Abstract: An insulator has been invented for use between adjacent portions of wire coils of a helical heater wire, the insulator, in one aspect, having a body member with a front, a rear, a first side, a second side, a top, and a bottom, a first groove formed in the front of the body member and extending from the first side to the second side, the first groove for receiving and holding a first portion of a first wire coil. In certain aspects the insulator also has a second groove formed in the rear of the body member spaced apart from the opposite the first groove, the second groove extending from the first side to the second side, the second groove for receiving and holding a portion of a second wire coil adjacent to and spaced apart from the first wire coil. In one aspect the first and second grooves are at a top of the body member and another pair of such grooves are at the bottom of the body member. A heater element has been invented with such an insulator and a heater has been developed with such a heater element.

Abstract: A heating plug has a shroud containing a heating resistance of spiral form. The base of the shroud has engagement lugs for contact with the outer end of the resistance.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a positive temperature coefficient heater. A pair of electrical conductors are connected to a positive temperature coefficient body at respective locations. A dielectric material is attached to the body between the conductors and prevents electrical arcing around the body between the conductors.

Abstract: The present invention relates a ceramic igniter comprising:a) a pair of electrically conductive portions, each portion having a first end,b) a hot zone disposed between and in electrical connection with each of the first ends of the electrically conductive portions, the hot zone having an electrical path length of less than 0.5 cm, andc) an electrically non-conductive heat sink material contacting the hot zone.

Abstract: The temperature adjustable coating and medium and method for providing an electrically-resistant temperature-adjustable article and structure. The coating provides a continuous electrically-conductive electrically-resistive path for the application of electrical current to the coating. The electrically-resistant temperature-adjustable article consists of a surface on which a high-temperature conductive-resistive coating is bound. The surface temperature of the article along the path is thereby adjustable between ambient and 2000.degree. F. in response to electric current applied to it without oxidization destroying the electrical conductivity of the medium in temperatures above 600.degree. F. The medium possesses the high-temperature conductive-resistive quality of the coating while maintaining a clay consistency capable of being formed into various shapes without a substrate.

Abstract: A flexible electric heater may be formed from multiple congruent planar layers secured to one another to form a laminate in a variety of configurations. A junction box is adhered to the planar layers over an opening in an outer layer. An adhesive catchment area in the laminate is filled with adhesive, and the adhesive extends into the junction box where it fills a second adhesive catchment area. The mass of continuous adhesive thus formed seals and bonds the junction box to the flexible planar layers. Conductors from the electrical heater pass through the adhesive and may be strain relieved.

Abstract: A glass heating system includes a low emissivity sheet of coated glass and a capacitor for capacitive coupling the coated glass to a power source. The low emissivity glass is economical to produce and provides superior thermal properties. The low emissivity glass has a low sheet resistance and is coupled to one or more capacitors to increase the impedance of the circuit and reduce the power dissipation by the coated glass. The exact amount of power to be delivered to the coated glass can be varied by changing the capacitor. The low emissivity glass has improved thermal characteristics for use in insulating glass doors for freezers and refrigerators. In a two-paned insulating glass door, the capacitor can be conveniently mounted in the frame of the door or in the space between the two panes.

Abstract: An electrical heating device to prevent freezing of water within an ice fishing hole which includes a sleeve, an electrical resistance heater and a pair of electrical leads. The sleeve substantially forms a circle with an inner and an outer surface. The outer surface contacts the ice at the periphery of the ice fishing hole with sufficient outward pressure to suspend the heating device within the ice fishing hole. The electrical resistance heater is mounted to the inner surface of the sleeve and includes an electrical resistance heating element (or elements) enclosed within a waterproof jacket. The waterproof jacket forms a substantially circular base which is connected around the inner surface of the sleeve. The pair of electrical leads extend from the electrical resistance heater and connect the electrical resistance heater to a battery.

Abstract: A cylindrical rubber handgrip body to be connected to a handle bar pipe of, for example, a motor cycle, has a sheet-like heater embedded therein, and a power supply cord soldered to the heater and extending out of a side face of the grip body. The power supply cord extends inside the handgrip body along the circumference thereof over at least half a turn. A cord support of a high stiffness is provided in a cord exit portion of the handgrip body, for bearing the pulling force that acts on the power supply cord. Both the cord support and the handgrip body bear the pulling force that acts on the power supply cord and reduce the pulling force that is transmitted by the cord to the soldered connection to the heater.

