Abstract: A water filter system that includes a base that receives water from a faucet, where the base includes a bottom support and a vertical support transversely extending from the bottom support. The vertical support includes a visual light display having visual indicators that indicate different parameters of the filter system. A filter cartridge is seated in the base, and defines a first chamber having at least one filter element, and a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber. An enhancement cartridge is removably inserted in the second chamber of the filter cartridge and includes an enhancement material for adding minerals to the water. A cover having an opening is configured to slidingly engage the vertical support of the base so that the visual light display is positioned within the opening of the cover and visible to a user.

Abstract: Provided is a mobile water quality monitoring platform for a fishpond, belonging to the technical field of water quality monitoring devices. The mobile water quality monitoring platform for a fishpond includes a floating body, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft are disposed on the floating body, the first rotating shaft is rotatably disposed on the floating body through two first support plates, two second support plates are vertically disposed on the floating body, an elongated chute hole is horizontally disposed on two second support plates respectively, both ends of the second rotating shaft are inserted into two chute holes respectively, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected through a connecting rod mechanism, a driving mechanism that enables the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to rotate simultaneously is disposed on the connecting rod mechanism.

Abstract: A water pitcher with sensing capabilities is provided. The water pitcher includes at least a container adapted or otherwise shaped for retaining water therein, and a cover adapted to cover at least a portion of the container. The water pitcher further includes an indication assembly attached to the container and/or the cover. The indication assembly includes at least a sensor for detecting movement of contents within the water pitcher and/or movement of the pitcher upon expiration of a filter within the pitcher. Upon detecting movement of the pitcher, the sensor is configured to activate an indicator (e.g., an LED) for notifying a user of the expired filter and/or movement of the pitcher during the expiration period of the filter.

Abstract: A single use filtering device comprises a filter body formed at least in part of a filter medium configured to hold a sample during filtration and a fastening element configured for releasably mounting the filtering device to a holder. The fastening element being adapted to undergo an irreversible structural alteration during the mounting or removal of the filtering device from the holder to prevent remounting of the filtering device to the holder.

Abstract: An oil strainer includes a body having first and a second tubular member. One end of an outlet side tubular member has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of one end of an inlet side tubular member. The inner periphery of the one end of the outlet side tubular member includes a fusion bonding part, a shoulder closer to the one end of the outlet side tubular member than the fusion bonding part and another shoulder closer to the other end of the outlet side tubular member than the fusion bonding part. The outer periphery of the one end of the inlet side tubular member includes a fusion bonding part, a shoulder closer to the one end of the inlet side tubular member than the fusion bonding part and another shoulder closer to the other end of the inlet side tubular member than the fusion bonding part.

Abstract: A filter status module for use with a container based filtration device includes a dispensing sensor and a user interface communicatively coupled to a processing unit. The processing unit counts a number of dispensing events, duration and/or angle of tilt signaled by the dispensing sensor and outputs a filter status on the user interface as a function of the number of dispensing events, duration and/or angle of tilt. The processing unit may further track an elapsed period of time from insertion of a new filter and output the filter status as a further function of the elapsed period of time.

Abstract: A platelet collection device comprising a centrifugal spin-separator container with a cavity having a longitudinal inner surface. A float in the cavity has a base, a platelet collection surface above the base, an outer surface. The float density is below the density of erythrocytes and above the density of plasma. The platelet collection surface has a position on the float which places it below the level of platelets when the float is suspended in separated blood. During centrifugation, a layer of platelets or buffy coat collects closely adjacent the platelet collection surface. Movement of a float having a density greater than whole blood through the sedimenting erythrocytes releases entrapped platelets, increasing the platelet yield.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture provide for resuspending and/or collecting blood and/or other types of cells in solution. In one embodiment, cells may be recovered from used surgical sponges and/or other types of surgical articles.

Abstract: A filter (1) to purify the water distributed by a dispenser, fitted with a special sanitizing device incorporated therein. Inside of the said filter (1), below the water chamber (3), is a disinfectant chamber (4) that contains the solution designed to sanitize the said dispenser. A mechanism causes the sanitizing solution to flow into the water chamber (3) of the filter (1) and into the piping, for performing the subsequent sanitizing action.

