Abstract: A fuel treatment apparatus having a settling chamber with a fuel introducing conduit passing through the top of the chamber and extending to a lower portion of the chamber to define a fuel inlet in the lower portion of the chamber. A bouyant valve means is located within the first conduit means to permit fuel introduction during normal operation but to close off the conduit during periods of non-operation and thus closing off fluid communication between the fuel treatment apparatus and the fuel tank. A fuel outlet is provided to remove the fuel after the treatment. A recess in the bottom of the chamber has drain means in the bottom thereof for the removal of moisture from the bottom of the chamber. Novel means are provided to permit introduction of fuel when the normal fuel inlet is clogged, for example, by the freezing of collected moisture therein. This is provided by means of a secondary small fuel inlet in an upper portion of the first conduit means.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the biological purification of water by means of a closed percolating filter operated with pure oxygen and/or air, and an upward-flow filter disposed downstream of the percolating filter, with flotation filter material therein, saturation of the gas cushion predominantly containing oxygen in the percolating filter is controlled by selection of the operating pressure in such a fashion that the oxygen supply corresponds to the biochemical oxygen demand of the water on the one hand, while on the other hand a residual oxygen content dissolved in the water permits continuation with a biological fine purification operation in the upward-flow filter. The apparatus comprises a first chamber with the percolating filter, the water flowing downwardly therethrough, and a second chamber with filter material through which the water flows upwardly.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bio-filtration system that provides excellent solids removal and carbonaceous B.O.D. and ammonia nitrogen removal and which comprises in combination a tank, wedge wire panels disposed horizontally therein, a fixed film media reactor with vertical channels therein, and means for introducing effluent to be treated into said tank whereby said effluent flow upwardly through said fixed film media reactor and then through said wedge wire panels.

Abstract: An arrangement for operation to reduce organic contaminant concentration in water passing therethrough as provided. The arrangement includes at least one reactor comprising a plurality of treatment chambers oriented in series, each chamber including an upstream downcomer portion and a downstream column portion separated by a wall member. Fluid flow is provided between a downcomer portion and the column portion. Means are provided such that water can flow through any associated chamber by introduction into an upper portion of the downcomer portion of the chamber, with passage downwardly to a feed space and a bottom portion of the column portion of the chamber and upwardly through the column portion. The water then flows outwardly from the chamber, into a next downstream chamber if one is provided.

Abstract: A waste removal and/or segregation system for removing liquid and solid waste simultaneously from waste-holding tanks or vessels. The solid matter in the waste is filtered or segregated into one holding area and the liquid waste placed in a separate holding vessel so that each waste material may be independently disposed of in accordance with current EPA requirements. A separation or filtration element is interposed between a conventional liquid waste removal system including a container for the liquid waste and the nozzle applied to the waste material containing both solid and liquid matter. This vessel has an inlet connected to the nozzle and an outlet connected to the vacuum source through the liquid waste storage tank. The novel vessel of this invention has a filtration system that permits the liquid waste to exit for independent disposal while retaining solid matter for independent disposal.

Abstract: A flat, flexible, plastic container has an openable and a closed end separated by a sealed region dividing the container into a first and second chambers. The first chamber extends from the openable end to the closed end which contains a filtration assembly separating the first and second chambers. When the first chamber is positioned above the second chamber and filled with contaminated fluid, gravity draws the contaminated water from the first chamber through the filtration assembly to fill the second chamber with filtered water.

Abstract: A separator for removing water from a lower density liquid fuel has a generally circular cross-section container with co-axual downwardly open outlet conduit that includes a portion widening towards the bottom entry opening. An inlet above the widening portion of the conduit directs a liquid flow obliquely downwards and radially offset from the conduit to generate a rotational flow promoting separation of the denser water fraction from the fuel. Smaller water droplets that drift down the outer surface of the outlet conduit because they are less influenced by centrifugal forces, are collected in an upturned lip at the bottom edge of the conduit. There they coalesce into larger drops that can fall through the outlet flow to the bottom of the container. A shield in the container lower region limits the entrainment of remaining smaller droplets from that lower region into the outlet flow.

