Abstract: An energy absorber includes a base sheet and a plurality of recovering crush lobes extending from the base sheet. The crush lobes protect an adjacent object by cushioning the blow following repeated impacts in both vehicular and non-vehicular (e.g. helmets) environments. Each crush lobe includes a side wall that is oriented to buckle or bend and then spring back after absorbing energy when impacted. At least one of the base sheet and an end wall of at least one crush lobe optionally includes a number (X) of integrally-formed protruding countermeasures where 0<=X<1000 of lower standing strength than the crush lobes. Methods related to the above are also described.

Abstract: An interdigitated cellular cushioning system includes an array of void cells protruding from each of two binding layers interdigitated between the two binding layers. Peaks of each of the void cells are attached to the opposite binding layer forming the interdigitated cellular cushioning system. The interdigitated cellular cushioning system may be used to absorb and distribute a source of kinetic energy incident on the interdigitated cellular cushioning system (e.g., an impact or explosion) so that the amount of force transmitted through the interdigitated cellular cushioning system is low enough that it does not cause injury to personnel or damage to personnel and/or equipment adjacent the interdigitated cellular cushioning system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lower shock-absorbing apparatus for washing machine packing that supports and protects a washing machine to prevent damage to the washing machine during transportation of the washing machine. The lower shock-absorbing apparatus includes a cap mounted at a drive shaft mounted to a washing tub to rotate the washing tub, a reinforcement guide to receive the cap, and a lower cushion disposed below the washing tub to absorb shock applied to the washing tub and to receive the reinforcement guide.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a core of individual components having properties such that a system assembled from the components absorbs the kinetic energy of a moving vehicle. The components may be interlocking components. The components may be manufactured of ceramic or polymeric composite or other materials that are strong enough to absorb the vehicle's energy and help stop the vehicle safely by the system's ability to crush or deform upon impact, and not so strong that it causes the vehicle to crumple against the barrier. In one particular embodiment, the components may be modified packing elements that are traditionally used in gas to liquid columns.

Abstract: A catcher bracket disposed between a powertrain and a sub-frame of a vehicle. The catcher bracket defines a load path in a collision that is sufficient to displace the powertrain that directs the force of the impact through the catcher bracket to a sub-frame of the vehicle. The sub-frame is connected to the body structure of the vehicle by fasteners that fracture to decouple the powertrain and sub-frame from the body structure of the vehicle to reduce the collision pulse.

Abstract: An impact-absorbing compressible member includes a thin-walled enclosure defining an inner chamber containing a volume of fluid such as air. The enclosure includes one or more orifices which as sized and positioned to allow air to vent from the inner chamber in response to an impact on the member and to refill the inner chamber in response to an impact on the member and to refill the inner chamber after the impact is released. The enclosure is formed of a blow-molded thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material which is economical to make and durable in use. The compressible members can be used as building blocks for impact-absorbing shell structures for a wide variety of application such helmets, protective pads for body parts, sports arena wall padding, vehicular bumpers, dashboards and the like. The compressible member has impact-absorbing advantages over conventional foams currently used in those applications.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an energy absorbing system includes a tube section having a distal end and an energy absorber mounted to the tube section and receiving its distal end, the energy absorber including a folding section and a compressing section inward, the folding section being adapted to fold opposed walls of the tube section and the compressing section being adapted to compress the tube section after it has been folded.

Abstract: An interdigitated cellular cushioning system includes an array of void cells protruding from each of two binding layers interdigitated between the two binding layers. Peaks of each of the void cells are attached to the opposite binding layer forming the interdigitated cellular cushioning system. The interdigitated cellular cushioning system may be used to absorb and distribute a source of kinetic energy incident on the interdigitated cellular cushioning system (e.g., an impact or explosion) so that the amount of force transmitted through the interdigitated cellular cushioning system is low enough that it does not cause injury to personnel or damage to personnel and/or equipment adjacent the interdigitated cellular cushioning system.

Abstract: A polymeric crash box (10) for a motor vehicle, having a first open frontal extremity (12) and a second rear extremity (14), and besides it includes a substantially alveolar structure (20) having a plurality of channels (30) realized in just one piece which extends internally to the polymeric crash box (10), besides each channel (30) being internally tapered towards the second rear extremity (14). The substantially alveolar structure (20) includes a second plurality of channels (40) realized in just one piece with the plurality of channels (30), besides each channel (40) being internally tapered towards the first open frontal extremity (12). Besides each channel (40) internally tapered towards the first open frontal extremity (12) it is surrounded by channels (30) internally tapered towards the second rear extremity (14).

