Abstract: At present, the unblocking of the primary crusher is carried out manually or using mechanical equipment which means the crusher stops for a long time and is less available. There is also a high level of exposure to the risks associated to unblocking procedures. Due to the above, a robot system and method have been developed for unblocking primary crushers. The system is composed mainly of an anthropomorphous robotic manipulator of at least 5 degrees of freedom, and a system to unclog or release the crusher. In this regard, most of the problems associated to the safety of the people and less availability decrease.

Abstract: The present invention provides a control method for superfine powder grinding industrial waste slag in an energy-saving and environmental-friendly type of closed cycle with high yield and the apparatus for the same. The method combines a drying process and a powder grinding process, adopts an in-line monitoring process, automatically adjusts and controls the operating parameters. Therefore, the invention changes the conventional open cycle into a closed cycle, shortens the cycle, achieves the automatic control and adjustment of the operating parameters, and obtains the superfine product with high yield. So the invention enhances the application value of industrial waste slag, extends the applicable field of industrial waste slag, and increases the extra value of final product.

Abstract: The present invention is a truck for paper shredding including means to lift containers of paper, dump them into a shredder. The shreds fall into a hopper from where a ram then compresses and moves the shreds to a storage unit, This compression allows the unit to process significantly more paper shreds before being required to drive to a dumping location.

Abstract: A measuring instrument for indicating the load in a gyratory crusher includes a first measuring device for measuring at least one instantaneous load on the crusher, a second measuring device for measuring the gyrating position of the inner shell relative to the outer shell, and a correlating device adapted to match said at least one instantaneous load on the crusher with a corresponding measured gyrating position of the inner shell relative to the outer shell.

Abstract: A liquid level sensing assembly employs an inductive or magnetic coupling to wirelessly communicate a plurality of signals based on a changing level of wastewater in a tank to a first coil of a pump/alarm control circuit in the grinder pump. The assembly includes at least one liquid level sensor operable in response to the changing level of the wastewater, a second coil positionable adjacent to the first coil in the grinder pump, and a transponder for extracting electrical energy using the second coil in response to the first coil. The transponder is operably connected to the at least one liquid level sensor and operable to wirelessly transmit from the second coil to the first coil the plurality of signals based on the state of the at least one liquid level sensor due to the changing level of the wastewater in the tank.

Abstract: A substrate destruction apparatus for destruction of paper and optical discs, wherein first and second shafts are used for shredding paper fed through a paper receiving opening and second shaft is shared such that the second shaft and a stationary structure are used to damage optical discs. First and second shafts are provided with a plurality of cutter elements that interleave with when rotated relative to each other during use in a paper mode. When the apparatus is operated in a disc destruction mode, the shared second shaft is rotated in an opposite direction than the paper shredding direction and interleaves with the stationary structure to at least damage an optical disc fed through the disc receiving opening. Cutting elements on the second shaft have radial projections and protrusions for damaging at least the surface of the disc with a plurality of scratches, depressions, or cuts, rendering the disc unreadable.

Abstract: Processing food items in a blender by operating the cutter assembly at a predetermined operating speed, reducing the operating speed of the cutter assembly t, and accelerating the operating speed of the cutter assembly in response to the items in the container having settled around the cutter assembly until the food items are suspended above the cutter assembly.

Abstract: A food waste disposal apparatus decomposing organic waste by inputting microbes during a process of drying the food waste, characterized in that the food waste disposal apparatus comprises a mixing basin installed in a housing, and a rotational shaft with a plurality of mixing blades, in which a hot water tank is installed near the mixing basin for heating the mixing basin, microbes in a microbe tank are sprayed into the mixing basin in order to enhance the efficiency of decomposition of food waste, a drain water tank with a drain pipe is provided under the mixing basin for collecting and discharging waste water, and a cleansing device installed in the drain water tank for cleansing an inner space of the drain water tank, and a control touch panel, in which functions for operation are set is installed, so that the functions can be selected in a touching manner.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an agricultural sample grinding system is provided. The system includes a grinder unit for grinding and uniformly mixing an agricultural sample. The system additionally includes a collection chamber connected to a transfer spout extending from a side of the grinder unit. The collection chamber is for collecting the ground and uniformly mixed agricultural sample dispensed from the grinder unit via the transfer spout. The system deposits the ground and uniformly mixed agricultural sample into the collection chamber such that the uniform mixture of the sample is maintained.

