Abstract: A storage container storing a treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor is provided, wherein the occurrence of defects on the semiconductor, such as particles, is suppressed and a fine resist pattern or a fine semiconductor element is manufactured. The storage container includes a storage portion that stores the treatment liquid, wherein the treatment liquid includes one kind or two or more kinds of metal atoms selected from Cu, Fe, and Zn, and a total content of particulate metal that is a metal component derived from the metal atoms and that is a nonionic metal component present in the treatment liquid as a solid without being dissolved is 0.01 to 100 mass ppt with respect to a total mass of the treatment liquid.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas sensor is provided. The hydrogen gas sensor includes a polycarbonate substrate having hydrophobic nanostructures. The hydrogen gas sensor further includes a palladium layer in the form of nanoscale petals on the hydrophobic nanostructure. A method of making the hydrogen gas sensor is also provided. The method of making the hydrogen gas sensor includes fabricating the polycarbonate substrate. The method of making the hydrogen gas sensor further includes coating the polycarbonate substrate with the palladium layer. A method of using the hydrogen gas sensor is also provided. The method of using the hydrogen gas sensor includes contacting a palladium coated hydrophobic nanostructure of the hydrogen gas sensor with a gas sample comprising hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A thermoplasmonic device includes a titanium film and a plurality of titanium nitride tube elements disposed on the titanium film. Each of the titanium nitride tube elements includes an open top and a titanium nitride bottom. Each of the titanium nitride tube elements has titanium nitride tubular middle portion that extends from the open top to the titanium nitride bottom.

Abstract: A storage container storing a treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor is provided, wherein the occurrence of defects on the semiconductor, such as particles, is suppressed and a fine resist pattern or a fine semiconductor element is manufactured. The storage container includes a storage portion that stores a treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor, and the treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor includes one kind or two or more kinds of metal atoms and a total content of particulate metal is 0.01 to 100 mass ppt with respect to a total mass of the treatment liquid.

Abstract: A titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotubes is taken as a bottom layer, and titanium sub-oxide doped ruthenium oxide is taken as a surface composite active layer. A titanium substrate is anodized in a fluorine-containing ionic electrolyte, taken out, subjected to heating and roasting, cooled and then subjected to cathodic electrochemical reduction in polarizing liquid, so that a titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is obtained; and then the titanium-based titanium sub-oxide nanotube electrode is taken as a cathode to be electrodeposited in a ruthenium trichloride electrolyte doped with titanium sub-oxide powder, taken out and then subjected to heating and roasting, so that the titanium sub-oxide/ruthenium oxide composite electrode is obtained.

Abstract: An electrochemical detection electrode includes: a plurality of electrode structures; and a plurality of groups of detection structures on the plurality of electrode structures; wherein: the plurality of groups of detection structures include a first group of detection structures and a second group of detection structures, each of the first group of detection structures on one of the plurality of electrode structures having a first shape in a plane parallel to a surface of one of the plurality of electrode structures is configured to combine with a first detection object, each of the second group of detection structures on one of the plurality of electrode structures having a second shape in a plane parallel to a surface of one of the plurality of electrode structures is configured to combine with a second detection object; and wherein the first shape is different from the second shape.

Abstract: Downhole drilling tools and methods for drilling and detecting carbon dioxide leakage in a subsurface reservoir are disclosed. The tools include a cylindrical body; a sensor module including a plurality of sensors including a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, and a plurality of TiO2 nanotubes, and an electric line located between and connecting the first and the second conductive electrodes; and a communication device communicatively connected to the sensor module; wherein the sensor module and the communication device are attached to an outer surface of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the fabrication of cobalt interconnections and to an electrolyte which enables the implementation thereof. The electrolyte which has a pH below 4.0 comprises cobalt ions, chloride ions and at most two organic additives of low molecular weight. One of these additives may be an alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid or a compound having a pKa value ranging from 1.8 to 3.5.

