Abstract: A high pressure roller press formed between opposed cylindrical rollers mounted to perform interparticle crushing or product bed comminution in the nip and having pockets in the surface of a size to retain compressed fine grained material which is pressed in the nip with the compressed material in the pockets being retained for full revolutions of the rollers and coacting with hard portions between the pockets to form the product bed comminution against material passing through the nip and drawing material into the nip.

Abstract: A roller mill assembly composed of a pair of rollers spaced apart to form a crushing zone therebetween and having recesses which are dimensioned and shaped so that during the grinding process feed material is embedded in the recesses and fills them to increase the draw of feed material into the crushing zone.

Abstract: A trash compactor for use within the box of an automotive garbage truck, comprising: (a) a pair of conveyors arranged in a V-shape laid on its side, the first conveyor being horizontal and supporting and moving a trash load from a trash loading area, through a trash compacting area, to a compacted trash unloading area, the second conveyor being inclined upwardly. A plurality of crushing plates are axially carried by rotatable shafts transversely of each conveyor, for crushing trash at the trash compacting area which is at the apex of the conveyors V-trough. The top run of the second conveyor transfers compacted trash from the compacted trash unloading area to a trash storage area within the box; wherein compacted trash will by evenly distributed within the box trash storage area of the garbage truck, for efficient use of available space.

Abstract: Wear-resistant armoring on the outer surface of a roller for a high pressure roller press capable of interparticle crushing of granular material wherein the armoring is composed of axially extending welding beads horizontally welded along the roller either without spacing from one another or with slight spacing.

Abstract: An improved half-billet control device in apparatus for separating sugarcane (or the like) into constituent parts and an improved method for half-billet control. The device has a rotatable gide roll in proximity to a planar slide and transverse to the direction of half-billet movement. The guide roll has annular flexible projections, preferably bristle rows, which are parallel to the direction of half-billet movement, perpendicular to the slide, and spaced apart by a distance substantially less than the average billet diameter. Half billets moving along the slide nestle between projections and are thereby reoriented as needed to align their longitudinal axes parallel to the direction of movement.

Abstract: A shredding machine for shredding vehicle tires and various other materials includes a pair of rotatable shafts and a cutting block mounted within a frame. The cutting block includes a top surface and a plurality of slots extending downwardly from the top surface and located on each side of the cutting block. The top surface of the block and each of the slots define respective U-shaped cutting edges. The shafts are rotatably mounted on the frame on opposite sides of the cutting block. Each shaft includes a plurality of cutting teeth which are spirally arranged along the length of each shaft. Each shaft may include one or more spirals of cutting teeth. The shafts are rotated in opposite directions relative to one another with one or more of the cutting teeth on each shaft being rotated through a respective slot in cutting engagement with the U-shaped cutting edge of the slot.

Abstract: A roller mill system (10) for grains such as wheat provides a frame structure (12), power apparatus (14), and first, second and third roller structures (16,18,20) collectively presenting an inverted pyramidal configuration. In this fashion three rollers (76,90,102) provide two nips or passages (122,124), thus eliminating the need for a fourth roller as in conventional two-passsage mills. Grain or the like is fed from grain hopper (38) into passage (122) where it undergoes processing action such as mashing or crimping. The grain is then transported to passage (124) for a second processing action. The processed grain, which is now reduced in particle size, is conveyed to a collection site (146) for further processing or packaging. Due to the relative angular velocities of rollers (76,90,102), all grain is transported to second passage (124) and virtually none escapes through passage (126). This is true despite the lack of any feeding mechanism to introduce the processed grain from (122) to passage (124).

Abstract: A compact apparatus for processing disposable containers at their collecting site uses a single pair of counter-rotating crushing rollers mounted one above the other. The containers are dropped against the upper surface of an indented feeding roller parallel and adjacent to the lower crushing roller. The cans are caught by a the peripheral indentations of the feeding rollers and horizontally kicked between the merging surfaces of the crushing rollers. An indented take-up roller on the opposite side of the lowest crushing roller catches the crushed containers and propels them obliquely upwards into a collecting bin.

