Abstract: An induction heating system for fabricating a part by heating and forming the part. The induction heating system comprises a smart susceptor that includes a susceptor material that responds to an electromagnetic flux by generating heat and a cavity defined by the susceptor material that is configured to hold the part. An induction coil of the induction heating system is supplied with electrical power so as to generate the electromagnetic flux necessary for the susceptor to generate heat. A temperature controller includes a power supply that supplies electrical power to the induction coil. A controlling element of the temperature controller monitors trends in the electrical power supplied and changes the amount of electrical power being supplied so as to control the temperature of the part during fabrication.

Abstract: A device for inductive billet-heating includes a single or multi-layer billet-heating coil (4) for a round billet (5), in which the billet-heating coil (4) is made up of one or more consecutive, galvanically separated zones. The zones are supplied with electrical energy from a three-phase network by means of an electrical switching device and a control unit. The billet-heating coil (4) includes multiple, synchronically regulated zones (Z1, Z2 through Zn) with reference to frequency and phase of inductive field. For a current feed to each zone (Z1 through Zn) of the billet-heating coil (4), a converter (2) with variable frequency and a plurality of modules is provided. The converter includes plurality of power-moderate closed units with DS-network feed and synchronization of phase and frequency of an output voltage.

Abstract: The present invention is a fixing device for use in an electrophotographic apparatus arranged in a structure in which a high-frequency current is flowed through an induction coil provided close to an endless member having a metal layer made of a conductive material and the endless member is caused to generate heat to heat a material to be fixed. This fixing device is characterized in that, when a start-up operation is started by electrically conducting the induction coil, the endless member is rotated after the metal layer reaches a temperature higher than a final setting temperature, and for a predetermined time from starting rotation of the endless member, a high-frequency current having a size corresponding to a control value of a temperature lower than the final setting temperature and higher than a target temperature is supplied to the coil.

Abstract: A method for transverse flux induction heating using a heating machine including an iron core, that essentially has a U-shape with an opening facing downwards. The legs lie in contact with downwards facing displaceable core jaws. These are so arranged that they are displaceable towards and from each other by means of pneumatic pistons. The object that is to be heated is placed between the core jaws. The core jaws are at the displacement guided by means of U-shaped rails and rolls or linear bearings. The displacement serves among other things to free the object that is to be heated or has been heated for transport into and out from the machine. When the right position has been reached the displacement is stopped and the two core jaws are locked by a pressurized bellow pressing the core jaws upwards against the legs of the U-shaped core.

Abstract: An induction heating device having a hollow cylindrical body made of electrically conductive material, at least one primary induction coil and at least one auxiliary induction coil, the at least one primary induction coil and the at least one auxiliary induction coil being arranged in the cavity of the cylindrical body such that, by means of the at least one primary induction coil and the at least one auxiliary induction coil, first and second magnetic fields, respectively, can be produced in the cylindrical body. The at least one auxiliary induction coil and the at least one primary induction coil operate such that the second magnetic field, at least in one area of the cylindrical body, counteracts the first magnetic field. A corresponding method of operating such an induction heating device, and also a processor for processing a recording medium, having such an induction heating device, are also provided.

Abstract: A fixing device comprising an endless heating member which is adapted to be contacted with a fixable member to thereby enable an image on the fixable member to be thermally fixed, an electromagnetic inductive coil member disposed close to the endless heating member and inductively heating the endless heating member, and an AC power supply circuit supplying an AC current to the electromagnetic inductive coil member. The coil member is constructed such that in a state where the coil member is positioned in the fixing device, a ratio between an inductance L of the coil member and a load resistance R of the coil member meets a condition of L/R<50×10−6 (H/&OHgr;).

Abstract: An induction heating apparatus for heating an image formed on a recording material that has heating device for heating the image on the recording material, the heating device including a heating member and an excitation coil for generating a magnetic flux to induce an eddy current in the heating member, an input impedance of the heating device being variable, a temperature detecting element for detecting a temperature of the heating member, and control device for controlling a frequency of an electrical supply to the excitation coil so that the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element is maintained at a set temperature. In the induction heating apparatus, the control device controls the frequency in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element and information regarding the input impedance of the heating device.