Abstract: An electrode (10) is disclosed. The electrode (10) comprises an electrode substrate (20). A layer of TiOx (30, 40) with a total thickness in the range of between 40-200 ?m is present on at least one surface of the electrode substrate (20) and a porosity of layer of TiOx (30, 40) is below 15%. An electro-catalytic layer (50) comprising oxides of ruthenium and cerium according comprising at least 50 molar % ruthenium oxides is present on layer of TiOx (30, 40) and wherein x is in the range 1-2 for the layer of TiOx. A process for the manufacture of the electrode (10) is disclosed as are uses thereof.

Abstract: A wet electrolytic capacitor containing a cathode, fluidic working electrolyte, and planar anode formed from an anodically oxidized sintered porous pellet is provided. The pellet may be formed from a pressed valve metal powder, which in turn, is formed by reacting an oxide of a valve metal compound (e.g., tantalum pentoxide) with a reducing agent that contains a metal having an oxidation state of 2 or more (e.g., magnesium). Through the use of such a powder, the present inventors have discovered that higher capacitance levels can be achieved than previously thought possible for the high voltage capacitors employed in implantable medical devices.

Abstract: A storage container storing a treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor is provided, wherein the occurrence of defects on the semiconductor, such as particles, is suppressed and a fine resist pattern or a fine semiconductor element is manufactured. The storage container includes a storage portion that stores a treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor, and the treatment liquid for manufacturing a semiconductor includes one kind or two or more kinds of metal atoms and a total content of particulate metal is 0.01 to 100 mass ppt with respect to a total mass of the treatment liquid.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid electrolytic capacitor and an improved capacitor formed thereby is described. The method includes forming a dielectric on an anode at a formation voltage; forming a conductive polymer layer on the dielectric; and reforming the dielectric in a reformation electrolyte at a reformation voltage wherein the reformation electrolyte comprises a thermal degradation inhibitor.

Abstract: Methods are presented that includes replacing oven depolarization of a foil with a sonic vibration process for stressing the oxide. The method includes electrochemically etching the metal foil to form a plurality of tunnels in the metal foil and forming an oxide on a surface of the metal foil. The method further includes applying sonic vibration to the metal foil to induce stress fractures in the oxide, and reforming the oxide to heal at least a portion of the stress fractures.

Abstract: A capacitor assembly that is capable of exhibiting good properties under dry conditions. The ability to perform under such conditions is due in part to the use of an intrinsically conductive polymer in the solid electrolyte that contains repeating units having the following formula (I): wherein, R is (CH2)a—O—(CH2)b; a is from 0 to 10; b is from 1 to 18; Z is an anion; and X is a cation.

Abstract: Methods for stripping partially oxidized nitride wear or release coatings from metal workpieces comprise disrupting surface oxidation layers present on the coatings following use, and causing electrical current to flow from the workpiece and release coating to a counter electrode while the workpiece, release coating and counter electrode are immersed in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocatalyst and a method of manufacturing a photocatalyst. More specifically, the present invention relates to a high surface area TiO 2 photocatalyst formed by electrolytic discharge oxidation (EDO) of a substrate comprising titanium. A flexible high surface area photocatalyst architecture comprising a compliant, cohesive, well-adhered and highly porous surface layer of the anatase phase of titanium dioxide is provided. The highly porous surface layer of the anatase phase of titanium dioxide is formed in a single step by the electrolytic oxidation of a titanium surface on a permeable, flexible, and electrically conductive substrate sponge structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to target acquisition and related devices, and more particularly to telescopic gunsights and associated equipment used to achieve shooting accuracy at, for example, close ranges, medium ranges and extreme ranges.

Abstract: A method of forming a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) device includes forming a spacer on an exposed side portion of the MTJ device. The method further includes forming an etch-resistant protective coating associated with the MTJ device. The etch-resistant protective coating provides greater etch resistance than the spacer.