Abstract: A head for a water filter system having a filter element including a three-way valve member movable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. When the valve member is in the first position, incoming water is directed to the filter element to remove sediment and impurities from the water. When the valve member is in the second position, the incoming water is blocked from passing through the filter element and the valve member. Lastly, when the valve member is in the third position, the incoming water passes through the valve member and not the filter element so that the filter element can be removed and replaced without interrupting the incoming water flow.

Abstract: A water purification apparatus for treating water containing at least some organic contaminants, and having a pre-treatment device for removing organic contaminants from a water stream, and having, a spin up bowl; a recovery bowl; an annular flow passage between the bowls; a magnetic member around the flow passageway; a magnetic body positioned adjacent to the member wherein the magnetic member and the magnetic body define a restricted annular flow passageway between them for flow of water from the spin up bowl to the recovery bowl; Also disclosed is a method of water treatment using the apparatus.

Abstract: Method for the removal of organic components from a mixture of organic components and water, characterized in that it comprises the steps of guiding the mixture through at least one vessel (3) in which has been provided an amount of organoclay (17) in at least one removable casing (18) which is permeable to liquids and gasses but not to organoclay particles, or on a supporting structure (28) from where the organoclay particles cannot come off, such that the amount of organoclay particles is at any time part of a removable entity; and of producing a flow through the aforesaid mixture in this vessel (3) by guiding a flow of gas bubbles through this mixture.

Abstract: A deep fat fryer with continuous oil filtering and purging of sediments therefrom during uninterrupted fryer operation is provided. The filter includes a cylindrical hollow housing with a first end and a second end and a hollow cylindrical screen with a longitudinal axis and first and second ends. The screen is disposed coaxially within the hollow housing to define an annulus therebetween. A piston mounted within the screen and reciprocatingly movable along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends of the screen. A pump, seal, and associate motor are provided to provide continuous oil flow through the filter and the remainder of the fryer. A heat exchanger is provided downstream of the pump to transfer heat from the fryer to the oil flowing through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An indicator for the status of the filter is provided. The indicator comprises at least one erodable member in contact with the source fluid and a visual indication arrangement that permits a viewer to gauge the appearance of the erodable member to thereby gauge the filter status. The erodable member is eroded by interaction with the fluid or with an element within the fluid. The indicator may be incorporated as an integral component of a filter or may be a stand-alone device to be incorporated into a filter or filtration system.

Abstract: A filtration assembly generally includes a housing having a first end configured to interface with an outer container and having a second end configured to interface with an inner sleeve, wherein the housing includes a plurality of apertures configured to pass a liquid therethrough, and a counting device carried by the housing, wherein the counting device is configured to indicate to a user that an associated filter is exhausted.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a drilling fluid reclaimer. The reclaimer has at least one adjustable screen assembly for providing a leveling filter for reclaimed drill fluid. Used drill fluid is placed at the screen assembly at the front the of the screen assembly. The at least one screen is vibrated to separate large particulate matter from liquid drilling fluid. A second screen is provided for additional filtering. Large particulate matter is expelled by a chute at the back of the screen assembly. Drilling fluid passing through the screen is “reclaimed” for use with a drilling system.

Abstract: Audible features are provided for a fluid filter assembly and a filter cartridge for use with a fluid filter assembly. The audible features generate sound when the filter cartridge is installed in the filter system so as to provide a signal indicating proper installation. Sound can also be created when the filter cartridge is removed. The filter system can also be provided with features for reducing clogging of the fluid path leading to the filter element.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing blood therapy having a plurality of pumps for engaging blood and fluid tubing is characterized by a plurality of manually mounted and disengagable panels installed on the sides of the apparatus housing, the panels having pump engaging tubing mounted on the inside of the respective panels.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for the concentration of fluids comprising a donor receptacle containing a fluid to be concentrated, the donor receptacle comprising a plunger; a receiving receptacle to receive the concentrated fluid, the receiving receptacle comprising a plunger; a concentrator device that is connected to the donor receptacle and the receiving receptacle; and a housing that encloses the donor and receiving receptacles and the concentrator device that the plungers of the donor and receiving receptacles are enclosed within chambers that are gas tight.

