Abstract: A method of forming droplets comprises flowing a liquid through a channel; spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel; and impinging the thin film with a flowing gas to atomize the liquid into droplets. The droplets may then be dried to produce dried particles, such as particles comprising a pharmaceutical active agent. The droplets formed by the disclosed process have improved size and/or size distribution characteristics.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for generating a mist is provided. The apparatus has at least one working fluid supply conduit (66) having an inlet in fluid communication with a supply of working fluid and an outlet in fluid communication with a first mixing chamber. The apparatus also includes a plurality of transport fluid passages (60a,60b), each of which has an inlet adapted to receive a supply of transport fluid and an outlet in fluid communication with the mixing chamber. Downstream of the mixing chamber is a nozzle (72) having an inlet (74) in fluid communication with the mixing chamber, an outlet (78), and a throat portion (76) intermediate the nozzle inlet (74) and outlet (78). The throat portion (76) of the nozzle (72) has a cross sectional area which is less than that of either the nozzle inlet (74) or the nozzle outlet (78).

Abstract: An aerosol dispenser has a canister to contain a liquid product to be dispensed together with a propellant present at least partly as a gas and valve to control the release of the liquid product from the canister. The dispenser also has a vapor phase tap for introducing a portion of the gaseous propellant into the liquid product as it is dispensed. The dispenser has a flow control device for varying the rate at which the propellant has is introduced into the liquid product through the vapor phase tape in dependence on the pressure of the contents of the canister. The flow control device can be used to reduce the amount of propellant gas bled into the liquid product, particularly when the dispenser is full and the pressure in the canister is high, as a way of conserving the propellant gas.

Abstract: The nozzle for introducing and for metered addition of a treatment medium into the exhaust gas stream in combustion processes comprises a nozzle tube (2) and an inner displacement body (1) having a round cross section to form a nozzle ring gap (14). The displacement body (1) borders a mixing chamber (18) inside the nozzle tube (2) and on this end has a tapered area (3) with which it is held exclusively on a feed tube (5) for the treatment medium. The feed tube (5) crosses through a pressure chamber (6.1), which has two axial bordering walls (4, 7). The feed tube is held in these bordering walls, with a holder (12) being provided in the bordering wall (4), allowing the carrier medium from the pressure chamber (6.1) to flow through to the nozzle gap (14).

Abstract: An arrangement for supplying a medium to an exhaust line of a combustion engine. The arrangement comprises a first exhaust passage defined by at least a first wall surface of an element, and a dosing device supplying the medium to the first exhaust passage. The arrangement is adapted to maintaining a degree of heating of the first wall surface so that the latter will be at a higher temperature than the medium's vaporization point when the liquid medium is supplied in the first exhaust passage. Therefore, even the medium which reaches the first wall surface will vaporize in the first exhaust passage.

Abstract: A vortex-generating nozzle-end ring includes a body having an outer periphery and an aperture disposed through the body, the aperture defining an inner periphery of the body, the body being adaptable to the end of a nozzle, and at least one tab extending from the inner periphery radially inwardly toward the center of the aperture. In another embodiment, a nozzle includes a housing having a central longitudinal axis having an inlet and an outlet; a vortex-generating nozzle-end ring disposed on the outlet, including a body having an outer periphery and an aperture disposed through the body, the aperture defining an inner periphery of the body, the body being adaptable to the end of nozzle; and at least one tab extending from the inner periphery radially inwardly toward the center of the aperture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing mist or aerosol. The device comprises at least two atomisers for atomizing a liquid into drop jets. In accordance with the invention, at least two atomizers are arranged oriented substantially directly towards one another in a manner making the drop jets produced thereby collide directly into each other.

