Abstract: Apparatus for use in an ion exchange unit or column comprising a riser pipe, a port coupled to one end of said pipe, a first rigid cylinder having apertures therein mounted concentrically on the pipe, a port coupled to the space between the pipe and said cylinder, a mesh sleeve concentrically mounted about the cylinder, a sieve mounted about the mesh sleeve, a second rigid cylinder concentric with the pipe and near its outer end, a second mesh sleeve mounted about said second rigid cylinder and a sieve bag containing the second mesh sleeve. The aperture size in said sieve material is only sufficiently fine to prevent the passage of ion exchange resin beads.

Abstract: A flat filter assembly may be installed in relatively narrow spaces which would otherwise be wasted such as the space beside a kitchen cabinet and the basin of a kitchen sink, inside a freezer door or on a countertop. The filter assembly includes a housing, preferably U-shaped, having a plurality of transversely extending ribs, formed in the opposed side walls of the housing, which reinforce the housing and which cause a generally serpentine flow of water through the housing during operation of the filter. Protrusions preferably are formed in the housing in addition to the ribs to strengthen further the housing and to aid in preventing the formation of channels through the granulated filter medium contained within the housing. The filter housing is preferably manufactured via a blow molding process.

Abstract: A fluidized bed biological filter system for fish tanks having a primary container structure for receiving particulate material and a secondary container structure for receiving contaminated water from a fish tank. The front and rear walls of the primary container structure converge downwardly toward each other to form an acute angle. The rear wall of the primary container structure incorporates a manifold having an inlet port at its top end and an outlet port adjacent the bottom of the primary container structure. The outlet end of the manifold is linear in shape and extends between the laterally spaced side walls of the primary container structure. Particulate material having a specific gravity greater than water is placed in the bottom of the primary container structure. The contaminated water from a fish tank is first pumped into the secondary container structure and a pump therein pumps the contaminated water into the inlet port of the manifold.

Abstract: A drinking water purification system includes a flat filter assembly which may be installed in relatively narrow spaces which would otherwise be wasted such as the space beside a kitchen cabinet and the basin of a kitchen sink, inside a freezer door or on a countertop. The filter assembly includes a housing, preferably U-shaped, having a plurality of transversely extending ribs, formed in the opposed side walls of the housing, which reinforce the housing and which cause a generally serpentine flow of water through the housing during operation of the filter. Protrusions preferably are formed in the housing in addition to the ribs to strengthen further the housing and to aid in preventing the formation of channels through the granulated filter medium contained within the housing. Internal or external quick connect couplers preferably connect the filter assembly to a source of untreated water and to a dispenser.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a water filter and particularly to a water filter with a rotary filter tube, comprising a water filter cylinder and a plurality of filter leaf thimbles so that there is a maximum filter course in a certain filter space for water filtering. It is very convenient to replace the filter leaves (thimbles) outside the water inlet pipe (port).

Abstract: A water purifying system including two or more stages for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from source water. The system may be configured such that water is first passed through a biocidal resin, and then through a granular metal alloy and an activated carbon filter to remove iodides released into the water by the biocidal resin. The granular metal alloy may be agitated by turbulent motion as the water treated.

Abstract: An ion-exchange resin holder (18) to recover silver from photographic rinsing water with a perforate inlet (37) and outlet (29) resin restrainer between which a mass (38) of ion-exchange resin is restrained in the holder and a liquid restrainer (32) near the inlet for deflecting part of the incoming water towards the bottom end, and for allowing another part of said incoming water to pass undeflectedly towards the outlet opening.

Abstract: The filtration system provides a long horizontal flow path through buoyant filter media. The filter media is contained in a vessel and the relationship between the water level in the vessel and the amount of filter media is such that the media extends completely across the horizontal flow path of the water during the filtration mode of operation. The system is configured so that the buoyant media volume expands during a cleansing mode of operation.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device is described which includes a cylindrical housing with fluid inlet and outlet means at or adjacent opposite ends. Particulate material for treating fluid flowed through the device, is disposed within the housing, between the inlet and outlet means. A helical baffle is disposed within the housing in the particulate material. The baffle extends axially along the housing and the free edges of its fins are in contact with the housing. The baffle serves to impose a helical path on fluid flowing through the device so that, when the device is mounted with its axis horizontal and with a volume of particulate material less than the volume of the space within the housing, fluid flows through the particulate material most of the time and not entirely along the void as would be the case if the baffle were not present.

Abstract: A bed of particulate material of varying sizes is located within a vessel. This bed comprises an upper and lower region. Particulate material is supplied continuously to the center of the upper region so as to form a peak shape which descends downwardly and radially outwardly from the center. Liquid to be filtered is introduced to this peak shape and is filtered downwardly through the bed. A majority of the filtered liquid passes through a screen located between the upper and the lower regions into a screen filtrate enclosure. The remaining liquid continues to the lower region. This liquid and dirty particulate material are transported by an air lift tube from the lower region to a position above the upper region. At this position, the particulate material is washed and supplied to the center of the upper region. The remaining liquid and filtered particles are removed from the vessel.

