Abstract: A food warmer is provided which includes a food containment vessel or pan having side and bottom walls and a mouth at the top opening upwardly. A hollow well or sump vessel is provided around the food containment vessel. The sump vessel has bottom and side walls that enclose the sides and bottom of the food containment vessel, and is adapted to hold liquid, specifically water, as a heat transfer medium. An electric heating element is provided in the sump vessel between the walls of the sump vessel and the containment vessel for heating the food when energized. The sump vessel is preferably spaced from the food containment vessel to define a chamber between them. The electric heating element is positioned in the chamber, preferably at a location spaced apart from the food containment vessel to heat the food containment vessel by means of radiant and convection heating and by conduction when the sump vessel is filled with water.

Abstract: A warming bowl for electrically heating lavage and irrigation liquid for use during medical-surgical procedures includes an electric heating device and an automatic thermostatic control to heat and maintain the liquid at a substantially constant temperature. The warming bowl is disposable after use and has an inner and an outer bowl sealed to one another so as to provide an internal sealed region therebetween for holding a battery to power the electric heating device. The inner bowl serves to hold irrigation liquid and supports therein a housing made of low-thermal-conductivity material that houses the electric heating device and the thermostatic control in spaced, substantially thermally isolated relation from one another. A metallic thermal shunt conductor is disposed along and in contact with a portion of the external periphery of the housing and extends over and across the space between the heating device and the thermostatic control.

Abstract: A precooked-food warmer for baby and diet food which is contained in an openable, rigid container comprises a housing that can be fixed to the container and in which is located an electrical heating unit. The unit is equipped with connectors such that energy is supplied to the unit and with a heat-conducting means to transfer heat from the heating unit to liquid or semi-liquid food in the container. A transfer member of a rigid heat-conducting material that is immersible in the food and is detachable from the heating unit is also provided. Preferably, the transfer member defines at least one sword-like section of large surface area that is immersible in the food.

Abstract: A chafing dish has a constantly energized, lift out immersion heater. The heater has a heat loop configured to permit concurrent use of flame from cans of fuel without the flame damaging the heater. The heat loop is positioned in a water pan. Cool arms project upwardly through notches in a food pan and lid in one embodiment and the water pan in another embodiment. In a method of operating a chafing dish predetermined amounts of water are supplied and the water is caused to function as a thermostat.

Abstract: A boiling water dispenser includes a hot water reservoir, a user-actuated faucet for drawing boiling water from a discharge zone at the top of the reservoir, and a solenoid-actuated valve for admitting unheated water to an inlet zone at the bottom of the reservoir. An electric resistance heating element within the reservoir is supplied with AC current through a series- connected bilateral switch device which is periodically switched on and off in response to the sensing of steam in a reservoir venting conduit to maintain the dispensing temperature at the boiling point. An indicator lamp conditioned by a sensor in the reservoir confirms to the user that the dispensing temperature is at the boiling point.

Abstract: An immersion heater (1) for use in a chemically corrosive environment. An electrically conductive heating element (7) is immersible in the environment (C) and is capable of a watt-density of at least 30 watts per square inch when current flows through the element. A metallic sheath (9) covers the heating element. A coating (11) is applied over the sheath. The coating is capable of maintaining its coating properties not only when the heater is immersed in the environment, but also when the watt-density of the heating element exceeds 30 watts per square inch, and the temperature of the environment exceeds the boiling point of water.

Abstract: An automatic electric kettle of improved design comprises a water vessel (1) closed by a lid (2), an electric heating resistor (3) fixed on the bottom wall (4) of the vessel, and a steam flow duct (14) which extends to the full height of the vessel. The lower end of the duct has its opening opposite to the temperature-sensitive element (15) of the temperature limiter (12).

Abstract: An electric cartridge heater for use as an immersion heater in a steam table tank has a tubular elongate stainless steel sheath with a curved inner surface attached to a riser tube adapted to be connected to a wall of the tank and contains an electric heater element. A copper heat transfer member having an enlarged, curved surface complementary to the inner surface of the sheath is urged into close, intimate thermal contact therewith and transfers heat from the sheath to a bimetal thermostat for turning off the heater element in response to a rise in temperature of the sheath above a predetermined level.

