device is electrically connected to an operation controller. The operation controller is electrically connected with a verifying unit. The verifying unit is put into operation by a to-be-verified unit or through sensing. As such, easiness of lifting and removing a battery and burglarproofness are improved.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes a frame unit and a vehicle body cover unit. The frame unit includes tread tubes extending toward a rear side of a vehicle body. The tread tubes are arranged in a left and right pairwise form as a left tread tube and a right tread tube, and a first cross tube and a second cross tube connected to the tread tubes. The vehicle body cover unit includes a thread board shielding the left and right tread tubes. A battery box that receives and holds a battery is shaft-supported on the frame unit. The battery box is shaft-supported on the frame unit by support shafts in a vehicle body front-rear direction. The battery box is rotatable about a rotation center defined by the support shafts in a vehicle body left-right direction to an open position to facilitate removal of the battery from the battery box.

Abstract: An electric bicycle component comprises a wireless communication device, a rechargeable power supply device, a movable member, and a charging port. The wireless communication device is configured to wirelessly communicate with an additional bicycle component. The rechargeable power supply device is configured to supply electrical power to the wireless communication device. The movable member is configured to be actuated by the electrical power supplied from the rechargeable power supply device. The rechargeable power supply device is to be charged via the charging port.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes a frame unit and a vehicle body cover unit. The vehicle body cover unit includes a thread board shielding left and right tread tubes of the frame unit between which a receiving space is defined to receive a battery box that receives and holds a battery. The battery box has two sides provided with support shafts. The battery box is rotatable between an open position and a storage position. A locking device is selectively set in releasable engagement with a positioning member provided on the battery box so as to selectively lock the battery box in the storage position. An operation unit is provided for controlling the locking device to engage with or disengage from the positioning member so as to allow the battery box to rotate from the storage position to the open position.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes a frame unit and a vehicle body cover unit. The frame unit includes tread tubes extending toward a rear side of a vehicle body. The tread tubes are arranged pairwise leftward and rightward as a left tread tube and a right tread tube. The vehicle body cover unit includes a tread board shielding the left tread tube and the right tread tube. A battery box that receives and holds a battery is shaft-supported on the frame unit. The battery box has two sides provided with support shafts. The battery box is shaft-supported on the frame unit by the support shafts in a left-right direction. The battery box is rotatable by a drive device about a rotation center defined by the support shafts in a front-rear direction to an open position or a storage position so as to facilitate removal of the battery from the battery box.

Abstract: A saddle-type vehicle includes a link-type suspension system configured to make a vehicle support a driving wheel, and a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel. The driving wheel driven by the motor is a steered wheel. The link-type suspension system includes a swing arm having a pair of left and right arm portions that swingably supports the steered wheel. The motor is placed on one of left and right sides of a steering center axis in a width direction of the vehicle. A shock absorber is mounted on another arm portion of the swing arm, the another arm portion being placed on another of the left and right sides of the steering center axis in the width direction of the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wheel including a means for power generation and transfer having a plurality of auxiliary power units in which compartments are formed inside one wheel, and a plurality of auxiliary power units capable of generating auxiliary power separately from a main power source are installed in the compartments, such that it is possible to secure increased driving force and rotational force while minimizing costs required for securing compartments required to facilitate a separate auxiliary power source, as well as decrease a used power due to driving an apparatus using the auxiliary power, and by reasonably solving the problems entailed in the wheel including a means for power generation and transfer, efficiency thereof is significantly improved.

Abstract: In an aspect, a self-balancing two-wheeled vehicle is provided, having a body, and first and second wheels rotatably coupled to the body. The second wheel has at least one lateral roller rotatable about an axis that is one of oblique and orthogonal to a rotation axis of the second wheel. At least one motor is coupled to the second wheel to control rotation of the second wheel and the at least one lateral roller. At least one sensor is coupled to the body to generate orientation data therefor. A control module is coupled to the at least one motor to control operation thereof at least partially based on the orientation data generated by the at least one sensor.

