Abstract: A mask film includes a base material, a parting layer and a non-parting portion placed on the base material. Accordingly, an optimum adhesion strength of the mask film and a prepreg sheet can be maintained, and peeling between the mask film and prepreg sheet can be prevented. Further, by preventing the fusing adhesion between the mask film and prepreg sheet due to heat generated when forming penetration holes, a circuit board having an excellent quality is obtained.

Abstract: A railcar cushioning device includes an elastomeric spring and a hydraulic shock absorber member. The fluid accumulator is located outside of and above the fluid chambers. The accumulator is in communication with the fluid chamber in a non-stroked position, causing entrapped air to be displaced by the fluid, into the accumulator. Free of air, the shock absorber immediately responds to impact forces. The elastomeric spring reduces peak impact forces and returns the piston of the shock absorber to its non-stroked position. The elastomeric spring also absorbs draft forces.

Abstract: A railcar cushioning device includes an elastomeric spring and a hydraulic shock absorber member. The fluid accumulator is located outside of and above the fluid chambers. The accumulator is in communication with the fluid chamber in a non-stroked position, causing entrapped air to be displaced by the fluid, into the accumulator. Free of air, the shock absorber immediately responds to impact forces. The elastomeric spring reduces peak impact forces and returns the piston of the shock absorber to its non-stroked position. The elastomeric spring also absorbs draft forces.

Abstract: A fixed sill includes a pair of lower, outwardly extending fixed sill flanges. A generally vertical longitudinally extending support plate is integrally connected to each fixed sill flange on each side of the fixed sill. A sliding sill support is rigidly connected to each support plate. The sliding sill support includes a horizontal inwardly extending portion that also extends longitudinally inboard. The sliding sill support is located slightly below the fixed sill flange. A pair of low friction wear plates are adopted to be slipped in place upon each sliding sill support. The low friction wear plates include horizontal body portions on each side of the fixed sill upon which the sliding sill rides in moving back and forth. Each wear plate includes "U" shaped end portions which wrap around in the inner and outer ends of the sliding sill support.