Abstract: A work vehicle including an engine and a transmission operatively engaging the engine. The transmission has at least one input shaft and at least one output shaft, wherein a ratio of a rotational speed of the output shaft with respect to a rotational speed of the input shaft may be changed by said transmission. The work vehicle further includes a cutter drum operatively engaging said transmission and a controller, wherein the controller selects the transmission ratio based on an input of a user of the work vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fining powders and an apparatus employing the same. By fast rotating the collision plates in a chamber, the powders can be continuously pulverized at high velocity. The chamber is maintained in a stable low pressure, so that gas flows are generated by planes of the rotating collision plates and the powders can be sorted. The present invention can perform functions of both pulverizing powders of D50<20 ?m to D50<2.0 ?m and sorting them with advantages of dry, low temperature, saving-energy, less consumed-material and high efficiency. The present invention is particularly suitable for oxides unable to be fined by high-temperature pyrolysis, powders having problems of changing properties at high temperature or aggregation. The present invention also provides a low-cost technology for certain powders such as cement.

Abstract: The present invention includes an apparatus and method for processing solid waste products. The apparatus comprises a rotatably mounted cylindrical vessel having a first end, a second end and an interior surface, at least one end terminating in a hatch that may be opened to allow access to the interior of the vessel and sealably closed to allow pressurization of the vessel; a steam inlet for injecting stem disposed at one or both ends; a plurality of substantially straight blades protruding from the interior surface of the vessel, and each the blade extending substantially the entire length of the vessel, so as to be capable of transporting waste material from the bottom of the vessel toward the top of the vessel, and releasing the waste material to fall to the bottom of the vessel. The apparatus also includes one or more actuators for moving the vessel between a position wherein the first end is higher than the second end and a position wherein the second end is higher than the first end.

Abstract: A control system with a sensor mounted in direct mechanical connection to a non-rotating refining member so that the sensor is responsive to axial vibration movement of the support, and an analog to digital converter directly connected to the output of the sensor without filtering. The control system also includes a controller connected to the analog to digital converter and responsive to the analog to digital converter to compare the amplitude of the output signal from the sensor to a baseline value based on the level of vibration associated with the pulp refiner when it is operating without plate clashing. When the signal exceeds the baseline value, an action is taken to help alleviate the plate clashing.

Abstract: A coffee maker includes a valve mechanism having a micro switch, an electromagnetic valve, a magnetic covering board activated by the electromagnetic valve for opening or closing a powder path, and a spring interconnecting the covering board and the electromagnetic valve. A motor-driven grinding mechanism includes two ring-shaped outer grinding members having teeth facing each other, and a spring biased inner grinding member including a hollow feed rod with a lead screw formed thereon. A powder fineness adjusting mechanism includes an adjustment lever. In a powder fineness adjustment for producing coarse coffee powder, pivoting the lever toward one direction will pivot an abutment member and move the same outward to push one grinding member for increasing a space between the grinding members filled with coffee beans to be ground. Pivoting the lever toward the other direction will produce fine coffee powder.