Abstract: An electrically assisted street scooter includes a handlebar, a deck, front and back wheels, a battery pack integral with the deck, an electrical motor for driving at least one of the wheels, and a drive circuit for controlling electrical supply to the electrical motor from the battery pack. The drive circuit includes a switch for setting the drive circuit in a low power-mode where the electrical motor is not powered when the switch is off, or for setting the drive circuit in a drive mode where the electrical motor can be powered when the switch is on. An auto-power on circuit automatically switches the switch on when a user pushes the street scooter. An auto-power off circuit automatically switches the switch off when the scooter is not used during a predetermined duration. The level of electrical assistance is determined based on the peak value after each leg push.

Abstract: A pair of middle cowls is arranged at positions rightward and leftward of a vehicle component located at a position forward of an engine. Part of the right middle cowl is arranged at a position further forward than an air cleaner case. A space in the air cleaner case is divided by a filter element into a first space positioned at a position further downstream than the filter element and a second space positioned at a position further upstream than the filter element. The second space is smaller than the first space. The second space and a third space inward of the right middle cowl communicate with each other by a communicating portion. The second space, at least part of the third space, and an internal space of the communicating portion constitute a dirty side chamber of an air cleaner.

Abstract: A battery mounting device includes a body having a frame with a connecting portion. The connecting portion includes at least one positioning portion. An elevating seat is mounted to the frame and is movable between a mounting position and a replacement position lower than the mounting position. The elevating seat includes at least one positioning member disengageably coupled to the at least one positioning portion. An actuation device is mounted to the frame and is operable to move the elevating seat in the vertical direction. A battery seat is detachably mounted to the elevating seat and includes a lower positioning portion coupled with a lower positioning member of the elevating seat in the mounting position. When the elevating seat is in the replacement position, the battery seat is placed on the ground, and the lower positioning portion is disengaged from the lower positioning member.

Abstract: An electrical family car, including: an electrically driven motor; and wheels with a radius larger than 90 cm. In such cars one of the dominating energy losses is directly related to the car axial to wheel friction. The car efficiency could therefore be increased by increasing the car wheel diameter which could yield a larger traveling distance for the same axial to wheel friction related energy loss.

Abstract: A motorization apparatus for a motorized wheel comprises an axle secured to a frame of a vehicle. A rotor unit has poles of magnet material. A stator unit having slots and teeth secured to the axle is inward of said rotor to define a clearance gap therewith such that the rotor unit is rotatable about the stator core. An arrangement of coils is wound around the teeth of the stator unit, the coils adapted to be powered to induce a rotation of the rotor unit relative to the stator unit. A structure comprises hub portions rotatably mounted to the axle, the structure having lateral walls defining an inner volume for the rotor unit and the stator unit, the structure supporting the rotor unit. The structure comprises attachment members connected to spokes of the motorized wheel, located radially inward of the clearance gap between the rotor unit and the stator unit.

Abstract: The system (1) for piloting an electric motor in electric motorcycles or the like is operatively connectable to a control inverter (I) of an electric motor (E) of an electric motorcycle (M) and to a control device (C) of the acceleration of the electric motorcycle (M) and comprises dynamic generation means (10) of a piloting signal (TOUT) of the inverter (I) according to a control signal (G) coming from the control device (C) and to at least a maximum deliverable/absorbable current value (IMAX, RIMAX) by an electric battery (B) of the electric motorcycle (M).

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes an electric motor which generates a driving power for driving a wheel, a battery storing DC power to be supplied to the electric motor, a battery case accommodating the battery in a battery space in an interior of the battery case, an inverter which converts the DC power supplied from the battery and supplies electric power to the electric motor, and an electric wire connecting the inverter to the electric motor. The electric wire runs through an internal space of the battery case, and may penetrate an upper surface of the battery case, protrude upward, and connect to an inverter placed on an upper portion of the battery case. The electric wire may run through a cooling passage in the internal space. The electric wire may be interposed between the electric motor and the inverter. The electric wire may run vertically through the internal space.

