Abstract: Xenon is contained within articles of manufacture such as light bulbs. Described herein are an apparatus, system, a method to capture and collect the xenon contained in articles of manufacture such as defective light bulbs for recovery and/or reuse.

Abstract: Processes for grinding corn, ground corn products, and processes for making ethanol from the ground corn products. In some examples, a process for making ethanol can include introducing a plurality of corn pieces into a mill. The process can also include milling the corn pieces in the mill to produce a ground corn product. Greater than 25 wt % of the ground corn product can have a particle size of greater than 105 ?m, as measured according to AOAC 965.22-1966. Greater than 80 wt % of the ground corn product can have a particle size of 425 ?m or less, as measured according to AOAC 965.22-1966. The process can also include processing the ground corn product to produce a fermentation mash that can include ethanol and separating at least a portion of the ethanol from the fermentation mash to produce a stillage.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the production of graphene and similar atomic scale laminar materials by the delamination of a bulk laminar material where the apparatus includes a main pump (112) suitable for pumping a fluid, wherein the fluid includes a solid suspension of particles of the bulk laminar material, at a pressure of greater than 1 MPa, towards and in fluid communication with core components (10) that include a fluid conduit (12) and an impact head (16) that form an annular gap (20) of between 500 ?m and 1 ?m results between an end of the fluid conduit proximate to the impact head and the impact head and where the gap forms a continuous region surrounding the end of the fluid conduit that is substantially coplanar with the impact head where an impact head surround (26) extends the region in which the fluid is constrained before exiting the core components.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling a comminution process having a grinding circuit, includes an imaging system measuring 3D reconstruction measurement data for three-dimensional reconstruction of incoming ore; a particle size analysis equipment measuring particle size data for calculation of the particle size characteristic value of outgoing ore; an ore characteristics data calculation block receiving a particle size distribution profile of incoming ore and a particle size characteristic value of the outgoing ore, the particle size distribution profile being calculated and/or reconstructed from the 3D reconstruction measurement data for three-dimensional reconstruction, and the particle size characteristic value being calculated based on the measured particle size data, the ore characteristics data calculation block calculating ore characteristics data based on the particle size distribution profile and the particle size characteristic value; and a control block controlling the grinding circuit based on the calcu

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the control of Ostwald Ripening phenomenon occurring in particle suspensions without the need for addition of stabilizing agents, by using high pressure homogenization at mild conditions in a way that no increase or decrease in particle size occurs, thus allowing the stabilization of the suspension during the isolation step in the form of a dried powder.

Abstract: A device enables the more stable performance of uniform treatment such as reaction by reducing pulsation generated in a fluid introduced between treatment surfaces using a micropump effect. The device treats an object between treatment surfaces. The treatment is performed by introducing a fluid between the treatment surfaces using a micropump effect. The micropump effect generates force in the direction in which the treatment surfaces move away from each other by the rotation of a treatment part and the recessed section formed in the treatment surface to thereby produce the effect of introducing the fluid between the treatment surfaces. The recessed section is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction and inward/outward direction of the treatment surface, and multiple recessed sections are provided or an additional recessed section (?) different from the recessed sections is formed in at least one of the treatment surfaces.

Abstract: A dispersion of suspended single-layer graphene, multilayer graphene, and graphite is used. A magnetic field is applied to the dispersion to separate the single-layer graphene from the dispersion. By applying the magnetic field, the single-layer graphene, the multilayer graphene, and the graphite are situated at different locations in solvent by the difference in the diamagnetism strengths of the single-layer graphene, the multilayer graphene, and the graphite.

Abstract: A method for treating waste in a mechanical or mechanical-biological waste treatment plant is provided. Waste is introduced into the waste treatment plant at at least one input point, the waste is homogenized by way of at least one agitator and the consistency of the waste in the waste treatment plant is determined. Water or waste which has a higher water content than the waste in the waste treatment plant is added in one scenario. Water is removed or waste having a lower water content is added in another scenario. Further, the method involves transporting the introduced waste to at least one output point, and removing the waste. The waste treatment plant is subdivided into at least two zones and in each zone the consistency of the waste is regulated separately by the input of waste and/or addition or removal of water.