Abstract: A system for heating food delivery containers which comprises: a container for delivering heated food which comprises at least one food compartment having at least one self-regulating heat storage member disposed therein, wherein the self-regulating heat storage member comprising a magnetic material and, optionally, a heat storage material; and an induction generating source which is capable of heating the heat storage material to a predetermined temperature. The system further comprises an automatic shut-off mechanism which is capable of turning off the induction generating source when the heat storage member reaches the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Described is a system designed to warm the transfer chamber used in vacuum equipment in the manufacture of integrated circuits during maintenance. The system detects when the transfer chamber lid is opened and the chamber is exposed to the atmosphere. This activates the heater normally used to bake out the chamber. A temperature sensor is used to keep the temperature below a set point. By warming the chamber, moisture build-up on the inside of the chamber during maintenance is minimized, thereby reducing out gassing and time required to bring the chamber back to its base vacuum pressure when returned to production.

Abstract: A heating apparatus includes magnetic field generating means for generating an alternating magnetic field; a rotatable member disposed in the alternating magnetic field and capable or generating heat by electromagnetic induction; temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of of the rotatable member; and control means for controlling electric energy supply to set magnetic field generating means of the basis of the temperatures detected by the temperature detecting means at positions, which are different in a rotational direction, of the rotatable member.

Abstract: A measuring instrument includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and circuitry. The first and second temperature sensors each generate a signal indicative of the temperature of a medium being detected. The circuitry is configured to activate verification of temperature being sensed with the first sensor. According to one construction, the first temperature sensor comprises at least one thermocouple temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor comprises an optical temperature sensor, each sensor measuring temperature over the same range of temperature, but using a different physical phenomena. Also according to one construction, the circuitry comprises a computer configured to detect failure of one of the thermocouples by comparing temperature of the optical temperature sensor with each of the thermocouple temperature sensors. Even further, an output control signal is generated via a fuzzy inference machine and control apparatus.

Abstract: A fluid heating apparatus is provided which comprises a heat-generating bent tube formed of an electrically conductive material in a tubular configuration and having opposite ends connected in communication to piping through which fluid to be heated is passed, a coil provided outside the heat-generating bent tube and wound to surround the heat-generating bent tube, and a power supply unit for feeding a high-frequency current through the coil. The fluid heating apparatus suppresses the generation of particles in the path of the fluid and may be used to heat gas or liquid in an apparatus for processing semiconductor substrates and flat panel substrates.

Abstract: A method of monitoring the process of induction heating a workpiece. A miniature magnetic sensor located near the outer surface of the workpiece measures changes in the surface magnetic field caused by changes in the magnetic properties of the workpiece as it heats up during induction heating (or cools down during quenching). A passive miniature magnetic sensor detects a distinct magnetic spike that appears when the saturation field, Bsat, of the workpiece has been exceeded. This distinct magnetic spike disappears when the workpiece's surface temperature exceeds its Curie temperature, due to the sudden decrease in its magnetic permeability. Alternatively, an active magnetic sensor can also be used to measure changes in the resonance response of the monitor coil when the excitation coil is linearly swept over 0-10 MHz, due to changes in the magnetic permeability and electrical resistivity of the workpiece as its temperature increases (or decreases).

Abstract: A transverse flux induction heating apparatus adjusts the level of edge heating of a workpiece by changing the pole pitch of induction coils forming the apparatus to provide a more uniform transverse temperature of the workpiece. Changes in the operating frequency of the induction power supply and in the distance between induction coils and workpiece are not required to adjust edge frequency heating. The pole pitch, and therefore, the level of edge heating can be continuously changed, or conveniently adjusted prior to a production run, in a high speed continuous heat treatment process for a workpiece.

Abstract: Temperature self-regulating food delivery systems are provided having a magnetic induction heater (32, 126) and an associated food container (76, 124) equipped with an essentially permanent ferromagnetic heating element (82, 100, 128). The heater (32, 126) and heating elements (82, 100, 128) are designed so as to heat the element (82, 100, 128) to a user-selected regulation temperature when the elements (82, 100, 128) are coupled with the heater's magnetic field, and to maintain the temperature in the vicinity of the regulation temperature indefinitely temperature regulation is a heating achieved by periodically determining at least two parameters of the heaters resonant circuits related to the amplitude of the resonant current passing therethrough during heating and responsively altering the field strength of the magnetic field. Preferably, the value of the resonant circuit amplitude and the rate of change of the amplitude are determine.