Abstract: An in-wheel motor drive unit (11) includes: a motor portion (11A) that is placed on one side in the direction of the axis of the in-wheel motor drive unit; a wheel hub portion (11C) that is placed on the other side in the direction of the axis of the in-wheel motor drive unit; a speed reduction portion (11B) that is placed between the motor portion and the wheel hub portion and that reduces the speed of output rotation of the motor portion to transmit the resultant output rotation to the wheel hub portion; and a first arm portion (34) that is formed integrally with a speed reduction portion casing (33) forming the outer shape of the speed reduction portion, that projects in a direction perpendicular to the axis from the speed reduction portion casing, and that has its tip end pivotally coupled to a vehicle body-side member.

Abstract: A straddle electric vehicle comprises a charging connector to which an outside connector connected to an outside electric power supply is detachably attached; a battery which charges therein electric power supplied from the outside electric power supply with the outside connector attached to the charging connector, and discharges the electric power stored therein to supply the electric power to an electric motor; a battery case accommodating the battery; and a seat on which a passenger is seated, wherein the battery case is disposed between the seat and a front wheel, the charging connector is attached to an upper portion of the battery case, and a charging port of the charging connector is located forward relative to the seat so as to face rearward.

Abstract: An electric motorcycle includes a vehicle controller that outputs an instruction value based on an operation amount of at least an accelerator grip, and a motor driving unit that supplies a driving electric power in accordance with the instruction value to an electric motor. The vehicle controller is disposed outside a case that includes the motor driving unit disposed therein. The distance from the steering handle to the vehicle controller is shorter than the distance from the steering handle to the motor driving unit in a side view of the vehicle body, to simplify the cost of the electric wire and the work required to lay out the electric wire.

Abstract: The installation structure for the lithium battery box of the electric vehicle includes a battery box body and a vehicle frame oblique beam, where an insertion hole is produced in a front end of the battery box body; an installation groove is produced in the vehicle frame oblique beam; a front battery box base is installed in a front installation groove; an insertion bolt driven through a key is arranged on the front battery box base; where an upwards-bulged arc-shaped limit groove is produced in the middle of the lower cover in the axis of the box body; the installation groove of the vehicle frame oblique beam is an installation groove with a front opening and a rear opening; a limit bulge adaptive to the arc-shaped limit groove is produced on a groove bottom of the installation groove.

Abstract: A convertible running bike capable of selectively converting from a non-motorized configuration to a motorized configuration may include a front fork rotatably engaged with a front wheel, a handle bar rotatably engaged with the front fork for steering the bike, a frame and a seat connected to the frame.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electric drive of a vehicle is provided, e.g., an electric bicycle, which is able to be operated by muscular energy and/or motor power, the vehicle including a crank gear and the electric drive being disposed at the crank gear. The method includes: ascertaining a driving situation, for which the electric drive is to be used, and in this situation, initially running up the electric drive at a first gradient, and then at a second gradient, the first gradient being greater than the second gradient.

Abstract: A housing structure for forming a body of a vehicle is provided. The housing structure comprises a lower portion and an upper portion. The lower portion has a plate-like central part, a front end, a rear end, and a first bonding part formed on each of the lateral sides of the plate-like central part. The upper portion comprises a central part and a front part. The central part has a first end, a second end, and a second bonding part formed on each of the lateral sides of the central part. By fixing the first bonding part and the second bonding part together, the lower and upper portions are adapted to form the body of the vehicle.

Abstract: A bicycle frame with a hidden battery pack has a tube member and a battery pack. The tube member is hollow and has a peripheral surface, a receiving space, and a replacement opening. The receiving space is formed inside the tube member. The replacement opening is defined in the peripheral surface of the tube member and communicates with the receiving space. The battery pack is mounted in the receiving space and has multiple batteries. Each two adjacent batteries of the multiple batteries are connected to each other and are able to rotate relative to each other. Each battery of the multiple batteries is capable of being rotated or swung to pass through the replacement opening.

