Abstract: A physical shape-conformable, disposable, self-sustaining sound dampening unit adapted to attach to the air exhaust of a pair of electric motors to dampen the noise produced by the same, which comprises:a body member formed of a thin imperforate film outer layer and a polymer foam inner layer lining the interior of said body member and having two inlet ports and at least one outlet port, the body having an interior pathway between the inlet ports and the outlet port, said inlet and outlet ports being disposed so that the incoming airstream impinges on an interior closed foam covered wall of said body and is made to turn at a right angle before reaching said outlet port.

Abstract: An exhaust processor is provided for filtering particulate matter from a combustion product. The exhaust processor includes a housing providing a main passageway having a substrate mounted therein for solid particle filtration. The housing also provides an auxiliary passageway containing a muffler for attenuating noise of combustion product. Combustion product is diverted through the auxiliary passageway after the substrate collects a predetermined amount of solid particles from combustion product to permit regeneration of the substrate by a burner.

Abstract: A double-walled cylinder in the form of an exhaust pipe, muffler, or catalytic converter is provided less heat or sound conductive in its radial direction by filling the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinder with low-density, high-temperature resistant, inorganic spheroids.

Abstract: An exhaust processor is provided for filtering particulate matter from a combustion product. The exhaust processor includes a partition situated inside a housing to form a filtering region and a bypass region in an upstream portion of the housing. A substrate is mounted in the filtering region for solid particle filtration. A muffler is situated in a downstream portion of the housing spaced apart from the partition so that the entire spacial volume of the muffler can be utilized by combustion product passing through either the filtering region or the bypass region.

Abstract: An improved design for the central power and suction unit of built-in vacuum cleaning systems, which improved design provides significant acoustic damping to substantially reduce the noise level generated from the central power and suction unit. The design further permits the canister of the central power and suction unit to rest on the floor. The motors of the central power unit are enclosed within an interior chamber which includes at its lower end a baffle supporting an acoustic damper such as acoustic foam and the interior chamber is vented through exhaust ports the tips of the armatures are separated from the remainder of the armatures and motors by the baffle and the tips of the armatures extend into another chamber which further includes a second acoustic damper within the chamber and further includes openings for permitting cooling air to enter the chamber. Through this design, the noise level generated from the motors is very substantially reduced while the motors are sufficiently cooled.

Abstract: A heating device, particularly an automotive heating device, in which a noise muffling device is integrated within the heating device. The muffler can be provided in the combustion pipe defining the combustion chamber, or the combustion pipe, itself, can be designed as the muffler. The muffler operates by absorption and/or reflection sound muffling techniques in accordance with various embodiments, and may, simultaneously, purify the combustion gases, for example, by catalytic afterburning, and/or by filtering of soot particles. The muffler is arranged in a hot zone, but not in the flame area of the combustion chamber, to achieve a self-cleaning action. In other embodiments, noise muffling material is arranged in an exhaust gas collection chamber to achieve sound muffling based on reflection and/or absorption and/or other conventional sound reduction methods. In all cases, the need for an external muffler in the exhaust line from the heating device is eliminated.

