Abstract: This disclosure provides collector elements for gas circuits of additive manufacturing systems for making 3D components from a powder. The collector elements include an intake duct portion having a strip-shaped inflow duct with an intake opening and a main body portion that includes a cylindrical cavity extending along the intake duct portion, the cavity being fluidly connected to the inflow duct with a step in the rounded wall that causes an increase in diameter from a first diameter of the cavity to a second, larger diameter. The collector element also includes a first gas discharging portion with a tube portion and a diameter adjusting portion that fluidly connects a first end of the cavity to the inner volume of the tube portion via a duct.

Abstract: A cyclone separator for separating a heavy fraction from a multiphase fluid comprising a mixture of the heavy fraction, a medium fraction and a light fraction includes an elongated cyclone tube which comprises a fluid inlet, a heavy fraction outlet and a flow bore that extends between the fluid inlet and the heavy fraction outlet. A mandrel is positioned concentrically within the cyclone tube and comprises a light fraction outlet that extends generally axially therethrough and an outer diameter surface that together with the cyclone tube defines an annular flow path for the multiphase fluid which extends between the fluid inlet and the flow bore.

Abstract: A substance detection device, including a chemical substance analyzer, including an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a desorber, a conduit, and a membrane. The membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, and the membrane is positioned to have a desorber side in gas communication with the desorber and an analysis side opposite the desorber side. The substance detection device can be configured to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the desorber through the conduit so that at least a portion of the entrained chemical substance is transferred to the membrane by interacting with the desorber side of the membrane. The membrane is adapted to diffuse at least a portion of the chemical substance transferred to the membrane through the membrane to the analysis side. The device also includes a particle separator including a protuberance extending into a collection chamber of the particle separator.

Abstract: An air classifier contains a cylindrical casing provided with at an upper part thereof a feed port to feed high pressure air and a powder material, an umbrella-shaped center core in the casing, and an umbrella-shaped separator core arranged downstream of the center core in the casing and including an opening at center thereof. The air classifier has a configuration containing a dispersion chamber to disperse the powder material, being surrounded by an inner wall of the upper part casing and the center core, and a classification chamber to classify the powder material into fine and coarse powders by centrifugation, being surrounded by the center core, separator core and inner wall of the casing. In the dispersion chamber provided are a louver ring containing guide slats circularly arranged at regular intervals, and a space encircling the louver ring and serving as flow passage of the air and powder material.

Abstract: A method of separating a multiphase fluid, the fluid including a relatively high density component and a relatively low density component, that includes introducing the fluid into a separation region; imparting a rotational movement into the multiphase fluid; forming an outer annular region of rotating fluid of predetermined thickness within the separation region; and forming and maintaining a core of fluid in an inner region. Fluid entering the separation vessel is directed into the outer annular region and the thickness of the outer annular region is such that the high density component is concentrated and substantially contained within this region, the low density component being concentrated in the rotating core. A separation system employing the method is also provided. The method and system are particularly suitable for the separation of solid debris from the fluids produced by a subterranean oil or gas well at wellhead flow pressure.

Abstract: A device for separating a flowing medium mixture into at least two different fractions with differing average mass density, comprising an elongate separating space which is circle-symmetrical in axial direction and enclosed by a stationary casing (2), wherein the casing is provided with feeds for a mixture for separating and at least two discharges (9, 10) for discharging at least two fractions with differing mass density, and rotation means located in the separating space for causing the mixture to rotate as a vortex in the separating space. Also disclosed is a method for separating a flowing medium mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separation apparatus comprising a conveyor; and a material separator positioned above a conveyor, the conveyor being arranged to convey a mixture of materials to the material separator; the material separator comprising a suction duct comprising a sidewall which defines a passageway linking an inlet positioned adjacent the conveyor to an outlet positioned away from the conveyor; and an airflow generator arranged to blow air through a slit in the sidewall into the passageway at a position between the inlet and the outlet; wherein, in use, the airflow generator blows air through the slit in a direction which is towards the outlet for creating a pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet thereby generating an airflow which causes relatively low density materials to be lifted from the conveyor and sucked into the passageway.

Abstract: A cyclone-type processor has a vortex initiator positioned thereabove and an exhaust sleeve extending through the initiator and into the processor. A blower connects to the initiator chamber by a duct having a divider wall that separates the duct into an air-only channel and an entrained material channel. A feed inlet feeds material to be processed into the air flow of the entrained channel. The vortex initiator includes an outer annular chamber and an inner annular chamber open to the cyclone processor and is engaged by the duct to convey air into the outer chamber and air entrained material into the inner chamber. The inner and outer chambers and slots therebetween cooperate to cause the air flow to form a vortex and to urge entrained material away from the inner wall. The system may include additional cyclone stages for further material treatment.