Abstract: A universal drain trap and separator having a hand removable bowl with an open top and a center post which extends upwardly through a lid member which closes the bowl in a sealed relation; inlet and outlet conduits attached to the lid and fastening means including a handle which passes up through the center post of the bowl for attachment to the lid and a peripheral lip around the top of the bowl extending upwardly sufficiently to contain the fluid in the conduits and trap when the bowl is removed therefrom.

Abstract: A fluid filter apparatus uses an outer container configured to receive a removable columnar-like filter having its largest filter elements located at the bottom and its finest filter elements located at the top, from which a port communicates to a space within the housing, outwardly of the filter, for storing the cleaned fluid. The fluid to be cleaned passes through the columnar filter through a pipe through a space immediately below the filter. A pan-like dish communicates to the upper portion of the pipe to receive the fluid to be cleaned. A valve communicates to the storage area adjacent the inner walls of the housing and is used to draw off the cleaned fluid when required.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel apparatus for removing contaminants from diesel fuel while simultaneously heating such fuel, and provides a collection zone for accumulating separated water and other contaminants.

Abstract: A method and device for use in connection with a dough divider machine which continuously uses mineral oil for lubrication. The method comprises capturing mineral oil, flour, and dough contaminants which becomes mixed as the dough divider operates and filtering the captured mixture so that substantially pure mineral oil is separated from the flour, dough and contaminates. The substantially pure mineral oil is then injected back into the dough divider machine for lubrication. By comparing lost mineral oil to the weight of bakery products produced during a predetermined period, the amount of mineral oil in the bakery products is determined. The filtration method and device utilize a gravity filtration diffuser coalesence and precipitation and a suction filtration. The device is portable for use with either one or more dough divider machines and for cleaning.

Abstract: A combination fuel filter and water separator which is particularly useful at the upstream, suction side of a fuel pump includes efficient provision for initial settling of water and particulate material in a lower chamber, after which the fluid passes up through a backflow preventing check valve and into an upper chamber, where fine filtration takes place. The check valve, preferably a ball valve between the lower and upper chambers, prevents any backflow of fuel by gravity from the filter/separator assembly when a top cover is opened, e.g. for servicing of a filter element in the upper chamber. The location of the ball valve avoids subjecting it to highly contaminated entering fuel, which could foul the valve. Associated with the inlet structure of the assembly is a channel for inducing a helical flow path for centrifugally removing water and particles while imparting a downward component of motion to them.

Abstract: A separating device for removing water from a fuel oil/water mixture includes a cartridge comprising a filtering media and a sump. The cartridge is installed on a mounting head, which includes a pump and a pair of check valves to permit fluid to be drained from the sump by operation of the pump. A bypass passage permits fluid to bypass the check valves during normal operation of the device, but a plunger closes the bypass passage to permit operation of the pump to move fluid through the device.

Abstract: A cold trap disposed in a system in which liquid sodium is circulated as a heat exchanging medium, and adapted for removing impurities from the liquid sodium. The cold trap has a vessel in which defined are a cooling zone for cooling the liquid sodium containing the impurities, trapping zone in which the precipitated impurities are trapped and separated from the liquid sodium and an economizer zone in which the purified liquid sodium is reheated. The cooling zone and the economizer zone are disposed adjacent to each other, so that the purified sodium flowing through the economizer zone may be heated by the liquid sodium flowing through the cooling zone. The trapping zone is disposed in the passage of the liquid sodium interconnecting the heating and economizer zones.

Abstract: A fuel filter connectable in-line to a fuel system of an internal combustion engine has first and second separation means. The first separation means includes a reservoir in which fuel and larger contaminates settle and can be drained. The second separation means includes a baffle and screen mounted within a main body generally transverse to the fuel flow. A cap is selectively connectable to the main body to hold the screen in a set position and to further provide a passageway from the interior of the fuel filter to an outlet to the fuel system.