Abstract: A multi-component apparatus reduces the moisture content of thickened, coagulated, or curdled food stuffs. The food stuffs rest upon a slotted tray, and gravity forces the excess moisture through the openings of the tray, a center filter, a disk screen, and into a collection cup. The disk screen has a solid surface that lines up with the openings in the tray and is raised and lowered using attached slide latches, dependent on the latch position. When the latches are positioned to the open position, the fluid is allowed to flow through into the attached collection cup and allows for the collection cup to be removed for draining and complete cleaning. The filter may be inside the tray or between the tray and the disk screen. A cover may be placed on the tray either during or following the filtration process to store the food product.

Abstract: A percolation filtering system comprises a flow path of the water to be filtered including a filter cartridge seat (4) for removably receiving a filter cartridge (5) so that said flow path extends through said filter cartridge when said filter cartridge is inserted into said seat, characterized in that it comprises recognition means and counter-means of the suitability of said cartridge, respectively on said cartridge and said seat, suitable for reciprocal interaction when the cartridge is inserted in the seat to enable operation of the filtering system following the cartridge's suitability recognition, or to disable it or signal the suitability/unsuitability respectively of the cartridge if the cartridge is recognized/ not recognized respectively by the recognition means.

Abstract: A process, system, and component configuration are described that discourages customer acceptance/use of will-fit, reconditioned, and counterfeit product components, by determining whether or not a serviceable product component is genuine. If a component is determined to not be genuine, then appropriate action may be taken to warn operators and document such findings. For example, one or more markers are disposed or otherwise put on the subject serviceable product component and serves as a targeted feature, and/or a particular characteristic of the filter itself is identified as the targeted feature. A sensor is used to detect the targeted feature and obtain information unique to the serviceable product component. The targeted feature(s) identifies the particular serviceable component as genuine and forms the basis for determining whether a genuine component has been installed. In some circumstances, a fluid filter product is the component that is the subject detection.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a filter may comprise a housing, a filter medium positioned within the housing, the filter medium having an operational life related to an amount of fluid passed through the filter medium, and a one-bit memory element coupled to the housing, the one-bit memory having a first state that indicates that the operational life of the filter medium has not expired and having a second state that indicates that the operational life of the filter medium has expired. The one-bit memory element may be illustratively embodied as a fusible link.

Abstract: A reservoir for use with a blood collection system includes a housing, a pre-filter, and a spring mechanism. The housing defines a cavity and has an inlet for receiving fluid from a source. The pre-filter is located within the cavity, removes particulates contained within the fluid, and allows the fluid to pass through the pre-filter. The spring mechanism is connected to the pre-filter and allows the pre-filter to travel within the cavity as the pre-filter collects particulates.

Abstract: A swimming pool cleaning vehicle including a housing having a body shell, a frame, and an interior with the housing. The housing having an outlet for releasing air from the shell. The shell being removably attached to the frame, and the frame including a base. The vehicle including a filtration system having a pump motor for pumping pool water through a filtration system, the pump creating a suction force, and the suction force being sufficient to allow the vehicle to climb the pool walls. The vehicle being capable of climbing the pool walls and breaking the surface of the water as it climbs the pool walls. The vehicle including logic for first, initiating vehicle movement, second, shutting off the pump motor, and third, re-starting the pump motor.

Abstract: Apparatus (200) for the application of topical negative pressure therapy to a user of the apparatus (200) is described together with a method for protecting said apparatus (200) when subjected to abnormal stresses, the apparatus (200) comprising a device (202) and a waste canister (204) releasably connected thereto wherein the device (202) and waste canister (204) are connected together by clip means (222), said clip means (222) being subject to failure upon application of abnormal stresses thereby permitting separation of the device (202) and waste canister (204).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for priming an extracorporeal blood circuit, in which the patient end of an arterial line (79) is connected to a first discharge port (61), and the patient end of a venous line (87) is connected to a second discharge port (62). The two discharge ports are connected to a used dialysate line which connects a dialyser (33) to a drain. The arterial and venous lines are filled with a priming fluid, while the air contained in the arterial and venous lines is evacuated partly through the first discharge port and partly through the second discharge port. Two check valves (65, 66) prevent flow from the used dialysate line towards the two discharge ports. The invention reduces the risk of errors on the part of an operator readying the priming configuration, as well as the risk of contamination of the extracorporeal circuit during the priming phase.

