Abstract: The invention relates to devices for disposal of solid and/or liquid waste, in particular, to devices for disposing waste by ionic-electronic destruction method. The invention broadens a range of devices for treating waste, and has an enlarged area of formation of corona discharge streamers, avoiding a need for a source of high-voltage pulses. The technical effect is attained by a device for ionic-electronic destruction of waste. The device includes a waste feed unit, a source of electrically charged substance particles, a suction air fan, an output tube, and a reactor. The reactor is implemented as a closed cavity with an input opening connected to the waste feed unit, with an output opening for removing gaseous destruction products connected to the output tube, and with an additional input opening connected to an outlet of the source of electrically charged substance particles.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treatment of grain in a storage container using ozone may be used for treating grain for toxins, insects, mold, and/or odor. Downdraft methods for applying high concentrations of ozone to grain in a storage container treat grain without generating ozone-related objectionable odors or with generation of only minimal ozone-related objectionable odors. A method for downdraft ozone treatment of grain with minimal generation of ozone-related objectionable odors involves providing a negative air pressure at a bottom of a volume of grain in a storage container. A high ozone concentration is generated in air above an upper surface of the volume of grain. The ozone is drawn down into the volume of grain using the negative air pressure for a treatment time sufficient to effectively treat the grain without causing significant ozone-related commercially-objectionable foreign odors in the grain.

Abstract: A sorting system and method for separating solid waste including heavy fraction, mid fraction and light fraction materials. A first conveyor belt system for moves the solid waste from a first end to a second end so that the solid waste cascades over the second end whereby the heavy fraction material falls downward to a first collection area and the mid fraction and light fraction material are conveyed by a first planar sheet of air to a second conveyor belt system.

Abstract: In a method and an arrangement for treating a light fraction that is produced during the treatment of plastic-rich waste that is low in metal, at least the following steps are carried out consecutively: the light fraction is stressed by percussion and/or bashing, the light fraction is classified into at least two light fraction classes, at least one light fraction class is separated into at least one light material fraction and a heavy material fraction, at least one light material fraction is cleaned. The cleaning of the light material fraction (fibrous material), obtained after the separation, provides a very clean initial substance to be obtained, resulting in clearly improved material recycling and energy recovery.

Abstract: In a method and to an arrangement for treating a light fraction produced during the treatment of plastic-rich waste that is low in metal, at least the following steps are carried out consecutively: the light fraction is stressed by percussion and/or bashing, the light fraction is classified into at least two light fraction classes, at least one light fraction class is separated into at least one dust fraction and at least one other fraction, the separation of the dust fraction taking place over a substantially controlled residence time of the light fraction class in at least one device involved in the separation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a quantity of cullet having at least two colors of glass from an input stream of recyclable material and non-recyclable material. In an embodiment, the system includes a sortation station, a screening apparatus, an air classifier, and a crushing apparatus to provide as output substantially pure cullet having at least two colors.

Abstract: One aspect provides a distribution auger. The distribution auger comprises a fill hopper, a flighting, and an outer covering surrounding the flighting. The fill hopper is located at a first end of the distribution auger and the outer covering includes a plurality of openings located on a bottom side such that, when the distribution auger is horizontally configured, solid matter introduced to the fill hopper located at the first end of the distribution auger falls through the plurality of holes when propelled by the flighting.

Abstract: Reprocessable medical devices that have been disposed of in a sharps container are recovered, disinfected or sterilized, sorted, and packed for reprocessing in a generally continuous process. In one embodiment, either a sharps container or at least a portion of its contents is successively and controllably conveyed, either manually or automatically, through a plurality of processing stations that are configured to perform different operations. The operations performed by the processing stations can include, for example, detecting and identifying contents, cleaning and disinfecting, opening the sharps containers, separating and sorting their contents, and disposal of contents that are non-reprocessable. Reprocessable medical devices can be sorted by type as they move along on a conveyor.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for obtaining recycled mixed cullet at a beneficiator. The recycled mixed cullet can be used by glass plants to make new glass articles, such as beverage bottles.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing fine mineral powders using systems, consisting of one or more air classifier, dust separators like cyclones and/or filters, at least one ventilator as well as these instruments connecting tubes or pipes for the transport of air. The invention is characterised by keeping the relative humidity of the classifier air in the air classifier in a range between 15% to 35%.