Abstract: Cyclones having abrasion resistant liners with a system and method for replacing the liners when they worn out due to the destructive nature of the materials being classified in the cyclone. The cyclone includes segmented inlet housing liners which are separately removable through the opened top of the cyclone housing. A lifting ring in the bottom of a conical housing has an apex cone and plural cone liners supported in a stacked array thereon within the conical housing and hoisting straps are used to lift the lifting ring, the apex cone and the array of cone liners out of the opened top of the cyclone housing without having to remove the cyclone from its operating position and completely disassemble the cyclone. Wear detector bolts attach the inlet head liners and a cage-like conical housing allows direct viewing of wear detecting weep holes provided in the liners mounted therein.

Abstract: Cyclones having abrasion resistant liners with a system and method for replacing the liners when they worn out due to the destructive nature of the materials being classified in the cyclone. The cyclone includes segmented inlet housing liners which are separately removable through the opened top of the cyclone housing. A lifting ring in the bottom of a conical housing has an apex cone and plural cone liners supported in a stacked array thereon within the conical housing and hoisting straps are used to lift the lifting ring, the apex cone and the array of cone liners out of the opened top of the cyclone housing without having to remove the cyclone from its operating position and completely disassemble the cyclone. Wear detector bolts attach the inlet head liners and a cage-like conical housing allows direct viewing of wear detecting weep holes provided in the liners mounted therein.

Abstract: A cyclone arrangement for separating particles or droplets from a fluid stream, including at least two cyclones (1, 2, 3; 21, 22, 23), which have a tangential intake opening (4, 5, 6; 24, 25) for the fluid stream and set the fluid stream into rotation so that due to the resulting centrifugal force, particles or droplets to be separated from the fluid stream may be discharged from the cyclone separator through discharge openings (10, 11, 12). A plurality of cyclones are connected in parallel, and the intake openings (4, 5, 6) of the cyclones are closed or opened by a common slider (17; 24), which also has an opening (15, 16, 17; 24, 25) in the vicinity of each cyclone intake opening for passage of the fluid stream. The position and size of each slider opening is designed such that in various slider settings, the fluid stream will reach a different number of cyclone intake openings.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator for separating particles from gas uses a separator chamber having an upper potion with at least three substantially vertical planar walls with perpendicular inner faces, and a lower portion, for defining in the chamber a vertical gas vortex. The gas vortex has an inlet formed in the vicinity of a first corner between the first and second walls for gas to be dedusted, an outlet for dedusted gas, and an outlet for separated particles. The separator uses an acceleration duct with a first transverse section at the first end of the duct that is distinctly greater than a second cross section at the second end. This second end is connected to the inlet for gas to be dedusted at the first corner.

Abstract: A separator that provides a convergent conical flow path for a mixture introduced into the separator at fairly high velocity. Within the convergent flow path, the angular velocity of the spiraling mixture increases such that heavier species are segregated from lighter species. The convergent flow path transitions into a substantially uniform flow path where the spiraling mixture maintains a fairly uniform velocity and further separation occurs. The uniform flow path then transitions to a divergent conical exhaust flow path where some or all of the heavier species are exhausted from the separator. Within the substantially uniform flow path, a retrograde flow of the lighter species is created with an interaction with a diffuser surface arranged in the exhaust flow path. As such, the lighter species are channeled to a separate exit port to provide some degree of separation of the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for separation of suspended solid particles from fluids, for separation and mixing of fluids, and for dissolving gases in aqueous fluids. The apparatus employs a grooved ring to divide the fluid stream and impart a high velocity on each of the divided or sub-streams. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be spiral in shape is used to create a high velocity circular motion on a divided stream for separation of suspended solid particles by centrifugal force in a cyclone filter and for saturation of liquid with gases in a fluid mixer where gases are introduced through a diffuser. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be radial is used in a fluid mixer to divide a stream of fluid, produce a high velocity flow through each groove, introduce a second fluid through an orifice into the first fluid flowing through each groove, and direct the fluid mixture to a center impact zone where the various streams collide to complete the mixing.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for separation of suspended solid particles from fluids, for separation and mixing of fluids, and for dissolving gases in aqueous fluids. The apparatus employs a grooved ring to divide the fluid stream and impart a high velocity on each of the divided or sub-streams. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be spiral in shape is used to create a high velocity circular motion on a divided stream for separation of suspended solid particles by centrifugal force in a cyclone filter and for saturation of liquid with gases in a fluid mixer where gases are introduced through a diffuser. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be radial is used in a fluid mixer to divide a stream of fluid, produce a high velocity flow through each groove, introduce a second fluid through an orifice into the first fluid flowing through each groove, and direct the fluid mixture to a center impact zone where the various streams collide to complete the mixing.