Abstract: There is provided a collision energy absorbing apparatus, in particular, a collision energy absorbing apparatus for use in a vehicle, having a plurality of absorption phases, including: a first deformation part undergoing a first plastic deformation due to expansion so as to absorb collision energy generated in the event of a vehicle accident; a second transformation part disposed in line with an end of the first deformation part, the second transformation part undergoing a second plastic deformation after the first plastic deformation of the first deformation part so as to sequentially absorb collision energy in the event of a vehicle accident; and an expansion inducing part combined with an end of the second deformation part and disposed between the first deformation part and the second deformation part to guide the first plastic deformation of the first deformation part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crash structure having adjustable rigidity for a deformation element for a vehicle, wherein the crash structure comprises a continuously adjustable rigidity, in that at least one blocking element (SR) moves in a plane rotated by an angle relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis with respect to a profile (MW), so that the rigidity is adjusted by a position of the at least one blocking element reached by the motion.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an energy absorbing assembly comprises a foam stage having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface comprises a recess; and a thermoplastic stage comprising a frame and crush lobes; wherein the crush lobes extend from the frame of the thermoplastic stage into the recess. In another embodiment, a method of making an energy absorbing assembly comprises forming a foam stage having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface comprises recesses; forming a thermoplastic stage having a frame and crush lobes protruding from the frame; and engaging the recesses and the crush lobes to form the energy absorbing assembly.

Abstract: A system for joining a crash attenuator to a vehicle is operated by moving the crash attenuator into a joining position directly behind the vehicle and dropping a pair of hooks extending from an upper end of one of the vehicle and the crash attenuator over an engagement pin disposed on an upper end of the other of the vehicle and the crash attenuator, so that the hook and the engagement pin are engaged. Two sets of holes disposed on lower ends of each of the vehicle and the crash attenuator are aligned, and a securing pin is inserted through each set of aligned holes, for redundancy.

Abstract: A shock absorber (29) for downhole use comprises an elongate, hollow member defined by a series of mutually aligned, plastically deformable perforated members (38) having aligned perforations that define the hollowness of the elongate, hollow member that are spaced from one another in the direction of elongation by respective relatively rigid spacer members (39) that are secured to the perforated members. The elements of each pair of perforated members (38) of the series are so spaced from one another by one or more of the spacer members (39) such that on compression of the shock absorber (29) the perforated members (38) deform plastically to a lesser extent in regions at which the spacer members (39) are secured than at other regions. The arrangement of the perforated members (38) and the spacer members (39) causes compression to occur substantially parallel to the length of the shock absorber (29).

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle, notably a motor vehicle, chassis frame side rail made up of two section pieces of U-shaped cross section, welded together by longitudinal connecting tabs juxtaposed contiguously and more or less perpendicularly extending the ends of the branches of the U, in which each section piece has, between each of the tabs and the branches of the U that it extends, a joining area that forms two separate longitudinal plastic hinges that deform if the side rail is deformed by longitudinal compression so as to keep the welded joint between the tabs intact.

Abstract: A shock absorbing system applicable to the bumper of a vehicle including a shock absorber with a deformable tube and a retaining device of the absorber including a mechanism susceptible to adopting at least one blocking position and one releasing position in which it prevents and allows, respectively, the displacement of a retaining portion of the absorber in an axial direction. The mechanism includes two rotating retaining connecting rods in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the deformable tube, linked to one another such that the rotation of any one of the connecting rods is transmitted to the other to achieve a similar movement but in the opposite direction; and an electromechanical transducer to displace the mechanism from the blocking position to the releasing position.

Abstract: A recess is formed at the center of a bumper absorber, provided on the vehicle outer side of a bumper reinforcement, so as to face forward, and an upper recess wall face of an upper absorber portion located on the upper side of the recess is inclined downward. If the subject vehicle is small in height and the amount of vertical overlap between the bumper absorber and the rear bumper of other vehicle (a barrier used in the narrow vertical overlap barrier test of the IIHS) is small, in the initial collision stage, the rear bumper of the other vehicle is guided by the inclined upper recess wall face to move relatively downward while the bumper of the subject vehicle moves relatively upward, preventing underride, increasing the amount of vertical overlap between the rear bumper of the other vehicle and the bumper absorber, and thus achieving reliable impact absorption.

