Abstract: Acoustic speaker cones have a plurality of thin, pie-shaped segments radiating outwardly from their center with each of the segments having an arcuated cross-section. The cones are made of polycarbonate plastic and take the form of being convex towards the center for high frequency cones or of being concave towards its center for larger broad range cones. The present invention is also directed to a system containing both the aforesaid high frequency cone, and an outer broad range cone with similar radial characteristics The segments of the outer cone preferably terminate at a flexible, high sound absorption ring. The center cone fits within a central orifice at the center of the outer cone. The polycarbonate cones have a specific gravity of about 1.10 and about 1.40, having an electrical dissipation factor of about 0.05 to about 0.30 at 60 Hertz, having an electrical dissipation factor of about 1.00 to about 1.25 at 10.sup.6 Hertz, and having a thermal condutivity of at least 1.2 BTU/hr/ft.sup.2 /.degree.F.

Abstract: Improved loudspeakers, systems and components are adapted to interconnect with many forms of communication media. In one embodiment, a speaker is mountable within a receptacle. The speaker includes a magnetic driver and a diaphragm mounted to a frame. The frame includes a mounting member extending from a surface of the frame behind the flange plane. The mounting member is engagable in a notch formed in the receptacle for securing the speaker within the receptacle. In another embodiment, a low-profile loudspeaker has a front-mounted magnetic driver disposed within a cone-shaped acoustic diaphragm. The magnetic driver includes a first rare earth magnet centrally disposed within an electromagnetic shielding material. In another embodiment, a low-profile, two-way loudspeaker includes a cone-shaped diaphragm and a dome-shaped (tweeter) diaphragm. A front-mounted magnetic driver comprises first and second rare earth magnets each centrally disposed within electromagnetic shielding material.

Abstract: A loudspeaker has a first diaphragm having a domed shape, a second diaphragm formed on a periphery of the first diaphragm, and a voice coil provided at a juncture of the first and second diaphragms. The second diaphragm is designed such that a dip frequency by shape effect thereof is positioned at a frequency higher than a high limit frequency of the first diaphragm.

Abstract: A composite speaker system includes a tweeter or high frequency transducer attached to an adjustable flexible arm or arms which is mounted directly to the pole piece or adapter member connected to the pole piece of a woofer or low frequency transducer. The tweeter can be adjusted in any direction to improve the sound quality because the listener can actually aim the tweeter at himself or herself and the composite speaker system can be mounted anywhere in an automobile or room.

Abstract: A composite speaker system including a high frequency transducer and a low frequency transducer. An adjustable rod is attached to a pole piece of the low frequency transducer and a back side of the high frequency transducer. The high frequency transducer can be adjusted in any direction to improve the sound quality because the listener can actually aim the high frequency transducer at himself or herself and the composite speaker system can be mounted anywhere in a vehicle or room.

Abstract: A composite speaker system includes a tweeter or high frequency transducer attached to an adjustable flexible arm or arms which is mounted directly to the pole piece or adapter member connected to the pole piece of a woofer or low frequency transducer. The tweeter can be adjusted in any direction to improve the sound quality because the listener can actually aim the tweeter at himself or herself and the composite speaker system can be mounted anywhere in an automobile or room.

Abstract: An electrodynamic transducer has a diaphragm substantially having two parts with different profiles, namely an acoustically active central part and an annular part laterally adjoining the central part and serving for the resilient suspension of the diaphragm in its entirety. A narrow coil seat for a wire coil of the transducer is located between the central part and the annular part. For the purpose of developing a compact yet electrodynamically sensitive acoustic transducer, the annular part is not arranged radially outside the central part of the diaphragm, but is shifted inward according to the invention. The curved annular part is thus accommodated under the axial curvature of the central part. The annular part can therefore have the annular width required for an ideal resilient suspension without negatively affecting the outer dimensions of the transducer.