Abstract: A system, method, and device for operations of an electrically motorized vehicle. The vehicle can utilize an electrically motorized wheel to convert a non-motorized wheeled vehicle to an electrically motorized wheeled vehicle. One method for controlling the device for an electrically motorized wheel includes controlling an amount of assistance from the device of the electrically motorized wheel while travelling uphill to result in a user input requirement about equivalent to that required to propel the vehicle on a level surface.

Abstract: A bicycle drive unit basically has a transmission, a motor and a resultant force member. The motor is configured to transmit rotation to the transmission, and a resultant force member to which rotation from the transmission and from the manual drive force is transmitted. The transmission has a first sun gear, a second sun gear, a first ring gear, a second ring gear, a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear and a third planetary gear. The first, second and third planetary gears are separate individual gears. The first planetary gear is engaged with the first sun gear and the first ring gear. The second planetary gear is engaged with the second sun gear and the third planetary gear. The third planetary gear is engaged with the second planetary gear and the second ring gear.

Abstract: An electric vehicle comprises an electric motor which generates driving power for driving a wheel; a battery case accommodating a battery storing DC power to be supplied to the electric motor, in a battery space in an interior of the battery case; and an inverter which converts the DC power supplied from the battery into AC power and supplies the AC power to the electric motor, wherein the inverter is placed above the battery to overlap with the battery case when viewed from above.

Abstract: A hybrid power unit is mounted on a vehicle body frame of a saddle-type vehicle and is composed of an engine, a transmission, a clutch system, that enables switching between connection and disconnection of power transmission between a crankshaft and the transmission, and an electric motor capable of transmitting rotational power to the transmission. An operation of the electric motor alone is enabled with alleviation of the load. Thus, an increase in the size in the direction along the axis line of the crankshaft is avoided. The electric motor, rendered incapable of direct power transmission from and to a crankshaft, is housed in a transmission chamber so as to be allowed to transmit rotational power from a rotor of the electric motor to a transmission shaft. The rotor is disposed on an upper side relative to the highest oil level of lubricating oil in the transmission chamber.

Abstract: An auxiliary motor, for a bicycle, includes an energy storage device for storing energy, a drive device for converting the energy stored in the energy storage device into kinetic energy and a transmission device for transmitting the kinetic energy onto a pedal crank spindle. The auxiliary motor is designed to be attached to a down tube of a bicycle at least parallel to the down tube and to power a pedal crank of the bicycle.

Abstract: A suspension structure includes a pair of trailing arms (12), a beam member (13) connecting the pair of trailing arms, a bracket (21) connected to a rear end region of the trailing arm, and an in-wheel motor drive device (31) coupled and fixed to the bracket. The in-wheel motor drive device (31) is located above the rear end region of the trailing arm (12), and a lower side of the in-wheel motor drive device (12) is covered by the rear end region of the trailing arm (12) and the bracket (21).

Abstract: A bicycle includes an electrical auxiliary drive, including an electric motor, a battery for storing electrical energy, which battery is connected to the electric motor, a crank mechanism having pedal cranks, which are mounted on a pedal crankshaft disposed about a crank axis, so as to be able to rotate, and a planetary gear for driving the bicycle both by the electric motor and by the muscle power of a driver, the planetary gear and the electric motor being disposed about the pedal crankshaft of the crank mechanism.

Abstract: A fuel cell two-wheeled vehicle includes an electric machine configured to drive a drive wheel, an air-cooled fuel cell configured to supply electric power to the electric machine, and a fuel gas tank that accumulates fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell. A battery pack is disposed in a space between an intake air inlet and an air intake duct and surrounded by a seat and a vehicle body cover. The intake air inlet is disposed below a front portion of the seat.

Abstract: In a driver device, a controller substrate has a center part on which a rotation angle sensor is attached and an outer periphery portion which is fixed onto a heat sink. The heat sink has a cylinder part extending in an axial direction of the rotation shaft to contact the outer periphery portion of the controller substrate. The cylinder part of the heat sink is continuously formed along an entire periphery and has the same height at all portions. Such configuration provides an even deformation distribution of the cylinder part due to a temperature change, thereby reducing unevenness of heat stress distribution along a substrate plane and decreasing stress applied to the sensor, which facilitates a reduction of a detection error of the sensor.