Abstract: A cleaning module for cleaning bone stock used in surgical procedures. The cleaning module includes a shell. The shell defines a void space to receive the bone stock. A cutter is located within the void space. A shaving tube is coaxially disposed about the cutter to move at different speeds and/or directions relative to the cutter. When actuated, the cutter rotates to clean the bone stock by cutting soft tissue from the bone stock. A tumble plate reorients the bone stock, while an arm moves across the tumble plate from a disengaged position to an engaged position to press the bone stock into the cutter through a window in the shaving tube. A drive assembly actuates the cutter, shaving tube, arm and tumble plate.

Abstract: A method for recycling adhesive-containing film waste. The film waste is initially coarsely chopped in a chopping device. A liquid or powdered additive that reduces the strength of the adhesive on the film waste is added to material in the chopping device or sprayed on components of the chopping device. The waste material exits the chopping device through a perforated sheet as clumps of material, which are then fed into an agglomerator, where they are agglomerated or compacted into strands of material. The temperature in the agglomerator is between 100 and 200 degrees C., i.e., below the melting point of the material of the film. The strands exiting the agglomerator are then cut to granule size.

Abstract: A hydraulic injection milling apparatus with classifying screen that includes a hydraulic fluid injected into an impactor during operation, wherein crushed material delivered to the impactor is reducible to specific-sized particles transmittable through an interchangeable classifying screen disposed underlying a delivery aperture in the impactor, said classifying screen including a plurality of fixed width, elongate apertures disposed in parallel upon a durable plate member, said crushed material thus reduced in the impactor and then classified through the classifying screen as fluid-borne sediment, deliverable for sorting and recovery, whereby coarse grain material is excluded by the classifying screen and yield from the impactor is increased by the hydraulic fluid washing sediment therefrom.

Abstract: A shredder for producing particles from a sheet material is disclosed herein. The shredder can have a longitudinal cutting device with a first cutting roller and a second cutting roller. A transverse cutting device can be positioned after the longitudinal cutting device. The first cutting roller and the second cutting roller can each have special profiles.

Abstract: There is provided a grain-milling machine capable of shortening the time required for lot changing and reducing electricity costs. A grain-milling machine comprising a vertical abrasive type grain-milling unit and a vertical friction type grain-milling unit mounted on a pedestal, the abrasive type grain-milling unit and friction type grain-milling unit being located on upper and lower portions of the pedestal, respectively, the abrasive type grain-milling unit including a milled grain discharge trough, the friction type grain-milling unit including a grain feed trough to which the milled grain discharge trough of the abrasive type grain milling unit is connected, and a two-way grain feed trough and change-over valve located above the abrasive type grain-milling unit and capable of selectively feeding grains either directly to the friction type grain-milling unit or to the friction type grain-milling unit via the abrasive type grain-milling unit.

Abstract: Milling apparatus suitable for mechano-chemical breakdown of contaminated media reliant upon housed ball mill units each able to be cradle mounted to receive a rotational drive of a shaft and to feed material downwardly from housing to housing.

Abstract: A system for breaking up caked materials in a hopper car having a gravity discharge outlet is shown. The system includes an agitator that is a compressible strut linked through a rod to an externally driven crank shaft and a crank arm disposed above the discharge outlet. The system further includes at least one energizing coil coupled with the strut that provides irresistible force to caked material in the vicinity of the strut to initiate crumbling when the crank shaft is rotated, and to progressively crumble caked material along the length of the coil. The system further may have scrubbing panels along slope sheets of the hopper coupled with the coil, and may have arch members coupled with the energizing coils to provide further progressive agitation of caked material in the hopper car.