Abstract: A spray head with improved distributor body for a high pressure spray cleaning apparatus is provided. The spray head is carried on the end of a hand held wand with control valves to separately regulate flow through a pair of fluid circuits, the spray head having a nozzle that sprays heated water in a fan-like pattern against a deflecting edge of a distributor body. Cleaning chemicals are forced through an aperture into the fan-like pattern prior to its striking the deflecting edge to be intimately mixed with the heated water to produce a mixture that strikes the deflecting edge and is deflected therefrom in a highly concentrated form at a high velocity. An elbow guard provides improved protection for the chemical cleaning fluid flow line where it connects to the spray head. Also disclosed is a spray head that allows for the separate application of fluids delivered from separate supply sources.

Abstract: A nozzle head, having a feed line for a high-pressurized fluid, a channel for delivering an abrasive substance, with which the fluid can be loaded, as well as a discharge line, from which the fluid, loaded with abrasive substance, can issue, is designed such that the feed line and the channel run parallel or almost parallel to each other, and that the discharge line issues sideways from the nozzle head so as to run at an angle to the feed line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus utilizing ultrasonic vibrations to force movement of protrusions to spray a fluid. The apparatus includes a horn with an internal chamber. Within the internal chamber of the horn are protrusions extending from a wall of the chamber. When the horn is vibrated, a fluid is expelled from the horn by the oscillation of the protrusions. Fluid to be expelled from the horn enters the internal chamber of the horn through at least one channel passing through a wall of the horn and leading into the chamber. After passing through the horn's internal chamber, the fluid exits the horn by passing through a channel originating in the front wall of the chamber and ending at the horn's radiation surface. A transducer may be connected to the horn's proximal end to generate ultrasonic vibrations throughout the length of the horn.

Abstract: An ultrasound apparatus capable of mixing and/or atomizing fluids is disclosed. The apparatus includes a horn having an internal chamber through which fluids to be atomized and/or mixed flow. Connected to the horn's proximal end, a transducer powered by a generator induces ultrasonic vibrations within the horn. Traveling down the horn from the transducer, the ultrasonic vibrations induce the release of ultrasonic energy into the fluids to be atomized and/or mixed as they travel through the horn's internal chamber. As the ultrasonic vibrations travel through the chamber, the fluids within the chamber are agitated and/or begin to cavitate, thereby mixing the fluids. Upon reaching the front wall of the chamber, the ultrasonic vibrations are reflected back into the chamber, like an echo. The ultrasonic vibrations echoing off the front wall pass through the fluids within the chamber a second time, further mixing the fluids.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for generating and dispensing a mixture containing a pressurized gas and a fluid material. The apparatus includes a mixing device having a mixing chamber and a mixer inside the mixing chamber. A gas injection device, which is coupled with the mixing device, injects the pressurized gas into the fluid material in the mixing chamber. The mixer operates to combine the pressurized gas with the fluid material to form a mixture, which is subsequently dispensed from a dispenser coupled with the mixing device.

Abstract: A dosing mechanism for fuels, particularly for the input into a chemical reformer to obtain hydrogen, has a metering-in device for metering fuel into a supply line, which opens out at at least one dosing aperture into a transporting line transporting a tempered material flow. A holding device for accommodating the metering-in device has an insulating body which thermally insulates the metering-in device from the transporting line that transports the tempered material flow.

Abstract: An improved singlet oxygen generator (SOG) and method of using gas phase electronically excited states of oxygen for bio-medical and chemical treatment applications are disclosed. According to the invention, both gas phase O2(1?) and O2(1?) are used for medical treatment, sterilization, and deactivation of biological and chemical agents, including diseased tissue and biological and chemical weapons. The improved SOG is compact and scalable, portable, capable of operating in a zero-gravity or low gravity environment, may use gaseous diluent or buffer gas, and is capable of operating at pressures as high as one atmosphere. The SOG is capable of operating within a short distance of the target site for the electronically excited states of oxygen, which are delivered to the target site via a conduit. The SOG and delivery system provide higher yields of electronically excited oxygen with longer lifetimes suitable for bio-medical applications.

Abstract: In an air-operated plural component dispensing hand gun, including a sliding mixing and dispensing element that forms, with a pair of component inlet blocks, the valves controlling the mixing and dispensing of the plural component materials, the mixing and dispensing element includes a rearward part and a forward part which together form a mixing chamber, with admission passages for the plural components to be mixed in the rearward part and a dispensing orifice for mixed plural component material in the forward part, said mixing chamber having an enlarged portion in the rearward part.