Abstract: An apparatus for classifying a mixture of fine and coarse particles in a fluid stream by size or density comprises a housing, a boundary layer momentum transfer device, and an inlet flow control mechanism. The housing comprises an inlet, an interior chamber, and a fine particle outlet. The boundary layer momentum transfer device comprises a plurality of disks stacked in spaced, parallel relation in the interior chamber. The disks are rotatable about a disk axis. The disks have respective central openings cooperatively defining a plenum having a closed axial end and an opposing open axial end. The plenum communicates with spaces defined between each adjacent disk to cooperatively define a fine particle flow path from the interior chamber, through the spaces, through the plenum and the open axial end thereof, and to the fine particle outlet. The inlet flow control mechanism communicates with the interior chamber and provides an adjustable inlet flow path into the interior chamber.

Abstract: An air material separator may be used to separate scrap from a conveying air flow while having a relatively low weight and short height so that the separator may be positioned within today's single-story manufacturing or processing facilities. The air material separator of the invention includes a generally cylindrical inlet chamber having a spiral wall that directs the inlet flow circumferentially and downwardly. An outlet chamber is positioned below the inlet chamber and includes a conical, perforated wall that allows the conveying air flow to escape through the perforated wall. The scrap carried by the conveying air flow cannot pass through the perforated wall and moves down and out an outlet at the bottom of the conical wall. The overall height of the device is substantially less than prior art air material separators.

Abstract: The bubble trap is used in extracorporeal blood flow circuits of the type used for open heart surgery. The trap is placed in the external blood flow and it removes small micro bubbles from the blood prior to delivery to the body. The device accelerates the blood flow radially and the small bubbles migrate toward the center of the accelerated flow. These bubbles are concentrated at this location and the blood that contains the micro bubbles is extracted and recirculated before the degassed blood flow is returned to the body.

Abstract: The invention provides a cyclone comprising a generally cylindrical inlet head into which a vortex finder extends co-axially, and from which a tubular section extends opposed to the vortex finder, a generally tangentially disposed inlet for introducing raw material into the inlet head, the tangential inlet being elongated at the zone of its junction with the inlet head to define a major outer wall and a major inner wall, the major outer wall merging with the wall of the cylindrical inlet head generally tangentially at such junction, while the major inner wall diverges towards the axis of the inlet head at each junction.

Abstract: A cyclone separator has an inlet chamber 52 and an outlet chamber 53, means 51 for introducing a fluid mixture into the inlet chamber so that it swirls around the chamber and passes to the outlet chamber in which it swirls about an outlet chamber axis, the outlet chamber being provided with means 62 for conducting heavier phase fluids from the outlet chamber at a relatively large distance from the outlet chamber axis and an outlet 63 for lighter phase fluids at a relatively small distance from the outlet chamber axis 55. The flow through the separator and the efficiency of separation are improved by forming at least one of the chambers 52, 53 as involute shaped, the corresponding one 51, 62 of said means being defined by the curved wall of the involute of maximum radius.

Abstract: A diffuser system for multi-outlet pipe structures of the type found in coal pulverizer classifier skirts and in the piping between such classifiers and combustion chambers in coal-fired power plant delivery systems. A plurality of vertical and horizontal diffuser elements comprising toothed bars and rings are arranged in the “skirt” or plenum just prior to the multiple pipe outlets so as to effectively diffuse both axial and radial components of uneven flow distributions.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing uneven distributions of coal fines in the upper, outlet end of a coal mill classifier. A plurality of static diffuser elements is positioned in the upper end of the classifier, preferably within the classifier skirt if the classifier includes such structure, adjacent the inlets of multiple coal discharge pipes leading from the upper end of the classifier to a combustion chamber. In a preferred form the diffuser elements comprise vertically-arranged toothed bars mounted on the inside wall surfaces of the skirt.

Abstract: The present invention provides for discharge (exit) ports for exit fluid flow disposed at or adjacent to one another on one end of a vortex separating body; an inlet port(s) disposed at one end of a separating body having discharge (exit) ports for exit fluid flow disposed at or adjacent to one another at an opposite end of the separating body; increased separation efficiency; solid mass separated per unit energy expended; a body that is predominantly cylindrical in shape that can be made inexpensively from standard sizes of pipe or tubing; a device that is predominantly cylindrical in shape so that the separation (vortex) length of the device can be changed simply by installing or removing sections of pipe or tubing; a device which promotes smooth rotational flow within the vortex region, therefore affecting an efficient separation of particles carried by the transporting fluid therein and reducing the pressure and/or energy required to move the fluid through the device; a device with entrance and especially

Abstract: A cyclonic separator for separating fluids of differing densities comprises a first chamber having a vortex finder and a core member. The vane is arranged co-axial with and adjacent the internal surface of the vortex finder to increase the rotational velocity component of fluids passing through the vortex finder by translating the axial velocity component of the fluids into a rotational velocity component.