Abstract: A Deglor furnace includes heating elements each having a heater rod being surrounded by a protective tube. The protective tube is mounted on a ceiling of the Deglor furnace and is run through an opening in the ceiling into the interior of the Deglor furnace. Heat insulation of the ceiling which borders the opening is protected against corrosive gases from the interior by a shield.

Abstract: A heating structure for use in an appliance, the heating structure being a sandwich structure composed of two rigid elements constituting external elements of the sandwich structure, with at least one of the rigid elements being a heating plate; a heating unit composed of an electrical resistance component disposed between the rigid elements for producing heat which is diffused through the rigid elements, and electrical insulation material covering the electrical resistance component; and bonding layers securing the heating unit to the rigid elements. The heating unit further includes a primary layer of thermoplastic resin material into which the electrical resistance component is inserted, the electrical insulation material is composed of first and second layers of electrical insulation material which enclose the electrical resistance component, and the primary layer of thermoplastic resin material adheres to the layers of electrical insulation material.

Abstract: A ceramic igniter comprising:a) a pair of electrically conductive portions, each portion having a first end,b) a hot zone disposed between and in electrical connection with each of the first ends of the electrically conductive portions, the hot zone having an electrical path length of less than 0.5 cm, andc) an electrically non-conductive heat sink material contacting the hot zone.

Abstract: A heating structure in the form of a sandwich is composed of first and second external elements, each having a face which is directed toward the other element, with the first external element constituting a heating plate, and the heating structure further including a heating unit interposed between the first and second external elements. The heating unit includes at least one substantially flat resistive heat generating element; a first layer of thermoplastic resin in which the heat generating element is embedded; an upper electrical insulating sheet and a lower electrical insulating sheet between which the resistive heat generating element and the first layer of thermoplastic resin are interposed to form a sandwich structure, with the first layer of thermoplastic resin adhering to each of the electrical insulating sheets; and at least one second layer of thermoplastic resin contacting one of the external elements and adhering the one of the external elements to the heating unit.

Abstract: For producing an electric radiant heater a thin heating resistance material strip is placed upright on an insulator. It has foot portions, which are embedded in the heating conductor material. The foot portions are only connected by thin connecting webs to the heating area and are differently shaped and/or oriented to the corrugated heating conductor strip.

Abstract: A transparent heating plate and transparent heating device for examination of specimens under a microscope can heat the entire transparent conductive film between electrodes of the transparent heating plate with a small difference in temperature. The transparent heating plate can also heat the vicinity of the center of the transparent heating plate used for examination at substantially a uniform temperature regardless of the shape of the transparent heating plate or the structure of the transparent heating plate. The transparent heating plate may also prevent electromagnetic waves generated from the transparent heating plate from flowing into objects put on the outer side of the transparent heating plate. A further embodiment of a transparent heating plate prevents scattering of broken pieces of glass should the transparent heating plate break.

Abstract: A Deglor furnace includes a ceiling and at least one heating module integrated into the ceiling for heating. The heating module has an electric heater.

Abstract: A heating element has a flat, flexible strip of electrically insulating material around which is wound a conductor wire. A layer of fixing varnish covers the turns of the conductor wire and the flat strip. Two clips attached to the ends of the strip provide electrical contact with the conductor wire and serve to attach two electricity connection cables. The heating element can be bent without this affecting its ohm value since the fixing varnish prevents the turns of the conductor wire from moving when the strip is being bent.

Abstract: A heating windshield wiper shroud system which is designed to be installed in combination with a conventional motorized vehicle windshield wiper assembly having an electrically activated windshield wiper rocker arm and a windshield wiper blade and supporting frame. The wiper shroud system utilizes a shroud housing with a roof portion along a longitudinal axis having a middle section with a first vertically and transversely designed upper width portion and a second vertically and transversely designed lower width portion which has a differentially wider transverse width dimension than the first upper width portion. The second lower width has a shelf portion which has a perimeter generally between and coextensive with the outside vertical edge of the first upper width and the outer edge of the second lower width portion.

Abstract: An expandable band heater having multiple heater segments wherein a jumper type arrangement is utilized between heater segments to reduce the number of sets of lead wires or other termination configuration for providing power to each of the heater segments.