Abstract: A method for the antimicrobial provision of implant surfaces with silver, in which the method comprises an anodizing of the implant surface with an electrolyte, in which the electrolyte has a silver-yielding substance. Alternatively, the method comprises a silver implantation or a silver PVD deposition.

Abstract: A method of depositing nickel on a surface of an object, the method including the steps of providing a source of direct current having a positive and a negative terminal; connecting the object to the negative terminal; connecting an anode to the positive terminal; and submerging the object and anode in a solution comprising nickel. The anode is positioned at a distance equal to or less than 2 mm from the surface of the object and when the source of direct current is switched on, nickel in the solution comprising nickel is deposited on the surface of the object.

Abstract: A jig for manufacturing a capacitor element is provided in which an immersion position of an anode body in a processing liquid can be controlled accurately, and a heat treatment can be performed without difficulty when heat treatment is required in the middle of manufacturing the capacitor element.

Abstract: A polymer that provides for effective proton/cation transfer within, through, across the polymer. The polymer may be used in an electrochemical sensor and may include a redox active species and a facilitator of proton transfer that may provide for the “shuttling”/transfer of a proton through the polymer. As such, the polymer may provide for protons to be transferred through the polymer from or to a conducting substrate. The polymer may also provide for separation of components, fluids, materials in an electrochemical system while still allowing for a transfer, shuttling of protons or cations between the components, fluids or material. The proton, cation transfer polymer may be used in a battery, an electrochemical sensor or a fuel cell.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing corrosion and erosion-resistant mixed oxide coatings on a metal substrate, as well as a mixed oxide coating itself. A surface of the substrate metal is oxidised and converted into a first coating compound comprising a primary oxide of that metal by a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. One or more secondary oxide compounds comprising oxides of secondary elements not present in conventional alloys of the substrate metals at significant (>2 wt %) levels are added to the first oxide coating. The source of the secondary element(s) is at least one of: i) a soluble salt of the secondary element(s) in the electrolyte; ii) an enrichment of the surface of the substrate metal with secondary element(s) prior to PEO processing; and iii) a suspension of the secondary element(s) or oxide(s) of the secondary element(s) applied to the oxide of the metal after this has been formed by the PEO process.

Abstract: Metal objects are treated by anodising the metal object in contact with an acidic solution, and then subjecting the anodised metal object to a reversed voltage (compared to the anodising voltage). The thus-treated metal object is then contacted with a biocidal metal-containing solution. Biocidal metal is deposited on the surface of the metal object, resulting in improved biocidal properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an anti-infective coating on implants that contain titanium or are composed of titanium. The aim of the invention is to provide a coating method with which it is possible, for implants made of titanium or that contain titanium, to combine the optimization of the mechanical properties achieved with the anodic oxidation type II with the optimization of the anti-infective properties. According to the invention, the implants are anodically oxidized in an alkaline solution, then metal having anti-infective properties is electrodeposited on said surface, and afterwards the oxide layer containing metal is solidified.

Abstract: A metallic shell includes a metal layer having an outer surface. The outer surface defines at least one engraving portion. Each engraving portion includes a base portion and a sidewall connected between the outer surface and the base portion. The metallic shell further includes a protective layer with a first color. The protective layer coats the outer surface and the base portion. A second antioxidation coating with a second color different from the first color is coated on the sidewall of the at least one engraving portion. A method for etching a pattern on a metallic shell is also provided.

Abstract: Methods for producing a superhydrophobic anodized surface including anodizing a surface of a substrate in an anodization acid to form a plurality of pores, etching the surface with an etchant to widen an edge of each of the plurality of pores; repeatedly anodizing the surface in the anodization acid and etching the surface with the etchant until the edges of the plurality of pores overlap to form a plurality of nano-sharp ridges, and coating the surface with a hydrophobic polymer to render the surface superhydrophobic, such that the surface exhibits a contact angle of at least 150 degrees with a drop of water. Articles including a surface having a series of nano-sharp pore ridges defined by a series of pores and a sub-?m thick layer of a hydrophobic polymer on said surface.