Abstract: Exhaust system for combustion engines, which comprises of a longtiudinally extending tubular member (1), in direction from a first end portion having a number of smooth portions (2, 2') alternating arranged with corrugated portions (3, 3'). At least one insert is arranged insertable into the longitudinally extending tubular member (1), held in inserted position substantially only by means of frictional contact between inserted insert and surrounding tubular member (1). The insert is arranged to cause exhaust fumes flowing through the tubular member (1) from the combustion engine to receive a changed chemical composition by means of catalytic action and/or to reduce the exhaust sound level by a change in the flow characteristics for the exhaust fumes.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising a first and a second casings having expansion chambers, respectively, a third casing arranged between the first and second casings to form a passage therebetween, an inlet pipe introducing the exhaust gas into the first expansion chamber, and an outlet pipe discharging the exhaust gas from the second expansion chamber, whereby a muffler is constituted. The apparatus also comprises a filter arranged in the third casing to trap particulates in the exhaust gas, and a heater arranged adjacent to the filter on the side of the second expansion chamber to burn the particulates deposited on the filter, to regenerate the filter. A flow control unit, comprising a bypass and a valve therein, is arranged such that the exhaust gas normally flows through the filter and the heater, and when the filter is regenerated, at least a part of the exhaust gas flows in reverse through the heater and the filter. This exhaust gas purifying apparatus is built-in to the muffler.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an exhaust gas muffler for a two-cycle engine, especially for a handheld portable tool, such as a chain saw. In exhaust gas mufflers equipped with a catalyzer, the formation of flame from the fuel-containing exhaust gases exiting from the muffler must be prevented. These exhaust gases are intensely overheated because of the exothermal process in the catalyzer. The muffler according to the invention includes a catalyzer which establishes a connection between separate component chambers of the muffler housing. The muffler can be mounted directly on the motor outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas muffler for a two-stroke engine of a portable handheld tool such as a chain saw. The exhaust gas muffler includes a catalyzer wherein high exhaust gas temperatures are developed because of the exothermal reaction which takes place therein. The catalyzer is located in the forward portion of a gas-tight hollow body mounted in the housing of the muffler. The hollow body has a tapered portion which extends out of the housing in the direction of the exhaust gas flow. In this way, the surface temperature of the muffler housing is reduced.

Abstract: Muffler apparatus for reducing both sound and particulates from exhaust gases from an engine. The apparatus includes resonating chambers, flow distribution structure and a cellular ceramic core filter module. Filter regeneration mechanism includes a heating element for heating the carbon on the inlet end of the ceramic core to combustion temperature. Particulate ignition resulting in regeneration occurs when combustion air is provided; in alternate embodiments, combustion air first flows through a preheater system. A processor unit with particular logic controls the apparatus.

Abstract: A flat, box-like muffler formed of metal upper and lower housing sections and internal gas passage defining plates has drainage holes to allow liquid that collects on the top of the muffler or on the bottom of the lower section inside the housing to drain out of the muffler. A special sound attenuation structure comprising passages pressed in the plates and support channels in the housing sections is shown.

Abstract: Muffler apparatus for reducing both sound and particulates from exhaust gases from an engine. The apparatus includes resonating chambers, flow distribution structure and a cellular ceramic core filter module. Filter regeneration mechanism includes a heating element for heating the carbon on the inlet end of the ceramic core to combustion temperature. Particulate ignition resulting in regeneration occurs when combustion air is provided; in alternate embodiments, combustion air first flows through a preheater system. A processor unit with particular logic controls the apparatus.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a compact noise abatement muffler for an internal combustion engine. The muffler includes a housing having a plurality of chambers and fluid conductors for enabling the exhaust gases passing through the muffler to achieve at least 4 changes of direction of gas flow. The muffler of the invention is capable of reducing the sound pressure level of the exhaust gases between the input and exhaust ports of the muffler in the range of 10-25 decibels.

Abstract: The silencer according to the invention contains two chambers (10,11) separated by a partition wall (14) and includes also a guide plate (25) guiding cooling air from a fan (27) through a channel (26) in which recesses (23) from one chamber terminate. By means of an ejecting function, then being formed, exhaust gases are evacuated into the channel and mixed with the cooling air to a lower temperature.

Abstract: An adsorption filter is provided by a tank which contains an adsorbent material that is capable of removing impurities from a fluid stream. Filtering may be done by the mass transfer zone principle of adsorption. The tank is formed with an elongated outer shell which is closed at one end and open at the other. An elongated core with an open upper end and a fluid opening at its lower end is centered in the open shell by a funnel that has a centrally located rod and a conical outer wall that contacts the top of the shell adjacent its open end which allows adsorbent material to be poured into the space between the shell and the core. The length of the shell is preferably at least two times as long as the mass transfer zone of the adsorbent material while the fluid opening at the lower end of the core is preferably on the order of three fourths as long as the mass transfer zone. A cap that has a port in fluid communication with the space between the shell and the core is formed by a ring of screened apertures.