Abstract: An apparatus for sealing the end of an elongate cable such as an electrical heating cable which comprises a clip-shaped insert positioned within a tubular-shaped housing. Gripping members and pre-gripping members project from the interior surfaces of the arms of the insert and act to grip a cable when it is inserted into the device. A locking mechanism on the insert engages locking teeth on the housing and serves to hold the insert in position. A conformable gel component may be present. The apparatus provides high pullout force, as well as environmental sealing, for cables such as electrical heating cables or power cables.

Abstract: A natural or LP gas-fired laminated griddle top structure providing an even distribution of heat over its cooking surface is disclosed. The griddle top includes an upper plate formed from a relatively thick iron or steel plate and a plurality of relatively thick lower plates formed from a dissimilar material having a high thermal conductivity. A thermal break is provided between adjacent lower plates and each lower plate has a channel provided therein for the receipt of a temperature sensing device. In addition, laterally extending grooves are provided in the bottom surface of the lower plates increasing the resulting heat transfer surface improving the thermal efficiency of the griddle top. One or more natural or LP gas-fired burners and associated controls are provided adjacent each lower plate permitting the entire cooking surface to be maintained at the same temperature or portions thereof to be maintained at different temperature, if desired.

Abstract: A heating element for a Deglor furnace includes a heating bar being surrounded by a protective tube. The protective tube is provided with a flange for mounting. The flange is formed by a separate ceramic ring or a metal clip and is permanently connected mechanically or chemically to an outer surface of the protective tube.

Abstract: The griddle of this invention includes a temperature adjustment element for adjusting a cooking temperature for a material such as meat and vegetable, a thin plate having a small heat capacity for heating the material, an adiabatic frame for supporting the thin plate with an adiabatic structure, a plurality of heating elements for heating the thin plate, a plurality of temperature sensors for measuring temperatures of a plurality of positions on the thin plate, and a power distribution element for determining power to be distributed to each of the heating elements based on the outputs from the temperature sensors and the cooking temperature.

Abstract: A cartridge heater assembly to be swaged has a sheath with head and slug ends. A resistance heater unit in the sheath includes a flat rectangular core, a resistance wire winding on the core, and first and second core covers, one on each side. Each end of the resistance wire extends from the core through a hole in the adjacent core cover and to the head end of the sheath. Crushable heater unit centralizers at each end of the sheath hold the resistance heater unit. Leads are connected to the ends of the heater wire and the connections are enclosed in the centralizer. A plastic bushing closes the head end of the sheath and a slug closes the slug end of the sheath. The heater assembly is filled with an insulating material and swaged, crushing the centralizers.

Abstract: An electrical heating element for a radiant electric heater takes the form of an elongate electrically conductive strip adapted for edgewise mounting on a base of thermal and electrical insulation material. The strip includes an elongate continuous portion and a discontinuous portion integral, and preferably coplanar, with the continuous portion, the discontinuous portion including a plurality of mounting tabs extending in a direction away from the continuous portion at spaced-apart locations, for securement to or in the base. Provided in each tab is at least one aperture such as a hole or slot or slit, so that thermal conduction into the tabs from the continuous portion is reduced or minimized and also variation in electric current density along the continuous portion of the strip is reduced or minimized when the strip is electrically connected for operation in a radiant electric heater.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting a heating element in a channel formed in a heater base is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes a substantially U-shaped tantalum member. The U-shape is characterized by two substantially parallel portions of tantalum that each have an end connected to opposite ends of a base portion of tantalum. The parallel portions are each substantially perpendicular to the base portion and spaced apart a distance not larger than a width of the channel and not smaller than a width of a graphite heating element. The parallel portions each have a hole therein, and the centers of the holes define an axis that is substantially parallel to the base portion. An aluminum oxide ceramic retaining pin extends through the holes in the parallel portions and into a hole in a wall of the channel to retain the U-shaped member in the channel and to support the graphite heating element.

Abstract: A flow heater (11) has a stainless steel tube (1Z), around which is externally placed a polyimide (KAPTON) insulating film (14) with an overlap (15). Under pretension is wound onto the same a metallic resistance material heating tape (17), so that the resulting elasticity reserve, also at operating temperature, ensures a good application of the heating tape to the film. Temperature switching devices for preventing excess temperatures or running dry can be fitted in the overlap area (15).