Abstract: A processing apparatus is provided to process a workpiece. The processing apparatus can have a low-profile nozzle system capable of navigating through spaces in order to process target regions with relatively small clearances. A fluid jet outputted from the nozzle system is used to cut, mill, or otherwise process the target region of the workpiece.

Abstract: A bi-propellant rocket engine may include a primary propellant flowing in a central passageway, a secondary propellant flowing in a secondary passageway generally coaxial with central passageway and a pintle tip having a central chamber sidewall coaxial with the primary passageway and surrounding a central chamber, the central chamber sidewall having a first plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the central chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway. The pintle tip may have a secondary chamber sidewall, substantially thicker than the primary chamber sidewall, surrounding a secondary chamber downstream of and in fluid communication with the primary chamber, the secondary chamber sidewall having a second plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the secondary chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway.

Abstract: A fluid spraying device comprises a first supply flow path which guides a pressurized liquid, a second supply flow path which guides a pressurized gas, a gas-liquid mixing part which joins the first supply flow path and the second supply flow path and which mixes the liquid and the gas, and an ejection flow path which guides a fluid from the gas-liquid mixing part to the outside. A branching/joining part is provided at an intermediate part of the ejection flow path which, after branching the ejection flow path into a plurality of branch flow paths, rejoins these branch flow paths together. Moreover, a fluid spraying nozzle comprises a flexible spray tube, and a guide which surrounds the spray tube from the outside in the diametral direction.

Abstract: Blasting method for cleaning surfaces, wherein a carrier gas is supplied under pressure through a blasting line (10) to a blasting nozzle (14), and liquid CO2 is supplied through a feed line (32), is transformed into dry snow through expansion and is fed into the blasting line (10), characterised in that CO2 from the feed line (32) is introduced into the blasting line (10) through an expansion volume (34) having an enlarged cross section.

Abstract: A bi-propellant rocket engine may include a primary propellant flowing in a central passageway, a secondary propellant flowing in a secondary passageway generally coaxial with central passageway and a pintle tip having a central chamber sidewall coaxial with the primary passageway and surrounding a central chamber, the central chamber sidewall having a first plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the central chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway. The pintle tip may have a secondary chamber sidewall, substantially thicker than the primary chamber sidewall, surrounding a secondary chamber downstream of and in fluid communication with the primary chamber, the secondary chamber sidewall having a second plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the secondary chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway.

Abstract: The injector includes a nozzle, a needle, a control chamber, a working fluid supply passage, an electric switching valve, a high-pressure gaseous fuel supply passage and a lubrication liquid fuel supply passage. The nozzle has an injection hole, through which high-pressure gaseous fuel is injected. The needle is axially reciprocably received in the nozzle to open and close the injection hole. The needle includes a sliding portion and a valve portion. The control chamber applies a pressure to the needle. The working fluid supply passage supplies liquid fuel to the control chamber. The electric switching valve controls an inflow/outflow of the liquid fuel to/from the control chamber. The high-pressure gaseous fuel supply passage supplies the high-pressure gaseous fuel to the injection hole. The lubrication liquid fuel supply passage supplies the liquid fuel from the working fluid supply passage to the sliding portion and the valve portion.

Abstract: A leakproof perfume spray head structure comprises a spray head, a locking shell, an inner sleeve, a rotation shaft, a water guide pipe, and an outer cover, wherein the spray head has gaps for better communicating the gas with the perfume liquid so as to spray out more uniform perfume mists. When the spray head is opened, but not in use, the spray head can be rotated by a certain angle so as to close the inner spray tunnel of the spray head completely to prevent the perfume liquid from leakage.