Abstract: A diaphragm with moving coil for electrodynamic transducers has in the center thereof a spherically-shaped portion and adjacent to the spherically-shaped portion a toroidally-shaped zone which may be provided with corrugations. An outwardly diverging, truncated cone-shaped collar is placed on the spherically-shaped portion. The collar may be of the same material as the diaphragm. The collar has a circular rim which is mechanically fixedly connected to the spherically-shaped portion. The circular rim of the collar has a smaller diameter than the moving coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a loudspeaker diaphragm which is provided with a rear load and the vibration characteristic of which is improved in that the work to be performed for compressing the air behind the loudspeaker diaphragm is reduced. For this purpose, the loudspeaker diaphragm is provided with openings so that the air located behind the loudspeaker diaphragm can escape. At the same time, the introduction of the openings causes a decoupling of the vibrating diaphragm parts with respect to the frequency response when the loudspeaker diaphragm and the openings are suitably dimensioned, so that it is predominantly the inner part of the loudspeaker diaphragm which vibrates in the case of high notes, while the entire loudspeaker diaphragm vibrates in the case of low notes.

Abstract: A loudspeaker system has an enclosure with a baffle dividing the interior into first and second subchambers. The smaller subchamber is directly coupled to the region outside the enclosure by a port tube. The larger subchamber is coupled to the region outside the enclosure via the smaller subchamber by a port tube. The dividing baffle carries a woofer.

Abstract: A loudspeaker system which comprises a loudspeaker unit for radiating a first sound, a horn unit having a throat coupled to the back of the loudspeaker for radiating a second sound, and an acoustic filter provided in the horn for causing an acoustic impedance of the horn unit to be discontinuous. When the minimum frequency of cyclic dales of the sound pressure observed in the characteristic curves of a sound pressure of a composite of the first and second sounds as a result of a phase delay brought about by the length of the horn unit is expressed by fd, a primary harmonic resonance can be produced between the loudspeaker unit and the acoustic filter which is similar to that produced by a straight acoustic tube having its opposite ends closed, thereby to render the frequency of the primary resonance to be generally equal to the frequency fd.

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer is formed of a loudspeaker enclosure having a form of revolution about an axis each end of which is closed by a loudspeaker. The two loudspeakers are mounted back to back in the axis of the enclosure, one of the loudspeakers being fed from an electric power source and being in this sense "active", whereas the other loudspeaker is "passive" in that it receives no electric supply, its movements resulting from the rear wave of the active loudspeaker. The enclosure is maintained vertically along its axis of revolution, and, on the other hand, the side wall of the enclosure is formed of a flexible material, unlikely to resonate with the front and rear waves of the loudspeakers.

Abstract: A speaker which is thin but which is capable of providing high-fidelity reproduction and ensuring a suitable level of sound pressure even when it is brought close to a wall. A closed chamber is formed behind one part of a diaphragm mounted in an enclosure, and an open chamber is formed behind another part of the diaphragm. At least one voice coil drive unit is connected to the diaphragm. The phase difference between sounds radiated from the front and rear surfaces of the diaphragm is increased as large as possible by using an acoustic duct for the sound radiated through the open chamber, thereby minimizing cancellation of sounds and improving the sound pressure level.

Abstract: A loudspeaker having means for acoustically impeding excursion of the transducer diaphragm and means for acoustically attenuating the output of acoustic vibrations of frequencies above a preselected frequency. The loudspeaker includes first and second subchambers separated by a dividing wall in which the transducer is mounted. A first port acoustically couples the first subchamber with the second subchamber and a second port acoustically couples the second subchamber with the outside environment surrounding the loudspeaker.

Abstract: An electrodynamic loudspeaker (1) has a diaphragm comprising a central part (2) and a peripheral part (3), and a voice-coil device (9, 10) coupled to the central part (2). The surface ratio S.sub.2 /S.sub.1 complies with the relationship 0.5.ltoreq.S.sub.2 /S.sub.1 .ltoreq.6, where S.sub.1 and S.sub.2 are the surface areas of the central part (2) and the peripheral part (3) respectively. The mass ratio m.sub.2 /m.sub.1 complies with the relationship 0.5.ltoreq.m.sub.2 /m.sub.1 .ltoreq.8 where m.sub.1 and m.sub.2 are the mass of the central part (2) and the voice-coil device (9, 10) and the mass of the peripheral part (3) respectively. Further, the stiffness imposed on the diaphragm by the space (6, 6') defined by the diaphragm (2, 3) and the chassis (4) and/or the magnet system (7) is smaller than the stiffness of the diaphragm itself. Thus it is possible to derive a car loudspeaker which has a specific dip in its frequency response characteristic P (FIG. 2a), measured in an anechoic room.