Abstract: The invention relates to roller unit consisting of an inductively heated roller, a drive motor, an inductor and a frequency converter. According to the invention not only the converter but also the temperature regulator for the induction heater and monitoring devices for the roller, heater and/or motor are integrated into the roller unit. The power electronics and the regulator are mounted on a common cooling unit which is cooled by a coolant which at the same time also cools the motor, the bearings and the inductor.

Abstract: A delivery apparatus is provided by the invention. The delivery apparatus includes a container for holding an article to be delivered and a heater. The container includes a housing forming an interior area and an opening. The opening is provided with a size sufficient to allow movement of the article from outside the container to within the interior area, and from within the interior area to outside the container. The heater is provided for placement within the interior area for heating the article. The heater includes an electrically conductive coil for providing an electric current when exposed to a magnetic field, and an electrical resistance heating element for generating heat. The electrical resistance heating element is provided in electrical connectivity with the electrically conductive coil. A delivery apparatus assembly is provided which includes an induction range for generating a magnetic field. A heater and a method for delivering food are provided by the invention.

Abstract: A heating device for heating a material to be heated according to a magnetic-induction heating method includes a magnetic-field generator for generating a magnetic field, an electromagnetic-induction heating member for performing electromagnetic-induction heating by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic-field generator, a current detector for detecting a current flowing in the magnetic-field generator, a controller for controlling electric power supplied to the magnetic-field generator based on a result of detection of the current detector, and a current limiter for limiting a maximum current flowing in the magnetic-field generator based on the result of detection of the current detector.

Abstract: An induction heating system that can be used to braze metals and that overcomes many of the disadvantages of conventional brazing systems. The induction heating system improves quality and lowers production cost for many brazing requirements. The system is designed to quickly, accurately and cost effectively heat individual parts, and to replace flame brazing procedures and batch vacuum furnaces. Because the system can braze parts in an inert atmosphere or in no atmosphere (e.g., in a vacuum), no flux or acid cleaning bath is necessary and oxidation on the part is eliminated. Further, by including a gas quenching feature, the system prevents the annealing of parts and produces high quality brazed parts that meet desired hardness specifications.

Abstract: A water heating unit uses a voltage transformer type heating unit to heat water. The water flows from a water reservoir to a wound transformer where the water passes through metal tubing that is also the secondary winding of the transformer. The secondary winding is shorted and an erect-magnetic field induces a current in the transformer generating heat that heats the water flowing through the metal tubing. The turns of the primary winding of the heating unit can be separated with spacer material and a cooling fan can be included adjacent to the heating unit for forcing air in between the turns of the primary winding to remove excess heat.

Abstract: A system for heating food delivery containers which comprises: a container for delivering heated food which comprises at least one food compartment having at least one self-regulating heat storage member disposed therein, wherein the self-regulating heat storage member comprising a magnetic material and, optionally, a heat storage material; and an induction generating source which is capable of heating the self-regulating material to a predetermined temperature. The system further comprises an automatic shut-off mechanism which is capable of turning off the induction generating source when the heat storage member reaches the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: In a heating apparatus of magnetic induction heating type for heating an image formed on a recording material, there are generated an unevenness and a ripple in a temperature on the surface of a fixing roller, leading to the deterioration of fixing ability. This is caused by in accurate temperature detection by induction noise components such as a noise resulting from an alternating magnetic field generated by an excitation coil. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an induction heating apparatus capable of temperature control satisfactory accuracy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for in-situ induction tempering is provided in which an induction coil is used to temper a part in-situ at the location. The use of an induction coil in-situ at the heat treating location eliminates the need (and time and expense) of a multi-step process wherein in part to be tempered would otherwise have to be moved from the quenching location to the tempering location, such as at a tempering furnace. It also eliminates the need for the tempering furnace, which is a great space savings. In one form of the invention, the power supplied to the induction coil is controlled by a closed-loop temperature controller that is controlled by the temperature in the vicinity of the tempered part, as opposed to simply be controlling on time at temperature.

Abstract: A fluid heating apparatus is provided which comprises a heat-generating bent tube formed of an electrically conductive material in a tubular configuration and having opposite ends connected in communication to piping through which fluid to be heated is passed, a coil provided outside the heat-generating bent tube and wound to surround the heat-generating bent tube, and a power supply unit for feeding a high-frequency current through the coil. The fluid heating apparatus suppresses the generation of particles in the path of the fluid and may be used to heat gas or liquid in an apparatus for processing semiconductor substrates and flat panel substrates.