Abstract: A drying gun includes a chamber and a handle made integrated with the body of the gun, an arc diverter being disposed between an inner end of a rear hole inside the chamber and an exhaust hole; a plug being placed in the rear hole in the chamber; a narrow exhaust gap being defined between a front surface of the plug and the inner end of the rear hole; a front tapered hole inside the plug being disposed corresponding to the arc diverter; the compressed air admitted through the exhaust gap being first guided by the arc diverter to follow the arc to change its direction into the exhaust hole thus to produce siphon effect; and the body of the drying gun may be combined with diffusers in different configurations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments related to a chemical sprayer that includes a sprayer head assembly and a container. The container defines a cavity for storing a chemical to be sprayed. The sprayer head assembly includes a chemical passage, a carrier fluid passage, a vent passage, a valve chamber and a valve. The chemical passage is communication with the cavity. The carrier fluid passage is in communication with a carrier fluid source. Both the carrier fluid and chemical passages are in communication with the valve chamber. The valve is moveably positioned within the valve chamber and defines at least partially a first passage and a second passage. The first passage is configured so as to be in communication with the chemical passage when the valve is in an open position. The second passage is configured so as to be in communication with the carrier fluid passage when the valve is in the open position.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for injecting a color component into a plural component coating dispensing system. Base, cure and color components are pumped from respective containers at metered volume. The color component, which is preferably a low-viscosity automotive paint is injected into the either the base or cure stream at a point immediately prior to mixing all components in a dispensing device for dispensing the resulting colored fluid mixture onto a surface to be coated. The mixture may be dispensed by pouring or spraying onto the surface. The method and system are particularly useful for mixing and dispensing colored polyurethane or polyurea coatings, such as for spray-on truck bed liners.

Abstract: A portable sprayer having a backpack to which are secured a blower unit and a supply tank. The blower unit includes a drive motor and a blower driven thereby. The blower unit is mounted on the backpack by at least one anti-vibration element. The supply tank, for example for spray agent, is mechanically separated from the blower unit and is also mounted on the backpack by at least one anti-vibration element. A removable, at least approximately rigid connection element is provided for coupling the supply tank and the blower unit together or for isolating them from one another with respect to vibrations.

Abstract: A nebulization system, which creates a uniform fog of tiny suspended liquid droplets, to lubricate the surfaces of MEMS devices. These droplets fall over the edge of a baffle and are then mixed with an umbrella-like sheet of N2 turbulation gas to generate a uniform cloud of droplets that fill a passivation chamber. The MEMS device is then positioned in this uniform cloud of lubricant droplets for a specified amount of time, thereby uniformly lubricating all the surfaces of the device. The system uses a laser monitoring approach to control the uniformity of the lubricant cloud by providing feedback to the system to control the flow of gases. The system also equalizes the pressure around the sample device seal to prevent gases from entering or exiting the chamber and thereby influencing the environment inside the chamber.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for uniformly injecting a fluid stream into a gas stream at elevated temperature by means of an injection nozzle comprising a nozzle head and a supply inner tube being concentrically surrounded with an outer casing tube spaced apart from the inner supply tube. It comprises passing the fluid stream through the inner tube and the nozzle head and maintaining temperature of the fluid stream in the inner tube by providing thermal insulation in at least part of an annular space between the inner tube and the outer tube. Further it comprises maintaining a constant flow of the fluid inside the inner tube and nozzle head by plugging the nozzle head at outlet end and spraying the fluid stream through a number of nozzle holes provided in the nozzle head adjacent to the outlet end of the nozzle head.

Abstract: An atomizer nozzle (1) for fuels, in particular for feeding them into a chemical reformer for obtaining hydrogen, has a nozzle body (2) containing spray-discharge orifices (3) that discharge into a metering space, and has at least one metering aperture (6). The spray-discharge orifices (3) are situated at elevation levels (4) so as to have a radial directional component with respect to a center line (10) of the nozzle body (2), each elevation step having at least one spray-discharge orifice (3), and the spray-discharge orifices (3) of at least one elevation level (4) being connected to at least one channel (14) of a nozzle-body insert (5) that has at least one flow-through opening (11).