Abstract: A stepped frequency microphone particularly adapted to a hearing aid application provides a stepped frequency response characteristic relative to frequency, and has a low-pass sonic attenuator for providing to the undriven side of the microphone diaphragm a sonic counterpressure which at low frequencies substantially cancels ambient sound pressure delivered to the drive side of the diaphragm, the attenuator reducing this counterpressure at elevated frequencies to provide accentuated high frequency response.

Abstract: A speaker system comprises a housing and at least one speaker mounted in said housing. An acoustical filter for intercepting and reradiating sound waves is mounted in front of the cone of the speaker. The acoustical filter includes a frame having a central aperture and at least one membrane mounted to the frame covering the aperture and having a resonant frequency of vibration. A plurality of slots are formed in the frame adjacent the aperture. A dispersion grid for increasing the spacial angular dispersion of sound waves generated by the speaker is mounted in front of the frame.

Abstract: The disklike diaphragm is made up of an essentially conical plastic film provided with vacuum-formed supporting members which extend up to the disklike radiating layer.

Abstract: The invention presents a method for improving overall efficiency and quality in sound reproduction systems by providing a system which establishes positive phase control over the many and varied resonant characteristics encountered in the reproduction and presentation of audio energy. The apparatus embodying the present method primarily consists of speaker structures within which drivers such as conventional cone drivers are acoustically coupled to both air and to the materials from which the enclosure of the speaker structure is formed by optimizing existing atmospheric pressure differentials and induced audio vibration readily available within these structures. The coupling is obtained through the use of acoustical resonator structure placed within a speaker enclosure and through particular distribution of mass in the enclosure and in the materials.

Abstract: A sound generating apparatus using piezoelectric elements includes first and second sounding plates arrayed in parallel with each other. The first and second sounding plates respectively include first and second diaphragms, and first and second thin plate-like piezoelectric elements laminated onto the first and second diaphragms. The first and second sounding plates are coupled together at the outer peripheral portions by a ring, thereby forming a hermetically sealed internal air chamber. The first and second sounding plates coupled together by the ring, and containing the internal air chamber cooperate to form a sounding member. The sounding member is supported by means of four resilient supporting members made of, for example, rubber, in a housing. In the housing, a front air layer and a rear air layer are formed on both sides of the sounding member, respectively. The front and rear air layers communicate with each other through a ringlike sound path.

Abstract: This is a dual cone loudspeaker with a primary cone similar in function to a conventional dynamic loudspeaker. There is a secondary cone mounted to a sub-frame on the back of the magnet structure. A rigid coupling device connects to both cones and causes them to move in unison. Sound waves from the secondary cone travel through an orifice in the center pole piece of the magnet structure and through a hole in the center of the primary cone radiating in the same direction as sound waves from the primary cone. The net effect of this is to generate a louder sound by displacing a larger volume of air than a conventional speaker of equal diameter.

Abstract: An acoustic device in the form of a loudspeaker is described. An envelope consisting of many discrete parts is driven by an internal driven element so that the parts of the envelope move alternately in unison in an outwards direction and in unison in an inwards direction. Inside the envelope is arranged a framework comprising struts and tensile members, and the envelope parts are mounted on these struts and tensile members. Operation of the driven element varies the distance between two parallel struts of the framework. The framework is thus caused to distort and so cause the desired movement of the envelope parts. The single internal driven element can be replaced with two or more such elements in a modified arrangement.

Abstract: A multi-driver loudspeaker combination includes a first transducer of the dynamic radiator type, designed to reproduce sound in the lower portion of the audio frequency range. The radiator of the first transducer includes a diaphragm. The combination also includes a second transducer designed to reproduce sound in the upper portion of the audio frequency range. A base support, which is somewhat horn-shaped, is mounted on the first transducer diaphragm, a voice coil form, or dust cap, or some combination of these, within the periphery of the first transducer diaphragm, and extends away from the first transducer. This base support terminates at an edge remote from the first transducer. The edge is in the form of a closed plane curve. The second transducer includes a diaphragm having a perimetral edge which is joined to the edge of the base support to support the second transducer from the first.