Abstract: Titania is a semiconductor and photocatalyst that is also chemically inert. With its bandgap of 3.2 and greater, to activate the photocatalytic property of titania requires light of about 390 nm wavelength, which is in the ultra-violet, where sunlight is very low in intensity. A method and devices are disclosed wherein stress is induced and managed in a thin film of titania in order to shift and lower the bandgap energy into the longer wavelengths that are more abundant in sunlight. Applications of this stress-induced bandgap-shifted titania photocatalytic surface include photoelectrolysis for production of hydrogen gas from water, photovoltaics for production of electricity, and photocatalysis for detoxification and disinfection.

Abstract: Nanostructures, nanostructure arrays and a method of forming same are provided, wherein the nanostructures comprise ordered, self-organized, anodically formed single nanotubes, multipodal nanotubes or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods and structures for forming anodization layers that protect and cosmetically enhance metal surfaces are described. In some embodiments, methods involve forming an anodization layer on an underlying metal that permits an underlying metal surface to be viewable. In some embodiments, methods involve forming a first anodization layer and an adjacent second anodization layer on an angled surface, the interface between the two anodization layers being regular and uniform. Described are photomasking techniques and tools for providing sharply defined corners on anodized and texturized patterns on metal surfaces. Also described are techniques and tools for providing anodizing resistant components in the manufacture of electronic devices.

Abstract: Molecularly imprinted conducting polymer (MICP) films were electro-polymerized on glassy carbon electrode having specific recognition sites for amino acid viz. L-tyrosine and/or L-cysteine. The amino acid templates in various imprinted films were ejected out by over-oxidation followed by washing and stabilization. Again, the template leached MICP films were modified with metal oxides [oxides of Cu2+, Hg2+, Pd2+, Au3+, Pt4+ etc]. The resultant leached MICP and metal oxide modified template leached MICP film based GCE will now selectively sense L-tyrosine and/or L-cysteine in aqueous media by direct and catalytic means respectively employing differential pulse voltammetric waveform. The sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors prepared by the invention are high and the stability is good, which will be widely used in clinical diagnostics, chemical industry, environment protection and other related fields.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical reactor with a nanometric superstructure, comprising at least one member wherein at least one reaction chamber is arranged, and said reaction chamber being filled at least partially with a high specific surface area material having a specific surface area greater than 5 m2/g, and characterized in that said high specific surface area material is selected from nanotubes or nanofibers. These nanotubes or nanofibers are preferably selected in the group consisting of carbon nanofibers or nanotubes, ?-SiC nanofibers or nanotubes, TiO2 nanofibers or nanotubes. They may be deposited on an intermediate structure selected in the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, SiC foams, carbon foams, alveolar ?-SiC foams, said intermediate structure filling the reaction chamber of said reactor at least partially.

Abstract: A method comprising providing an insert having a portion capable of being oxidized and electrochemically anodizing the portion capable of being oxidized to provide a layer comprising an oxidized material thereon.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid electrolytic capacitor element including the steps of forming a semiconductor layer on a dielectric layer formed on surfaces of a plurality of anode bodies at one time. A step of forming a semiconductor layer includes repeating an electrolytic polymerization operation several times by applying a current from a power-feeding terminal that comes into contact with each anode body. Further, at least one of the electrolytic polymerization operations continuously applies a current while changing the amount of current between the range of 5 to 200 ?A per power-feeding terminal. Also disclosed is a jig for electrolytic polymerization for forming the semiconductor layer including a plurality of power supply circuits (i) capable of continuously changing the amount of current between a lower limit and an upper limit; and a power-feeding terminals (ii).