Abstract: An electric bicycle includes a crank, a driving gear and a driven gear spaced from each other, and a belt engaged with the driving gear and the driven gear. An electric motor is coupled to the driving gear. A freewheel is disposed between the crank and the driving gear. At least a portion of the motor is concentric about the freewheel.

Abstract: An electric propulsion system, an electric bicycle, and a method for converting a non-electric bicycle into an electric bicycle are disclosed. The electric propulsion system has an electric motor with a motor output shaft rotatable about a motor shaft axis. An output end of the motor output shaft is disposed on a first side. A transmission interconnects the electric motor and a drive chain of the bicycle to transmit a drive of the electric motor to the rear wheel. The transmission has a rotatable driven member on the first side engaged with the output end and is rotated thereby. A drive sprocket on the second side and rotatable about a drive sprocket axis is connected to the driven member by a transmission shaft. The drive sprocket engages the drive chain to transmit the drive of the electric motor thereto.

Abstract: A ride-on vehicle, such as for a child, includes a vehicle body and one or more wheels that support the vehicle body relative to a surface. At least one of the wheels includes a hub motor arrangement that provides a drive torque for propelling the vehicle. The hub motor arrangement includes a housing defining an interior space. An axle or other mounting element(s) define an axis of rotation of the housing. Preferably, the axle or other mounting element(s) do not pass completely through the housing. A motor drives the housing through a transmission. Preferably, the motor is a standard, compact motor that is positioned on the axis of rotation and can be laterally offset from a central plane of the housing. In some embodiments, a traction element is carried directly by the housing.

Abstract: A sensing device and a driving module for an electric bicycle having a spindle are provided. The sensing device includes a torque sensor, a slip ring, a grating, and a cadence sensor. The driving module includes a motor, a reducer and the sensing device. The present disclosure combines the slip ring with the grating to integrate the cadence sensor and the torque sensor into one sensing device, such that the sizes of the sensing device and the driving module are reduced.

Abstract: There is provided a saddle-ridden type fuel cell vehicle. The fuel cell vehicle includes: a body frame; a steerable wheel; a driving wheel; a motor; a fuel cell; a fuel tank; and a tank valve. The body frame includes: a head pipe; a down frame portion; a pair of upper main frame portions; a pair of lower main frame portions; and up frame portions. A tank placement portion is formed in a region encircled by the upper main frame portions and the lower main frame portions in the middle portion of the body frame in the front and rear direction. The fuel tank is placed on the tank placement portion so that an axis thereof extends in the front and rear direction. A guard frame is installed between the up frame portions to traverse the rear of the tank valve in a right and left direction.

Abstract: A motorization apparatus for a motorized wheel comprises an axle secured to a frame of a vehicle. A rotor unit has poles of magnet material. A stator unit having slots and teeth secured to the axle is inward of said rotor to define a clearance gap therewith such that the rotor unit is rotatable about the stator core. An arrangement of coils is wound around the teeth of the stator unit, the coils adapted to be powered to induce a rotation of the rotor unit relative to the stator unit. A structure comprises hub portions rotatably mounted to the axle, the structure having lateral walls defining an inner volume for the rotor unit and the stator unit, the structure supporting the rotor unit. The structure comprises attachment members connected to spokes of the motorized wheel, located radially inward of the clearance gap between the rotor unit and the stator unit.