Abstract: To provide for good wide range frequency response utilizing only a single lightweight diaphragm in a peripherally-driven electroacoustic transducer, the diaphragm is made with a variable thickness. The region along the peripheral edge of the diaphragm is the thinnest portion of the diaphragm. From this peripheral edge, the thickness gradually increases to a point of maximum thickness in a portion of the diaphragm other than the periphery. The taper can be such as to provide a diaphragm with either two convex surfaces or with one convex surface and one concave surface. Alternatively, the taper could be linearly. A further embodiment provides for an air-filled diaphragm made of two sheets of thin material with a valve arrangement to allow for rapid self-inflation of the diaphragm.

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer has a diaphragm which comprises a layer of a polymethacrylimide foam having a modulus of elasticity between 15.times.10.sup.6 and 120.times.10.sup.6 N/m.sup.2 and a density between 10 and 80 kg/m.sup.3. If the diaphragm has a sandwich construction, the core layer is made of said polymethacrylimide foam and the skin layers are made of glass fibres, carbon fibres, cellulose fibres or polyaramide fibres. This results in a transducer having a higher efficiency and a lower distortion.

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer capable of operating as an emitter and as a pick-up for acoustic waves in an ambient medium includes a cover member having an opening for communication with the ambient medium, first and second diaphragms which are spaced from each other within the cover member, the second diaphragm being capable of vibrating under the effect of acoustic waves and being disposed between the first diaphragm and the opening in the cover member, an electromagnet for causing vibrations of the first diaphragm in response to electrical excitation signals when the transducer is operating in the emitter mode, an air cushion contained in a closed chamber separating the two diaphragms or a rigid mechanical connection between the two diaphragms for communicating the vibrations of the first diaphragm to the second diaphragm, and a pair of electrodes disposed on opposite sides of the second diaphragm, which is preferably a sheet of electret, for producing an output signal in response to vibrations of the sec

Abstract: A multi-driver loudspeaker assembly having high and low frequency transducers in which the high frequency transducer(s) is directly coupled to the diaphragm of the low frequency transducer and is movable therewith.

Abstract: A mechanical two way loudspeaker includes a low frequency diaphragm arranged coaxially with one another which are driven by the same voice coil. In order to flatten the sound pressure versus frequency characteristic of the loud speaker in the high frequency range, the low frequency diaphragm is provided with a flat sound wave radiation surface. The flat surface may be of a honey-comb configuration, or may be made of a low density synthetic foam.

Abstract: A planar type electro-acoustic transducer having a disk-like inner diaphragm member to the top end inner side of a voice coil bobbin, and having an annular outer diaphragm member concentric with said inner diaphragm member and conjugated to the top end outer side of the voice coil bobbin, in such way that these two diaphragm members jointly constitute a single planar type diaphragm. This arrangement increases the conjugation strength of the diaphragm members to the voice coil bobbin and also enables a new manufacturing process for the transducer in which the diaphragm and the coil bobbin are easily centered.

Abstract: A speaker enclosure with a pentagonal cross section and sloping sides contains a dynamic damping system located in the lower portion of the enclosure. Speakers mounted in the side walls are always positioned opposite a corner to prevent the production of standing waves. The rearward projection from the speaker and reflections from the walls are directed downward to the dynamic damping system, eliminating the absorptive padding used in prior systems and its inherent loss.

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer has a planar annular diaphragm suspended at both the inner and outer periphery. The transducer component is situated within the inner periphery and interacts with the diaphragm via outwardly extending connections.

Abstract: A loudspeaker subwoofer system is disclosed which combines signals from more than one audio channel. A single enclosure mounts an active driver for each of a plurality of audio channels, which active drivers are respectively connected to each respective audio channel. A passive radiator loudspeaker is also mounted in the single enclosure. The passive radiator is acoustically coupled to the active drivers and functions as a subwoofer.

Abstract: A loudspeaker enclosure is disclosed herein having a hollow box provided with a pair of air chambers separated by a partition or baffle. Coaxial openings are incorporated into the two outer walls of the box and the inner partition. An inner and an outer passive speaker cone is disposed in each opening associated with the inner partition and one of the box walls respectively in a back-to-back relationship. A rigid coupling connects the passive cones together so as to operate as a single unit. A woofer speaker cone is mounted in the other box wall which is operated by a suitable amplifier network. The mounting of the speakers creates sealed, air tight chambers and the outer passive cone is larger in diameter than the inner passive cone so that at very low frequencies the outer passive cone displaces more air than the woofer speaker cone.

