Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing low-odor n-butane by catalytic hydrogenation of a feed mixture. The aim of the invention is to provide such a method, wherein the feed material, in addition to n-butane, n-butene and up to 1 mass % formic acid and/or up to 1 mass % pentanals and/or up to 0.5 mass % pentanols, also comprises carbon monoxide. The aim is achieved by treating the feed mixture in the temperature range of 15 to 120° C. with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide in the concentration range of 0.5 to 30 mass % and subsequently subjecting the feed mixture to the catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: A process and apparatus to extract and recover heavy metals and sulfur from crude oil or petroleum fuel products including the steps of emulsifying the crude oil with an emulsifying agent, adding a leach solution to the emulsified crude oil and leaching the emulsified crude oil at elevated temperature and pressure to give a leached emulsified crude oil. The leach solution may be acid or alkali. A proportion of the leach solution is extracted for recovering heavy metals. There can also be a microwave hydro-treating step using hydrogen gas at a temperature below 220° C. to ensure there is no quality degradation in the crude feed to produce a desulfurized crude oil and a hydrogen sulphide by-product and recovering sulfur from the hydrogen sulphide by-product.

Abstract: Oxygenate impurities are removed from an organic chemical feed or stream by treatment with an aqueous reducing agent and aqueous base, accompanied by separation. An aqueous solution of reducing agent and an aqueous solution of base are typically introduced sequentially into the organic chemical stream, where they may react with any oxygenate impurities present. The reaction products of the oxygenate impurities and aqueous reducing agent and aqueous base are water soluble, and are typically removed in sequential fashion via any suitable separation means. For example, oxygenate impurities such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and methyl formate may be removed from a propylene stream by treating the stream sequentially with aqueous sodium bisulfite and aqueous sodium hydroxide, accompanied by separation of the oxygenate impurity reaction products in coalescers.

Abstract: A process for purifying a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock containing organo-sulfur compounds wherein an aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing ions of a transition metal, such as vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, cerium or mixtures thereof, is subject to electrolysis to oxidize the metal ions to a higher oxidation state, the electrolyzed solution is emulsified with the feedstock to achieve oxidation of the organo-sulfur compounds to form water soluble sulfur compounds, gaseous products, resinous products; the spent aqueous acidic solution and the purified hydrocarbon product are separated and the spent aqueous solution is recycled via electrolysis.

Abstract: According to the invention, the oil is passed through a pulverulent material, such as an earth or clay, in the presence of an acid. The pulverulent material can be placed beforehand on a filter or can be mixed with the oil before filtration. If necessary, the oil is recycled through the filter up to complete decontamination.Application to the radioactive decontamination of oils used in the nuclear industry.

Abstract: In a process for decontaminating radioactively polluted lubricant oil, (a) the lubricant oil to be decontaminated is mechanically filtered, (b) an acid solution of the salts of the elements, the radionuclides of which are to be removed, is added, and (c) a dose of a precipitating agent that cooperates with the elements, the radionuclides of which are to be removed, producing a salt of low solubility, is added, (d) the acid salt solution is intimately mixed with the lubricant oil after step (b), (e) the depositing aqueous phase is discharged after step (b), before step (c), (f) additional intimate mixing is carried out after the dosed admixture of step (c), and (g) finally the precipitation products are separated by centrifugation from the lubricant oil.