Abstract: The invention relates to an active vibration isolation system which detects structural vibration of the mass to be isolated via a sensor and also takes account of these disturbance variables.

Abstract: A shock absorbing member according to the present invention includes an outer peripheral wall (1) having a polygonal cross-sectional shape and including a plurality of side portions (2), and a plurality of ribs (5), on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall (1), radially extending from a central axis and connected to an intermediate position of each of the side portions (2).

Abstract: A mouse hole damper device positioned at the bottom portion of a mouse hole pipe, the mouse hole damper being arranged to dampen an impact from an object falling in the mouse hole pipe, and the mouse hole damper including a material which has been worked into forming walls around elongated openings, and the material being arranged in such a way that the openings are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mouse hole pipe.

Abstract: It is desired to make a shock absorbing structure small in size. The shock absorbing structure includes a beam-like structural member having a concave section; and a shock absorbing member, one end of which is arranged in the concave section to abut to the structural member and the other end of which is arranged outside the structural member. Even in a case of a dead stroke when the shock absorbing member is bottomed out, the concave section overlaps with the structural member supporting the structure, so that there is no wasteful space.

Abstract: Disclosed is the outer support member and the inner support member each have a vertical wall and upper and lower horizontal walls. The vertical walls of the outer support member and inner support member are formed on the outer surfaces of the respective support members. The inner edges of the upper and lower horizontal walls are inclined from the rear portions thereof toward front center portions thereof. Thus, the performance of the crash box of the present invention may satisfy the requirements for both an offset test and a barrier test, reduce the weight of the bumper beam assembly to thereby reduce costs, and improve the performance and fuel efficiency of the vehicle.

Abstract: An object is to provide an impact-absorbing structure superior in impact-absorbing capacity. An impact-absorbing structure includes a pair of flat, plate-like face plates arranged to oppose each other with a predetermined distance therebetween; a core member arranged between the face plates and fixed to the face plates; and a composite-material tube arranged between the face plates, at the core member side, the impact-absorbing member extending in one direction and fracturing progressively due to an impact compression force acting in the one direction. The composite-material tube is fixed to the face plates at one portion constituting a bonded region and is allowed to move relative to the face plates at a remaining portion constituting a non-bonded region.

Abstract: A second shock absorbing portion (18) includes an encirclement wall (42) and ribs (46) which are formed to have a height greater than that of an encirclement wall (40) and ribs (44) in a first shock absorbing portion (20). The ribs (44) and the ribs (46) have substantially the same wall thickness, and the number of the ribs (44) is the same as the number of the ribs (46). Accordingly, the second shock absorbing portion (18) is more brittle than the first shock absorbing portion (20), since the second shock absorbing portion (18) is made to have a height greater than that of the first shock absorbing portion (20). Further, the first shock absorbing portion (20) is placed in a vehicle inner side, while the second shock absorbing portion (18) is placed in a vehicle outer side.

Abstract: A metallic hollow columnar member with a polygonal cross-section having at least five vertices and sides extending between the vertices, is disclosed. The polygonal cross-section is divided by two vertices (A, B) with small inside angles into two perimeter segments with a perimeter comprising one or more sides, and at least one of the two perimeter segments contains at least four sides. The respective inside angles of at least three vertices (V(i)) included in the perimeter segment which includes the at least four sides are equal to or less than 180°, the distance (SS(i)) between each of the at least three vertices (V(i)) and a straight line (L) connecting the two vertices (A, B) is shorter than ½ of the distance between the two vertices (A, B), and the inside angle of the vertex (C) with the smallest inside angle among the at least three vertices (V(i)) is larger than the inside angles of the two vertices (A, B).

Abstract: A protector allows for the engagement and protection of a segment of an upright from an impact force by an external object and for absorbing and damping the resulting impact force. The protector comprises a protector body and a shim. The protector body allows engagement and positioning of the protector on at least a segment of the upright. The protector body is also partially constructed of an energy absorbing and damping material and having an outer surface and an inner surface. The outer surface is positionable to receive the impact force from the external object. The inner surface is positionable to abut the upright, when the protector is in engagement with the upright. The shim is least partially embedded in the protector body and provides increased structural support for the protector body. The shim also has a stiffness different than the stiffness of the protector body.