Abstract: A loudspeaker apparatus comprises an enclosure having a loudspeaker mounted on a surface thereof, means within the enclosure and cooperating with other surfaces thereof for initially directing sound energy emanating from the back of the loudspeaker through a first sound wave compression zone in a first direction and then substantially equally into each of two second sound wave compression zones in respective second directions opposed to the first direction, and means in each of the second compression zones for propagating the sound energy received thereby out of the enclosure, the propagating means either comprising a passive radiator mounted on a corresponding enclosure surface partially defining each of the second compression zones or comprising ports which face in a direction parallel to that in which the loudspeaker faces and which place each second compression zone into open communication with the outside of the enclosure.

Abstract: At least one active and one inactive speaker element or radiator are mounted in each of a plurality of differently sized speaker housings, each of which housings has a fundamental resonant frequency different from each of the other housings. An audio signal is applied simultaneously to each of the active radiators, which in turn create in each housing acoustical wave forms which drive the associated inactive speaker.

Abstract: A cabinet for improving the sound output of an amplifier including an upright housing with a speaker mounted on the front, the front having one or more baffle openings, a device herein called a sound lens inserted in the baffle opening, the vibration of the speaker serving to induce vibration of the sound lens by condensation and rarefaction, by the speaker, of the sound waves to either side of the housing so that the sound lens functions as a supplemental and complementary sound source.

Abstract: A compact portable high acoustic power loudspeaker system is described. A plurality of speakers are mounted inside an enclosure which is sealed. A passive radiator is also provided which is symmetrically disposed inside the enclosure relative to the speakers so as to be subjected to a generally uniform acoustic loading. A high compliance radiator is employed by dispensing with a central spider radiator support with a mass selected to obtain a high efficiency and good low frequency response. A foam gasket is used to help seal the enclosure while also serving to disperse high frequency sound and improve acoustic coupling opposite high frequency speakers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a speaker system for mounting in a vehicle wherein a passive radiator is provided in the interior of the speaker system. The speaker system is mounted on the rear window tray or shelf of the vehicle so that the radiating surface of the passive radiator faces the rear glass window of the vehicle to thereby produce a horn effect. Due to the horn effect, the lower sound spectrum is fully reproduced.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved light display/projection system which synthesizes an infinite variety of pleasing geometrical patterns in response to electrical stimuli. When a hi-fidelity sound system is used to provide audio signals, the unit becomes suitable as a self-contained home or commercial entertainment device. Accordingly, the invention is described as an electrical signal to visual pattern conversion system comprising a housing, within which is operably assembled; at least one electromechanical transducer adapted to receive an audio frequency electrical input; at least one mechanical, pneumatic or electromagnetic or combination thereof coupling device for each transducer, coupling the transducer to at least one elastic membrane fixedly attached at its peripheral edge with a suitable clamp; at least one mirror attached parallel to the outer surface of the, or each, membrane and; at least one laser source positioned so as to direct light to the, or each, mirror.

Abstract: A loudspeaker enclosure comprises a shell having an opening therein and a loudspeaker mounting baffle disposed over the opening. The shell is formed entirely from one or more diaphragm members or passive radiators which oscillate in response to selected low frequency sound waves emanating from a loudspeaker mounted within the enclosure. The diaphragms forming the shell reinforce the forward acoustic radiation from the loudspeaker and militate against the formation of standing waves within the enclosure.

Abstract: A multiple driver loudspeaker system comprises two angularly spaced rear rectangular baffles each nearly filled with four closely spaced full-range small loudspeakers with a port tube passing through the center of each rear baffle and the junction therebetween. A front baffle carries a small centrally located loudspeaker. The front loudspeaker is backed by a cavity that is vented through the port tube at the intersection between the rear baffles. Each of the remaining loudspeakers is backed by a cavity with the four cavities associated with each rear baffle being vented through the associated port tube through channels located at the front of each cavity. Two bullets are cantilevered from the front baffle rearward and essentially concentric within the respective centrally located ports. The volume of each of the nine cavities is substantially the same.