Abstract: Particles of precious metal are recovered from a mixture drawn from the mouth of a dental patient. An enclosure is interiorly divided by a perforated baffle into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The mixture is introduced into the lower chamber by an inlet conduit which has a substantially smaller cross section than the lower chamber so that a reduced velocity in the lower chamber will permit gravitational settlement of the particles. Residual fluids flow upwardly through the perforated baffle at a relatively low velocity, and they are removed through an outlet conduit which extends into the upper chamber and is connected to a vacuum source.

Abstract: A low velocity converging flow filter for removing at least part of the solids content from a solids-bearing fluid or fluid mixture comprising a generally conically shaped housing the larger diameter end of which forms an inlet for the fluid or fluid mixture and the smaller diameter end of which an exit therefor, a plurality of spaced, annular segments of progressively decreasing diameter being mounted in the housing in a manner complementary to the conical shape of the housing, each segment including a lip or flange at the downstream end thereof to deflect solids striking same into the main fluid stream passing through the filter while permitting fluid to pass around the lip or flange into the spacing between adjacent segments for removal from the filter. The segments may be porous to allow injection of fluid into the fluid stream to enhance dilution of solids in the stream in the region of the lip or flange.

Abstract: A plurality of elongated hollow, circular, foraminous substantially vertical tubes contiguously stacked transversely to the direction flowing liquid such as waste water containing foreign matter, i.e., settable solids and free oil, in a coalescer-separator apparatus provide a filter body providing for significant surface area contact by the liquid on both inside and outside surfaces of the tubes to entrap the foreign matter but defining substantially vertical passages permitting the entrapped foreign matter to be gravity separated with the lighter matter coalescing and floating upwardly and the heavier matter settling downwardly so that substantially clarified effluent flows from the apparatus. The stacked tube filter body is contained within an insulated closed container of a sufficient capacity, and the arrays of holes in the tube walls are coordinated with respect to the intended volumetric capacity of the apparatus, so that turbulence in the liquid flowing through the filter body is minimized.

Abstract: A device for separating water from diesel fuel is adapted to be used with conventional fuel filter fittings and consists of a conical screen-like member which serves to separate the water from the fuel and in which the inlet providing the fuel which may have water therein is interior of the downwardly diverging conical member. A quiet zone is provided at the base of the cone to reduce turbulence and allow the water to be drained off by an automatically operated valve which operates in conjunction with the air compressor already on the truck.

Abstract: A plumbing fixture with an integral strainer is provided for separating solids and other foreign bodies from a liquid flowing through a pipe. A generally T-shaped conduit section is provided having at least three portals including an input and an output portal for being operably interposed along the pipe for passing the fluid therethrough. The conduit also includes an access portal and a removable closure coupled thereto for allowing external access to within the conduit. A strainer is provided within the conduit and generally adjacent to the access portal for separating solids from the liquid flowing therethrough. The strainer is typically positioned above the access portal for allowing gravitational displacement of the solids toward the access portal after the liquid flow pressure has subsided.

Abstract: U-shaped traps for waste drain pipes are provided wherein removable strainer means are disposed within the traps for entrapping various size particles and valuable articles which have accidentally entered the drain pipes. The trap is provided with removable access means for permitting the strainer means to be easily placed within or withdrawn from the bottom section of the trap. The strainer means are of a novel construction for the purpose of entrapping particles and for ease of handling.

Abstract: Phase separation in a solvent (liquid-liquid) extraction process is effected in a settling tank by passage through one or more coalescer units. The mixed liquid phases to be separated are introduced at a main supply position from which flow is radially outwardly into the settling tank. A polygonal settling tank is described having removable segments arranged around a mixer tank.