Abstract: Dynamic load-absorbing materials suitable for use as cushion-type and armor-type materials, for example, of types that can be incorporated into protective gear, equipment, armor, vehicles, and various other structures, or used for the isolation and dissipation of vibratory loads, such as vibration isolators used to support avionic equipment. The impact-absorbing materials include a matrix material (22) and at least first and second sets of inclusions (which can be either included material or voids) (24) in the matrix material (22) that define a hierarchy of inclusions (24) in the matrix material (22). The inclusions (24) differ in size, quantity, shape and/or composition in a direction through the impact-absorbing material, the combination of which contributes to the ability of the material to exhibit at least one property that changes as the inclusions (24) are deformed under load.

Abstract: A method of vehicular safety management is disclosed in which a garment or like product is worn by an occupant of the vehicle. The garment includes crushable elements which absorb or dissipate energy on fracture from impact. An article of manufacture is disclosed which is worn by a vehicle occupant during travel and which incorporates component elements which fracture on impact and thereby dissipate collision energy.

Abstract: A hollow columnar shock absorbing member (1) has an axis (O), a plurality of rectangular walls (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) extending parallel to axis (O), and a polygonal cross-section perpendicular to axis (O), the shock absorbing member extending in the direction of axis (O) and absorbing externally-applied impact energy while buckling in the direction of axis (O). Shock absorbing member (1) is provided with at least two flanges (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) protruding from at least two edges (1e, 1f, 1g, 1h) formed by at least two sets of neighboring walls among a plurality of walls, and the at least two flanges are arranged so that the directions of protrusion of the flanges from the edges are directed to the same direction with respect to a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A crush box arranged between a side member of a vehicle body and a bumper reinforcement member, the crush box including: a main body portion arranged in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle and formed in a tubular shape, the main body portion having first and second portions; a vehicle body attaching portion arranged at a first end of the main body portion; and a bumper attaching portion arranged at a second end of the main body portion, wherein vertical cross-sections of both the first portion adjacent to the vehicle body attaching portion and the second portion adjacent to the bumper attaching portion are polygonal shapes, and the number of vertices of the polygonal shape of the vertical cross-section of the second portion is greater than the number of vertices of the polygonal shape of the vertical cross-section of the first portion.

Abstract: An energy absorbing body includes: a first energy absorbing member (28A) that contains a rigid polyurethane foam (20A); a second energy absorbing member (20B) that contains a rigid polyurethane foam (28B) and that has different compressive stress compared to the first energy absorbing member (28A); and a partitioning member (20C) that contains a rigid polyurethane foam, that is disposed between the first energy absorbing member (20A) and the second energy absorbing member (20B), and that has a smaller difference in compressive stress with respect to the first energy absorbing member (20A) than a difference in compressive stress with respect to the second energy absorbing member (20B).

Abstract: An energy absorbing device including a housing having a first end and a second end longitudinally opposed from the first end, a crushing member positioned proximate the first end, a stopping member longitudinally spaced apart from the crushing member, an energy absorbing member positioned between the crushing member and the stopping member, and a linking member connected to the crushing member.

Abstract: A first shock absorber group is obtained by combining a plurality of shock absorber blocks, absorbs a shock in a direction parallel to an end surface of a cask, consisting of a first material. A second shock absorber group absorbs the shock in a direction perpendicular to or oblique with respect to the end surface, consisting of a second material having a weaker compressive strength than the first material. A third shock absorber group absorbs the shock in a direction perpendicular to the end surface, consisting of a third material having a weaker compressive strength than the second material. A space is provided at least in the first shock absorber group.

Abstract: Shock absorbers for integration into protective structures generally take the form of hollow, compressible cells. The cell enclosure may be configured to provide for two or more compression stages. For example, in various embodiments, the cell enclosure includes one or more corrugations descending from the top wall, which, upon contact with the bottom wall, contribute to impact absorption.

Abstract: There is provided a shock absorbing structure that can improve shock absorption performance by stabilizing the compressive deformation of a shock absorbing member in an axial direction. High-strength portions controlling deformation and low-strength portions controlling deformation are alternately disposed. Accordingly, when a shock is applied to a front side member from the front side of a vehicle, the front side member can be deformed in the shape of a bellows. Further, the respective low-strength portions, which are disposed closer to a rear end side in a longitudinal direction, have higher strength. Therefore, the front side member can be sequentially deformed from a front end side.