Abstract: A method for purifying water or other aqueous media in which a stream of the aqueous media is introduced into a fixed bed of a purification media and turbulent flow through the fixed bed is induced to permit intimate contact between the aqueous media and the purification media. Also disclosed is an apparatus for purifying the aqueous media which includes an outer housing having an inlet aperture and an outlet aperture; a multi-chamber purification unit disposed within the housing, and means for measuring the purity of aqueous media treated within the multi-chamber unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-cleaning filter in which the suspension to be filtered is introduced into the filter media at a lower portion of the apparatus. The dirtied filter media flows out the bottom of the apparatus by gravity, while the material being filtered flows upwardly through the filter media into an annular chamber, over a weir and out an outlet pipe. The dirty filter media is mixed with clarified liquid that is received from a confined chamber in the upper portion of the filtering apparatus and the slurry so formed flows into the inlet of a pump. The pump scours the material acting to partially separate the liquid and particulate from the filter material. The slurry is then pumped up into a separator wherein further separation takes place with the liquid and particulate matter being directed out of the separator back for reprocessing and the clean filter medium is reintroduced into the filtering apparatus.

Abstract: A liquid filtered cartridge comprising a hollow cylindrical body with top and bottom bulkheads closing top and bottom ends, respectively, thereof. The body has a plurality of peripheral input openings into the top chamber for the introduction of liquid and further includes a plurality of space inwardly facing peripheral ridges on the inner surface for preventing laminar flow of the liquid therethrough adjacent the inner walls of the body. Intermediate bulkheads having passageways therethrough are spaced between the top and bottom bulkheads and divide the liquid filter cartridge into chambers and a granular absorbent material is disposed within one of the chambers. Filter means are disposed within the other chambers and prevent the flow of granular material out of the chamber containing the granular material.

Abstract: A water purification device comprises a raw water channel forming plate extending spirally along the inner wall of a filter tank. A collector for collecting filtered water, positioned in the layer of the filter medium substantially at the center of the raw water channel forming plate, is also disclosed. Since the raw water is filtered from the periphery of the layer of the filter medium and the continuous raw water channel formed by the spirally extending raw water channel forming plate enables the number of influx points of raw water into the raw water channel to be reduced to one at a minimum, the structure is simplified and manufacture costs are reduced.

Abstract: An upflow, buoyant media filter for industrial and municipal water and wastewater treatment is disclosed. The filter bed is supported in a tank such that there is defined an influent reservoir below the filter bed and an effluent reservoir above the filter bed. By inducing a continuous circulating flow of influent within the influent reservoir, the waste is slowly agitated allowing it to coagulate. As the waste particles are carried to the relatively quiescent areas near the perimeter of the tank, those that are heavy enough settle to the bottom of the tank. The lighter particles are carried along in the circulating flow to continue the coagulation process. Waste particles which do not settle out are ultimately removed by the filter media. As the waste particles build up on the surface of the filter media, they agglomerate. As their density increases, these particles tend to drop off of their own weight or may be scoured off by the circulating flow of influent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for continuously extracting ions from a clear liquid or a liquid containing materials in suspension, by means of a bed of grains of exchange substances.The process comprises maintaining the bed in a permanent condition of fluidization by an absolutely continuous feed of liquid, and subjecting the bed to cyclic pulsation phenomena in such a way as to ensure grading of the grains on the basis of density, in dependence on their ion charge. To carry out that process, an apparatus comprises a fluidization column which does not have any plate capable of interfering with the grading operation, a pulsation generator which operates by taking off liquid at the top of the column and re-injecting it in a surge manner at the base of the bed, and a system for centrifuging the liquid to be treated, for removing the sandy materials therefrom.

Abstract: A fluid-solids contacting apparatus which is useful in simultaneously contacting several different liquid streams with different parts of a fixed bed of solid material is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an imperforate centerpipe mounted in an outer vessel with discoid layers of fluid distributor pans being suspended from the centerpipe and the vessel. A fluid may be added or withdrawn at any layer through horizontal conduits leading to annular distribution rings mounted on the centerpipe, with smaller pipes branching radially from the distribution rings to the individual distributor pans. Each distributor pan comprises an upper and lower horizontal particle retaining screen and two flat flow diversion plates which force the fluid to flow to a central mixing area between the plates and at which the smaller pipe connects with the distributor pans. The distributor pans thereby serve to mix and redistribute fluids flowing vertically through the apparatus.

Abstract: The radiation shielding surrounding a radionuclide generator of the parent-daughter type can be minimized if the containing means used to contain the support medium onto which is adsorbed the parent nuclide defines a curved path.

Abstract: An apparatus for the recovery of liquid from a liquid medium containing solids includes a rotatable outer drum having a liquid-permeable drum wall and containing liquid-absorbing material, a rotatable inner wall having a liquid impervious drum wall and being mounted for rotation within and eccentrically relative to the outer drum, the drums being rotatable in the same direction into the liquid medium so as to transport the material through a compression zone in which the material is compressed so as to remove absorbed liquid therefrom and subsequently through a pressure-relief zone in which the liquid-absorbing material is allowed to expand and to absorb liquid from the liquid medium, a device or devices contacting the exterior surface of the outer drum to remove solids deposited thereon, such devices being located between the zones, and a device for collecting liquid removed from the liquid-absorbing material in the compression zone.

Abstract: A method of filtering a liquid comprising the steps of providing a bed of particulate material, withdrawing material from the base of the bed, supplying replacement particulate material to the bed in such a manner that the bed has a free inclined upper surface, and causing the liquid to be filtered to flow through the bed by entering the same through said inclined upper suface, and apparatus for carrying out such method. Preferably the particulate material is comprised by particles of various sizes whereby a classifying action takes place to give a structured filter bed.