Abstract: An induction heating device includes a plurality of induction coils connected to a single high-frequency power source and each being able to be ON/OFF controlled by a switch. A current is selectively fed only to desired part of the induction coils or to all of the induction coils connected in parallel. The coils are driven by a current fed thereto at the same time in the same phase. The device may include inverters for controlling power to be fed coil by coil. The device is free from interference and irregular heating and can readily cope with a change in a heating range while controlling power coil by coil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for in-situ induction tempering is provided in which an induction coil is used to temper a part in-situ at the location. The use of an induction coil in-situ at the heat treating location eliminates the need (and time and expense) of a multi-step process wherein in part to be tempered would otherwise have to be moved from the quenching location to the tempering location, such as at a tempering furnace. It also eliminates the need for the tempering furnace, which is a great space savings. In one form of the invention, the power supplied to the induction coil is controlled by a closed-loop temperature controller that is controlled by the temperature in the vicinity of the tempered part, as opposed to simply be controlling on time at temperature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for joining metal pieces wherein the rear end of a preceding metal piece and a front end of a metal piece are heated and then pressed together prior to hot finished rolling. The temperature the ends of the metal pieces are heated to is a temperature range between the solidus and liquidus line temperatures of the metal(s) to be joined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an induction heating apparatus for heating an image on a recording material which has an electric conductor, a first coil, for inducing an eddy current in the electric conductor disposed over a longitudinal direction of the electric conductor, a second coil disposed so as to overlap an end portion of the first coil, a first power supply for supplying an alternating current to the first coil, a second power supply for supplying an alternating current to the second coil, a phase shifting circuit for controlling a phase of the alternating current supplied to the second coil, and control means for controlling the phase shifting circuit in conformity with a temperature of the electric conductor.

Abstract: A wafer holding stage used during a semiconductor device fabricating process decreases the number of particles that accumulate on a wafer. The wafer holding stage includes a stage having an upper surface for holding a wafer and a heating element disposed inside the stage for raising temperatures of the upper surface to a holding temperature above an ambient temperature. The heating element may be a heating wire for producing heat when supplied with a electric current or a heat exchange tube for carrying a heated fluid. The wafer holding stage may further comprise a low temperature particle collector, having a surface maintained at a collecting temperature below the ambient temperature, spaced apart a small distance from the stage.

Abstract: An induction heating device for controlling the temperature distribution in an electrically conductive material, or susceptor, when heated by induced eddy currents in the material. A non-electrically conductive material can be heated in a controlled manner by placing the material near to the susceptor. Variable power is applied to multiple induction coil sections wound around the length of the susceptor from a power source by one or more switching circuits. The coil sections can be overlapped or counter-wound between adjacent coil sections, or provided power in a cascaded manner, to achieve desired temperature distributions in the susceptor. A control circuit is used to control the power applied to each coil section and the output of the power source. By placing a non-electrically conductive material near to the susceptor the material can be heated in a controlled manner.

Abstract: A fixing device is provided, which can maintain good fixing properties, irrespective of the kind of a material on which a developer image is to be fixed and a temperature condition of a pressure roller. In a rotary contact region between a heat supply medium and the pressure roller, pressure and heat are applied to the material, thereby fixing the developer image on the material. The heat supply medium includes a metallic body for induction heating, which is provided with a magnetic field to produce an eddy current. The heat supply medium contains a magnetic field generating unit. The magnetic field generating unit includes a core provided with a coil. The core is situated near the metallic body of the heat supply medium such that a distance between a position closest to the metallic body and an end portion of the core is less than a distance between magnetic force line guiding portions provided on the core.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for in-situ induction tempering is provided in which an induction coil is used to temper a part in-situ at the location. The use of an induction coil in-situ at the heat treating location eliminates the need (and time and expense) of a multi-step process wherein in part to be tempered would otherwise have to be moved from the quenching location to the tempering location, such as at a tempering furnace. It also eliminates the need for the tempering furnace, which is a great space savings. In one form of the invention, the power supplied to the induction coil is controlled by a closed-loop temperature controller that is controlled by the temperature in the vicinity of the tempered part, as opposed to simply be controlling on time at temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a temperature controller used for an electromagnetic induction heating apparatus provided with a heating element made of magnetic material, and prepared in a fluid passage. A coil is prepared in the perimeter of the heating element and a high frequency electric current generator for the coil. The temperature controller comprises an electric current detection unit measuring the electric current flowing from the high frequency electric current generator to the coil and detecting that the temperature of magnetic material forming the heating element reaches in the vicinity of the magnetic transformation temperature, and an electric current restrictive unit limiting the electric current flowing to the coil based on the electric current detection unit.