Abstract: Construction is achieved that more completely protects the driver of a vehicle during a secondary collision by gradually increasing the impact load that is absorbed by an energy absorbing member 22b the more the steering wheel displaces in the forward direction. The energy absorbing member 22b comprises a base section 27a that is provided in the center section, and a pair of impact absorbing sections 28b that extend in the forward direction from both ends of the base section 27a and have U-shaped bent back curved sections 29b in the middle section. Of these impact absorbing sections 28b, at least the portions that are nearer the tip end side than the bent back curved sections 29b are pressed so that the height of the energy absorbing member 22b with respect to a stroking section 32 gradually increases going in a direction from the bent back curved sections 29b toward the tip end side of the energy absorbing sections 28b.

Abstract: A shock absorber which can be easily attached and which can reduce the installation space is provided. The shock absorber in accordance with the present invention is characterized by including a front wall to receive shock, a rear wall opposing the front wall, and peripheral walls connecting peripheries of the front wall and the rear wall, and at least one attaching section to attach onto an attaching object is formed to be integral with the rear wall, and shock received by the front wall is propagated via the rear wall to the attaching object.

Abstract: The energy-absorption device (5) for a motor vehicle that comprises: a first energy-absorption member (50), in a first plastic material, provided so as to perfectly deform under the effect of an impact of given energy by absorbing a first portion of the energy of said impact; a second energy-absorption member (52), in a second plastic material different from the first plastic material, provided so as to plastically deform under the effect of said impact of given energy by absorbing a second portion of the energy of said impact; the first and second energy-absorption members (50, 52) being conformed so that the energy-absorption device (5) has a total intrusion-resisting force comprised between 75 and 200 kN, at any temperature comprised between ?30° C. and 80° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy absorption device for a motor vehicle, said device comprising a structure provided so as to plastically deform under the effect of an impact of a given energy, the structure being made of a matrix of a ductile plastic material and high-tenacity fibers embedded in the matrix, the majority of the fibers having a length of between 0.1 and 10 mm, and the material comprising between 2 and 10 wt % of high-tenacity fibers.

Abstract: Provided is a shock-absorbing member that does not increase the cost of automobile and that can increase the absorbed energy per unit weight of the shock-absorbing member. A shock-absorbing member 1 includes a tubular main body portion 3, a bent portion 5 that is formed continuous with the main body portion 3, and a flange 7 provided at the proximal end of the main body portion 3 via the bent portion 5. The main body portion 3 is caused to undergo eversion deformation by a shock power acting on the distal end of the main body portion 3 so that shock energy is absorbed. The main body portion 3 has regular polygonal cross-section orthogonal to the axial direction, and has a tapered shape that an area of the cross-section orthogonal to the axial direction decreases toward the distal end.

Abstract: A protective device for securement to a hard surface to soften an impact of a vehicle against the surface includes a shock absorbing material forming a device core and a flexible membrane coating the shock absorbing material to enclose the shock absorbing material and provide a substantially soft, non-scratching surface. The core may be a foam material such as a polystyrene foam or a polyethylene foam. The membrane may be an aliphatic acrylic polyurethane material applied over the core. The device can take may shapes depending upon the shape of the surface on which it is to be mounted. An L shaped device can be mounted over a right angle wall or pillar corner, a portion of a ring, such as a semicircle, can be mounted over a round pillar, and a flat device can be mounted on a flat wall.

Abstract: A connecting rod including two non-connected rod elements coaxial with a longitudinal axis which are offset along the longitudinal axis, and an energy-absorption device that absorbs energy by plastic deformation. The energy-absorption device includes a coaxial hollow tube with a wall which deforms plastically when subjected to an axial compressive force exceeding a certain threshold, a coaxial pin having ends immobilized with respect to the rod elements in the event of tensile forces, and a sleeve fitting over the two facing ends of the rod elements which are positioned one on each side of the energy-absorption device, the sleeve being slidable with respect to one rod element in order to allow the hollow tube and/or the pin to deform and absorb energy. The sleeve limits a range of deformation so that a breaking point of the energy-absorption device is not reached.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural part (13) capable of dissipating energy delivered during an impact that compresses the part along an axis Z, including a web (131) having two opposite surfaces (133), characterized in that the part includes: a through-window (134) extending between the opposite surfaces of the web, dividing the web into two main portions, referred to as “first portion” (135) and “second portion” (136) respectively, arranged in series along the Z axis; and a device, referred to as an energy-dissipation device, including a cutting element (112, 122) arranged within the window and able to cut at least one of the portions of the web into strips (139) as a result of a compressive force exerted on the part along the Z axis, and an element (113, 123) for clearing away the strips thus formed.