Abstract: The separator centrifuge for separating solid particles suspended in a fluid comprises a container having an inlet for the fluid and an outlet for the fluid once cleaned of the solid particles, the outlet being situated higher than the inlet. The container has a truncoconical wall converging in a downwards direction, at a smaller end of which is located a discharge which is connected to a chamber for collecting the solid particles. The inlet of the container comprises a plurality of mouths each of which is crossed by a fraction of a total volume of fluid entering the container. The fluid is injected into the container in a direction which has at least one component which is tangential with respect to an axis of the truncoconical wall. The separator is particularly useful for separating solid particles in discharge fluids coming from dental equipment.

Abstract: A particle separator having a housing, a radially centered core, helical augers which force a fluid stream in a helical flow direction, and separator devices for the progressive separation of particles from a particulate contaminated fluid stream.

Abstract: There is provided a hydrocyclone which operates on a relatively low pressure differential and on a linear flow principle. The hydrocyclone comprises an inlet chamber with a vortex creating a spiral insert therein, which inlet chamber opens in to a frustoconical portion of the hydrocyclone body. The frustoconical portion opens into a cylindrical portion which leads both to the accept and reject outlets at the end. The hydrocyclone is particularly useful for on sight separation of produced water in oil fields. The invention also provides hydrocyclone units of linked hydrocyclones according to the present invention, fluid separation systems incorporating hydrocyclones of the invention and methods of separating fluids using hydrocyclones in the invention.

Abstract: A separation apparatus for separating a mixture of materials including a cyclone having an inlet capable of being switched into either one of two conditions, such as fully closed and fully or pre-set partially open, by movement of at least part of the cyclone. A plurality of cyclones may be provided enclosed in a pressure vessel.

Abstract: A compact cyclonic filter assembly used for separating unwanted debris from a fluid. The cyclonic filter assembly uses the centrifugal forces to separate large pieces of debris from the fluid and a filter to separate the remaining unwanted debris from the fluid. The present invention can be contained in a compact single housing which may be disassembled for easy cleaning and replacement of parts. The cyclonic filter assembly of the present invention has a vertically oriented cylindrical tube which receives a tangential injection of the debris laden fluid. The tangential injection causes the fluid to circulate around a cylindrical vortex finder which is inside of and coaxial with the tube. The centrifugal forces acting on the debris causes the debris to move outward away from the center of the vortex. The vortex finder has an opening which pulls in the relatively clean fluid near the center of the vortex while the debris laden fluid settles into a collection chamber below the cylindrical tube.

Abstract: A device for separating and filtering particles in a flow of contaminated fluid, the device including a casing having an inlet duct fitted with a cyclone separator designed to concentrate centrifugally particles in the inlet flow towards the periphery of the flow, a tubular element mounted in the casing with the upstream end of the element adjacent the inlet duct and having a diameter smaller than the inlet duct so that the substantially clean fluid from the cyclone separator flows into a central flow path within the tubular element and the contaminated fluid from the separator flows into a peripheral flow path between the tubular element and the casing, and a filter mounted in the casing adjacent an outlet duct so that the clean fluid in the central flow path passes through a central passage of the filter to the outlet duct and the contaminated fluid in the peripheral flow path is filtered by the filter to form a filtered flow which mixes with the clean fluid in the central passage whereby the fluid flow rat

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for discharge limitation and simultaneous temporary storage of waste water and also separation of settleable and floating matter from foul water and is notable for the fact that it comprises a cyclone chamber (2) which is connected to an inlet (1), which is constructed in accordance with the natural spiral shape of the vortex and which comprises round openings (4; 6) at the top and bottom, and in that a rotationally symmetrical container (8) seamlessly adjoins the top opening (6), in which container (8) a guide pipe is disposed which extends centrally from the top opening (6) to just below the upper edge (10) of the container.

Abstract: A centrifugal cleaner is constructed so that its efficiency is less sensitive to consistency changes of the feed slurry, and so that it can operate at a higher consistency than conventional cleaners, yet optimizes separation efficiency. This is accomplished by disposing a turbulence generator in the tangential inlet to the cleaner, the turbulence generator comprising an abrupt cross-sectional area reduction (e.g. a cross-sectional area of about 0.1-0.3 times as large as the cross-sectional area of the inlet) so as to break up fiber flocs and prevent reformation of the flocs. Existing centrifugal cleaners can easily be retrofit by the method of the invention to achieve the invention's advantages by inserting a turbulence generator into the inlet of an existing centrifugal cleaner. The tangential inlet leads to a hollow main body which includes a vortex finder located in the body top.