Abstract: An induction heating fixing device is disclosed which is provided with a conducting sleeve, a coil for causing the sleeve to generate an induced current, and a high-frequency power source for feeding a high-frequency wave to the coil. This fixing device detects the switching cycle of the high-frequency power source and the electric power injected into the sleeve and, based on the detected switching cycle and the detected electric power, controls the amount of electric current to be fed from the high-frequency power source to the coil.

Abstract: A steam generating apparatus includes a chamber defining structure for defining a heating chamber for heating a fluid medium such as liquid and/or air; an exciting coil mounted on the chamber defining structure so as to surround the heating chamber and operable, when electrically energized by application of an alternating current power thereto, to produce an alternating magnetic field; a porous heating element disposed within the heating chamber, said porous heating element having a high porosity and adapted to be heated by an induction current developed by the alternating magnetic field produced by the exciting coil; and a liquid supply system for supplying a liquid medium to the heating chamber to allow the liquid medium to be heated in contact with the porous heating element to thereby produce steam.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an electromagnetic induction fluid heating apparatus equipped with a heating element constructed from a conductive material installed in a fluid flow passage, a coil installed around this heating element, and a high frequency electrical current generator for this coil. In particular, this heating element is a layered component that allows electrical conduction between metallic plates. This heating element is formed so that electrical current vortices occur throughout this layered component. By forming a fluid flow passage that allows mixing within this layered component, the electrical power efficiency becomes 100%. Moreover, this high frequency electrical current generator is an invertor that uses semiconductor power devices such as SIT, B-SIT, MOSFET, IGRT, and MCT, etc. When the preferred PWM system (Pulse Width Modulation) is used, the heating efficiency (affected by the efficiency of the invertor, etc. matched with this layered component) exceeds 90%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit for heating a heating element to a desired temperature and generating an output from a single common AC power source. First, the AC power is rectified. An inductor and a capacitor form an L section type filter for the DC from the rectifier. The inductor and the capacitor have a resonate frequency that is greater than the AC power frequency. A switch is connected to the heating element. Next, a controller receives a signal that indicates the actual temperature of the heating element along with an indication of the desired temperature. The controller generates an error signal that PWMs the switch thereby controlling the heating element. Another switch is connected to a transformer. A separate controller PWMs the second switch generating the output at the secondary side of the transformer. The two controllers use a pulse width modulating frequency that is greater than the resonate frequency of the inductor and capacitor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fusion joining polyethylene pipe. A power source supplies an input power to an input of a power supply. The input power has generally constant current and is converted to an output power at a relatively high frequency. The relatively high frequency output power is delivered to an installation tool. The output power delivered to the installation tool is controlled. The output power can be controlled as a function of ambient temperature surrounding the installation tool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for induction brazing wherein the induction coil's power is controlled by a closed loop temperature controller which is provided a temperature signal from a temperature sensor located proximate the brazed joint. Power is supplied to the induction coil until temperature reaches a specific set point corresponding to the desired brazing temperature of the alloy.

Abstract: A temperature detecting apparatus, includes an excitation coil magnetically couplable with metal layer of a heater, the excitation coil being supplied with an AC electric energy; and a detector for detecting a voltage drop, across the excitation coil, which changes with temperature of the heater. The metal layer has a metal ring and the excitation coil is magnetically connected with the metal ring.

Abstract: An image heating apparatus includes an electroconductive heat generating element; an excitation coil for producing a magnetic flux, the excitation coil produces a magnetic flux which is effective to generate eddy current in the electroconductive heat generating element to generate heat in the electroconductive heat generating element; an electric circuit for energizing the excitation coil, the electric circuit having a series resonance circuit and a switching element connected with the series resonance circuit; electric power supply control means for controlling the switching element to effect switching between an energization state and non-energization state for the series resonance circuit.