Abstract: This disclosure is drawn to systems, devices, apparatuses, and/or methods, related to milling particles in drilling fluid. Specifically, the disclosed systems, devices, apparatuses, and/or methods relate to milling particles in drilling fluid using multiple milling techniques. Some example apparatuses may include a first mill to grind particles from the original diameter to a first reduced diameter, and a second mill to grind the particles from the first reduced diameter to a second reduced diameter, where the second reduced diameter is less than the first reduced diameter.

Abstract: A method, a system and a crushing plant for controlling a crushing process, which crushing plant includes a feeder for feeding material to be crushed to a crusher, a first crusher for crushing the fed material, a second crusher for crushing the crushed material and a conveyor for conveying the crushed material from said first crusher to said second crusher. A crushing plant includes measurement means for measuring the volume flow of the crushed material and control means for controlling the feeding speed of the material to be crushed responsive to change in the volume flow of the crushed material.

Abstract: A food processor includes a base, a container having a side wall and an open end including a rim, and a lid for engaging the open end of the container in an operating position and a storage position. The lid has a top wall with a first and second principal surface, an annular ledge with a first and second side, and a food chute extending from the first principal surface generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the top wall. The food chute has a length and extends away from the container with the second side of the annular ledge contacting the rim of the container when the lid is in the operating position. When the lid is in the storage position, the food chute extends into an interior of the container with the first side of the annular ledge contacting the rim of the container.

Abstract: A scrapped glass pulverizing device includes a vibration crushing device. The vibration crushing device includes a vibration hammer, a vibration generator that controls vibration of the vibration hammer up and down, and a crushing platform arranged below the vibration hammer and supports scrapped glass.

Abstract: A system for processing a supply of post consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The system includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried in a dryer and compacted in a compactor without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: A shredder for producing particles from a sheet material is disclosed herein. The shredder can have a longitudinal cutting device with a first cutting roller and a second cutting roller. A transverse cutting device can be positioned after the longitudinal cutting device. The first cutting roller and the second cutting roller can each have special profiles.

Abstract: An asphalt roofing material recycling system and method is used to recycle new and used asphalt materials. The asphalt material is broken up and separated. Dry ice may be added to the recycler and/or a jacket coolant used to cool the recycling vessel. The recycle vessel includes a number of high speed choppers having a blunt end as well as a horizontal mixer element with paddles. The recycled asphalt material is provided to a screener that may feature a plurality of sloping levels, each level including a tray below a screen and balls located within the tray that bounce due to vibration to prevent clogging of the screener. A second processing trip involving gravity feeding the material to be further recycled into a cutter with knife edges to further break down the size of the asphalt material is used for large particles that do not pass through the screener.

Abstract: A method and system for processing biomass material from harvest to pelletizing includes a continuous shredding stage and grinding stage to reduce the size of the material. A fan pulls air through the shredder and the grinder to assist the movement of the biomass material through the shredder and the grinder. Due to the light weight of the biomass material, the material is transported between the shredding and grinding stages mechanically and pneumatically by a combination auger with air assist. The biomass material may include agricultural residues, such as corn stover. The process and equipment eliminates or minimizes damage to the carbohydrates in the biomass so as to maintain pre-grinding cellulose and hemi-cellulose levels.

Abstract: An apparatus wherein the gas enters from an opening 4 located in a part of a compaction chamber 3 and is dragged through a granulator 5, a fractioning device 12, a special cyclone 11 and a filter system 8A to a suction fan, which creates a gas stream. In such apparatus the bulk to be compacted 1, the fine particles to be compacted again and the compacted bulk have the same flow direction than the carrier gas. Due to its complete or partial impermeability, the structure of the apparatus makes also possible the use of a gas different from normal air. This is important when the bulk is sensible to oxygen.

Abstract: A system and method for extracting an inner layer (e.g., an inner gypsum layer) from a multi-layered construction panel (e.g., gypsum board, plaster board, drywall, etc.) and utilizing the extracted layer to construct a recycled construction panel is presented. In particular, the present invention comprises an extraction assembly structured to cut or otherwise remove the outer, paper layers from the construction panel, leaving the inner, gypsum layer. The inner layer is then fed into a crashing assembly structured to break the layer into a plurality of pieces. The plurality of pieces are transported or fed into a milling assembly where a smaller or powdery substance is obtained. From that substance, a new construction panel (or inner, gypsum layer) can be constructed.