Abstract: An energy absorber includes opposing aligned crush lobes expandable in opposite directions, and when expanded, potentially collapse with different energy-absorbing rates and stroke distances. The energy absorber forms a subassembly design that is adaptable and easily modified for predetermined energy absorption crush curves and specific energy-absorbing circumstances, such that it can be used inside a vehicle passenger compartment or outside a vehicle in different locations, such as for a knee bolster on the instrument panel, or on a door inner panel, or on an under-knee seat component, or on a headliner or A-pillar cover, or hood-lifter for pedestrian safety. One version of the energy absorber includes formed sheets bonded along a perimeter to define two cavities and an inflator-holding pocket connected to the cavities by integrally-formed tunnels.

Abstract: While comprising filled minor compartments being filled with an inclusion in which a liquid makes the major component, and vacant minor compartments being filled with the air, at least one of the vacant minor compartments adjoins the filled minor compartments, and a fragile section is formed in at least one of ribs that demarcate the filled minor compartments and the adjoining vacant minor compartments. After the fragile section has fractured, shock energy can be absorbed furthermore by means of circulation resistance to the inclusion that flows from the filled minor compartments to the vacant minor compartments.

Abstract: A multistage energy absorber device is provided that includes at least two generally tubular members. Each of the generally tubular members has a first end and a second end. The second generally tubular member is independent of the first generally tubular member and fits within the first generally tubular member. The first ends of the generally tubular members are substantially flush with each other, but the second end of the second generally tubular member protrudes sufficiently beyond the second end of the first generally tubular member to form a first deformation stage. The first and second generally tubular members extend coextensively sufficiently from the first ends of the first and second generally tubular members to the second end of the first generally tubular member to form a second deformation stage.

Abstract: A shock absorbing member may include a cylindrical member that is configured to receive an impact load axially applied and to be axially collapsed, a wood member that is received in the cylindrical member while an axial direction of annual rings thereof is aligned with an axial direction of the cylindrical member, and positioning means for positioning axially both end portions of the wood member relative to axially both end portions of the cylindrical member such that a clearance can be formed between an outer surface of the wood member and an inner wall surface of the cylindrical member over an entire circumference thereof. The wood member and the cylindrical member are configured to receive the impact load in an axial direction thereof.

Abstract: Arresting beds for decelerating vehicles, especially passenger air-crafts unable to stop on available run-way, including a vehicle arresting system. The vehicle arresting system also includes a bed filled with foamed glass aggregate with particle sizes ranging from 0.25 cm to 15 cm and nominal void fractions from about 70 to 98%, and a top cover covering the upper surface of the bed of foamed glass aggregate.

Abstract: A bumper block assembly configured to be coupled to a bumper of a trailer includes a compressible bumper block including a generally horizontal bore extending from an outer surface of the bumper block to an inner surface of the bumper block and an outer cap coupled to the bumper block. The outer cap includes an outer wall engaged with the outer surface of the bumper block and further includes an aperture formed therethrough that is aligned with the bore of the bumper block. A bolt of the bumper block assembly is received through the aperture of the outer cap and the bore of the bumper block in order to couple the bumper block assembly to the bumper of the trailer. A spring of the assembly is positioned around a threaded end portion of the bolt in order to maintain the bolt recessed within the aperture of the outer cap as the outer cap and bumper block are moved between expanded and compressed positions.

Abstract: A sliding sleeve for frac operations or the like has a housing, a sleeve, and a shock absorber. The sleeve is movable within the housing's internal passage relative to flow ports. The shock absorber, which can have a cylindrical body, positions partially in the sleeve's internal passage and has a distal end that extends beyond the sleeve. A lip on the sleeve's end is engageable with the internal shoulder. When a ball is dropped on the sleeve's ball seat and pumped fluid forces the sleeve to an open position, the shock absorber absorbs the movement of the sleeve. To absorber the movement, the shock absorber breaks one or more shear pin connections with the sleeve, interposes its lip between the sleeve's distal end and the internal shoulder, and fractures at least a portion of its distal end from the impact with the sleeve.