Abstract: In order to make it possible for an inhomogeneous residue generated in a pyrolysis plant to be separated continuously and in as fully graded a way as possible, specially selected components are combined with one anther in an advantageous configuration. An essential element of the plant is the separation of a coarse residue in a coarse screen and the subsequent separation of the remaining residue in a zigzag separator into a light residue and a heavy residue. By use of the plant, in particular, the carbon-containing constituents are separated from the remaining residue. The individual components are mostly configured to be self-cleaning for fault-free operation.

Abstract: A method of beneficiating coal in a dry process includes separating raw coal from a coal mine into coal fines and larger pieces of coal using pressurized air, separating the larger pieces of coal according to size, removing ash from the larger pieces of coal on an air table, and further removing ash from the larger pieces of coal using a size-discriminating device to obtain a beneficiated coal product. The invention also includes an apparatus for the dry beneficiation of coal. The apparatus includes at least one air separating device, at least one air table, and at least one first and second shakers which separate the coal by size and remove ash from the coal. The air table effectively removes ash from infed coal without the need for a fluidizing media.

Abstract: A treating system for selecting and recovering reusable materials from used composite plastics is constituted by a crushing process, a cleaning and grading process and a plastics separation process. The treating system for the composite plastics is constituted by combining the cleaning and grading process in which a mechanical impact force and a friction force are applied to the plastic crushed pieces so as to clean the plastics and form the gain size of the plastics, and the plastics separation process with using a hydrocyclone. Accordingly, a selecting accuracy of the selected and recovered plastics is significantly improved and the plastics are separated to high-purity plastics, whereby it is possible to utilize the recovered plastics as recycled materials.

Abstract: A compact dedusting apparatus is mounted on the machine utilizing particulate material requiring contaminant cleansing to provide an economical and effective decontamination of particulate material immediately before utilization of the material. The dedusting apparatus includes a downwardly sloped infeed chute having an opening at the bottom thereof. A metering device in the form of a rotatable finned hub blocks the opening to constantly meter the flow of particulate material through the dedusting apparatus. The metering device is formed with flexible blades oriented at a slight angle to the slope of the infeed chute to provide a constant flow of material through the opening. A flow of air is directed through a wash deck positioned below the infeed chute to cleanse the particulate material. The air flow is directed along multiple paths including a path defining an air knife associated with the wash deck to facilitate the cleansing of the material.

Abstract: A droplet forming flow cytometer system allows high speed processing without the need for high oscillator drive powers through the inclusion of an oscillator or piezoelectric crystal such as within the nozzle volume or otherwise unidirectionally coupled to the sheath fluid. The nozzle container continuously converges so as to amplify unidirectional oscillations which are transmitted as pressure waves through the nozzle volume to the nozzle exit so as to form droplets from the fluid jet. The oscillator is directionally isolated so as to avoid moving the entire nozzle container so as to create only pressure waves within the sheath fluid. A variation in substance concentration is achieved through a movable substance introduction port which is positioned within a convergence zone to vary the relative concentration of substance to sheath fluid while still maintaining optimal laminar flow conditions. This variation may be automatically controlled through a sensor and controller configuration.

Abstract: A bakery dough flour applicator 10 for applying flour 12 to a dough piece 22 as the dough piece 22 travels along a processing path 134 includes a hopper 32 for supplying flour 12 and a transfer assembly 54 for providing flour 12 from the hopper 32 to an aerator 34 which creates an airborne flow of flour 40. The airborne flow of flour 40 is delivered to the interior of an enclosure 130 disposed about the dough processing path 134 through a plurality of spray nozzles 44 which direct the airborne flow of flour 40 to a dough piece 22 travelling through the enclosure 130 along the processing path 134 so that flour 12 from the airborne flow 40 adheres to the exterior surface of the dough piece 22. Flour 12 that does not adhere to a dough piece 22 is collected and filtered and provided back to the hopper 32 for later use.