Abstract: An asphalt roofing material recycling system and method is used to recycle new and used (post consumer) asphalt materials, such as asphalt shingles, rolled roofing and tar paper that may include granules, fibers or other particles. The asphalt material, which may be in bundles, is broken up and separated and then provided to a cooled recycling vessel. Dry ice is added along with the asphalt material to be recycled. The dry ice removes any moisture present and super-cools the material making it brittle and easier to chip and break up. The recycle vessel includes a number of high speed shippers having tulip hear chipping teeth as well as one horizontal mixer element which stirs the material and makes sure all material is ground. The resulting course to fine powder can be separated by screening and stored as power or compressed into bricks or briquettes.

Abstract: One aspect is a method of recovering minerals. The method includes heating aggregated minerals with microwave energy. The aggregated minerals consists of at least a first and a second mineral bound together, the first and second minerals each having different differential thermal expansion rates such that fractures occur between the minerals of the aggregated minerals. The fractured minerals are subjected to microwave heating to induce fractures between and separation of the at least first and second minerals, and also to ultrasound energy causing further size reduction. The fractured and size-reduced minerals are heated with microwave energy. The fractured and size-reduced minerals consist of metal-containing materials, such that metal-containing materials are heated to at least the melting temperature of one of the metals in the metal-containing materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a submicron polymer powder from solid polymer bodies or coarse particles, preferably of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, wherein powder is ground into fibrous particles in the first stage and is disintegrated into submicron particles by aerodynamic treatment in the second stage, where a gas-particle mixture is subject to the effect of centrifugal forces and suction forces acting in the direction opposite to the centrifugal forces, a pulsating sign-alternating temperature field generated by a pulsed supply of liquid nitrogen, turbulent forces of vortexes, and aerodynamic forces that cause alternating compression and expansion of the gas-particle mixture.

Abstract: Methods for creating a proppant of a specific size from a slurry extracted from a fractured hydrocarbon well is provided, including the steps of separating water from the slurry, resulting in a solid stream and a liquid stream; mixing the slurry stream with particulate, resulting in a feed material; fusing proppant material in the feed material; quenching the fused proppant material; breaking the fused proppant material; sizing the broken material for the specific size; and mixing broken material that is not of the specific size with the feed material. A system for performing the method is also described.

Abstract: A continuous kneading apparatus including: a stationary portion having an internal space where matter is conveyed; a rotary disc member and a screw member which are configured to convey the matter in the internal space; a drive shaft member to which the rotary disc member and the screw member are fixed; and a cooling medium passage through which a cooling medium passes, wherein the cooling medium passage is provided for the screw member which is placed upstream of the rotary disc member with respect to the conveyance direction of the matter, wherein the cooling medium passing in the cooling medium passage is lower in temperature than the matter passing in the internal space, and wherein the matter passes in the internal space while provided with shear force by rotation of the drive shaft member and thus continuously kneaded, and while cooled by the cooling medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rock crushing apparatus. Known apparatus operate on the distinct principles of compression crushing (compression between moving surfaces) or impact crushing (compression via high velocity rock impacting a surface). Both types of apparatus have disadvantages in the quality of the crushed product, energy inefficiency or high rotor wear rates. The apparatus (1) comprises a rotor (2) comprising a number of reciprocating (11) and fixed compression crushing elements (12, 13) to compression crush the rock between adjacent reciprocating and fixed surfaces. The positioning of these elements (11, 12, 13) within the rotor performs an arresting action on the rock to limit the maximum radial velocity (Vr) the rock attains before its ejection from the compression crushing elements (11, 12, 13) for impact crushing on an adjacent surface. In this way the disadvantages of compression and impact crushing are minimised to produce a superior product.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a system and process for reducing the size of solid particles are disclosed. In one embodiment the system includes a cavitation processor and a comminution processor in physical communication with one another to reduce the size of solid particles. In another embodiment, a process for reducing the size of solid particles includes passing the solid particles sequentially through a cavitation processor and a comminution processor which are in physical communication with one another. Examples of solid particles which may be used in the system and process herein, include pharmaceuticals, foods, inks and paints.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method to process compostable waste. The apparatus includes a shredding module, a grinding module, and a bagging module. The shredding module may operate to shred non-food compostable waste into shredded waste. The grinding module may operate to combine the shredded waste with food waste into combined waste, add water to the combined waste if an insufficient moisture condition exists for further processing, and grind the combined waste into particulate waste. The bagging module may operate to bag the particulate waste into a compostable bag.