Abstract: The invention is characterized in that at least one tray for the stack(s) of paper is arranged on the top of the document shredder. As a result, the document shredder requires a smaller installation area. Futhermore, the stability of the document shredder is improved. Since the stacks of paper are positioned at working height, the document shredder is extremely convenient to operate. The design according to the invention also allows a cost saving.

Abstract: A knife assembly having a mounting flange defining an abutting surface and knives extending radially outwardly from the mounting flange. A first knife defines a first distal point extending in a direction circumferentially around the mounting flange. A second knife extends radially outwardly from the mounting flange and defines a second distal point extending in the same circumferential direction as the first distal point, and also defines a third distal point extending in the opposite circumferential direction as the first and second distal points. Numerous knife assemblies are spaced along inwardly, counterrotating drive shafts of an industrial refuse shredder. Material is comminuted between the inwardly counterrotating knife assemblies of the shredder.

Abstract: An energy efficient "large bore" dual auger shredder that is adaptable to waste of different characters and constituents and is capable of conveniently handling large scale bulk is described. Counter-rotating tapered auger screws are mounted on parallel axes in a frame that includes a hopper beneath the axis of the screws that on each side essentially corresponds to the conical taper of the screws. A central exit opening is formed in the hopper bottom beneath the screw axes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-feeding wood chunker having cutting instruments (1, 2) rotating in opposite directions but with the same speed, which have, on surfaces facing one another, at least one cutting blade (3.sub.1, 3.sub.2 and 4.sub.1, 4.sub.2), the blades being curved in the direction of rotation such that the leading part (3a, 4a) thereof is nearer to the periphery of the respective cutting instrument and that the trailing part (3a, 4a) thereof is nearer to the axis of rotation (1a, 2a) of the respective cutting instrument. According to the invention, the cutting instruments (1, 2) are arranged with the axes of rotation (1a, 1b) displaced a definite distance (B) from one another.

Abstract: A housing for a paper shredder with a slit-like paper feed disposed on one side of the housing and a slit-like paper discharge disposed on the opposite side of the housing. The housing has an elongated shape, the dimension of length being a multiple of the dimension in width, where on each narrow side of the paper discharge support surfaces are disposed, with which the paper shredder can be placed on a waste receptacle. The width of the support surface is selected such, that one of the support surfaces is considerably larger than the width of the edge of the waste receptacle, while the other support surface has a width only negligibly greater than the width of the edge of the waste receptacle. It is additionally possible to provide a clamping device in the area of one support surface as security against sliding of the paper shredder placed on the waste receptacle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for the crushing of clay-like mineral materials to prepare them for a subsequent process such as brick-making, the machine comprising a pair of parallel rotors defining therebetween a crushing gap, and a perforated grid adjacent one or each rotor to define therewith a sizing gap.

Abstract: The invention is characterized in that at least one tray for the stack(s) of paper is arranged on the top of the document shredder. As a result, the document shredder requires a smaller installation area. Furthermore, the stability of the document shredder is improved. Since the stacks of paper are positioned at working height, the document shredder is extremely convenient to operate. The design according to the invention also allows a cost saving.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the pulping characteristics of wood chips in which a pair of closely operating rolls are provided for supplying compressive force to chips passed therebetween, at least one roll having an aggressively contoured surface for causing chips to crack in the thickness dimension of the chip as compressive force is applied to the chip.

Abstract: A dual auger shredder having a grinding chamber within which is mounted a pair of screw augers, each having tapered flights and oriented opposite to each other, and a bottom including a pair of closure doors. The tapered auger screws provide an uneven surface to material fed downwardly from above the grinding chamber and the working edges of the tapered flights are exposed so that the corners and edges of large-surfaced materials such as wood pallets or wooden crates are engaged by the flights and compressed towards the center of the grinding chamber. The bottom closure panels are positioned beneath the screw augers, extend axially relative to them and are akewed so that they follow the tapered contour of the flights. The closure panels are selectively positionable to form an opening of a variable and predetermined size such that material deposited within the grinding chamber is retained therein and reduced in size until sufficiently small to pass through the opening.