Abstract: A process for continuously discriminating between a contaminated plastic material containing trapped volatile contaminants and plastic material which contains an acceptable threshold of contaminants comprising first supplying a continuous source of plastic material wherein the plastic material contains trapped volatile contaminants and feeding a sample of the plastic material preferably to the input section of an auger conveyor. The auger conveyor contains a barrel and a transfer screw positioned within the barrel with flights thereon for conveying the plastic material, the auger also connected to an output section which itself is connected to a detector for detecting trapped volatile contaminants.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for sampling and determining the presence of certain substances, such as residues of contaminants in containers. The method includes steps of: injecting compressed air into said containers in order to displace at least a portion of the contents thereof; evacuating a sample of the container contents so displaced by applying suction thereto; and analyzing the sample evacuated to determine the presence or absence of the certain residues therein. The compressed air is injected through a nozzle into an opening in the containers to displace a portion of the container contents and form a sample cloud outside of the container. The sample cloud is then at least partially evacuated by suction and the sample is analyzed for the presence of contaminants such as nitrogen containing compounds or hydrocarbons. The sample cloud may be split into first and second portions.

Abstract: A method of processing groups of envelopes that have contents contained therein. The method prints information on at least one side of an envelope and then separates that side from the rest of the envelope. The contents of each envelope are then placed adjacent to the separated side and assembled in series with other separated sides and contents. When the separated sides and contents are assembled, the separated sides act as a boundary between other envelopes, thus preventing the contents of the envelopes from becoming commingled with contents from other envelopes. The printed information on the separated side of the envelope provides an audit trail for subsequent processing.

Abstract: A disposable first tube (68) extends axially through, and is detachably connected to, an annular main body (10'). An input piezo electric element (38) is attached to a first end of the tubular main body (10'). A second, sensor piezo electric element (40) is attached to the opposite end of the main body (10'). A nozzle (20') having a nozzle passageway (110) and a discharge opening (112) is detachably secured to an outlet end of the first tube (68). A second tube (102) within the first tube (68) delivers a core liquid to the nozzle passageway (110). A sheath liquid is delivered through a space in the first tube (68) surrounding the second tube (102). The nozzle passageway (110) forms the core and sheath liquids into a small diameter jet stream. Electrical energy is delivered to the input piezo electric element (38), to vibrate the nozzle (20') and break the jet stream into droplets.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for flexibly controlling sorting decisions for a flow cytometer or similar instrument at a purity vs. yield ratio of sorted particles, particularly at high event rates. The system monitors distances between sequential objects to determine if they are in close enough proximity to be within a single resolution unit of the sorting device. The "friend" or "foe" status of neighboring events is considered by this system in dealing with detected "coincident" events. The system operates on information of the desirability to sort the object, i.e. droplet, based upon the properties of the individual object. A storage and retrieval method is provided for making the information available at the time a sort operation based on a sorting logic condition is performed. Accordingly, an easily reconfigurable mode of operation control is provided to allow customized sorting strategies, based on the needs of individual applications or experiments.

Abstract: A method of distinguishing between microorganisms having different attributes comprises the steps of: encapsulating one or more cells within a polymeric bead; incubating the cell(s) within the bead in a growth-supporting medium for a time period sufficient for multiplication of viable cells within the bead; then non-invasively physically examining the bead or the adjacent vicinity of the bead for physical characteristics associated with the differing attributes of cells within the bead. Various forms of apparatus for carrying out the process are descried.

Abstract: A cereal separation apparatus includes a frame and a size grading device mounted at an upper portion of the frame for grading particles according to a size of the particles. An oscillating specific gravity grading device is mounted at a lower portion of the frame. An air flow-producing device produces an air flow for effecting the specific gravity grading. A feed passage feeds the particles, selected by the size grading device, from the size grading device to the specific gravity grading device. The size grading device comprises a perforated, hollow cylinder for grading the particles according to particle size. The cylinder is supported on the frame for rotation about an axis of the cylinder. The specific gravity grading device is supported on the frame through oscillation support portions. The apparatus further comprises a rotation drive device for rotating the hollow cylinder and an oscillation drive device for oscillating the specific gravity grading device.