Abstract: A particulate trap exhaust muffler for use with a diesel engine and comprising a casing having an internal wall dividing the casing into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber. The wall is formed with a plurality of openings and a plurality of generally parallel tubes are disposed within the outlet chamber with one end of each tube being mounted within one of the openings in the divider wall, while the other end of each tube is closed. At least a portion of the length of each tube is formed with perforations or holes. A cylindrical particulate trap is spaced concentrically outward of each tube to provide an annular chamber therebetween. Exhaust gas entering the inlet chamber flows into the tubes and through the perforations into the respective annular chambers to decrease the sound energy, and then passes outwardly through the cylindrical traps where particulate material is trapped and burned off. The exhaust gas then is discharged from the outlet chamber through an outlet.

Abstract: The exhaust muffler comprises a body (12) of ceramic material which is enclosed within a metal case (1) defining an inlet chamber (16) and an outlet chamber (18) for the exhaust gases. A blanket (20, 22) of refractory fibres resisting high temperatures, assembled with a very small amount of binder and substantially without water of constitution, is highly compressed between the body (12) and the case. A sealing element (24) surrounding the body (12) is interposed between the blanket and the gas outlet chamber (18).

Abstract: A catalytic converter has a gas pervious catalyst support member extending across a housing and dividing the housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The catalyst support member has two parallel spaced apart upper and lower foraminous sheets which undulate across the width of the container and each having a single peak and a single trough to form a catalyst containing chamber between the two sheets having a generally sinusoidal-type wave configuration when viewed in cross-section along a plane perpendicular to the length of the housing. A bed of catalyst particles substantially fills the catalyst containing chamber. A gas inlet at one end of the housing is positioned to cause gases to enter into one of the upper and lower chambers and pass through the catalyst support member and the catalyst containing chamber to the other of the upper and lower chambers, with a gas outlet at an opposite end of the housing being positioned to cause the gases to leave from the other chamber.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner apparatus having separate passages for outgoing air from the blower and for cooling air for the blower motor, and having a number of turns in each of said passages, each of said passages having a plurality of variations in cross-sectional area, the passages being provided with sound-absorbent linings.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing particulate from gases. The apparatus includes an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit, and a cylindrical gas processing chamber positioned between and interconnecting the inlet conduit and outlet conduit. The processing chamber is also connected to a particulate collection chamber by a channel. The gas processing chamber includes a cylindrical wall. A hollow cone-shaped deflector member is positioned in and spaced away from the walls of the processing chamber and is positioned between the inlet and outlet conduits. Gases entering the apparatus flow through the inlet conduit and contact the deflector member. The deflector member directs the major portion of gases from the inlet conduit radially outwardly toward the wall of the gas processing chamber. The gases deflected radially outwardly travel around the deflector member and along the wall of the processing chamber.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a nozzle or spout for a sanitary fitting, which is arranged and constructed to reduce the noise of fluid, (water), as it flows through the nozzle or spout passageway and which also removes particles entrained in the fluid, (water), before flowing through the nozzle or spout passageways, to prevent clogging.

Abstract: A silencing system for exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, comprising an intermediate silencing device for connection to the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, and a final silencing device series connected to the intermediate silencing device, in which the final silencing device comprises, within an envelope, a number of spaced annular members, intersected by radial partition walls, forming series of chambers of different size, which occupy the peripheral portion of the envelope and open towards the axial portion of this latter, leaving this axial portion substantially free for passage of the flow of exhaust gases, and an idle fan is provided for acting onto the passage for the exhaust gases and onto a passage for additional air, which passages join downstream the fan into an exhaust nosepiece. Some annular members are made of a catalytically active material in order to exert a purifying action on the exhaust gases.

Abstract: A muffler for internal combustion engine houses a catalyst for exhaust gas purification and is provided with an exhaust gas inlet pipe through which exhaust gas from the engine is fed to the upstream side of the catalyst. The exhaust gas inlet pipe includes an inlet pipe section provided therein with a venturi section through which atmospheric air as secondary air is inducted into the exhaust gas inlet pipe. The inlet pipe section is extended in the direction of exhaust gas flow to form an extension pipe section which has a length of at least two times the inner diameter of the extension pipe section, thereby suppressing cutoff frequency at lower levels.