Abstract: An arrangement including an appliance and an optional support. The electrical appliance has a vessel; an electrical device is mounted centrally on the bottom of the vessel together with an electrical control so as to be protected in a hollow base below the bottom. Mechanical actuator mechanism extends from the base to a position convenient for manual actuation. The base may be stood on the support so that electrical terminal pins engage in electrical supply sockets in the support, and the support may incorporate a supply switch to isolate the sockets when the appliance is lifted.

Abstract: A thermostatically controlled electric immersion heating element for heating fluid contained in a dishwasher having a vertical wall includes an elongated heating element of flattened configuration in transverse cross section having opposing generally parallel wide faces and opposite narrow side edges connecting the faces. The heating element is mounted in cantilever fashion from the vertical wall by a mounting flange in an operating position in which a reach of the heating element extends a maximum distance from the flange with the wide faces disposed in vertical planes. A tubular housing is secured in continuous heat transfer contact with substantially the entire length of the upper side edge of the heating element reach and contains a temperature sensing element for controlling the operation of the heating element in response to the temperature of the heating element.

Abstract: In an electric kettle which includes a water-heating vessel (1) and a supporting base-plate (14) connected to the power supply system by a flexible cord, it is no longer necessary to disconnect the supply cord before removing the vessel from its base-plate. The user simply pulls a trigger (20) housed within the kettle handle (21), thereby releasing electric coupling elements (16, 17 ; 18, 19) which connect the base-plate to the vessel.

Abstract: An element protector unit for an electrically heated water boiling vessel comprises primary and secondary bimetals responsive to the element head temperature and each arranged for actuating a respective one of primary and secondary switching contacts connected in the line and neutral sides of the element supply via respective push rods. The secondary bimetal and associated switch contacts provide back-up protection in the event of failure of the primary protection on account for example of welding of the primary switch contacts. The primary and secondary bimetals are partially overlapped in the element protector unit for correspondingly reducing the combined area they present to the element head, and the element head plate is provided with a double-dimple formation having a first portion adapted to nest with one of the two overlapped bimetals and a second portion adapted to nest with the other bimetal.

Abstract: An electric steam humidifier consists of a container defining an operating volume for holding a sufficient amount of water to provide steam for eight hours or more and, disposed within the container, a heating element for heating the water to generate steam. The container includes a base segment defining a portion only of the operating volume, and an upper segment defining another portion of the operating volume and further defining an aperture for escape of steam from the volume. The base segment and the upper segment are joined in a water-tight seal. The upper segment, in a first, operating position, extends vertically away from the base segment, to define with the base segment the operating volume. The humidifier, with the upper segment in a second, storage position relatively closer to the rigid base segment, defines and occupies a significantly reduced volume to facilitate storage and transport.

Abstract: A liquid heating apparatus comprises a container or vessel having disposed therein a tubular heater member which is bent in a double loop configuraton with a raised central portion thereof being welded or soldered in a strip configuration, having low thermal conductivity, that substantially bridges mutually spaced ends of such tubular heater member which are attached to a mounting plate supported by the container. A thermally actuated cut-out switch bears against the plate from the outside of the container and is adapted to respond in a sensitive fashion to heat transfer from the adjacent central portion of the tubular heater member in the event of thermal overloading or running dry of the tubular heater member.

Abstract: An electrical cooking apparatus for cooking natural substances such as rice, herbs, soups, and the like, the cooking device being divided into a lower cooking chamber and an upper cooling chamber, which includes a cooking container disposed within the lower cooking chamber, a valve member providing communication between the upper cooling chamber and the lower cooking container whereby the cooking steam rising from the cooking container and introduced through the valve member into the cooling chamber is condensed and returned as a liquid to the cooking container, a downwardly inclined baffle member disposed beneath the valve member for interrupting the flow of condensed liquid through the valve member and directing it to the side walls of the cooking chamber, and a heating member for the cooking apparatus.