Abstract: The sorting device is able to sort biological objects, particularly cells or viruses, in liquids as a function of physically measurable criteria or properties. The sorting apparatus is provided with a feed inlet (1) for the biological liquid which branches into a microstructured system of multi-parallel main channels (3) and sorting modules (4) each with a switch unit for distribution to two different outlet channels (19,20). Inside a sorting module (4), at least one sensor (9,10) is arranged on each main channel, and a sorting actuator (12) controlled by the relevant sensor is arranged on each switch unit (11). Finally, each outlet channel (20) is connected to a collecting channel (6) for the unselected biological cells or viruses, and each outlet channel (19) is connected to a collecting channel (5) for the selected cells or viruses. If the cells or viruses are magnetically marked, it is possible to dispense with the sensor (9,10) on the main channels (3).

Abstract: A screening apparatus including a testing chamber and a control console for environmental screening and vibrational testing of manufactured products placed inside the testing chamber. The control console is used to control and monitor the operation of the screening apparatus. The control console is supported on an articulated arm so that the control console can be optimally positioned. The articulated arm also protects the control console from the thermal and vibrational stimuli applied to the product being tested. The system wiring between the testing chamber and the control console can be enclosed in or attached to the articulated arm so that the wires do not impede the mobility of the articulated arm and do not pose a hazard to people working near the screening apparatus. Optional rigid bars can be placed with the walls of the testing chamber to increase the resonance frequency of the testing chamber to further protect the control console from the vibrational stimuli applied to the product being tested.

Abstract: A system for sorting particles is arranged such that the presence or absence of multiple parameters is determined for each particle in a flow of particles, and a logic condition is determined based on the multiple parameters. Thereafter, particles are outputted from the system when the logic condition is present. Accordingly, multiparameter high-speed measurements of a rare subpopulation of particles (e.g. biological cells) can be made amidst a larger population of particles with differing characteristics. When attached to a multiparameter flow cytometer/cell sorter and microcomputer, the system allows multiparameter analysis of cells at rates in excess of 100,000 cells/sec. This system can be an outboard module attached to a commercially available or home-built flow cytometer.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for measuring particles that prevents the particles from being contaminated during the measuring and optional sorting process wherein a flow chamber or region is mechanically isolated from a sterile enclosure which surrounds the flow chamber. The present invention in one embodiment provides an apparatus comprising of a droplet generator, a charging system, a deflecting system, a sterilization system, a light source, a detector, a cooling system and a vacuum system. The droplet generator and the charging system and the flow chamber associated with the droplet generator operate within an illumination frame where the particles (e.g. biological cells) are actually measured.

Abstract: An infeed conveyor feeds seed cotton modules successively to a feeder head having disperser drums which reduce the modules to clumps of cotton. Incorporated into the conveyor are fluted rollers and beater rollers which cooperate to agitate the bottom portion of the modules and work the fibers on the bottom of each module so as to stretch and relax these fibers, thereby causing the sand, dirt, mud, trash and other debris accumulated along the bottom of the modules to be released. A conveyor feeds this debris to a hopper. Further, after the cotton modules have been dispersed into clumps of cotton by disperser drums in a feeder head and the clumps deposited in a clump chamber, a trough having a sieve means receives the clumps of cotton. In the trough, a conveyor disposed in the trough urges the clumps of cotton in a lateral direction toward an air separator box adjacent the feeder head.

Abstract: A method for forming and using an array of, e.g., bacteria, yeast or bacteriophage for the purpose of identifying particular constituents thereof. The array is formed by directing a stream of droplets, each containing on average about 1 or a few biological particles, at spaced locations in an array on a surface, e.g., a nylon membrane or agar gel.

