Abstract: Submerged-arc spot welding apparatus has a carriage for supporting a welding means which is displaceable along a track disposed above a bed or table supporting the work. The carriage is provided with a pressure mechanism consisting of a pressure cylinder guided for motion in the carriage towards and away from the work, a piston in the cylinder having a piston rod attached to a thrust member which is moved into engagement with the work by the outward stroke of the piston. The corresponding backward thrust acting on the cylinder is taken up by stop means rigidly connected to and extending along the track. A stop on the carriage serves to take up the weight of the cylinder when the drive pressure is shut off.

Abstract: Circular pipe of large diameter progressively formed of flat stock, the pipe having a single longitudinal seam is seam-welded by preparing welding grooves such that the inner groove is smaller in size and angle than the outer groove, sequentially carrying out submerged arc welding on the inner welding groove, and large current MIG welding to then first layer of the outer welding edge and a submerged arc welding to a second layer thereof.

Abstract: A welding apparatus in combination with a submerged arc welding head and a plurality of welding ribbons having an adapter plate attached to the welding head and a vertical brace attached to the adapter plate. A plurality of jaw assemblies are pivotally connected to the vertical brace. The welding ribbons pass through a ribbon guide mounted to the adapter plate and pass through the jaw assemblies. By rotating a plurality of cams, which are in contact with the jaw assemblies, the relative angle between the jaw assemblies and ribbons may be adjusted. By rotating a pivot rod the distance between the jaw assemblies and ribbons may be adjusted.

Abstract: Pipes are submerged - arc seam welded with a welding wire having a relatively high nickel content (about 6%), and low carbon content (<0.08%) to obtain a seam having a ductility and toughness which is still adequate for very low temperatures.

Abstract: Relates to a flux dam for submerged arc vertical position welding. The dam comprises a sheet of high temperature stable non-metallic material, a permanent magnet aligned with a first pole thereof substantially at a first surface of the sheet for magnetically attaching the sheet to a vertical workpiece generally parallel to and spaced by the thickness of the workpiece from a generally horizontal weld area of the vertical workpiece to an abutting horizontal workpiece, the magnet extending generally towards a second surface of the sheet, the magnet being affixed in the aforementioned alignment thereof. Also relates to an improvement in a welding method using said dam.

Abstract: An apparatus for arc welding of a pair of spaced steel plates from one side only using a grooved back-up plate which gives a good weld bead shape on the under side, gives high linear welding speeds, and avoids contamination of the deposited weld metal by the metal from the back-up plate. A pair of consumable electrodes connected in electrical series between the output terminals of the power source and with one connected by an independent connection to the workpiece are advanced into the weld gap on lines of movement which intersect at a point above the lower surfaces of the plates so that an arc is maintained between the electrodes spaced from the base of the back-up plate groove. A separately energized electrode trails the first two electrodes and deposits a weld bead on the first deposited weld metal while it is still hot.

Abstract: Granulated welding flux is supplied under fluid pressure from a reservoir mounted at a convenient location for reloading. The reservoir is connected to an elevated vacuum tank. Recovered excess flux is also brought up to the vacuum tank, both sources of flux maintaining a predetermined level of flux within the vacuum tank. A conduit from the vacuum tank provides gravity feed of flux from the tank to a lower divider box from which a plurality of conduits deliver flux to the traveling welding arc from behind and in front of the arc between the tip of the welding electrode and the work piece.

Abstract: A method of connecting metallic parts, and metallic parts so produced, by means of arc fusion welding by producing a low volume welding seam (narrow gap welding), wherein the workpiece parts to be jointed and forming a narrow gap are initially welded at their butt joint by means of, for instance, electron-beam welding, plasma-arc welding, laser-beam welding or argon arc-welding to produce a base seam with or without filler material, and thereafter the workpiece flanks forming the narrow gap are united by alternately depositing weld beads at first one and the other workpiece flank by submerged-arc welding.