Abstract: The french fry food vending machine has a plurality of frozen foodstuff holding compartments in a refrigeration chamber. A metered dispensing rotatable wheel is positioned below the outlet of each holding compartment to, upon activation, dispense a metered quantity of frozen food stuff to a cooking chamber, preferably by the delivery of the foodstuff to a conveyer position beneath a line of metered dispensing rotatable wheels. An oil circulating, filtering, heating and replenishment system is provided to service a deep frying tank with a quantity of Purified hot oil into which frozen food stuff is emerged for a predetermined period of time for cooking.

Abstract: An improved copper sheathed heating element for installation in appliances, such as electric kettles, includes a minor amount of a silicone water-proofing agent admixed with magnesium oxide filler agent prior to the element being annealed. Annealing of the element is carried out at a reduced annealing temperature over an extended duration in order to limit thermal degradation of the additive during the annealing process. The resulting element achieves sufficient ductility for purposes of formation as a kettle heating element, while the insulation value of the element over an extended shelf life is maintained without significant degradation. Preferably, the silicone agent comprises polydimethylsiloxane and is present in the range 0.1 to 0.15 percent by weight.

Abstract: A vacuum bottle of the electric heater type includes a body having a tubular outer shell and a tubular inner shell disposed within the outer shell to form a hermetically sealed thermal insulation vacuum space therebetween. A tubular connecting member has an open lower end and an upper end wall having an aperture formed therethrough. The upper end wall of the connecting member is fixedly hermetically secured to a lower surface of a bottom wall of the inner shell with the apertures therein in communication, and the tubular connecting member is fitted in an aperture of a bottom wall of the outer shell and fixedly hermetically secured thereto adjacent to the open lower end thereof to hold the bottom walls of the inner and outer shells in spaced sealed relation to each other. An electric heater is mounted within the inner shell for heating contents of the inner shell.

Abstract: A apparatus for maintaining precooked food at a desired temperature includes a stationary hollow housing mounted in the bottom part of a warmer for holding a quantity of food. The housing defines a cylindrical passage having an entrance through a wall of the warmer. A removable cylindrical member containing an electric resistance heater is inserted into the passage and is freely rotatable therein. A locking mechanism including a lug secured to a hub at the entrance of the housing and insertable into a circular guideway of a rotor attached to the outer end of the sleeve through a slot in the rotor secures the sleeve within the passage.

Abstract: An electric kettle heated by a thermostatically controlled electric heating element includes a conduit for ducting steam produced by boiling water in the kettle to a steam chamber adjacent the thermostatic switch on the kettle for cutting power to the heating element upon sensing steam temperature. A steam exit from the steam chamber is located under the kettle and is spanned by a metal cap external to the exit and supporting a porous, absorbent filter pad through which the exiting steam must pass. The filter pad acts to condense and absorb the exiting steam so that no steam is observed from the bottom of the kettle and the accumulation of condensate on the surface supporting the kettle is minimized or eliminated.

Abstract: An electric water heating receptacle is provided with an anode member and a cathode member arranged in spaced juxtaposed relationship and connected to an electric power source such that water in the receptacle is heated by current flowing through the water from the anode member to the cathode member. The anode member has separate major and minor portions which are initially both connected to the power source in a "high mode" of operation to rapidly heat the water in the receptacle to a predetermined temperature. Upon attainment of the predetermined temperature, a thermostat responsive to the water temperature disconnects the major portion of the anode leaving only the minor portion energized in a "low mode" of operation intended to maintain the water substantially at the predetermined temperature. Should the water temperature drop below the predetermined temperature, the thermostat reconnects the major anode portion for operation in the "high mode" to reestablish the predetermined water temperature.

Abstract: A thermally-sensitive electrical control is mounted to the head of an electric immersion heater of an electric kettle or like container. The control has an outer periphery of less radial extent than the head so as to be passable, during assembly, through an opening in the wall of the associated container such that the head may be positioned in the opening with the control mounted thereto by insertion of the control through the opening from inside the container. The control includes an electric switch and a snap-action, overheat sensing bimetallic actuator disposed on the side of a body portion of the control which faces the head when the control is mounted thereto and a snap-action steam responsive bimetallic actuator mounted to the opposite side of the body portion. The switch is operated by the bimetallic actuators through an over-center mechanism disposed on the opposite side of the body portion and connected to the switch by a U-shaped link slidbly mounted in the body portion.