Abstract: A muffler for use with various instruments and furnished with a spark arresting function. An inlet pipe for receiving exhaust gases from the instrument and an outlet pipe for discharging the exhaust gases to the atmosphere are arranged in an expansion chamber of a housing with their one end open to the latter. The expansion chamber is divided into two compartments by a partition having a wire net therewith. An intermediate pipe for providing fluid communication between the two compartments is mounted on the partition. The air flow area of the wire net and the cross-sectional area of the intermediate pipe are selected such that the quantity of the gases flowing through the wire net is larger than that of the gases flowing through the intermediate pipe. The outlet pipe is formed with an exhaust gas inlet through its side wall portion which is larger in area than the open one end and covered with a wire net.

Abstract: An improved exhaust system (24) uses the entire length of the system in which to perform the essential functions of muffling noise and converting unburned hydrocarbons. The improved exhaust system (24) performs these functions with a relatively uniform minimum diameter along its length. The exhaust system (24) includes a uniform outer diameter pipe (26) and elements (44) of porous material (46) forming a plurality of filters (50) through which the exhaust gas flows and which attenuates sonic frequency sound waves in the exhaust. The elements (44) are preferably elongate strips which may be folded into rectangular filters (60) or elliptical filters (90). The rectangular filters can be folded sufficiently to form squares and the elliptical filters to form circles. The rectangular filters define passageways (62-68) between the edges of the filters and inner wall (70) of the pipe (26) which further attenuates exhaust noise through imbalances in the gas flow.

Abstract: A noise muffler for a vacuum cleaner is constructed of flexible open cell foam inserts, one of which extends across an opening through which working air flows between two plenums. At this opening the foam insert is provided with a plurality of relatively large perforations. Similar perforations may be provided at the ends of the other insert, this other insert being in the downstream plenum.

Abstract: A silencer comprises a chamber with internal baffles mounted on a rod so that they can be manually reciprocated to scrape deposits off the chamber wall. A head at an end of the rod protruding from the chamber is screwable to a chamber end wall to hold the rod and baffles fixed during normal operation of the silencer. Loose material is expelled through a drain plug. The inlet and outlet are provided by a single through pipe which houses a tube separated into compartments by a partition. Gases enter the upstream compartment and flow through perforations in the tube and pipe into the chamber interior, then into an inverted trough through further perforations into the downstream compartment and the outlet. The chamber may be partly filled with water or a liquid cleanser, and may have cooling means.

Abstract: Resonator type mufflers of this invention utilize multiple chambers with inductor tubes between the chambers, and specific size and spatial relationships among the tubes and chambers. In one form of muffler suitable for industrial applications or vehicular use, elongated inductor tubes passing from one chamber to a second chamber have downstream ends spaced about 3/4 inch from the end wall of the second chamber, which has a central opening with area at least as large as the combined areas of the inductor tubes. For industrial mufflers which are required to be short, there is only one set of coextensively positioned inductor tubes, but for longer mufflers as on motorcycles, an elongated primary inductor preferably is used in addition, as a primary resonator stage.

Abstract: A noise suppressor for vacuum cleaners is characterized by a muffler formed of a succession of tubes of different cross sectional areas and lengths. The muffler defines a low pass acoustic filter, and is connected in line with an exhaust outlet from the vacuum cleaner. Preferably, the muffler is used in place of a sleeve conventionally found in a filter bag for the vacuum cleaner, and thereby acts as a stand pipe to maintain the inlet to the filter bag above collected debris so that the inlet is not choked off with debris before the bag is filled.