Abstract: A method for trapping, separating, manipulating and controlling particles and molecules of biological origin is disclosed. The method comprises containing the particles or molecules of biological origin in a vacuum, projecting a beam of light onto the particles, inducing the beam of light to impart a spinning motion to the particles, inducing the beam of light to impart a dipole moment to the particles, generating a field density gradient in the vacuum, trapping the particles in the team of light, concentrating the particles at a focal plane of the beam, and, then manipulating the particles by a second beam of light. Particles are caused to spin and interact with the energy gradient of the beam of light, causing them to orbit in a controlled manner. The particles and molecules of biological origin include bacteria, viruses, cells, organelles, chromosomes, and the like.

Abstract: An installation for decontaminating a radioactively contaminated surface with a dry mechanical abrasive includes an extractor for suction extraction of an extraction gas together with an abrasive/dust mixture produced during blasting. A separator separates the abrasive/dust mixture aspirated by the extractor into a dust fraction and a re-usable abrasive fraction. A storage bin is connected between the extractor and the separator. The storage bin includes a filter device having a filter for filtering the extraction gas flowing through the storage bin to the extractor, and a blowoff line to be connected to the filter device for blowing off the filter.

Abstract: A mobile vehicle containing fluorescent lamp separation apparatus is transported to the site of a facility which uses fluorescent lamps and collects used lamps for processing. The lamps are loaded into a bin in the vehicle, the bin is closed to enclose the apparatus from the atmosphere, and the apparatus is then operated to crush the lamps and separate the crushed lamp debris into solid particular matter and dust which can be carried by airflow. The particulate matter which is substantially cleansed of mercury and phosphor powder is discharged into a first receptacle outside the vehicle, and the dust entrained in the air is trapped in a dust filter and discharged into a second receptacle which primarily contains the more hazardous dust materials. The air drawn through the dust filter is further passed through a charcoal filter to filter out mercury and other potentially hazardous vapors from the air before it is discharged to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A process is provided for recovering a saline mineral from an ore containing the saline mineral and impurities. The process generally includes the steps of separating a first portion of impurities from the ore by density separation, electrostatically separating a second portion of impurities from the ore, and magnetically separating a third portion of impurities from the ore. The process can further include the steps of crushing the ore and dividing the crushed ore into a plurality of size fractions before the above-referenced separating steps. Furthermore, in order to increase the efficiency of the separating processes, the process of the present invention may further include the steps of drying the ore to remove surface moisture therefrom and de-dusting the ore to recover valuable fines.

Abstract: A direct jet monitor illuminates the jet of a flow cytometer in a monitor wavelength band which is substantially separate from the substance wavelength band. When a laser is used to cause fluorescence of the substance, it may be appropriate to use an infrared source to illuminate the jet and thus optically monitor the conditions within the jet through a CCD camera or the like. This optical monitoring may be provided to some type of controller or feedback system which automatically changes either the horizontal location of the jet, the point at which droplet separation occurs, or some other condition within the jet in order to maintain optimum conditions. The direct jet monitor may be operated simultaneously with the substance property sensing and analysis system so that continuous monitoring may be achieved without interfering with the substance data gathering and may be configured so as to allow the front of the analysis or free fall area to be unobstructed during processing.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for processing domestic garbage wherein the garbage is debagged and placed on a series of vibrating conveyors which are tilted with respect to the horizontal in a direction substantially normal to the direction of conveyor operation whereby the garbage is separated according to the density/hardness of the material. The apparatus can include various accessory devices including electro magnets, vacuum devices and blowing devices to assist in the separation of the material.