Abstract: A heating system and method for heating a metal strip to within a predetermined temperature tolerance range while the metal strip serially travels through a heating system. The heating system has at least one preceding heating section, at least one induction heating section, and at least one following heating sections, with the heating sections being serially arranged. The metal strip is heated to below the Curie point of the metal strip in the preceding heating section. Next, the metal strip is heated to, at a maximum, approximately the Curie point in the induction heating section. Then, the metal strip is heated to above the Curie point and to within the predetermined temperature tolerance range in the following heating section.

Abstract: A power source for induction heating of articles containing ferromagnetic particles. An arrangement including the article is exposed to an electromagnetic field at a first power level for a first predetermined period of time and, subsequently to an electromagnetic field at a second power level for a second predetermined period of time. In comparison to conventional power sources, the article may be exposed to an electromagnetic field for a longer period of time without damage.

Abstract: The load balancer incorporates link coil circuits that inductively couple to induction heating coils, which are connected in parallel across a power source. A capacitor is electrically connected in the link coil circuit. By varying degree to which the link coil is inductively coupled to the heating coil or by changing the capacitance, either using a variable capacitor or switching among different capacitors, changes in the amount of reactance coupled into the heating coil are effected. Thus, the current in the corresponding heating coil can be varied, enabling adjustment of the heating of the workpiece. Accordingly, the resulting system is efficient since only a single coil rather than multiple series coils are used. This aspect can be enhanced when litz cable is used in coil construction. Further, the system is compatible with active control.

Abstract: An induction cooking apparatus and method for inductively heating cookware is provided. An analog/digital circuit, including a microprocessor, generates a plurality of gating pulses for operating the power inverter circuit and monitors the operation of the power inverter circuit. The microprocessor provides signals to start and stop the inverter circuit, and determines a period of uninterrupted power inverter circuit operation corresponding to a desired cooking temperature. Analog circuitry is provided for sustaining operation of the power inverter circuit after the power inverter circuit is started, and for compensating for variations in cookware materials.

Abstract: Described is a godet (2) for guiding and advancing endless filament yarns, which comprises one or several heating zones along its casing (3), the heat that is applied by the heating elements (7-10) to the godet casing (3) being scanned by a multiple temperature sensor (12), so as to control the temperature of godet casing (3) in zones. In accordance with the invention, the temperature sensor (12) consists of a flat circuit arrangement of resistors and conduction bands, which are enclosed by a coating resistant to even high temperatures. The exposed tapping contacts (18) lead to the outside of godet (2) and are connected, via measuring lines, with an evaluation unit, whereas the temperature sensor (12) itself is attached to the inside surface of the rotatably driven godet casing (3).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sensing the temperature of a susceptor in a bond line in an inductive welding process utilizing a conductive susceptor at the interface between the two plastic parts, and a magnetic coil that generates an alternating magnetic field and projects the field through the parts and around the susceptor. As the susceptor gets hot, its electrical resistance changes as a function of the thermal coefficient of resistance of the susceptor material, and that change of resistance is reflected back as a change in the drive coil impedance. An electrical circuit senses the varying resistance and that change in resistance is translated into a change of temperature on a temperature display, and may be used to adjust the power to the work coil or the speed of travel of the work coil along the bond line. The circuit includes a high power bridge with a sensitive null arm to sense changes in the susceptor impedance due to temperature changes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for heat sealing object(s) in various size pouches (10). A closed-loop temperature control system is provided for impulse sealing an open mouth of the pouch. The method includes calculating a heating-on time based on the difference between the actual temperature of the sealing jaw(s) and the desired temperature at which to heat seal the pouch.

Abstract: An induction heating fixing device comprises a heat roller in which coil assemblies are disposed. The coil assemblies are aligned axially of the roller to produce magnetic flux in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the heat roller.

Abstract: A contamination-resistant, temperature-sensing device for sensing the extent of conductive heat flow from a metal surface in a method and system are disclosed. A heat transfer member is mounted to one end of a thermally insulative tube. The heat transfer member has two oppositely facing surfaces, one of which engages the metal surface to receive conductive heat flow therefrom, the other of which radiates transferred heat through the tube. A sensor is mounted to the other end of the tube to detect the extent of heat radiated through the tube and hence the extent of conductive heat flow from the metal surface. The sensing device also includes a housing surrounding the tube and the sensor. In addition, the sensing device includes a variable rate coil spring to allow the heat transfer member to bear against the metal surface at a constant contact force.