Abstract: A water heater (10 or 70) for a stock watering tank includes a first (20 or 72) housing portion of molded aluminum, and a second (62 or 94) housing portion of plastic. An electric heating element (12 or 74) is molded into the first housing portion. One of the housing portions includes a cavity (36 or 99). A thermostatically controlled switch (50) is inserted into the cavity and is bonded to the first housing portion.

Abstract: A single cup electric heating device for heating a cup of tea, coffee or the like includes a generally vertically oriented mounting support having a flat rear surface adapted to be mounted on the wall of a motel room, hotel room or the like. The mounting support has a horizontal cup holder at its lower end for supporting the cup to be heated. Cooperating guides on the cover and sides of the mounting support slidably guide the cover for shifting movement between a raised position permitting a cup to be placed on the cup holder and a lowered position covering a cup so placed. An electric immersion heating element carried by the cover is immersed in the contents of the cup when the cover is in the lowered position and is energized by cooperating electrical contacts on the cover and mounting support which engage in the lowered cover position. An electromagnetic retaining mechanism simultaneously energized with the heating element retains the cover in its lowered position.

Abstract: An electric kettle having an unrestricted spout opening is provided with an electric heating element controlled by a thermostatic simmer control or boil cutout, the thermostatic element of which is located exteriorly of the kettle body above the top thereof and adjacent to the spout opening. A steam diverter scoop extends into the spout opening to intercept the uppermost portion of the live steam flowing toward the spout opening and diverts it into heating relation with the thermostatic element to provide rapid heating thereof upon commencement of active boiling in the kettle. The thermostatic element is housed within the forepart of the kettle handle, which also serves to conceal the wires connecting the thermostatic element to the heating element and other electrical components located in the bottom of the kettle. The diverter includes a shield portion in radiation shielding relation to the thermostatic element to limit radiation of heat to the element from the kettle body.

Abstract: An electric immersion heating element dry switch-on or boil dry protector unit for an electrically heated water boiling vessel comprises primary and secondary bimetals (31,32) responsive to the heating element head temperature and each arranged for actuating a respective one of primary and secondary switching contacts (11,12) connected in the line and neutral sides of the heating element supply via respective push rods (38,44). The secondary bimetal (32) is arranged to break later than the primary bimetal (31) in a dry switch-on or boil dry situation giving rise to excessive element temperatures, and to reset before the primary in a reducing temperature situation. The secondary bimetal (32) and associated switch contacts (12) provide back-up protection in the event of failure of the primary protection on account for example of welding of the primary switch contacts (11).

Abstract: The immersion heater for an appliance includes a mounting plate, a metal sheathed electrical resistance heating element having two end portions which extend through and which are secured to the mounting plate, and a single fastening device for fixing the mounting plate to the body shell of the appliance. The fastening device comprises a threaded heat conductive stud secured to the mounting plate and a nut having a complementary thread. A raised part of the active portion of the heating element is directly secured to and only to the stud, such as by brazing. A bimetallic element is fixed directly to the stud on the outside of the body shell. The stud provides a heat conductive path between the heating element and the bimetallic element. The bimetallic element bends when the appliance is energized `dry` or when the liquid has boiled down to the element and pushes a dolly overcenter to open a pair of contacts and de-energize the heating element.

Abstract: An elongated temperature-sensing probe is positioned in a deep fat cooking vessel and is positioned so that a portion of the probe extends adjacent the electric heater submerged in the deep fat adjacent the bottom of the vessel, and a portion extends upward in the fat into the cooking zone in the vessel. The temperature-sensing probe is connected to control the power to the heater. The heater is thermally connected to the probe so that the probe receives direct conduction heat from the heater as well as senses the heat adjacent the heater and in the cooking zone.