Abstract: A cap with a suction type spray head includes an air guiding chamber, an intake passage, an outgoing passage, a liquid sucking mouth and an air pressure balancing aperture for a container with a sprayer. The liquid in the container can be sucked out due to air pressure difference between the sucking mouth and the interior of the container. The outgoing passage at the outer end thereof is a spraying outlet, which face the liquid sucking mouth so that the liquid out of the liquid sucking mouth is atomized with the air sprayed from the spraying outlet.

Abstract: A nozzle for mixing and delivering two or more components and method of use thereof. One variation provides a nozzle that injects a first component, such as fuel, into a flow plume for a second component, such as nitrous oxide, for use with combustion engines. The nozzle receives two or more separate flows of components (e.g., gases and/or liquids), one of which is pressurized so as to be outputtable from the nozzle as a plume. The plume is directed so as to encompass an output extension for the other component near the plume edge, thereby enhancing mixture of the components. In addition, the plume produces a low pressure draw of the second component from the output extension, the low pressure draw varying with plume velocity, in turn varying with delivery pressure of the first component. The plume flow of the second component also atomizes the first component, further enhancing mixing.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved mixing arrangement for, primarily, moving bitumen in steam from sources of such bitumen and steam to a reactor or coker for further processing of the bitumen into petroleum products. The invention provides a main conduit connected to an atomizing nozzle mounted in a wall of the reactor and first and second conduits for flowing bitumen and steam respectively into the main conduit. The first conduit is angled relative to the main conduit at an acute angle of about 45° and the second conduit is angled relative to the main conduit at an acute angle of about 30°. The second conduit is positioned upstream of the first conduit by a short distance of about 23 mm and may be angled radially relative to the first conduit by any angle, although a 90° angle is preferred.

Abstract: A chemical injector for injecting fluid chemical into a pipeline having an axis wherein the pipeline has fluid flow moving from an upstream to a downstream direction. The chemical injector includes an injector tube having an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline. An injector tube tip extends from the injector tube having an angled end, wherein the angled end forms a line extending from the injector tube axis toward the downstream direction at an acute angle. A circular aperture through the tube tip angled end of the injector tube assists in dispersing the fluid chemical in the pipeline.

Abstract: A metal atomizing device includes a casing with an inlet tube for providing liquid metal into the casing and an outlet is defined through the casing. The inlet tube and the outlet share a common axis. A polygonal impact member is located at an outlet of the inlet tube and a plurality of gas inlets are connected to the casing so as to provide noble gas into the casing and mixed with the liquid metal that impacts on the impact member.

Abstract: Snow is made, for use on ski slopes and the like, using compressed air at a pressure substantially less than 95 psig, preferably around 30 psig. The air is provided to a snow making head or snow gun, where it is flowed through an air nozzle having effective diameter D. The air stream intersects a water droplet stream with angle A and at distance L from the air nozzle. Preferred angle A is in the range 70 to 110 degrees. The preferred ratio L/D is in the range 9:1 and 22:1. High pressure air from existing compressor systems is reduced to a desired substantially lower pressure by a central choked flow throttle upstream of an aftercooler, or by multi-stage throttles located near the snow making head. Water is added to the compressed air to substantially improve snow making, particularly when ambient relative humidity is low.

Abstract: The present invention provides a burner for use in a combustion-type waste gas treatment system for combusting waste gases emitted from semiconductor manufacturing system, particularly, a deposition gas containing SiH4 and a halogen-base gas, simultaneously at a high efficiency of destruction, making it difficult for a powder of SiO2 to be attached and deposited, performing a low-NOx combustion, and maintaining a desired level of safety. The combustion-type waste gas treatment system has a flame stabilizing zone (15), which is open toward a combustion chamber (11), surrounded by a peripheral wall (12), and closed by a plate (14) remotely from the combustion chamber. A waste gas, an auxiliary combustible agent, and air are introduced into and mixed with each other in the flame stabilizing zone (15), and the mixed gases are ejected toward the combustion chamber (11) perpendicularly to the plate (14).