Abstract: An upflow filter usable with a home sewage treatment plant, and including a container therefor. The container comprises a dividing wall extending thereacross dividing it into first and second filtering chambers, each of which has a grating therein serving to divide each filtering chamber into top and bottom portions. Each grating is adapted to support thereon a filtering media. The container has an inlet and an outlet, with there being provided a vertical opening or passage in the dividing wall in communication with said inlet, and with such passage having lateral exit openings communicating the vertical passage with the respective filtering chamber, adjacent the bottom thereof. A well is provided in the dividing wall downstream from the vertical passage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-stage, single vessel, purification system for removing solid particles from liquids.Within the central portion of the vessel is a deceleration chamber having flow control means. About and substantially coextensive with the deceleration chamber is a filtering chamber. Depending well into the filtering chamber are a plurality of septums preferably coated with filter aid. Below the deceleration and filtering chambers is a settling chamber, and beneath the vessel is an expulsion device.A contaminated liquid is fed into the deceleration chamber and decelerated. In this chamber the lighter solid particles rise to the top of the liquid where they are removed, while the heavier density particles settle downwardly. As the liquid moves downwardly from the deceleration chamber it essentially displaces liquid in the settling chamber upwardly into the filtering chamber. In so doing the change of direction of liquid movement also causes the heavier particles to settle downwardly.

Abstract: The hot mixture of solid slag particles and water produced by contacting water with the molten slag released from a blast furnace is introduced into a tank equipped with an overflow and a filter at the overflow which permits a portion of the water and a minor fraction of slag fines to overflow. The major fraction of larger slag particles collects at the bottom of the tank and is pumped as a slurry containing the remainder of the heated water to a remote sedimentation zone where the slag particles and the water of the slurry are separated.

Abstract: A filter device for straining brake fluid in a hydraulic brake system comprises a disk shaped core the opposite sides of which are attached to a cup shaped bowl. A filter element is secured to one side of the core in one bowl. Nipples integral with the core extend radially outward and communicate with radial bores in the core. The bores have axial portions opening at opposite sides of the core in the bowls. One pipe may connect the filter device to the reservoir of a master brake cylinder via one nipple, and another pipe may connect the filter device to a source of brake fluid via the other nipples. A bleed hole adapted to be closed by a removable screw is provided in the outer wall of each of the bowls. The filter element may have a porous body made of sintered metal and may have a cylindrical outer wall with a reetrant conical wall.

Abstract: Presented is a filter device for the fuel of diesel engines to remove water and entrained solids from the fuel, and which prevents the build-up of pockets of air within the filter device.

Abstract: An upflow filter adapted to be used with a home sewage treatment plant which includes a container which has a wall extending thereacross to divide the container into first and second filtering chambers. First and second gratings are located in the first and second chambers respectively and serve to divide each filtering chamber into top and bottom portions and each grating has filtering media covering the same. The container has an inlet and an outlet with the outlet located at a lower level from the inlet. First liquid conduit means are connected to the wall and provides for fluid communication from the inlet to the bottom portion of each of the first and second filtering chambers. Second liquid conduit means are connected to the wall and provides for fluid communication from the top portion of each of the first and second filtering chambers to the outlet.

Abstract: An improved self-contained apparatus for the separation of low density fluids from higher density insoluable fluids or particles or both in which initial separation, coalescing and filtration steps are carried out substantially in series and in that order, is disclosed. Specific embodiments of such apparatus for use in oil-water separation are described and specific structures and devices for use in such apparatus are disclosed.

Abstract: An upflow filter adapted to be used with a home sewage treatment plant which includes a container which has a wall extending thereacross to divide the container into first and second filtering chambers. First and second gratings are located in the first and second chambers respectively and serve to divide each filtering chamber into top and bottom portions and each grating has filtering media covering the same. The container has an inlet and an outlet with the outlet located at a lower level from the inlet. .[.First liquid conduit means are connected to the wall and provides for fluid communication from the inlet to the bottom portions of each of the first and second filtering chambers. Second liquid.]. .Iadd.A vertical opening is cast into the dividing wall and has lateral exit portions that communicate with the bottom portions of the first and second filtering chambers. The liquid inlet communicates with this vertical opening. Liquid .Iaddend.