Abstract: Wheel hub motor (1) for an electric bicycle, comprising: a fixed shaft (2) which can be associated with a frame of an electric bicycle; a hub shell (3) which is rotatable with respect to said fixed shaft (3) and can be incorporated in a wheel structure (100) of said electric bicycle; an electric motor (4) being housed inside said hub shell (3), said motor having an internal stator (40) rigidly connected to the fixed shaft (2) and an external rotor (41) rotatably movable with respect thereto, and a reduction unit (5) which kinematically connects the rotation of said external rotor (41) to that of said hub shell (3) and which comprises two reduction stages arranged alongside each other in the axial direction inside the hub shell (3): a first reduction stage (50) comprising at least one first pinion (51), rigidly connected to the external rotor (41) and coaxial with the fixed shaft (2) and meshing with at least one first gear (52) rigidly connected to an eccentric shaft (53) mounted on an intermediate member; an

Abstract: An electric kick scooter including a scooter body, a drive device and a strain gauge is provided. The scooter body has a foot plate, a steering tube and a rear wheel respectively provided at front and rear ends of the foot plate, and a handle bar and a front wheel respectively provided at top and bottom ends of the steering tube. The drive device has a motor installed in the front wheel or rear wheel, and a battery installed with the scooter body and electrically connected to the motor. The strain gauge is attached to the steering tube or handle bar of the scooter body to sense the strain generated on the steering tube or handle bar when it receives a force. The strain signal of the strain gauge is transmitted to a controller for enabling the controller to control an action of the motor accordingly.

Abstract: A cable connecting structure of a battery pack, the battery pack which is provided in a vehicle, the cable connecting structure includes: a plurality of cable side connectors which are provided at ends of a plurality of cables, respectively, and which are connected to the battery pack; and a plurality of battery pack side connectors to which the cable side connectors are detachably mounted, and which are arranged in parallel along a peripheral direction of a peripheral wall of the battery pack. In a state where the cable side connectors are mounted to the battery pack side connectors, portions of the cables which are respectively withdrawn from the cable side connectors are extended along the peripheral wall.

Abstract: A power tool includes a brushless DC motor having a stator assembly and a rotor assembly at least a portion of which is arranged pivotably inside the stator assembly. The rotor assembly includes a rotor lamination stack housing a permanent magnets and a rotor fixedly housed inside a center portion of the lamination stack to pivot therewith. A fan may be fixedly attached to the rotor and arranged adjacent the stator assembly. The fan includes a back plate and blades longitudinally projecting from a periphery of the back plate towards the stator assembly, where a middle portion of the back plate is contoured away from an end cap of the motor to accommodate a projecting portion of the end cap. The permanent magnets may extend beyond the longitudinal length of the rotor lamination stack towards a magnet sensor to facilitate sensing of the permanent magnet via the magnet sensor.

Abstract: A drive unit has three axles, three rotation transmitting members and an acting force detecting unit. The first axle is configured to be rotated by a crank arm. The first rotation transmitting member is arranged on the first axle to transmit rotation of the first axle by the crank arm. The second axle is spaced from the first axle. The second rotation transmitting member is arranged on the second axle, and is operatively engaged with the first rotation transmitting member to transmit rotation of the first rotation transmitting member. The third axle is spaced from the first axle and the second axle. The third rotation transmitting member is arranged on the third axle, and operatively engaged with the second rotation transmitting member to transmit rotation of the second rotation transmitting member. The acting force detecting unit arranged to detect a force acting on the second axle.

Abstract: The disclosure herein provides systems for a versatile electric bicycle that is configured to be easily adapted to accommodate various needs and requirements. In certain embodiments, the foregoing may provide features and/or models that are configured to be easily adapted to accommodate parts of varying dimensions, different seating configurations, and/or particular laws and regulations of different jurisdictions.

Abstract: This invention comprises a frame for an electric motorcycle. Electric motorcycles have vastly different component requirements compared to internal combustion engine motorcycles, and, therefore, require a radical redesign of the frame in order to maximize the efficiency of the system.

Abstract: A battery assembly 51 for fitting a battery pack 52 to a frame of a cycle 2 comprises a battery holder 54 for fitting to the frame, and a connector portion 55 which forms an electrical connection between the battery pack 52 and wiring 90 for connecting to at least one other component of the cycle when the battery pack is held by the holder 54. The connector portion 55 is slideable in a linear direction with respect to the battery holder between an open position which provides clearance of the battery pack to be inserted into the holder and a closed position in which the connection is formed. A clamping mechanism is provided to clamp the battery pack into the battery holder when the connector portion is closed.