Abstract: A silencer (25a) for the attenuation of noise occurring in an intake airstream (10, 27) of a gas turbine (1–3) includes a device or devices (31, 32, 33, 34) for the introduction of water and/or steam into the intake airstream (10, 27). These devices may be designed, in particular, in the form of Venturi tubes (31), the water (29) being supplied, in particular above the saturation limit, to the airstream (27) via nozzles (33) arranged at the narrowest point. In this way, the silencing can be combined at the same time with the introduction of water for increasing the power output or for the general regulation of the gas turbine, this being achieved with a comparatively simple design.

Abstract: A fogging device (26) for introducing water and/or vapor into an intake air flow (10, 27) of a gas turbine (1–3) includes a sound-absorbing device (31, 35). This device may in particular be designed in the form of Venturi tubes (31), the water (29) being fed to the air flow (27) via nozzles (33) arranged at the narrowest location. In this way, the spraying of water for increasing the power output or for generally regulating the gas turbine can at the same time be combined with a silencer, and this in a comparatively simple construction.

Abstract: A spray paint gun with shunt control includes a housing containing a pressurized air passage, a fluid control valve and an atomization control valve. The pressurized air passage respectively connects through a fluid control air passage and an atomization air passage. Both the fluid control valve and the atomization control valve include a locking nut and a knob, respectively. The locking nut is hollow and provided with external and internal threads to be fastened with its external thread to the housing and connecting through the fluid and atomization air passages, respectively. The fluid control valve and the atomization control valve are respectively fastened to the internal threads of the locking nuts. Both knobs are respectively locked to the fluid control valve and the atomization control valve.

Abstract: A spray head structure capable of preventing backflow of perfume liquid comprises a spray head, a locking base, a kit, a bottle, and a compressible ball. A rolling ball is held inside a gas-supplying tube of the spray head. A cross-shaped trench is formed on one end of a gas-guiding device, and several liquid-guiding grooves are formed on the other end of the gas-guiding device. The cross-shaped trench supplies the gas with a flow channel, and it also prevents the rolling ball from blocking the channel. If the compressed compressible ball is released, the rolling ball will be attracted backward by suction force such that the rolling ball blocks the flow channel and prevents the perfume liquid from flowing into the inside of the compressible ball.

Abstract: A leakproof perfume spray head comprises a spray head, a locking shell, an inner sleeve, a rotation shaft, and an outer cover, wherein the locking shell is locked to a perfume bottle and a sleeving section on a lower end of the inner sleeve is inserted into the locking shell. An orientation ring is jammed in the shallow trench that forms on the top of the inner sleeve, wherein the center of the shallow trench communicates with a first through hole. A threaded section is formed on the inner surface of the first through hole. The rotation shaft includes a second through hole and protrudent circular teeth. The protrudent threads are engaged with the threaded section, wherein a gap is formed between the inner sleeve and the first through hole. The protrudent threads of the rotation shaft are locked to the threaded section of the inner sleeve.

Abstract: A therapeutic spa tub having a waterline and one or more fluidic nozzles for issuing therapeutic jets of water into the tub. The one or more water nozzles each comprises a housing having an inlet for receiving a flow of water under pressure, a fluidic oscillator having an oscillation chamber and at least one power nozzle coupled to the inlet and the oscillation chamber for projecting at least one jet of water into the oscillation chamber in one or more outlets from said oscillation chamber for issuing one or more pulsating jets of water into the spa tub below the waterline. An air passage in the outlet entrains ambient air in water passing through the outlet. The fluidic oscillator is a low frequency reversing chamber oscillator wherein the oscillation chamber has a reversing wall.

Abstract: A nozzle for atomizing and spraying liquid is provided. The nozzle includes a longitudinal liquid flow passageway that terminates in a liquid orifice for directing a stream of liquid along a predetermined axis. A plurality of intersecting, transverse passageways extend perpendicular to and intersect the predetermined axis. Each of the transverse passageways terminates at either end in an outlet. The transverse passageways define a first impingement surface downstream of the liquid orifice for breaking up a stream of liquid impinging thereon into a laterally spreading dispersion which disperses through the transverse passageways. An air annulus is arranged in surrounding relation to the outlets of the transverse passageways and oriented to discharge air in a downstream direction so as to strike the fluid dispersed through the outlets of the transverse passageways. An expansion chamber is arranged downstream of the transverse passageways and air annulus.