Abstract: A titanium/titanium alloy-and-resin composite includes a titanium/titanium alloy substrate, a nano-porous oxide film formed on the substrate, and resin compositions coupled to the surface of the nano-porous oxide film. The nano-porous oxide film has nano pores and includes at least two layers of different three dimensional meshed structures. The resin compositions contain crystalline thermoplastic synthetic resins. A method for making the titanium/titanium alloy-and-resin composite is also described.

Abstract: Anodized electroplated aluminum structures and methods for making the same are disclosed. Cosmetic structures according to embodiments of the invention are provided by electroplating a non-cosmetic structure with aluminum and then anodizing the electroplated aluminum. This produces cosmetic structures that may possess desired structural and cosmetic properties and that may be suitable for use as housing or support members of electronic devices.

Abstract: A titanium/titanium alloy-and-resin composite includes a titanium/titanium alloy substrate, a nano-porous oxide film formed on the substrate, and resin compositions coupled to the surface of the nano-porous oxide film. The nano-porous oxide film has nano pores and includes at least two layers of different three dimensional meshed structures. The resin compositions contain crystalline thermoplastic synthetic resins. A method for making the titanium/titanium alloy-and-resin composite is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a heat-radiating substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The heat-radiating substrate includes: a core layer including a core metal layer and a core insulating layer formed on the core metal layer and divided into a first region and a second region; a circuit layer formed in the first region of the core layer; a build-up layer formed in the second region of the core layer and including a build-up insulating layer and a build-up circuit layer; an adhesive layer formed between the second region of the core layer and the build-up layer; and an impregnation device mounted on the build-up layer to be impregnated into the adhesive layer. A heat generating element is mounted on the circuit layer and a thermally weakened element is mounted on the build-up layer, thereby preventing the thermally weakened element from being damaged by heat of the heat generating element.

Abstract: A substrate with a through-hole is immersed in a plating solution in a plating tank. A pair of anodes are disposed in the plating solution in the plating tank in facing relation to face and reverse sides, respectively, of the substrate in the plating solution. A plurality of plating processes are performed on the face and reverse sides by supplying pulsed currents respectively between the face side of the substrate and one of the anodes which faces the face side of the substrate, and between the reverse side of the substrate and the other anode which faces the reverse side of the substrate. A reverse electrolyzing process is performed on the face and reverse sides between adjacent plating processes by supplying currents in an opposite direction to the pulsed currents respectively between the face side of the substrate and one of the anodes, and between the reverse side of the substrate and the other anode.

Abstract: Provided are a heat radiation board and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a heat radiation board formed using electro-deposition coating, in which a circuit is formed by forming a first insulating layer through anodizing and forming a second insulating layer through electro-deposition coating, and a method of manufacturing the same. The method of manufacturing the heat radiation board using electro-deposition coating includes preparing a metal core, forming a first insulating layer on the metal core by anodizing, forming a second insulating layer on the metal core, on which the first insulating layer is formed, by the electro-deposition coating, and forming a circuit layer. Therefore, since the first insulating layer is formed by anodizing and the second insulating layer is formed by electro-deposition coating, thermal conductivity is increased and thus radiation effect is improved.

Abstract: Aluminum-plated components of semiconductor material processing apparatuses are disclosed. The components include a substrate and an optional intermediate layer formed on at least one surface of the substrate. The intermediate layer includes at least one surface. An aluminum plating is formed on the substrate, or on the optional intermediate layer. The surface on which the aluminum plating is formed is electrically-conductive. An anodized layer can optionally be formed on the aluminum plating. The aluminum plating or optional the anodized layer comprises a process-exposed surface of the component. Semiconductor material processing apparatuses including one or more aluminum-plated components, methods of processing substrates, and methods of making the aluminum-plated components are also disclosed.