Abstract: A paper shredder for accommodating paper of varying stacks of thickness bound together with staples and the like. A pair of low speed feed rollers are disposed within the device for engaging the paper and for moving the paper into a contoured throat which guides the paper into a primary brush assembly having a set of wire bristles that are rotating at a very high rate of speed. As the paper makes contact with the wire bristles, the paper is pulled along the throat, and simultaneously shredded as it is pulled into the shredding chamber. A stationary wire brush assembly is mounted within the shredding chamber includes a set of long wire bristles that permits the bristles of the two brush assemblies to mesh so that as the bristles of the primary brush assembly are rotated they mesh with the bristles of the stationary brush assembly thereby discharging the shredded paper bits, staples, paper clips and other objects that become lodged in the primary brush bristles the shredding chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus is for crushing at least one of a plurality of metal cans having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined length less than about twice the predetermined diameter. The apparatus includes a pair of cylindrical rollers mounted for rotation in opposite directions about parallel horizontal axes with a predetermined distance therebetween. Each of the rollers has a predetermined roller diameter greater than four times the predetermined diameter of the can. An array of extensions on the cylindrical surface of each of the rollers extends a predetermined height from the cylindrical surface and is separated from adjacent extensions on the cylindrical surface to cause the extensions of the array to cover less than ten percent of the cylindrical surface to allow general alignment of and positioning of the metal cans therebetween.

Abstract: A paper shredding device for separating and shredding a carbon paper sheet from a credit card invoice slip having a first original copy separated by a carbon paper sheet from a second copy has a rectangular housing which encloses a rotationally driven cutter roller and a pair of adjacent idling anvil rollers. An insertion slot is formed in an end wall of the housing and communicates with an internal channel. A pair of vertically spaced perforated vacuum plates form ceiling and floor portions of the channel adjacent the insertion slot. Upper and lower receptacles are provided and each communicate via a slot with the internal channel. In use, the original copy and the second copy are directed respectively to the upper and lower receptacles and the carbon paper sheet is directed through the internal channel to the cutter roller for shredding. A microswitch is provided for actuating the vacuum plates and cutter roller upon insertion of a credit card invoice into the insertion slot.

Abstract: Apparatus for comminuting scrap in ribbon or strip form from, for example, steel plate into short sections attains a reduced-noise comminuting arrangement of simple construction, and also processes materials of different thicknesses without any readjustment, the apparatus having with two rotors which are driven synchronously in opposite directions and each having knives which project at the periphery of the rotors and which, when they met, carry out a shearing cut, and moreover with two mutually meshing toothed wheels for driving the knife rotors mounted on shafts so that they cannot twist and with a fixed distance between axes, one of the toothed wheels being seated on the shaft of the first rotor and driving this shaft while the other is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft belonging to the second rotor and drives this shaft over a driving mechanism elastically supported in the direction of rotation.

Abstract: The cooperating surfaces defining a pressing nip in a chip crusher are formed with specific patterns to treat the chips by fissuring to facilitate penetration by cooking chemical for the making of pulp for papermaking and the like. One of the surfaces is provided with a plurality of land areas separated by valleys, the land areas being substantially continuous and extending in the direction of movement of the surface as it passes through the crushing nip. The surface cooperates with the surface of a roll which defines the other side of the nip, the roll surface is provided with a plurality of teeth with the crown of each tooth defining a line preferably extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the roll surface through the nip.

Abstract: A rotary cutter assembly and means for cutting and scoring a continuous web of shredded grain product which includes in combination slitting means which receives the web from a conveyor, cuts the web in the linear direction, and transfers the web in the machine direction. The assembly also includes a driven cutter wheel arranged separately from the slitting means which receives the continuous web after it has been slit, cuts, crimps and scores the web in the transverse direction at selected intervals. An endless transfer belt is mounted on the cutter wheel and is driven by the wheel whereby the web is transferred in the machine direction.