Abstract: A compact self-contained travel kit for brewing a beverage, such as tea, coffee, or the like, includes an open top container which is adapted to receive a small quantity of water to be heated by means of an electric heater element contained in the bottom of the container. A removable insert assembly is received within the container through the open top and provides upwardly open storage compartments for containing the ingredients for making tea or coffee, such as sugar, powdered cream material, coffee, tea or the like, which compartments are closable by lids so that either individual packets or bulk material may be stored. The insert includes a downwardly depending semi-conical portion which is proportioned and adapted to be telescopically received in the uppermost one of a pair of nested drinking cups storable within the container. The nested drinking cups are thus retained in place in a compact manner and are accessible by removal of the insert from the container.

Abstract: A microprocessor controlled hydrocolloid conditioner comprising a frame, a bath tank separably supported by said frame for containing water heated to a pre-determined temperature useful in the conditioning of hydrocolloid material, heating means comprising a power supply and a heating element disposed within the bath, and a microprocessor interfaced with a triac control circuit for turning on and off the heating means responsive to command from the microprocessor such that boiling cycles are automatically commenced and terminated, holding and tempering baths are readily set and the dentist is signalled the status and readiness of hydrocolloid at all times in each of multiple function bath tanks.

Abstract: The electric heater herein disclosed is particularly adapted to heat a fluid and to provide a broad, substantially flat heater surface exposed to the fluid to be heated. The heating element is well adapted for deep fat frying use in that it is of high voltage and is economical to manufacture. The invention makes use of standard elongated, tubular, metal-sheathed heaters which are produced in large quantities for a multitude of uses. Such elements are slid into a metal tube of selected diameter and wall thickness, and the assembly is flat-pressed in appropriate sections with the ends round for termination with such fittings as are required. The assembly may then be bent to produce a desired configuration.

Abstract: A switch unit for an electric kettle or other heating apparatus which is easy to assemble and repair. The switch unit includes a steam responsive mechanism 18 which is mounted on a body 80 which is in turn mounted by an adjustable clamp 31, 35 on a head part 32 of an immersion heater 12 so that the steam responsive mechanism can be moved relative to the immersion heater 12 for alignment with a handle 11 and steam vent 33. The switch unit includes a second assembly 16 which is mounted in a socket in the heating element 12 independently of the first assembly. In a preferred embodiment the first assembly and the cover 15 are designed to allow the second assembly including the switch contacts and electrical connections to be removed from the kettle without disturbing the steam responsive meachanism 18 or the cover 15.

Abstract: Deep fat fryer system of cabinet with plurality of separate fryers having oil supply conduits and drain means including selectively operable drain valves and extra large snap-out manifold, and a portable filter unit having motor driven pump mounted thereon with quick-connector to supply conduits, auxiliary support rollers on filter unit, and tracks in cabinet for receiving filter unit rollers to insure accurate alignment and connection of quick-connector; filter unit being employable with other fryers and for melting fat and transferring hot oil to any selected point of use.

Abstract: An electro-heater container comprising a cup having a bottom and including a stem type support pedestal formed as a unit with the cup, the bottom having a center aperture therein extending through said support pedestal, and an electric heater unit is secured to the bottom by a member extending through the stem and a base disc of the support pedestal for heating contents of the container.

Abstract: This invention relates to a spacer clip for an injection molding electric heating element. A number of clips, each formed of a continuous band, are slipped over one end of the heating element and slid along to predetermined positions. Each clip is then crimped to the heating element in that position which forms a finger which extends radially from the heating element in a predetermined orientation. The heating element with the spacer clips attached is located in a suitable mold for casting and the fingers of the clips locate each coil of the element with sufficient clearance from the mold and the other coils. The thickness of the conductive heater cast around the heating element is important to provide uniform heat transfer. The spacer clips are formed of a material such as stainless steel which has sufficient pliability to be securely crimped to the heating element, but sufficient strength to reliably retain the heating element in position.