Abstract: A portable water treatment plant includes a membrane filter, a booster pump and a pressurized water tank. The membrane filter preferably receives water through a pump in a screen filter, but could receive water from other sources. The booster pump pumps water from an output of the membrane filter into the pressurized water tank. The water from the membrane filter is preferably pumped through at least one carbon filter for additional filtering. An air compressor is used to inject air into a backwash solution. An auxiliary inlet and an auxiliary outlet are created to receive a removable reverse osmosis filter. An electronic controller includes a touch screen monitor, which provides control of and displays various information concerning the portable water treatment plant. The electronic controller senses the insertion of the reverse osmosis filter into the portable water treatment plant. Chemicals in the cleaning solutions are neutralized before discharge.

Abstract: Apparatus improvements to the method for improving belt press dewatering which incorporates a high compression zone with multiple pinch points. Apparatus improvements include a) separate lower permeable belts with different materials, weave patterns wrap and weft thread diameters and opening sizes for each pinch point; b) an apparatus for raising the upper frame for ease of replacing belts and automatic recovery from jamming of belt press; and c) independent gap width and compression adjustments at each pinch point.

Abstract: A lubricant additive dispensing apparatus comprising a base providing a manifold distribution to present lubricant to a series of dispensing chambers. The dispensing chambers are fabricated having a porous sidewall formed in a tubular shape. Additive is stored within a reservoir formed by the tubular shape. A delivery piston is provided proximate and in fluid communication with the manifold. The lubricant applies pressure to the delivery piston. The delivery piston applies pressure to the stored additive. The pressure forces a small volume of additive to pass through the porous sidewall, blending the additive with the flowing lubricant. The reservoir can be formed between an outer tubular member and an inner tubular member. Lubricant can pass through an interior of the inner tubular member, exiting a flow discharge port located proximate an end cap assembled to a distal end of the reservoir.

Abstract: A filter press includes a press frame containing side beams (2) to support filter plates (17) movably along the longitudinal axis of the side beams (2). The filter plates (17) are oriented at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the side beams (2) and connected to one another. A pressure plate (4) can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the side beams (2) by a pushing or pulling device, and which presses the filter plates of the sliding carriage (3) against one another during the filtration process. The pushing or pulling device is mounted on a sliding carriage (3) that can be moved on the side beams (2) along the longitudinal axis of the side beams (2) by a drive unit mounted on the sliding carriage (3).

Abstract: Systems for automated capture and recovery of oil from oil-contaminated water and solids are disclosed. In some embodiments, the systems include the following: a plurality of automated robotic oil recovery units; a plurality of deployable oil collection membranes positioned within each of the units, each of the membranes including an upper half including a material impermeable to both water and crude oil and a lower half including a semi-permeable hydrophilic membrane that is permeable to water but impermeable to crude oil; and a high pressure carbon dioxide oil solids separation unit for separating oil from oil-contaminated solids thereby producing substantially oil-free solids and an oil and carbon dioxide mixture; a solids separation unit for the separating substantially oil-free solids from the oil and carbon dioxide mixture via gravity separation; and an oil separation unit for separating oil from the oil and carbon dioxide mixture using a pressure swing.

Abstract: The present invention is a water filter pitcher equipped with a removable, replaceable filter cartridge and means to count the number of times the pitcher is filled with water, and also means to notify the user when the pitcher has filtered enough water to exhaust the filtering capacity of the filter cartridge so that the user can replace the filter cartridge when necessary but does not have to remember to change the cartridge at a specific interval or count the number of gallons filtered manually, and instead can rely on the water filter pitcher to track the amount of water filtered and inform the user when to change the filter cartridge.