Abstract: A speaker system comprising a speaker cabinet having a forward baffle plate, two side plates and a rear plate, a passive diaphragm, a speaker mounted in the baffle plate of the speaker cabinet, an opening disposed in the baffle plate next to the speaker as an outlet for the sound radiated from the passive diaphragm, a dividing plate slantedly disposed between the baffle plate and the rear plate of the speaker cabinet, the dividing plate dividing the speaker cabinet into a first part including the speaker and a second part including the opening, the passive diaphragm being mounted in the dividing plate.

Abstract: A cabinet for improving the sound output of an amplifier, the cabinet being in the form of an upright rectangular housing with a horizontal partition dividing the interior into an upper and lower portion, the partition having a speaker opening and a baffle opening, a speaker being mounted in the speaker opening for upward projection of the sound into the housing upper portion, the speaker being connected to the amplifier, a sounding board within the housing upper portion inclined at an angle from the housing rear upwardly towards the housing front, a sheet of metal affixed to the horizontal partition and covering the baffle opening, the vibration of the speaker serving to drive the metal baffle by condensations and rarefaction of the sound waves to either side of the horizontal partition so that the metal baffle functions as a supplemental and complementary sound source.

Abstract: A loudspeaker device comprises a bass reflexing duct formed on an enclosure on which the loudspeaker unit is provided, a passive radiator provided on the enclosure; an acoustic impedance body provided between at least one of the duct and passive radiator and the loudspeaker unit, so that the resonance frequencies of the duct and the passive radiator are different from each other thereby to markedly improve the low acoustic compass characteristic thereof.

Abstract: A speaker system comprising a speaker unit, a drone cone driven by the speaker unit; and a removable weight loaded on the front of the drone cone which can be exchanged from the front of the drone cone.

Abstract: A loudspeaker comprising a plurality of stages extended along a predetermined direction, each stage of which includes a movable diaphragm having a resonance out of the frequency range of reproduction and movable within a support structure. The diaphragms are driven transversely in unison by a distributed drive system capable of propagating longitudinal acoustical waves at a very high velocity and therefore also nonresonant within the range of the speaker. The drive system is connected to suitable electro-acoustic motional transformer such as a moving coil permanent magnet system. The coil longitudinal drive means and diaphragm masses are made exceedingly low so that the collective mass is comparable to the air mass in the immediate vicinity of the speaker which air mass serves to load the same. No damping materials are employed.

Abstract: An electro-acoustic transducer for low frequencies ranging from 0-5000 Hz uses a plurality of parallel spaced apart, alternately disposed, fixed and movable diaphragms, in addition to which the motion inducing forces on the movable diaphragm are distributed over the area of the diaphragm and assembly of the electro-acoustic transducer is achieved by the use of modular elements.

Abstract: A push-pull transducer system is provided for the reproduction of high fidelity sound to be used with amplifiers or receivers of high quality. The system consists of connecting two loudspeakers of the same size in face-to-face relationship so that where they are joined or bolted to face each other, there is provided an airtight connection.These loudspeakers can be joined directly together using a sealant for the airtight connection, or they can be attached to a mounting board, using sealing rings, if necessary. The loudspeakers are connected in series to produce push-pull air currents for the production of sound.

Abstract: The sound reproduction chamber comprises a diaphragm enclosure comprising a frame, a pair of parabolic diaphragm covers, and a resonating generator. The parabolic diaphragm covers may be mounted in the frame with their foci disposed distally adjacent one another or opposed in a convex parabolic diaphragm.

Abstract: An elliptically tapered tube or funnel shaped element is fixed to a loudspeaker so that its large diameter end overlies a central region of the loudspeaker diaphragm and such that its small diameter end extends away from the diaphragm. The loudspeaker diaphragm need not extend beyond the line on which it is connected to the funnel element, but does in the preferred embodiment. The funnel element has a cross-sectional shape that differs on planes parallel to the plane of the base which lie at different distances from the base. A funnel that is circular in cross-section at all of those parallel planes does not exhibit high fidelity response with the brilliance and clarity that distinguishes speakers having the non-uniform cross-sectional shape.