Abstract: The appliance, e.g. an electric kettle has a body shell, a heating element within the body shell and having two ends which project through the body shell to the outside thereof, and a switch housing mounted on the outside of the body shell. A pair of switching contacts are opened and closed by a switch operating member or dolly. One of the switching contacts is movable by the dolly and is supported relative to the housing. The other switching contact is a fixed contact and is provided at one end of the heating element.

Abstract: The appliance, e.g. an electric kettle, has a body shell, a heating element within the body shell and a switch housing mounted on the outside of the body shell. A switch operating member or dolly is supported relative to the switch housing and is operable to open and close a pair of switching contacts for interrupting and making respectively an electrically conductive path, which includes the heating element, between a pair of terminal pins. The dolly can rock about a pivot between two positions and is urged against the pivot by a leaf spring acting between the dolly and a support. The housing includes the pivot and the support and is formed as an integral plastics moulding.

Abstract: A basin for simultaneous or consecutive dewaxing and curing of denture molds is disclosed. The basin is generally box-shaped and is provided with three vertically-shaped trays of which the topmost remains above the high fluid level. The upper rear portion of the basin has a pivotally-secured frame-arm provided with a plurality of nozzles adapted to spray over the entire area of the topmost tray. The fluid from the nozzles drains back into the basin; a recirculating pump recirculates the fluid back into the nozzles. A separate fluid inlet is provided to fill the basin for curing. The basin is further provided with an upper and lower fluid level-limiting means, a heating element, a thermostat and, preferably, an automatic timer.

Abstract: An electric kettle comprises a bowl closable by a lid. An electric element is connected to the lid and is thereby suspended within the bowl. A spout is provided for pouring and through which the bowl can be filled with water. Means are also provided for the connection of the element to an electricity supply.

Abstract: An assembly for preparing and bottling liquid infant's formula, which assembly includes a steam basin having a water reservoir, and a heating element in the reservoir for boiling the water to yield steam, a graduated measuring pitcher invertible over and adapted for support upon the steam basin; and sterilization racks removably supported on the steam basin and dimensioned for containment within the measuring pitcher.

Abstract: An electric kettle having a metal sheathed element 20 permanently mounted on a metal head 22 so as to produce a hot spot 29 and the switching means comprising a dry overload responsive actuating mechanism 14 responsive to overheating of the hot spot to open switch contacts 71, 72 mounted on an electrical insulating mounting 61, which supports a movable thrust member 74 which extends from the contacts through a way within the mounting to a steam responsive actuating mechanism 18 for actuation by the latter, and the mechanisms 14 and 18 are preferably assembled on the mounting 61 to form a pretestable assembly in which the contacts are disposed in a chamber 75 within the assembly.

Abstract: A thermally-responsive electrical control for an electric heater of a water boiling container includes a switch-on-dry protector switch unit electrically connected with the cold leads of the heater and having a thermally sensitive switch means effective, in use, to interrupt the electrical supply to the heater should the element overheat through being switched-on when the container is dry. A removable steam-sensitive unit is mounted on the protector switch unit and includes an overcenter spring mechanism and a thermally-responsive actuator for the mechanism. The actuator of the said steam sensitive unit is arranged to impinged by vapor or steam issuing from the outlet of a passage leading to the interior of the container, and the electrical parts of the control are shielded from such vapor or steam.

Abstract: Frying apparatus including a fry pot and a filter system operable during a cleaning cycle for dislodging food particles which cling to the fry pot and for removing food particles suspended in the cooking oil is disclosed. The filter system includes a shower apparatus which discharges jets of cooking oil along the interior side surfaces of the fry pot to dislodge food particles clinging thereto. The cooking oil is drained into a drain pan, strained through a filter and means are provided for pumping the filtered cooking oil back to the fry pot where it is discharged through the shower apparatus. Food particles are continuously separated from the cooking oil as it is conveyed from the fry pot through the filter into the drain pot. In a preferred embodiment, a control circuit is provided for automatically turning off the fry pot heaters when the cooking oil is drained during the filter cycle.