Abstract: A toner recovering device for an electrophotographic apparatus, which includes: a dust collector connected to a device for cleaning untransferred toner remaining on a photosensitive body; a toner recovering filter having an inlet port for introducing an air-toner mixture from the dust collector side and an exhaust port for filtering the air-toner mixture and discharging the air from which the toner has been removed; a filter mounting section for mounting the toner recovering filter; a joint mechanism having a joint and a hose member, one end of the hose member capable of being connected to the dust collector and other end thereof being joint, the joint being disposed at the inlet port, the joint mechanism being arranged in the filter mounting section in such a manner as to be opened and closed; a detector for sensing that the toner recovering filter has been mounted or not onto the filter mounting section; and a pulling member for coupling the inlet port of the toner recovering filter to the joint in synchron

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for flexibly controlling sorting decisions for a flow cytometer or similar instrument at a purity vs. yield ratio of sorted particles, particularly at high event rates. The system monitors distances between sequential objects to determine if they are in close enough proximity to be within a single resolution unit of the sorting device. The "friend" or "foe" status of neighboring events is considered by this system in dealing with detected "coincident" events. The system operates on information of the desirability to sort the object, i.e. droplet, based upon the properties of the individual object. A storage and retrieval method is provided for making the information available at the time a sort operation based on a sorting logic condition is performed. Accordingly, an easily reconfigurable mode of operation control is provided to allow customized sorting strategies, based on the needs of individual applications or experiments.

Abstract: In a method for the automated processing of bulk mail, envelopes are transferred to a receiving apparatus in bulk fashion (from incoming mail trays or the like) for the extraction of documents contained by the envelopes, and the extracted documents are delivered to a remittance processing device, preferably both automatically and without the need for human intervention. Subsequent processing of the extracted documents within the remittance processing device then proceeds in usual fashion, completing the acquisition of information which is necessary to ready such documents for deposit into the banking system. Also disclosed are various presorting functions so that only envelopes containing documents of a specified type will be fully processed, other sorting functions such as the identification of specific types of documents (invoices or checks) for separate processing, and the use of a single extraction device to deliver extracted documents to either one, or a series of remittance processing devices.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously sorting living cells from a mixture of many unlike cells to obtain separate populations of like cells. The invention comprises cell and fluid intake ports, a cell deflection chamber, and a series of output vacuum pumps attached to a like number of collection reservoirs. The cell intake section is a two-stage system that first mixes the incoming cells with a deionized, buffered, processing medium then sheathes the output stream with a centering carrier fluid. An expansion chamber contains one or more electrodes connected to one or more RF generators that act upon the passing cells so that they are fanned out within the expansion chamber according to their size, physical construction, chemical composition and electronic properties. Vacuum pumps draw the fluids through the system and deposit the sorted cells in separate reservoirs.

Abstract: A flow cytometer utilizes multiple lasers for excitation and respective fluorescence of identified dyes bonded to specific cells or events to identify and verify multiple events to be sorted from a sheath flow and droplet stream. Once identified, verified and timed in the sheath flow, each event is independently tagged upon separation from the flow by an electrical charge of +60, +120, or +180 volts and passed through oppositely charged deflection plates with ground planes to yield a focused six way deflection of at least six events in a narrow plane.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method and system for injecting liquid into containers and for inspecting containers for the presence of certain substances such as potential contaminants such as ammonium salts or amine salts in glass or plastic bottles. A high speed system and method are provided for detecting these contaminants in these bottles. Ammonia and amines can be detected by chemiluminescence of samples of volatiles emitted from the bottles during the high speed inspection process. A solution of Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 is injected into the bottles in order to enhance the conversion of ammonium or amine salts to free ammonia or amines which are then released as vapors. This enhances the likelihood that a gas-phase detection system such as one using chemiluminescence detection techniques will detect the presence of contaminants containing ammonium salts or amine salts.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for minimizing the effects of background signals in masking signals indicating the presence of substances to be detected such as contaminants in materials moving rapidly along a conveyor. The contaminants detected may include nitrogen containing compounds and hydrocarbons. The system and method of the present invention minimize during detection of the presence or absence of such substances, the number of falsely positive indications of the presence of such substances due to background signals and changes in background signals. The substances detected are divided into first and second sample portions and the respective portions are heated. The first heated portion is mixed with ozone to cause a chemical reaction therewith in order to generate radiation by chemiluminescence having characteristic wavelengths related to substances in the first portion.