Abstract: A combination acoustical muffler and exhaust converter for use with internal combustion engines, comprising an elongated hollow cylinder adapted to be connected to a source of exhaust gas, screen means positioned at a plurality of longitudinally spaced locations within said cylinder for partitioning the cylinder into a plurality of chambers arranged in series flow relation with each other and with respect to the flow of exhaust gas through said cylinder, the screens having a silencing action on said exhaust gas, magnet means in one of said chambers for exerting a magnetic pressure on the gas passing therethrough to serve to separate ferrous particles from the exhaust gas stream, a packing material of mineral material, such as mineral wool, in another of said chambers for condensing moisture in said exhaust gas and for removing hydrocarbon therefrom, and a material such as a ceramic material of an extremely fine porous nature, in still another of said chambers for removing carbon monoxide from said exhaust gas

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner with a housing having a hood and at least one suction connection and at least one discharge opening, as well as with a dust filter and a suction apparatus provided with a blower and an electric motor, with the suction apparatus being surrounded by the hood. A noise damping or insulating device is arranged between the inner surface of the hood and the suction apparatus. The noise damping device has a damping sleeve surrounding the suction apparatus in the manner of a mantle.

Abstract: A muffler for internal combustion engines and comprising a housing having an inlet passageway for admitting exhaust gases into the interior of the housing and an outlet passageway for discharging the exhaust gases from the housing, the interior of the housing providing a fluid passageway having a cross-sectional area greater than the cross-sectional area of the inlet and outlet passageways for reducing back pressure as the gases move through the muffler, baffles disposed within the housing and in the fluid passageway for providing a tortuous path of travel for the gases moving between the inlet and outlet passageways to increase the length of the travel of the gases through the muffler and to provide alcoves or pockets in the interior of the housing for cushioning the flow of the gases therethrough in order to equalize the pressure within the muffler, and a passageway providing communication between the interior of the housing and the combustion chamber of the engine for directing a portion of the hot exhaust

Abstract: A hand vacuum cleaner includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, and a front and a rear part connectable with each other so as to constitute the housing. The housing has a front face and a rear face spaced from the inlet in the flow direction of incoming contaminated air entering the housing. A dust filter is located in the housing at the rear face thereof. A blower is located in the housing for aspirating the contaminated air into the housing through the inlet and into the dust filter and for urging the filtered air therefrom in a second direction towards the outlet. An intermediate plate is provided in the interior of the housing, which has a first formation constituting a first passage for the incoming contaminated air, a second formation constituting a second passage for guiding the filtered air from the dust filter towards the outlet and a third formation for fixing thereon the blower.

Abstract: A combined sound damper and oil trap for compressed air apparatus comprising an oil trap having a hose or tube (5) which is directly connected to the compressed air apparatus and which at the outer end thereof encloses a scraper sleeve (7), whereby a radial space is formed between the scraper sleeve (7) and the hose or tube. The hose or tube is connected to an oil collector housing (1) whereas the scraper sleeve (7) is connected to a pressure chamber (2) which in turn directly communicates with a filter housing (3) containing a sound damper. The said sound damper comprises both a diffusor plate (11) provided between the pressure chamber and the filter housing (3) and a filter (12) which is mounted at the outlet end of the filter housing. The diffusor plate (11) provides a damping of low frequency noise and a substantially even distribution of the outlet air over the entire diffusor plate, and the filter (12) provides both a separation of oil mist from the outlet air and a damping of high frequency noise.

Abstract: A sound absorbing structure for a flow duct composed of a bundle of parallel, terminated, acoustical waveguides. The bundle of waveguides is cut obliquely so that the individual waveguides vary substantially in length along the cut. The bundle is arranged within a structure which is revolvable about its longitudinal axis. The exterior surface of the structure is spaced from the interior wall of the duct. The longitudinal axis of each of the waveguides is located substantially perpendicular to the axis of revolution. The structure revolves during passage of gas through the duct.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine air cleaner assembly has a lower supporting tray wall, a top cover or enclosure wall, and a side wall, together defining a hollow air expansion chamber containing a filter element; the chamber has an air inlet and an outlet opening to the engine that lies in the plane of the lower wall, the outlet being part of an angled outlet orifice cowl asymmetrically positioned with respect to the centerline of the surrounding side and top walls and surrounding the outlet and having an inlet that is in a plane inclined to the planes of the top and side walls to reduce noise.