Abstract: A submerged arc welding method and more specifically, a multiple electrode welding method is disclosed wherein welding is performed by arranging electrodes in such a manner that the distance becomes at least 300 mm between a first molten pool formed by multilayer welding or by a single or plural electrodes preceding along the weld line and a subsequent molten pool formed by a single subsequent electrode or plural subsequent electrodes, as well as a submerged arc welding method which is characterized in that there is formed a slag having the components listed below on the weld metal formed by an electrode or a preceding electrode forming a preceding layer, and welding is carried out as such, without removing the slag, using an electrode or a subsequent electrode forming a subsequent layer;TiO.sub.2 : 20-65% by weight (up to 60% by weight, based on the total TiO.sub.2 amount, of which may be substituted by ZrO.sub.2);CaF.sub.2 : 9.6-40% by weight, andAl.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 10-56% by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in a method of welding a first workpiece to a second workpiece which comprises utilizing the flux dam composition on each side of a weld groove to define a dam and electrical welding along the weld groove while adding flux thereto to maintain a slag blanket over a pool of molten weld metal in the groove.

Abstract: Submerged arc welding process for 3.5% Ni steel which can provide a welded portion having a satisfactory impact resistance at low temperatures such as below minus 100.degree. C. In the process, use is made of a flux having a basicity as defined by a formula (CaO+MgO/SiO.sub.2) in weight percentages of between 1.5 and 3. The weld metal is deposited in a plurality of superimposed welded layers, each having a thickness less than 7 mm so that the weld metal in an underlying layer is thermally affected by an adjacent overlying layer whereby recrystallization is effected in substantial thickness of the underlying layer to provide a fine crystalline structure.

Abstract: A method of electroslag welding using a blanket of fiberized siliceous material on a stationary consumable guide in a narrow gap welding process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for strip cladding into a corner while magnetically agitating the weld deposit. The clad strip is angled away from the corner in the plane of the electrode strip, and means are provided for using the corner-forming obstruction as a pole piece for the electromagnet. The welding head can thereby be positioned to clad into the corner without interference from an obstructing pole piece or from the welding head itself.

Abstract: An automatic arc welding process for welding in a substantially horizontal direction, includes the steps of placing a longitudinal consumable nozzle along the joint line within the weld groove, the nozzle being coated with an insulating material disposed therearound and having a hollow core portion, and continuously feeding a wire through the hollow core portion.

Abstract: A method of applying a hard facing of an iron or steel former (e.g. a roll of a rolling mill) in which a consumable electrode is melted on to the surface of the former by a submerged arc or gas shielding welding process and in which the former and the welding head are moved relative to one another to deposit a bead of weld metal on to the former. The consumable electrode is chosen to give a weld metal deposit comprising by weight, from 0.03% to 0.12% carbon, from 0.20% to 0.75% silicon, from 0.50% to 1.50% manganese, from 4.50% to 6.50% nickel, from 12.0% to 17.0% chromium, from 1.5% to 2.0% molybdenum, from 1.2% to 2.0% copper, from 0.2% to 0.9% niobium, up to 0.04% sulphur, up to 0.04% phosphorus and up to 0.06% nitrogen, the balance being iron and incidental impurities, the ratio of nickel and copper to the carbide forming elements being chosen to achieve a microstructure of between 3% and 10% delta-ferrite in the interdentritic regions thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a process involving submerged arc welding for nickel containing steel such as steel containing 3.5 weight percent of nickel. The process uses a bond type flux of specific composition to suppress the oxygen content in the weld metal. Further, the process utilizes a cored welding wire including a core material of specific composition. As the result, it is possible to obtain a weld metal of high impact-resistance at low temperatures such as minus 100.degree. C.

Abstract: In pipes and the like of relatively heavy section, a boss is formed on the side of the pipe or section by drilling a hole in the pipe, forming a mold around the hole with the hole in relatively vertical position and depositing in the mold and against the walls of the pipe, thereby joining to those walls, electroslag metal which forms a boss on the pipe.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically forming a circumferential weld on a cylindrical member utilizing an A-frame structure which straddles the cylindrical member.

Abstract: A weld bead is disposed between two workpieces to be welded together by feeding the weld metal to a pool which is advancing relative to the workpieces while supporting the pool of weldment from below with a member which simultaneously serves to maintain the spacing of the workpieces and is preferably composed of tungsten. The support member can be constituted as an electrode. The pool-support member and the burner form a unit which is displaced along the welding gap between the workpieces.