Abstract: A multi-zone restaurant type of griddle is modularly constructed so that all maintenance may be done at the front of the griddle housing. The griddle plate is only three-eights of an inch thick with heat being spread uniformly by an aluminum plate in intimate contact with the bottom of the griddle plate. A thermocouple temperature sensing element is located at the bottom of a hole in the underside of the griddle plate so that the element is very near the cooking surface and is sensitive to the temperature of the load on the cooking surface, as distinguished from being sensitive to the temperature of the heating element below the griddle plate. With the modular construction, the front access, and light weight, all of the repairable parts of the griddle may be removed and replaced by one man as distinguished from most prior art griddles where two-man service teams were routinely required because they had to lift and invert a very heavy griddle which had a very thick steel griddle plate.

Abstract: The temperature adjustable coating and medium and method for providing an electrically-resistant temperature-adjustable article and structure. The coating provides a continuous electrically-conductive electrically-resistive path for the application of electrical current to the coating. The electrically-resistant temperature-adjustable article consists of a surface on which a high-temperature conductive-resistive coating is bound. The surface temperature of the article along the path is thereby adjustable between ambient and 2000.degree. F. in response to electric current applied to it without oxidization destroying the electrical conductivity of the medium in temperatures above 600.degree. F. The medium possesses the high-temperature conductive-resistive quality of the coating while maintaining a clay consistency capable of being formed into various shapes without a substrate.

Abstract: A rapidly heating curling iron with a handle, a hollow barrel secured to the handle, and a heating element positioned within the barrel, the heating element being an electrical insulating board wound with electrical wire. A pair of heat transmission members are positioned with one on each side of the heating element, but with electrical insulation between the heating element and the heat transmission members. The heat transmission member are shaped and dimensioned such that they fit between the electrical insulation and the inner surface of the barrel and press against a substantial portion of the inner surface, a temperature sensor positioned to sense the temperature of the barrel, and a control circuit allows the heating element to be energized only during one half cycle of supplied AC power, and adjusts the portion of the half cycle which is used in accordance with the sensed temperature.

Abstract: The heat treatment apparatus according to the invention comprising a process tube for holding a plurality of semiconductor wafers, a heating resistive element made mainly of molybdenum silicide and surrounding the process tube, a heat insulating member surrounding the heating resistive element and having a layer which made of material inert to silicon dioxide and faces the surface of the heating resistive element, and a securing member securing the heating resistive element to the heat insulating member, and made of material inert to silicon dioxide.

Abstract: A ceramic high temperature vacuum furnace heating element standoff 10 is provided to hold a portion of an electrical high temperature heating element 62 inside the hot zone of a vacuum furnace. The standoff 10 comprises a heating element holder 18 and an anchoring rod 16. The heating element holder 18 is designed as a single ceramic piece constructed to retain the vacuum furnace heating element. The anchoring rod 16 has a straight end 50 and a hooked end 52. The straight end 50 is inserted into a neck 34 of the heating element holder 18 where the rod is retained by a pin 60. The standoff 10 is held to the vacuum furnace wall 58 by engagement of the hooked end 52 with a transverse pin 86 in a pipe-like member 82 welded to the vacuum furnace wall 58.

Abstract: A vacuum-molded electrical radiant heating unit having a resistance heating coil embedded in a ceramic fiber body is prepared by a process in which a resistance heating coil (5) is placed on a sieve-like tray (1), above a suction box, and a slip is applied thereto composed of ceramic fibres, so that a ceramic fibre layer (4) builds up under the action of suction. Portions of the sieve-tray (1) are closed, in regions beneath the resistance heating coil (5) by means of spacing strips (11). These strips, which cover some of the perforations in the sieve-tray (1), are placed beneath the resistance-heating coil (5), in a manner such that the impervious regions of the sieve tray (1) are narrower than the width dimensions of the heating coil (5).

Abstract: A detachable metallic safety guard for use with a portable electric immersion heater is formed as an endless metallic band defining an open central area for receiving the heating element of the heater with the inner periphery of the band in spaced surrounding relationship to the heating element. The vertical height of the band is greater than the height of the heating element and the band is provided with openings allowing fluid to circulate therethrough. The guard is adapted to be directly attached to the heating element by a pair of clips carried by a diametric crossbar secured at its ends to the band. The band includes at least two tabs extending radially inwardly for providing peripheral support for the heating element. The heater may be a portable floating heater.