Abstract: The electrolysis solution for electrolytic ceramic coating includes water, a water-soluble zirconium compound, a complexing agent, carbonate ion, and at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ion, ammonium ion and an organic alkali. Te zirconium compound is included at a concentration (X) in terms of zirconium of 0.0001 to 1 mol/L, the complexing agent is included at a concentration (Y) of 0.0001 to 0.3 mol/L, the carbonate ion is included at a concentration (Z) of 0.0002 to 4 mol/L, a ratio of the concentration (Y) of the complexing agent to the concentration (X) in terms of zirconium (Y/X) is at least 0.01, a ratio of the concentration (Z) of the carbonate ion to the concentration (X) in terms of zirconium (Z/X) is at least 2.5, and the electrolysis solution has an electrical conductivity of 0.2 to 20 S/m.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid electrolytic capacitor having a capacitor element produced by the steps of: forming a dielectric coating layer on the surface of an anode body, forming a conductive polymer cathode layer on the dielectric coating layer, and forming a cathode lead-out layer on the conductive polymer cathode layer, wherein the step of forming the conductive polymer cathode layer includes an electrolytic polymerization step of forming the conductive polymer cathode layer on the surface of the anode body on which the dielectric coating layer is formed by electrolytic polymerization using an electrolytic polymerization solution containing at least a monomer to be polymerized into the conductive polymer and an ionic liquid.

Abstract: A crossover is formed by imprinting a channel, by depositing a first conductor in the channel, by anodizing a surface of the first conductor and by electroforming a second conductor across the first conductor.

Abstract: A method for the biomimetic treatment of an osteointegrative interface on a substrate of biocompatible metal of titanium, tantalum, or their alloys, includes performing a first anodic spark deposition (ASD) treatment of the osteointegrative interface in a calcium glycerophosphate solution, performing a second ASD anodic deposition treatment of the osteointegrative interface in a calcium hydroxide solution and performing an immersion of the osteointegrative interface in a potassium or sodium hydroxide solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium having high recording density. The magnetic recording medium manufacturing method of the present invention is directed to a manufacturing method including: disposing at least a silicon layer on a substrate; disposing an uneven structure including regularly arranged projections on the silicon layer; disposing magnetic material on the upper surfaces of the projections and within recessed parts of the uneven structure; and allowing the magnetic material disposed within each recessed part to be changed into silicon compound by heat treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bioceramic coated apparatus and method of forming the same. The apparatus may be a medical implant such as, for example, an orthopedic implant or a dental implant. The bioceramic coating is designed to increase tissue and/or bone growth upon implantation of the apparatus. The apparatus has a valve metal substrate having a nanoporous valve metal oxide surface layer. The nanoporous surface layer contains a plurality of nanopores. The nanopores have adsorbed phosphate ions on at least their interior surfaces. A bioceramic coating is formed on the nanoporous surface and anchored into the nanopores. Optionally, the nanopores are formed into a tapered shape in order to increase adhesion to the bioceramic coating.

Abstract: A surface treatment method for a medical appliance is provided. The surface treatment method includes providing a metal layer; forming an intermediate layer on a surface of the metal layer, in which a thickness of the intermediate layer is greater than a thickness of a native oxide layer of the metal surface; and grafting a functional polymer on the intermediate layer through an electrodeposition process.

Abstract: A magnesium alloy member includes a member main body formed of a magnesium alloy containing aluminum, and an anodic oxidation coating covering at least a portion of the member main body. The anodic oxidation coating includes a porous first layer and a second layer located between the first layer and the member main body and having a higher aluminum content than that of the first layer. The ratio of the thickness of the second layer with respect to the thickness of the anodic oxidation preferably is about 5% to about 20%.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a tantalum condenser, in which a high-performing tantalum condenser is manufactured through a more simplified and higher-efficient process using simpler and economical equipment. The method of manufacturing a tantalum condenser including: preparing a tantalum pellet by sintering a tantalum powder; oxidizing the tantalum pellet to form a dielectric layer on a surface thereof; forming a polymer layer on the tantalum pellet having the dielectric layer formed on the surface thereof; and immersing the tantalum pellet having the polymer layer formed on the surface thereof in a polymer suspension to be subjected to chemical reformation.