Abstract: A venturi receives incoming material through an inlet tube and subjects the material to pulverization. The material, as it undergoes pulverization, is further subject to moisture extraction and drying. An airflow generator, coupled to the venturi, generates a high speed airflow to pull the material through the venturi and into an inlet aperture in the airflow generator. The airflow generator directs the received pulverized material to an outlet where the material may be subsequently separated from the air. An acoustic emission sensor receives the resonant frequencies generated by material passing through the airflow generator. The resonant frequencies reflect a material flow rate that is adjusted to avoid an overload situation. An automatic balancer system couples to an axel rotating the airflow generator to provide balance, improve efficiency, and eliminate cavitation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a food waste disposer having an upper food conveying section, a motor section, a central grinding section and a controller. The upper food conveying section includes a housing forming an inlet to receive food waste. The motor section includes a switched reluctance machine having a rotor and a stator. The rotor imparts rotational movement to a rotatable shaft. The central grinding section is disposed between the food conveying section and the motor section. The food conveying section conveys food waste to the grinding section. The grinding section includes a grinding mechanism where a portion of the grinding mechanism is mounted to the rotatable shaft. The controller is electrically connected to the stator to control the switched reluctance machine. The controller is capable of directing rotational movement to the rotatable shaft and the portion of the grinding mechanism mounted to the rotatable shaft.

Abstract: A coffee apparatus comprises a coffee grinder which receives the coffee beans from a chamber which has a hermetically-sealed lid and a manually-operable venting valve, a sealing assembly for the outlet of the chamber, a vacuum pump capable of evacuating the chamber and a pressure switch connected to the vacuum pump and the chamber by a T-connector for turning on the pump to maintain a vacuum in the chamber when pressure in the chamber rises.

Abstract: A crushing control apparatus for a shearing crusher, which properly controls the crusher in accordance with kinds of objects to be crushed and is capable of reliably preventing stop of operation due to excessive load, clogging and the like, is provided. For this purpose, the crushing control apparatus includes a mode selecting switch (59) for selecting a mode according to each kind of the objects to be crushed, a ROM (33a) for storing a control condition of the rotary shafts (11, 11), which conforms to the mode for each of the mode, and a controller (33), which reads out the control condition corresponding to a selected mode from the ROM, when the predetermined mode is selected by the mode selecting switch, and controls the rotary shafts to be in the control condition which is read out.

Abstract: A apparatus for crushing waste metal products includes a rotor having a crushing device on a periphery thereof and a casing enclosing the rotor. The casing has an inlet and an outlet for products to be crushed. An exhaust gas from the casing is partly returned to the inlet of the casing by a circulator. The rest of the exhaust gas is ventilated and processed by an exhaust processor. An oxygen concentration is monitored in a gas pathway of the circulator to control the gas concentration in the casing. If the oxygen concentration is high, a water shower sprays into the casing.

Abstract: The disclosed method and apparatus for crushing material such as ice include a controller to actively control the speed, volume, temperature, and humidity of airflow to improve the crushing efficiency.

Abstract: A cone crusher includes a frame, a shaft supported by the frame, and a head coupled to the shaft. An eccentric is rotatably coupled to the shaft and an eccentric bushing is coupled to the eccentric. A temperature sensor is attached to the eccentric bushing and directly measures the temperature of the eccentric bushing. A wireless transmitter is coupled to the temperature sensor, wherein the wireless transmitter transmits the measured temperature data.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and installation for processing heterogeneous value bearing material by pressure comminution. The material is compressed in a bed of particles, at low pressures and at low bulk material densities, and preferably no more than is necessary to liberate the desired values, thereby to minimise the formation of fines. The compressive bed pressure applied to the material does not exceed 300 MPa, and the process is preferably operated in an open circuit mode. Surprisingly, these measures lead to enhanced liberation of values compared with conventional comminution techniques.

Abstract: A coffee grinder with a removable storage and dispensing element that has a housing and rotatable assembly in the housing. The rotatable assembly includes a distributor allows a single one of multiple open sectors to be filled in any given position. A dispensing component has an open sector angularly offset from the open sector of the distributor. When the dispensing component open sector aligns with a filled sector, the beans drop into a hopper for grinding. A grinder operates until all the beans in the hopper are ground.