Abstract: The invention discloses a system for processing bone product comprising at least a mincer and a comminuter (10), a method to operate such a system and a comminuter (10) for use in such a system and method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transfer unit having a transfer rotor and a food waste treatment apparatus using the transfer unit. The transfer unit includes the transfer rotor, a housing and a sieve. The transfer rotor includes a rotor body, and at least one blade provided on the circumferential outer surface of the rotor body. The housing has a hollow container shape and contains the transfer rotor therein such that the transfer rotor is rotatable without interference from the housing. The housing is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane. The sieve is provided in the housing to guide discharge of sewage from food waste. The sieve is disposed in the lower portion of the housing to drain the sewage generated from the food waste to the outside of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides an in-line system for milling sorbent material to be used in a pneumatic conveying system. The system provides for optimal particle size in a duct injection system, regardless of the original sorbent particle size, and is designed to prevent clogging of the milled material through the system. Methods of operation for milling, as well as cleaning the mills while providing various sorbent material by-pass configurations to minimize system down-time while enhancing material throughput and that support the unique aspects of the system, are also described in detail below.

Abstract: An integrated unit (1) for the treatment of drill cuttings, comprising one or more drill cutting inlets (2), one or more water inlets (4), one or more binder inlets (3) and one or more additive inlets (6). One or more measuring devices are arranged for measuring the composition of the drill cuttings furnished to the unit. One or more dosage units are arranged for furnishing the required amount of binder or additive respectively. The device further comprises a mixing (7) unit arranged for mixing the compounds and a first granulation unit (8) for milling, granulating, setting and hardening the mixture. The invention further describes a method for the treatment of drill cuttings and the use of an integrated unit on an off-shore drilling unit.

Abstract: A food processor having a dicing tool and a cleaning tool to clean out the dicing tool.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for crushing material, particularly mined material, are disclosed. In one embodiment two or more pairs of crushing rolls successively crush mined material. The pairs of crushing rolls are arranged and operated so that an upstream pair of rolls produces a feed, preferably a pressurized feed, for a downstream pair of rolls. In another embodiment, at least an upstream pair of rolls is driven intermittently, for example, by means of a stepping motor to provide stepped rotational movement of the rolls.

Abstract: A wood chipper having a rotatable disc that contains a series of slots that pass through the disc. A primary chipper knife is located at the entrance of each slot which separates slices from a work piece and directs the slices through the slot. A counter knife unit is mounted within each slot for engaging the slices leaving the primary chipper knife to reduce the size of the chips as they move through the slot. The counter knife unit contains a first series of spaced apart chip contact elements that have a first height to contact the slices as they leave the primary chipper knife to reduce the size of the slices. The counter knife further contains a second series of chip contact elements that have a second height that is less than that of the chip contact element in the first series. Each contact element in the second series is arranged to contact chips leaving the contact elements in the first series to further reducing the size of the chips.

Abstract: Material to be processed, such as sludge, is deposited into the trough having an auger operating at a rotational speed and direction so as to force the material received within the trough upstream against a rigid surface for breaking up the sludge. A cutting fluid is added to the trough for diluting the sludge and enhancing a flow of the broken up sludge downstream under a force of gravity, allowing the sludge to enter a chopper, where it is chopped to a desired consistency before being pumped to a desired location. The diluted sludge may be filtered prior to chopping. A hopper and cutter may be used to receive the unprocessed sludge for cutting prior to being deposited into the trough. As a result, sludge in ranges from soft to hard states is converted to a fluid form capable of being pumped.