Abstract: A radiant heater with partly embedded and otherwise projecting heating coils (16) is produced in that the coils (16) are placed in grooves (14) of a tool or mould (13), the interior of the heating coils is partly filled with a filling material (17) and then the dry, pourable insulating material is pressed thereon. Thus, the filling material forms a counter-die and is removed on taking the compressed insulator (21) out of apparatus (11) in that it drops between the heating coils.

Abstract: A heat processing apparatus comprises a reactor tube in which matters to be processed are housed, a wire-shaped heating unit enclosing the reactor tube, a support device for supporting the heating unit at plural positions, and reinforcing members for reinforcing the support device. The support device includes plurality of holders stacked one upon the others, each of the holders has recesses on those two faces thereof which are contacted with faces of its adjacent ones, and when the holders are stacked one upon the others in a pole, the recesses of the two adjacent holders stacked form a hole through which the heating unit is passed. The support device has support members each supporting a pole of the holders stacked and each of the holders is engaged with its corresponding support member.

Abstract: An electric heating device for heating and deicing the wiper rest zone of a vehicle windshield includes a resistance heating wire of either circular or rectangular cross-section attached to the exterior surface of the windshield along the lower edge thereof and outside the normal range of vision therethrough by means of an electrically non-conductive tape extending lengthwise of the wire. An arcuate or trapezoidal cross-section layer of electrically non-conductive sealant completely covers the tap and wire to provide water tight encapsulation thereof. The adhesive tape may be 4 provided with holes to allow the sealant to penetrate therethrough and form a mechanical interlock between the tape and windshield. The wiper blade is adapted to contact the sealant layer. The device may also be applied to the lower edge of the rear or side windows of a vehicle to melt ice or snow which may accumulate thereat.

Abstract: The heat sealing wire of an impulse heat sealer is held against an operating face of a support bar by an insulating fabric which is draped over the wire and secured in a slot formed in the support bar. The securing drape of fabric allows unrestricted expansion and contraction of the hot wire. Also if the slot lies in a curved plane which extends perpendicular to the plane of the support bar operating face, the drape of insulating fabric and consequently the sealing wire follow the same curve so the heat sealer can make seals of a non-linear configuration.

Abstract: A heater assembly (10) is for installation in a clothes dryer (D). The assembly includes at least one open coil heating element (12), and a plurality of insulators (16) to each of which a convolution of the coil is attachable. The insulators are mounted on a support (22) in a spaced relation from each other. The support is attachable to a multi-sided pan structure (30). The pan has sidewalls (32A, 32B) to which the support is attachable for installing the coil in the pan. The pan has a lip (54) which extends beneath one end (54) of a heating unit (U) section (S2). The pan is directly attachable to the unit and the unit directly installable in the dryer. The heater assembly is also formed to help install the unit in the appliance during its manufacture.

Abstract: An improved heaterboard, and method and apparatus for producing same is disclosed herein. A foil layer is bonded to a paperboard substrate and a circuit path is cut in the foil layer to define a heating circuit. In a preferred method, the circuit is defined by cut scores and short-circuiting across the cut scores is prevented by a reverse scoring operation in which the circuit pattern is scored in the surface of the heaterboard opposite the surface having the foil heating layer thereon. Various heaterboard circuit patterns and an apparatus for forming heaterboards are also disclosed.

Abstract: The improved heating coil support and insulation mechanism of the present invention is intended for use in regard to electrical heating assemblies which include heating coils supported and electrically insulated by means of coil support insulators, and each of which includes an insulator body and coil engagement means attached to the insulator body for engaging the convolutions of the heating coil. In the improvement of the present invention support rods have a locking projection disposed from a longitudinal surface thereof. The insulator body has a pair of support rod apertures extending therethrough, which have a rod support locking projection accommodation slots therein for initially receiving passage therethrough of the locking projection of the support rod.