Abstract: A reservoir for an electric kettle is defined by a dome shaped shell and a planar inner bottom, which are fastened together mechanically having a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber filler located therebetween to act as a seal. The shell is skirted by an inwardly projecting annular lip and has an inwardly projecting annular shoulder parallel with and spaced from the lip. The inner bottom is bounded by a downwardly extending annular flange, the top edge of which abuts the bead and the bottom edge of which engages the lip. The form of the kettle components permits the interior of the shell to be coated between the lip and shoulder with an annular coating of the silicone rubber whereat the inner bottom is readily snapped into position in the shell during assembly of the kettle.

Abstract: Heat-treating apparatus for prolonging the life of a pressure vessel formed of thermally resistant material subject to time-dependent structural changes due to neutron flux includes a heating device positionable within a pressure vessel adjacent to a wall portion thereof which is to be heat-treated; and a mounting support for the heating device including a hollow substantially cylindrical mounting member. Also included is a support for the mounting member by which the latter is insertable into and removable from the pressure vessel through an opening in the pressure vessel. The apparatus additionally includes a device for flooding the interior of the pressure vessel with protective liquid preparatory to inserting and removing the mounting member and the heating device from the pressure vessel, and a device for draining the protective liquid from the interior of the pressure vessel prior to actuation of the heating device for heating the adjacent wall portion.

Abstract: An electric heater for a foundry ladle wherein a frame is equipped with a descending electric heater operated and controlled to preserve the integrity of the electric heater.

Abstract: A coffee brewing device of the percolator type. Fundamentally, the invention comprises a pot for receiving liquid therein and having positioned at the bottom thereof a cylindrical pump member characterized by an essentially flat top and by a tubular pump chamber of greater radial length than the vertical depth of the pump chamber at the top of the pump member. Six to ten uniform holes or orifices of a total area of between about 0.0258 and 0.043 square inches are provided in uniformly spaced relationship about the bottom of the pump assembly. Received within the pump is a dual element fat-topped heater consisting of a core having two heating element wires wrapped thereabout in a parallel spiraling fashion. The flat top of the pump member is spaced from between 1/16" and 1/8" from the flat top of the heater.

Abstract: The top surface of an electrode type vaporizer water container has a water inlet covered by a safety cover having an apertured concave portion through which the terminal pins of the electrodes are exposed. A detachable electric power source connector is insertable into the concave portion for engagement with the terminal pins for supplying power to the electrodes. A stopper pin on the connector cooperates with a stopper projection on the container adjacent the terminal pins to prevent the engagement between the connector and pins unless the cover, which as provided with a stopper pin release means, is properly positioned on the container. The engagement of the connector with the terminal pins locks the safety cover in position on the container making it impossible to remove the cover while the connector is so engaged. The safety cover arrangement prevents the supply of water into the container through the inlet with the electrodes electrically energized.

Abstract: A livestock watering device includes a liquid supply tank having an access opening in its top and an outlet opening in its lower end. A removable lid hermetically closes the access opening and an automatic feed means transfers liquid through the outlet opening to a collecting vessel arranged therebeneath in response to liquid consumption from the vessel. An electric heating element is attached to the lid and extends into the tank and is immersed in the liquid therein. The heating element comprises a resistance heating foil inserted between two concentric tubes sealably connected together to electrically isolate the foil from the liquid in the tank. The tubes define a tubular structure having a first open end removably secured to the lid and a second open end spaced above the bottom of the tank whereby the liquid in the tank is heated by contact with the inner and outer surfaces of the tubular structure.

Abstract: A safety device for an electrode-type steam vaporizer having an electrode assembly enclosed in a protective housing allows access to the electrodes for cleaning or adjustment only when a key, preferably the electric plug for the vaporizer, is inserted through an opening in the protective housing to release an interlock mechanism normally precluding removal of the protective housing from the electrode assembly. When the protective housing is removed, the key is automatically locked in the opening in the protective housing by a spring-biased lock pin and cannot be removed until the electrode assembly is again repositioned in the housing with the electrode assembly and housing properly assembled relative to each other. The safety device can be used in other electrical appliances, such as a toaster, that have electrical elements enclosed in a protective housing.