Abstract: A platelet collection device comprising a centrifugal spin-separator container with a cavity having a longitudinal inner surface. A float in the cavity has a base, a platelet collection surface above the base, an outer surface. The float density is below the density of erythrocytes and above the density of plasma. The platelet collection surface has a position on the float which places it below the level of platelets when the float is suspended in separated blood. During centrifugation, a layer of platelets or buffy coat collects closely adjacent the platelet collection surface. Movement of a float having a density greater than whole blood through the sedimenting erythrocytes releases entrapped platelets, increasing the platelet yield.

Abstract: Provided is a highly safe chromatography device that does not sacrifice user-friendliness during the addition and replacement of a sample holding container. The chromatography device has doors 10, 11, a door locking mechanism 15, and a sensor 13 for detecting whether the doors 10, 11 are open or closed. The doors 10, 11 are opened and closed to place a sample holding container 6 and a sample rack 1 in the chromatography device. The door locking mechanism 15 is operated to lock the doors 10, 11 when the sensor 13 indicates that the doors 10, 11 are closed and the analysis of a sample in the sample holding container 6 starts, and is operated to unlock the doors 10, 11 when a return operation and a washing operation terminate after a needle 2, a syringe 9, and other mechanical parts operate. Consequently, the sample holding container can be safely added or replaced without having to perform, for instance, a procedure for executing a pause function.

Abstract: An assembly for filtering water includes a housing, a water inlet for supplying unfiltered water to the housing, and a water filter including an outer casing attached to the housing in communication with the water inlet and a filter medium within the outer casing, the water filter filtering the unfiltered water through filter medium to provide filtered water. A water outlet is attached to the housing for transferring filtered water from the outer casing to a device via the housing. Some sort of indicia is located on the outer casing, and an optical device detects a feature of the indicia to determine if the water filter is properly installed in the housing. Related refrigeration appliances incorporating such devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A highly portable solar UV disinfection and water storage container with a uniquely traceable security seal that passively indicates by means of a permanent photochromic color change the efficacy of the UV disinfection process performed upon the drinking water within the sealed container.

Abstract: A wearable or portable intermittently operable hydration system (10) includes a purification module (22, 50) that contains one or more solid state UV devices that are positioned in the path of hydrating fluid, or water, flow through the hydration system to a mouthpiece (18). The UV LEDs are instant on devices with essentially no ramp-up required, and a sensor (20) or the opening of a push-pull valve (53) controls the turning on of the UV LEDs. The fluid flow path may run from a bladder (12) in a backpack (19) worn by the user, a sports bottle (54) worn by or carried by the user or may be through a water filtration system that a user operates via a pump. The power for the purification module may come from batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, power converted from pumping or winding action or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Chromatography systems and components suitable for use in chromatography systems are disclosed. Methods of making chromatography systems and components suitable for use in chromatography systems and methods of using chromatography systems and components suitable for use in chromatography systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A platelet collection device comprising a centrifugal spin-separator container with a cavity having a longitudinal inner surface. A float in the cavity has a base, a platelet collection surface above the base, an outer surface. The float density is below the density of erythrocytes and above the density of plasma. The platelet collection surface has a position on the float which places it below the level of platelets when the float is suspended in separated blood. During centrifugation, a layer of platelets or buffy coat collects closely adjacent the platelet collection surface. Movement of a float having a density greater than whole blood through the sedimenting erythrocytes releases entrapped platelets, increasing the platelet yield.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions of stem and progenitor cells recovered from bone marrow or cord blood containing most of the viable CD34+ cells and substantially depleted of red blood cells resident in the original sample, without any xenobiotic additives to aid cell separation. The invention also includes a system and method for preparing the compositions. The system includes a bag set and a processing device, which utilizes an optical sensor, microcontroller, servo motor, accelerometer, load cell, and battery. The system and method utilize centrifugation to stratify the cells into layers and then separate and transfer the stem cells into a stem cell bag. The processing device's microcontroller receives input from the device's accelerometer, load cell and optical sensor to direct the metering valve in the bag set to open and close to permit the transfer of as many stems cells as possible with as few red cells as possible.

Abstract: A reservoir for use with a blood collection system includes a housing, a pre-filter, and a spring mechanism. The housing defines a cavity and has an inlet for receiving fluid from a source. The pre-filter is located within the cavity, removes particulates contained within the fluid, and allows the fluid to pass through the pre-filter. The spring mechanism is connected to the pre-filter and allows the pre-filter to travel within the cavity as the pre-filter collects particulates.