Abstract: A device and a method for generating a mist for camouflaging ships, vehicles, air vehicles and stationary objects within infrared and radar wavelengths. The device generates mist by a liquid, for instance water, being injected into a flow of air which is supplied from an air duct, through a nozzle directed towards the flow of air. The flow of air atomizes the liquid and spreads the atomized liquid as a mist.

Abstract: A method of operation of a plasma torch and the plasma apparatus to produce a hot gas jet stream directed towards a workpiece to be coated by first injecting a cold high pressure carrier gas containing a powder material into a cold main high pressure gas flow and then directing this combined high pressure gas flow coaxially around a plasma exiting from an operating plasma generator and converging directly into the hot plasma effluent, thereby mixing with the hot plasma effluent to form a gas stream with a net temperature based on the enthalpy of the plasma stream and the temperature and volume of the cold high pressure converging gas, establishing a net temperature of the gas stream at a temperature such that the powdered material will not melt or soften, and projecting the powder particles at high velocity onto a workpiece surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a constructing misting manifold is disclosed that uses a standardized intermediate member joined to tubing. The method allows mass production, particularly with use of orbital welding, easy alignment of the component part and high quality welds.

Abstract: A variable flow-rate ejector for precisely controlling the flow rate based on pressure is disclosed. The ejector has a simple mechanical structure which comprises a nozzle for ejecting a first fluid; a diffuser into which a second fluid is drawn due to a negative pressure produced around the first fluid, where the first and second fluids are merged; a third-fluid chamber formed by first and second diaphragms attached to the needle, and the body of the ejector; and a fourth-fluid chamber formed by the second diaphragm and the body. The area of an opening around the needle in the opening at the head of the nozzle is changed by displacement of the needle along the central axis according to movement of first and second diaphragms which move in accordance with the pressure produced by the first fluid, the third fluid, and the fourth fluid.

Abstract: A combustor for waste gas treatment having a flame stabilizing zone surrounded by a peripheral wall and closed with a bottom wall. The flame stabilizing zone is provided to face a combustion chamber. Burner ports for auxiliary combustible gas are provided in the peripheral wall to inject an auxiliary combustible gas into the flame stabilizing zone so as to produce swirling flows. Burner ports for waste gas are provided in the bottom wall to inject a gas into the flame stabilizing zone.

Abstract: An air assisted spray nozzle assembly, having particular utility in spraying liquid coolants in continuous metal casting systems, which is adapted for operation with substantially reduced air consumption. The nozzle body includes a pre-atomizing unit that has a relatively small sized pressurized air inlet, a liquid impingement post with a uniquely configured impingement face for enhancing liquid breakdown and intermixing with a pressurized air stream from the air inlet, and an expansion chamber configured to reduce eddy currents that detract from efficient pre-atomization of the liquid. The spray nozzle further includes an elongated spray tip supporting barrel adapted for releasable mounting in the pre-atomizing head in predetermined rotational orientation relative to its longitudinal axis for properly receiving and supporting a removable spray tip.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved design for a spray gun and application system for cold gas dynamic spraying of a metal, alloy, polymer, or mechanical mixtures thereof. The gun includes a rear housing comprising a powder inlet and a gas inlet, a front housing removably affixed to the rear housing and comprising an mixing cavity therein for mixing of the powder and gas and an exit therefrom, a nozzle holder having a bore disposed therethrough and removably affixed to the front housing, and a nozzle positioned within the nozzle holder, an interior taper of the nozzle holder bore complementing an exterior taper of the nozzle, said nozzle having an initially converging, subsequently diverging centrally disposed bore therein adapted to receive the mixed powder and gas from the mixing chamber.