Abstract: Roasted coffee is ground by passage through grinding and regrinding steps, each step being characterized by having the rolls thereof in each pair thereof moving linearly at the same speed to produce a granulized coffee, the coffee being ground substantially in a single bean dimension and being thereby discretely cracked.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dehydrating a metal hydroxide sludge, including depositing the concentrated metal hydroxide sludge containing approximately 60-80% water into a feed hopper, breaking up the concentrated sludge with rotary beaters and preferably a rotary breaker bar, then transferring the broken sludge through a feed auger to an elongated dehydrater chamber in which the sludge is conveyed longitudinally along the dehydrater chamber by a dryer auger continuously in contact with a longitudinally flowing hot gas. The moisture-laden hot gas is exhausted from the outlet end of the dehydrater chamber while the dryed sludge is deposited through a discharge port.

Abstract: A device for disintegration of wood material such as roundwood, tree-tops, branches, waste wood, etc to firewood of a suitable length, said device comprising cutting members for the disintegration. In order to reduce the energy need the invention device comprises two cutting members which rotate in opposite directions and are provided with knives on their insides, one of the two cutting members being arranged to actuate by its knife material fed between the two cutting members in one direction while the other cutting member is arranged to actuate by its knife the material in the opposite direction for cutting off the material between the knives of the two cutting members.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing crushing rolls from a crushing apparatus is disclosed in which arms means mounted on a movable frame supporting movable crushing rolls which move with the movable frame are utilized to remove stationary crushing rolls mounted on a stationary supporting frame to a position at which the stationary rolls may be lifted from the crushing apparatus. With the stationary and movable frames adjacent to each other, the arm means are placed in supporting engagement with the stationary crushing rolls mounted on the stationary frame. The crushing rolls mounted on the stationary frame are then released from its support so that the stationary crushing rolls are supported by the arm means. The movable frame is then moved away from the stationary frame to move the stationary crushing rolls supported by the arm means to a position at which the stationary crushing rolls may be lifted from the arm means.

Abstract: A roller mill for cracking or crimping oats or the like is constructed with a cam adjustment which will positively maintain the rollers at an adjustably selected minimum spacing and which can be readily adjusted to establish a wider spacing for handling coarser materials or to clear obstructions from the rollers.

Abstract: The invention describes a new type of automation for a roller carriage. The amount of product conveyed to the roller carriage is constantly subject to fluctuations, and is determined by a mechanical probe. A corresponding signal directly activates a pneumatic valve, and control pressure adjusts the instantaneous performance of the grinding rolls. The pneumatic valve has a so-called zero position, and becomes a follower control device by means of servo-media and the adjusting mechanism of the performance-dependent elements in the roller carriage. At the same time, the control pressure in the pneumatic valve can start and stop the grinding rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus for the excision and removal of blocks from a stock of silage, having a frame to which prongs are fastened parallel to one another and a knife which is fastened to a support which can be driven as a carriage on a U-shaped track at a distance above the plane formed by the prongs corresponding approximately to the length of the knife. Behind the prongs, a feed container is disposed whose front side is open, whose rear wall is in the form of a scraper flight conveyor, and which has a lateral opening for dispensing the feed. The entire apparatus can be pivoted about 90 degrees after a block of feed has been excised, so that then the scraper flight conveyor forms the bottom side of the feed container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removal of glass from metal surfaces, as for example, glass tubing from aspiration cast rods, is provided in which the glass coated metal is passed between a pair of spaced driven rolls, one being a resilient roll and the other a toothed metal roll, said rolls being adjustable to vary the spacing therebetween dependent upon the thickness of metal being cleaned, whereby the glass coating is broken into small fragments by the toothed roll.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for separating fibers from agglomerated masses thereof is disclosed, and achieved by paired rolls having roll surfaces with randomly disposed protuberances thereon, such protuberances being initially deformed randomly as the roll surfaces approach complete conjugacy and being further deformed as the roll surfaces move into complete conjugacy to induce shearing and tearing action on the agglomerated fiber masses therebetween to separate discrete fibers therefrom. The roll surfaces are characterized by each having the elastomeric roll surface thereof with a Poisson ratio different from the Poisson ratio of the other.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of recovering filler from a sanitary pad. The pad typically has a film backing and a cover sheet and filler therebetween. Such a pad is laid out flat and advanced through a cutter which opens up the cover to expose the filler. The filler is sucked from the pad for salvage and the film backing is discarded.