Abstract: Device for carrying out a chemical or physical treatment, comprising a frame on which a turntable is arranged rotatably. The reaction vessels are arranged on the turntable, and a different connection between the feed/discharge lines, which are fixedly connected to the frame, and the reaction vessels is constantly provided via a valve assembly. The valve assembly comprises two disks, each provided with ports which are positioned opposite one another in constantly changing positions. In order to minimize the non-operational time, an indexing movement is carried out using the turntable. In the case of relatively large installations, to prevent associated forces from affecting the movement of the valve assembly, it is proposed that the valve assembly be fitted directly on the turntable and that the turntable be driven directly by the motor.

Abstract: The application is directed to an extracorporeal blood processing system capable of using dialysate to prime the system. A plastic molded compact manifold supports molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with relevant sensors, valves and pumps. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. A two-way valve in the manifold is used to direct the dialysate flow through the blood circuit to prime the circuit for use in treatment.

Abstract: A filter assembly is provided for an appliance that performs a useful cycle of operation on a physical article and uses a resource that passes through the filter assembly. The filter assembly includes at least one replaceable filter mounted in a filter holder. The filter holder has at least one control board having software architecture configured for communication on a network including other control boards or clients. The control board has at least one functionality of a universe of functionalities, and the functionality has a unique identifier, where the unique identifier can be communicated by the software architecture over the network. The filter assembly has at least one node in communication with the network, so that the filter assembly can monitor and record events, communicate, or affect the cycle of operation of the appliance.

Abstract: An extracorporeal blood processing system comprises a plastic molded compact manifold that supports a plurality of molded blood and dialysate fluidic pathways along with a plurality of relevant sensors, valves and pumps. A disposable dialyzer is connected to the molded manifold to complete the blood circuit of the system. The compact manifold is also disposable in one embodiment and can be detachably installed in the dialysis machine. Two-way valves in the manifold are used to direct the dialysate flow to the dialyzer in hemodialysis mode of operation and to bypass the dialyzer to direct the flow of infusion grade dialysate directly to the patient in hemofiltration mode of operation.

Abstract: A head for a water filter system having a filter element including a three-way valve member movable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. When the valve member is in the first position, incoming water is directed to the filter element to remove sediment and impurities from the water. When the valve member is in the second position, the incoming water is blocked from passing through the filter element and the valve member. Lastly, when the valve member is in the third position, the incoming water passes through the valve member and not the filter element so that the filter element can be removed and replaced without interrupting the incoming water flow.

Abstract: An evacuation system includes at least one fluid intake, at least one fluid outlet, at least one operational component such as an evacuation motor, and a first read/write device such as an RFID tag for transmitting, receiving, or storing information. The evacuation system also includes a filter having a second read/write device for transmitting information to the first read/write device. A microcontroller, which is in functional communication with the first read/write device and the operational component, interprets the information received by said first read/write device and controls the operational component based on said interpreted information.

Abstract: A density centrifuge blood processing system with automatic two-dimensional optical control of fluid separation by observing fluid characteristics in observation regions. The location of the regions is determined by monitoring an optical reference. Points representing edges of an optical reference are measured and lines are computed through the points. An error measurement is calculated for each line. If the error is too large, the image is abandoned. One of the lines is selected as a referent line. A new line is calculated orthogonal to the referent line. The error function is again computed for the dependant line. If the error exceeds a selected maximum, the frame is discarded. A transformation function translates data points from an (r, s) domain derived from measurements of the edges into an (x, y) domain used to identify pixels in the observation areas.

Abstract: A filter assembly for filtering water from an external source, the filter assembly having a manifold assembly and a filter cartridge. The filter cartridge includes a cartridge engagement means while the manifold includes a manifold engagement means. The cartridge engagement means and manifold engagement means cooperatively interfacing for removable attachment of the filter cartridge to the manifold assembly. The cartridge engagement means and manifold engagement means oriented in a retaining relation during removal of the cartridge filter from the manifold assembly such that any entrained pressure within the cartridge filter is vented while the cartridge engagement means and manifold engagement means are in the retaining relation.