Abstract: A centrifugal fan is treated acoustically by the provision of tuned noise absorption cavities preferably including absorbent infill between an acoustically permeable scroll and casing of the fan. Alternatively, or in addition an acoustically absorbent panel structure is provided in spaced confronting relationship with the inlet port of the fan. The panel structure has an acoustically permeable facing spaced from a rigid backing and the space may be divided into noise absorption cavities and specifically Helmholtz type absorption cavities, the absorption bands of which are broadened by including acoustic infill. It is most advantageous to provide a multiplicity of Helmholtz absorption cavities tuned to respective different center frequencies of their acoustic absorption bands.

Abstract: A silencer-separator having a cylindrical casing of circular cross section which is divided into an upper separator chamber and a lower expansion chamber. An inlet pipe directs a gas stream into the expansion chamber, and a pair of angularly disposed tubes direct the gas upward through a divider into the separator chamber with a swirling motion along the interior wall surface. A tubular central outlet extends through the upper end closure and has an entrance a substantial vertical distance therebelow. A peripheral baffle adjacent the interior wall collects entrained particles in the separator section and the collected particles are drained through a tube that may lead to the bottom of the expansion chamber. A perforated cylindrical body filled with a noise-attenuating fibrous substance is coaxially supported within the central outlet.

Abstract: A spark arrestor aspirating muffler for an internal combustion engine which comprises an outer body or housing having an exhaust gas inlet in one end and a gas outlet in the opposite end. Located immediately upstream of the outlet is a venturi and air is drawn into the throat of the venturi through an air inlet tube connected to a pre-cleaner for the engine. A baffle plate containing a series of louvered openings is positioned upstream of the venturi and the exhaust gases entering the gas inlet conduit are swirled outwardly as they pass through the louvered openings and are discharged through the venturi. The solid particles in the swirling exhaust gas are thrown outwardly and move along the inner surface of a tubular member which is secured to the downstream side of the baffle and are collected in a collection chamber.

Abstract: A system for diffusing exhaust gases and controlling and suppressing backfire in an industrial truck is disclosed. Exhaust gases from the truck engine are first passed through a spark arresting muffler to remove hot, solid particles from the gas stream. The gases are then routed to a diffuser which is mounted on the truck's overhead guard. The diffuser contains a venturi and an air intake manifold to mix outside air with the gas stream and complete the ignition of unburned backfire gases. The diffuser includes a transverse diffusion chamber for substantially containing and burning backfires therein and a series of thin exit pipes for dispersing the gases and quenching exiting flames produced by the backfires within the chamber.

Abstract: A silencer which may be arranged in place in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes walls forming the main body of the silencer; a first separator supported by the walls to define a rear chamber therebetween; a second separator supported by the walls to define a first intermediate chamber between the walls and the first and second separators; a flame-extinguishing device supported by the walls to define a second intermediate chamber in combination with the walls, the second separator and the flame-extinguishing device as well as to define a front chamber between the walls and the flame-extinguishing device; an inlet pipe in fluid communication with the front chamber whereby an exhaust gas may flow from the inlet pipe into the front chamber; an outlet pipe in fluid communication with the first intermediate chamber whereby the exhaust gas may flow out of the first intermediate chamber through the outlet pipe; and an inner pipe having a plurality of apertures formed therein.

Abstract: An engine muffler which includes a chamber divided into two balanced sections, an inlet pipe that extends through a first chamber into the second, and a transfer tube for carrying exhaust gas from the second chamber to the first. A spark arrester at the exit end of the muffler includes a plurality of slightly spaced plates that permit the outflow of gas but not of large carbon particles, and a closed dish-shaped end plate for receiving the carbon particles.

Abstract: A muffler and spark arrester for use on an internal combustion engine has an outer tube extending along an axis between an inlet and an outlet. A perforate inner tube is disposed coaxially within the outer tube and merges therewith adjacent the inlet and is in effect connected thereto near the outlet by a partially toroidal end wall. Sound absorbing material is lodged between the inner and outer tubes. A plurality of nested, partially toroidal cups is disposed coaxially adjacent the end wall. A resonator-arrester chamber is coaxially nested with the toroidal cups. A central tube is held by a gas barrier wall coaxially within a portion of the inner tube. The parts are held together by an axially extending through bolt.