Abstract: An apparatus for granulating articles into particles for reuse, having a force feed mechanism that urges the articles into the grinder chamber. The apparatus has a chute for inserting articles, and the grinder chamber encloses rotor knives that are rotated past stationary knives. The force feed assembly is mounted above the grinder chamber and includes a rotating shaft driven by a motor separate from the grinder assembly motors. A series of plates are mounted to the shaft at intervals. The plates have teeth on the edge for grabbing and tearing articles. Webs are mounted between the plates for pushing the articles into the grinder chamber.

Abstract: The process of milling wheat to produce a large proportion of coarse farina in which double tempered wheat is passed through a series of four identical sets of deeply and coarsely corrugated break rolls run sharp to sharp. The output of each roll is separated in size ranges. Substantially oversized particles from each break roll set are fed into the next break roll set in the series. Slightly oversized particles are fed through corrugated rolls to slightly reduce the size thereof, and to remove bran coat therefrom. Properly sized particles are air purified to remove bran particles and oversized bran particles are passed through additional breaking roll operations to further separate any endosperm particles therefrom.

Abstract: A mobile tree removing apparatus includes an elongate extensible and retractable boom structure mounted on a vehicle such as a truck. A cutting device is mounted on the outer end of the boom structure and includes a housing having a plurality of cutting members positioned therein. Adjacent cutting members cooperate with each other to cut an entire standing tree including the trunk and limbs thereof into chips. The chips are impelled through a conduit connected to the housing by action of a vacuum pump mounted on a truck.

Abstract: A seed mill is described, particularly suitable for grinding wheat to produce flour for home-made bread, in which two rollers are rotatable with respect to one another in an open topped housing which is formed in two parts. The rollers are horizontally and vertically offset with respect to one another. An adjustment screw is provided to pivot the two housing parts towards and away from one another whereby a fine adjustment of the spacing between the rollers can be achieved.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for conveying and disintegrating refuse and the like comprising a plurality of mutually cooperating, rotatable feed screws arranged in a common feeding-in chamber. The direction of rotation of at least one of said screws is intermittently reversed relative to at least one other of said screws according to a predetermined program for temporarily feeding part of said refuse backwards.

Abstract: A dispensing apparatus for filling a plurality of drinking containers positioned in predetermined locations on a tray dispenses ice, water, or both. The apparatus has a storage hopper for containing a supply of ice, the hopper having a discharge opening at the bottom which communicates with a gate for controlling the flow of ice from the discharge opening. A plurality of generally upright chutes is positioned below the gate and extends from the gate to a receiving chamber near the base of the apparatus. The tray and drinking containers are positioned in the chamber and receive ice from the chutes, the outlet of each chute being positioned over one of the drinking containers. Ice flow from the hopper to the chutes is selectively arrested by the gate which includes a plurality of rigid, elongated members, all of which are disposed in side-by-side relationship with their longitudinal axes being parallel.

Abstract: A crusher includes a housing having an internal conduit for directing the advance of material therethrough. A plurality of cooperative pairs of rotatable crush rollers are disposed within the conduit. An endless flexible chain is operatively arranged to rotate each crush roller in a direction to cause material to be advanced through the crusher. Material to be crushed enters the conduit through an inlet and is progressively crushed between the rollers of each successively encountered pair. Crushed material is separated by size and discharged from the crusher via an outlet chute. The spacing between the bottom cooperative pair of crush rollers may be adjusted by selective rotation of a cam member.

Abstract: A system for producing cracker meal by reclaiming baked products such as crackers and cookies from broken and rejected packages. The packages are shredded to break up the product and reduce the packaging material to strips so as to release most of the product from the confinement of the package. The strips of packaging material which are free of product are separated by aspiration from the product prices and the package portions, such as corners, still containing product pieces. The product pieces and remaining wrapper sections are passed through a mill which reduces the product pieces to a fine meal without cutting the wrapper pieces. The cracker meal is separated from these wrapper pieces by means of a shaker screen.