Abstract: A milling station and a method for grinding milling material using at least one coarse grinding circuit and at least one fine grinding circuit. The coarse grinding circuit includes a classifier and a material bed roller mill. The fine grinding circuit includes a tube mill with at least two grinding chambers, a central outlet, and a divider. In some instances, at least some of the milling material from the coarse grinding circuit is subdivided in the divider and delivered to the at least two grinding chambers of the fine grinding circuit while some of the milling material is jointly discharged from the at least two grinding chambers through the central outlet.

Abstract: A shredder is disclosed having a dual stage cutting mechanism. The dual stage cutting mechanism generally includes two pairs of cutters for performing two distinct cutting operations. The pair of first cutters is configured to pierce rows of staggered cross-cuts into material to create a waffle-like pattern. Disposed below the pair of first cutters, the pair of second cutters is configured to strip cut the pierced material.

Abstract: A clean dry white glass powder useful as a substitute for Portland cement in concrete, in paints, and for other known uses for glass powder produced conventionally can be produced from unsorted post-consumer waste glass, including a substantial fraction of non-glass items, by employing glass pulverizing equipment to reduce waste glass to small fragments, allowing removal of trash, employing a multistep washing process to clean the glass fragments, in the preferred embodiment using aggregate cleaning equipment, drying the fragments, preferably using fluidized bed techniques, and grinding the glass to a desired particle size, preferably using a ball mill, in combination with an air classification step to produce a bright white glass powder of uniform particle size.

Abstract: A shredder for producing particles from a sheet material is disclosed herein. The shredder can have a longitudinal cutting device with a first cutting roller and a second cutting roller. A transverse cutting device can be positioned after the longitudinal cutting device. The first cutting roller and the second cutting roller can each have special profiles.

Abstract: A disc type wood chipper that utilizes a high percentage of the energy required for chipping but not substantially utilized in the material size reduction within the machine to produce chips of a small enough size such that the chips produced can be turned into wood flour or wood pellets with the expenditure of very little additional energy.

Abstract: An agitating ball mill includes a comminution vessel surrounding an agitating shaft which is provided with a product inlet and a product outlet, wherein the comminution media located within the comminution vessel is activated through the rotation of the agitating shaft and held back in the comminution chamber by a separating and/or pre-classifying device. For optimum energy and space utilisation a pre-crushing device is arranged upstream of the comminution chamber. The pre-crushing device includes either a static or dynamic gap guard.

Abstract: A mill for grinding seasonings, particularly moist salts such as Guérande salt, includes a body and a cap covering the body. A drive shaft is received within the body and has a device for breaking up the seasoning.

Abstract: An apparatus for comminuting large pieces of cuttable material, particularly bales of rubber, is provided. The apparatus includes a first comminuting stage for carrying out a pre-comminuting, and a second comminuting stage for carrying out a fine comminuting, whereby the second comminuting stage includes a comminuting system that rotates around an axis of rotation, to which the material is conveyed via a supply channel. The first comminuting stage is integrated in the supply channel to the second comminuting stage. In this way, a largely even feeding of material to the second comminuting stage can be achieved so that comparatively low machine performances are sufficient and the performance capacity of the second comminuting stage can be better utilized.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blasting medium picking-apart device comprising: a hopper-shaped container having an upper opening through which a blasting medium is put in; a blade attached to a rotary shaft which is mounted along the central axis of the container, for applying a shear force to the blasting medium when the blade is rotated; a first shearing plate attached to an inner surface of the container for applying a shear force to the blasting medium between the rotating blade and the first shearing plate; an annular horizontal plane fixed to a lower opening of the container; a rotary plate which is attached to the rotary shaft, and is disposed opposite to the horizontal plane with a predetermined space therebetween; a second shearing plate attached to the rotary plate; and a rotation drive section for driving the blade and the rotary plate for rotation via the rotary shaft.