Abstract: A refuse material recovery system is shown and described including a blend of automatic material processing by size and density and manual separation or sorting procedures. Overall, the system optimizes recovery from refuse including municipal solid waste, commercial waste, commingled recyclables waste, and demolition waste. The system performs a primary size classification followed by ferrous separation steps, manual separation steps, and subsequent size classification steps. The process also provides separation by density, and eddy current method as well as air knife techniques. The system is further adapted to provide optional diversion capability to accommodate different end uses for recovered materials as a function of current market conditions. The system exhibits the desirable characteristics of efficiency, large capacity throughput, and cost effectiveness.

Abstract: A Faraday cage enclosing the flow chamber of a cytometer and ground planes associated with each field deflection plate in concert therewith inhibit electric fields from varying the charge on designated events/droplets and further concentrates and increases forces applied to a charged event passing therethrough for accurate focus thereof while concomitantly inhibiting a potential shock hazard.

Abstract: A sorting apparatus for a solid waste sorting system has a first set of three belt conveyors, for conveying solid waste at a first speed, and a second set of three belt conveyors, each of the latter disposed with one end connected to the downstream end of a corresponding one of the first three belt conveyors, for conveying solid waste at a second speed which is greater than the first speed. The first three belt conveyors extend transversely into a feed-out path of a storage section in such a way that the conveyor lying successively furthest away from the storage section along the feed-out path is of successively longest upstream-end extension. The solid waste is sorted manually on the second set of three belt conveyors and is then supplied to a draft-sorting machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automated processing of bulk mail in a continuous and automatic procedure includes an operative combination of processing stations including an input station for receiving incoming mail in bulk fashion and for separating the pieces of mail for individual delivery to the remainder of the apparatus; a station for detecting irregularities in the contents of the envelopes, such as metal items, folded contents, or oversized items; a station for out-sorting envelopes rejected in accordance with the determinations made at the detection station; a station for opening the envelopes, preferably along multiple edges; a station for removing the contents from the opened envelopes, for subsequent processing of the contents; and a series of stations for handling and orienting the contents for subsequent delivery to a plurality of output stackers.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automated processing of bulk mail which incorporates a number of operating stations that serve to accomplish the various aspects of mail extraction, as well as the subsequent processing of extracted documents, and which are operatively associated with one another to serially process envelopes and extracted documents in continuous fashion and substantially independent of their characteristic features. To this end, the operating stations of the apparatus are configured to be as independent as possible of the characteristics of the envelopes and their contents so that envelopes and contents of varied characteristics can be effectively handled by the apparatus without requiring any significant adjustments.

Abstract: An apparatus for presenting documents to a remittance processing device includes an arm for receiving a plurality of the documents for presentation to the remittance processing device and a conveyor for drawing the received documents along the arm and to a delivery point adjacent to the remittance processing device, for serial presentation at the remittance processing device for remittance processing of the received documents. The apparatus can also operate to stack received documents, to separate paired documents, and to justify documents to a reference surface, for eventual presentation to the arm and its conveyor.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for the detection of liquids in fibrous and/or porous materials by irradiating the materials by a source of microwaves, detecting the heat emission by temperature measuring devices and transmission of the temperature data thus obtained to a sorting device, and controlling the sorting device by the temperature data thus obtained, whereby first the materials are treated with a polymer solution and whereby residual humidity within the materials is detected after curing of the polymer and drying of the material and whereby sorting of materials, which contain residual liquids and of materials which are free of liquids is carried out, based on the differences in temperature increase.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes a conveyor belt for carrying a stream randomly-arranged articles, at least some of which are post-consumer plastic articles made of PVC and others of which are made of PET. The conveyor belt carries the articles to an irradiation area where they are irradiated with ultraviolet light that induces the post-consumer articles of PVC to emit phosphorescent light that persists after the irradiation ends. The conveyor belt then carries the articles to an inspection zone that is isolated from the ultraviolet light. A video camera is positioned to receive phosphorescent light emitted from post-consumer articles made of PVC. Other articles commonly in the stream of post-consumer plastic articles (e.g., PET) do not emit phosphorescent light and are, therefore, distinguishable from the PVC articles.