Abstract: An improved two-stage comminuting and dehydrating system is efficient, environmentally sound, and may be employed to process sticky materials. The system includes a pair of cyclone structures for comminuting and dehydrating. Injection ports are positioned for injection of viscid substances directly into the low pressure region of each cone. The secondary cyclone structure is equipped with a lower exit port. A single blower is coupled with the cyclone structures to form an air flow loop from the primary cone bottom to the secondary cone top and from the secondary cone top to the primary cone top. Airflow for cycling material between the cones is controlled by feedback from moisture and particle size monitoring devices in a collection unit coupled with the secondary cone.

Abstract: Waste compaction apparatus has a screw conveyor which conveys material along a passage toward an exit nozzle which constricts the flow, to cause compaction. The screw conveyor is slidably mounted on a shaft, biased toward the nozzle. This allows the screw conveyor to move axially during compaction to help remove or avoid blockages within the apparatus.

Abstract: A grinding mill assembly includes a mill shell, a pair of mill bearings supporting the mill, a motor configured to drive said mill shell, and at least one of a noise sensor and a vibration sensor. The at least one sensor generating an output signal indicative of whether a charge within the mill shell has cascaded. In addition, the grinding mill assembly includes at least one position sensor to determine a position of the mill shell. The grinding mill assembly also includes a solidified load panel comprising a controller configured to receive and process the output signal to determine if the charge within the mill has cascaded prior to the mill shell reaching a predetermined location.

Abstract: In the cutting solution supplying and controlling apparatus for a dicing machine, a flow rate adjusting device is provided in addition to a regulator as the pressure adjusting device. The flow rate adjusting device has a flow rate controller, which controls a proportional solenoid valve according to a signal applied from a flow rate sensor as a feedback signal. Thus, even if the pressure of the water supplied from the water supply equipment of the factory changes, the flow rates of the cutting solution and the coolant are maintained. Moreover, the flow rates can be easily adjusted according to the type of work to be processed.

Abstract: A closed loop control system for monitoring and regulating operation of a grinding mill to reduce material in quantity to exactly match a processor material demand. The control system regulates the operation of components of a grinding mill at in response to a linear interpolation of variables between predetermined set points stored in register tables, so as to substantially match the mill reducing capability with variations in the percentage of the processor material demand, without the need for operator intervention. Multiple register tables are provided to accommodate different feed materials or blends, and an operational history record is maintained to allow for reconstruction of events leading to any component failures.

Abstract: A crushing device which is suitable, in particular, for chips, including a hopper for filling the chips therein, a tearing arm serving as a coarse breaking mechanism, and a fine breaking mechanism. The fine breaking mechanism has a grinding mechanism with at least one centrally arranged, rotating blade head, which operatively interacts with the stationary teeth arranged around the periphery of the grinding mechanism. The stationary teeth are disposed on at least two support segments, and the two segments are movably arranged in such a way that if a coarse piece enters the crushing device, the segments can be separated from the blade head so that the coarse piece can then be discharged.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for grinding containers that contain a powder. The apparatus includes (i) a grinder, (ii) an enclosure for confinement of the powder released during grinding, (iii) a supply of an inert atmosphere, and (iv) a conduit which directs the inert atmosphere from the supply into the enclosure. Also provided is a process for grinding containers that contain a powder, the grinding being carried within an atmosphere of an enclosure.

Abstract: A method and a device in which food waste is conveyed to a storage tank from an inlet using a difference in air pressure between the inlet and the storage tank.

Abstract: In a grinding/pulverizing system the combustion of the material being processed is avoided by grinding or pulverizing the material at temperatures below the combustion temperature of the material, and/or in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen level incapable of supporting combustion of the material at the processing temperature.

Abstract: A self-propelled machine that is used to break apart large round bales of straw and disperse the shredded material on a prepared seed bed. The machine includes an engine for power, a round bale chopper to dismember the round bale, a centrifugal fan and a moveable blower chute at least 9 feet long. The blower chute can move 360 degrees in the horizontal plane and 60 degrees in the vertical plane and allows the operator to very precisely control the amount and placement of the shredded material. A second large round bale can be stored and transported on the machine and can easily be moved into position to be shredded. An operator control chair is located at the right rear of the machine and is capable of controlling every aspect of the machine from the single location.