Abstract: Methods of hard facing iron or steel articles by a submerged arc welding process are described. Specifically, an iron or steel rolling mill roll arbor is hard faced by rotating the arbor about its longitudinal axis and traversing a welding head parallel to said axis to deposit a spiral bead of weld metal on the arbor for subsequent heat treatment and machining. Different consumable electrodes and fluxes are chosen to deposit a desired hard facing on the arbor.

Abstract: An apparatus for the repair of ingot molds is disclosed. The ingot mold rests upon a layer of graphite powder whereby current can be passed through the ingot mold without the need for grinding thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing from straight metal section material fork lift truck forks of substantially L-shaped construction with substantially vertical and horizontal arm portions extending from the bend, comprising heating the straight metal to softening point in the region of the proposed bend and while the vertical and horizontal arm portions are supported substantially at right angles, forming with softened metal by cavity welding the required shape of the fork in the region of the bend.

Abstract: A method of butt welding two adjoining plates is disclosed. The method includes welding the two plates together in a single pass, cutting a gap in the center of the first weld leaving first weld material on the two adjoining surfaces, and then rewelding the gap between the two adjoining surfaces of first weld material ensuring the reweld only occurs on the first weld material. This method has the advantage of heat treating the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the parent material adjacent the weld to prevent adverse metallurgical effect on the metal.

Abstract: An improved vertical electroslag welding system wherein the driving motor which propels the molding shoes is controlled by varying its speed in response to electrode current thereby assuring a molten puddle which for any set speed will not rise over the cavity wall or become too fluid. The motor is remotely controlled so that the welding current is not directly coupled to the control circuit.

Abstract: Apparatus for cooling welds obtained by high heat input processes by the combined use of water and of gas, wherein the cooling water is brought into contact with the hot weld in a restricted zone located immediately under the molten bath, said zone having a ratio of its dimension transverse to the weld seam and the dimension parallel thereto, comprised between 10:1 and 1:1; and wherein the generated steam and the non evaporated water are immediately removed from the weld.

Abstract: Submerged arc welding of high tension steel workpieces by using bonded flux capable of generating at least 7 percent by weight of carbon dioxide gas during welding operation and producing slag with a basicity B.sub.L of not smaller than 1.0, in conjunction with a welding wire capable of providing alloying elements to weld metal, so as to produce weld metal having a high toughness and a high crack-resistivity.

Abstract: A consumable electrode guide tube is connected to a holder disposed at the top of a long vertical joint to be welded. Power is short circuited from the holder to a point midway along the tube until the lower half of the joint is welded, after which time the short is removed and the upper half of the joint is welded in the conventional manner.

Abstract: Bulkwelding is disclosed in which a consummable electrically conductive electrode is fed to a weld zone, and electric current is caused to flow in the electrode thereby providing a magnetic field about the electrode, particles of magnetically responsive weld material are fed to the electrode which magnetically adhere to it, fluxing materials are fed to the weld zone, preferably in front and in back of the electrode and adhered weld particles, and the electrode with the particles of weld material magnetically adhered to it are fed through the flux to the weld zone where the electrode and particles are melted to form the weld. The rate of feeding the weld particles and the electrode are coordinated to provide any desired ratio of weld particles to electrode in the weld. Both methods and apparatus are disclosed.

Abstract: Arc welding and overlaying, particularly with strip electrodes, and particularly for overlaying by the submerged arc welding process with strip electrodes, can be regulated as to the distribution of arc energy by using strip electrodes which are run through male and female gears so that the current input of the electrodes is adjusted as to uniformity across the width of the overlay path.

Abstract: A flux particularly adapted to the carrying out of a method for a build-up welding proposed by the present applicant essentially comprises, by weight, 50 to 90% of calcium fluoride and 10 to 40% of alumina with an addition of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 0.5 to 7% of iron oxide, 2 to 10% silica, 1 to 17% of manganese oxide and 2 to 10% of chrome oxide.