Abstract: An insulating support for a helical wire heating coil for an electric resistance heating element includes a coil supporting notch into which a single helical coil turn is inserted and locked into position without twisting the coil and without unduly stretching the coil in an axial direction. The supporting notch includes lead-in ramp surfaces to spread the two halves of the coil turn until the coil is centrally positioned in the notch, whereupon the coil turn snaps into locking engagement with four separate abutments to prevent dislodgement. A central portion in the notch includes a separate coil supporting surface that limits further movement of the coil into the notch and the notch also includes interior lateral abutment surfaces to engage the outside of the coil turn and prevent lateral movement in the notch. The faces of the support body adjacent the notch are engaged by opposite half portions of the coil turn to preclude axial movement of the coil once it is locked in position.

Abstract: A forced gas electric heater has a serpentine heating element in series with a preheat coil. Gas to be heated first flows through the preheat coil before flowing through the serpentine heating element. A thermistor is disposed between two adjacent turns of the preheat coil. The thermistor controls the "on" time of a solid state power control device which is in series with the preheat coil and the serpentine heating element.

Abstract: An improved single heating element for a furnace, and method of designing the circuit is provided.In the method of design and constructing the heating element, the voltage level of the furnace is determined, the operating temperature of the furnace is determined and then the watt level output is selected. A resistance wire is selected and the watt-density of the wire is calculated as if it were to be connected in a single strand in series. If the calculation yields a value greater than the maximum safe watt density, the watt-density is recalculated as if the wire were connected as two wires in parallel, and this calculation is repeated with an additional wire in parallel as many times as necessary to provide a watt-density less than the maximum safe watt density and constructing a furnace heating element with said finally determined number of wires in parallel.

Abstract: An aquarium heating system utilizes a conductive coating on an aquarium glass viewing window to heat the aquarium water. The conductive coating is transparent and is disposed on the surface of at least one viewing window. A voltage is supplied to the conductive coating under control of a power supply which operates to maintain the water at a constant temperature.

Abstract: A radiant heating panel is formed using a foam insulation core surrounded by a reinforcing mesh and having a pair of wiring harness fixtures snapped over each end of the reinforced core. A radiant heating wire is strung back and fourth between the fixtures to provide a radiant heating element and the core structure, including the radiant heating element, is then wrapped in a paper wrapper which is secured to the core through the reinforcing layer on the side of the core opposite the heating element. A cementicious thermal insulating layer is applied to encase the heating element and the paper wrapper is wrapped into overlying relationship with the cementicious layer to substantially completely enclose the core.

Abstract: A self-redulanting heater includes an electrically-conductive substrate (11), having a magnetic surface layer (13) of one skin depth, folded 180 degrees to define two heater sections joined by a fold section. The magnetic material has a considerably higher resistance than the substrate material. The surfaces of the two sections clad with the surface layer are in closely spaced parallel relation and connected in series by the fold section (23) such that a constant amplitude alternating energizing current flows in opposite directions through the two sections at any instant of time to thereby establish an electric field between the two heaters. The field concentrates current flow at the two facing surfaces. Depth of the current is determined by the skin effect phenomenon and increases significantly at temperatures above the Curie temperature of the magnetic material.

Abstract: A heated handgrip is disclosed wherein a tubular sleeve is overlayed by a sheath with a heating wire sandwiched between the sleeve and the sheath.The sheath and the sleeve are connected threadedly and lock means are provided to preclude relative motion between the sheath and the sleeve.

Abstract: A method of making injection molding nozzles of predetermined desired lengths and capacity which combines the advantages of large scale manufacturing with the flexability of individual assembly. Individual steel components such as a rear portion, an elongated forward portion, and a connector member are manufactured in volume, with the forward portion being made in different predetermined sizes. A forward portion having a particular length and melt bore diameter is then selected, and assembled together with a rear portion and a connector member. If necessary, the melt channel through the rear portion and connector member are enlarged to match the bore of the forward portion. The assembled components are then integrally brazed together to form a nozzle having a particular predetermined length and melt channel diameter.

Abstract: An integral sprue gated injection molding nozzle and method having a melt bore extending centrally therethrough wherein a circular forward end portion of the electrical heating element encircles the melt bore in the nose portion to provide additional heat adjacent the gate. The method includes locating the circular portion of the heating element in a circumferential space between a hub member and a funnel member and integrally brazing them together in a vacuum furnace to form the nose portion of the nozzle. The nose portion is drilled and machined to provide the desired gate and configuration depending upon the particular application.