Abstract: For the metered feed of coarse granular material into an air jet mill an injector 3 operated by propellent air is used, the coarse material being fed continuously to a closed injector hopper 6 provided on the injector 3. In the injector hopper 6, the pressure is measured at a product-free point and, by resetting the propellent air mass flow at the injector 3 is held constant at a preselected setpoint partial vacuum value. Said setpoint value is preferably set so low that at said pressure there is only just no return flow from the injector 3 into the injector hopper 6. The apparatus for effecting said method comprises a control loop having a pressure sensor 16 for measuring the flow in the closed injector hopper 6, a motor-adjustable valve 4, 5 as an actuator for varying the supplied propellent air mass flow and a loop controller, which compares the actual pressure value with a preselected setpoint value and supplies a control signal for operating the actuator 4, 5.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an automated composting apparatus which includes a rotatable drum assembly mounted to a chassis which is adapted to provide wheeled transportability for the entire composting apparatus. Automation is provided primarily by a feedback control system having at least one sensor disposed inside the rotatable drum assembly, and being disposed to control the temperature and flow of air and/or water into the composting materials disposed in the rotatable drum assembly. The interior of the rotatable drum assembly has several unique features including a plurality of stationary dispensers mounted to a stationary, substantially hollow axle. The dispensers are adapted to disperse air and/or water into the compost material as the compost material is moved in and through the rotatable drum assembly.

Abstract: Apparatus for grinding material which enters the grinder in a wet condition and is subject to drying heat at the grinder to leave moisture in the ground material directed for independently material separation so the propelling initially hot gases looses its temperature level before returning to the grinder. A portion of the returning gases carrying ground fine with moisture therein is directed into a bag house to recover the fines and a portion of the drying heat is directed into the bag house to independently maintain a temperature level above the dew point temperature level in the bag house to prevent moisture from plugging the bag house. The apparatus provides two circulation loops, each with its independent moisture control, and a common transport for collecting product from each loop.

Abstract: A self-propelled stone crusher includes systems designed to operate the various machine functions by remote control (30), for operating on open ground or inside trenches, collecting and crushing rocks and stones which are then unloaded and levelled behind the machine. The chassis (3) of the machine is hinged to a shaft (11) integral with a crawler support structure (5) so that the machine can be tilted to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the lie of the land, and the crusher has a hammer mill (10) at the front, the perimeter of which is formed by a grid consisting of a number of bars (25), the distance between which varies, depending on the required particle size of the crushed material.

Abstract: Containerized medical waste is treated by a process in which the materials are carried by a conveyor under a negative pressure to a multiple-stage shredder. Sodium hypochlorite is added at several points in the shredder section of the apparatus. The output of the shredder is compressed and the liquid component which is separated out is recirculated. The compressed solid is conveyed through a conveyor in which the temperature is maintained at a level just under 212.degree. F. by the introduction of steam. The pressure is maintained at or below atmospheric pressure at all points in the system to prevent release of contaminated materials into the atmosphere. By using the combination of sodium hypochlorite and steam, it is possible to eliminate live microorganisms entirely while still taking advantage of low pressure to avoid accidental release of contaminated materials.

Abstract: Control process intended for closed-circuit, dry-method grinding installations which essentially comprises a batching device for feeding of raw materials, a grinder, an adjustable-speed dynamic separator, means for bringing to the separator the matter coming from the grinder, means for returning to the grinder the insufficiently ground matter coming from the separator which is termed oversized from the separator, means for conveying the finished product, a flowmeter for the oversize from the separator, and means for measuring a datum dependent on the feeding of the separator.

Abstract: A garbage decomposing mechanism includes a vessel having an inlet channel into which garbage is deposited, and a rotary stirrer for stirring the garbage within the vessel. Deposited garbage falls upon a vertically movable member which is initially at an upper position in the inlet channel to enable water in the garbage to gravitate down a water discharge channel. When the weight of garbage on the member exceeds a predetermined value, the member is automatically lowered to bring the garbage into alignment with a garbage in infeed channel to enable to garbage to gravitate to the stirrer. The stirrer comprises a spiral wing which is hollow and has air discharge holes. Heated air is forced through the wing and out the discharge holes to heat the garbage being stirred.

Abstract: A method and a mill (1) or crushing station (A) for crushing rubble, wherein the crushed material fills the mill discharging hopper (9) for a height (H1) which is higher than the height (H) of a hopper discharging opening (11) so that a continuous material plug (6) is formed which closes said discharging opening (11). The discharging means (2; 17) can be either integrated into the mill discharging hopper (9) or form a separated discharging device (2) which is associated to the mill (1). In operation the plug (6) is continuously removed from the plug bottom and fed to the plug top so that said continuous plug prevents the formation and exhausting of dust. The known dust separation chambers are thus superfluous.

Abstract: According to the method for controlling the grinding of mineral raw materials, at a predetermined value i* of the impregnation level to which the fines of the specimen are impregnated by the impregnating agent, the effective spin-lattice relaxation time of the impregnating agent protons is measured. Each time the parameters of the grinding process are set so that the approximation s'.sub.NMR for the specific surface area of the fines will attain a prescribed value s.sup.o.sub.NMR. Each time the residue percentage of the fines retained on a sieve is determined and at the onset of an increase of the residue percentage the grinding is controlled so that a subsequent agglomeration of fines particles is suppressed. The fines are impregnated by a liquid impregnanting agent comprising hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: An apparatus for crushing and storing product, especially glassware such as fluorescent lights and mercury vapor lamps, which when crushed, produces injurious substances, particularly mercury compounds, broken glass, and phosphorous powder. A flat funnel depending from a crushing chamber communicates with a round drum lid that has an opening coterminous with the narrow end of the flat funnel, so that crushed product is directed to the drum. A suction source is connected via the drum, through an opening in the lid, to the funnel-shaped compartment.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for a gyratory crusher has a hydraulically supported main shaft. An inlet line to the cylinder is provided with a pressure relief valve. When the pressure in the cylinder, e.g. because of a disturbance, exceeds the opening pressure of the relief valve, fluid flows from the cylinder through the pressure relief valve to the lubricating circuit of the crusher and further to the return line. The safety system of the crusher is simple, reliable, and quick.

Abstract: A method for the production of granules by the use of a high speed agitated granulating machine provided with agitating means for rolling and agitating a substance for granulation, spray means for spraying a binding liquid on the substance, disintegrating means for disintegrating particles arising from granulation, and drying means for drying the particles, characterized by effecting the production by causing the means to act on the substance for granulation simultaneously thereby performing the agitating, granulating, disintegrating, and drying operations simultaneously. An apparatus for automatically implementing the method is also disclosed. The method for high speed agitating sterilization according to this invention is capable of producing granules which are extremely homogeneous in contents of components and excellent in flowability and compression moldability. The granules in process of formation do not easily form coarse lumps as by cohesion and the produced granules possess stable quality.

Abstract: An apparatus of an elongated polygon-shaped vessel having a longitudinal axis, and an internal volume, wherein the elongated vessel is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, and wherein optionally, the internal volume is divided into a plurality of transverse chambers having a polygonal cross-section shape, and can optionally be further divided into a plurality of longitudinal sections, an inlet for receiving material, and an outlet for removing material, is useful, for example, as a composter for municipal solid waste (MSW), source separated organic waste, yard waste, sewage sludge, and of organic hazardous waste, as a wet mill to reduce the sizes, mix, and screen materials, such as MSW, source separated organic waste, yard waste, sewage sludge, and organic hazardous waste, and as a rotating vessel, such as a cement kiln or ball mill.

Abstract: A garbage disposal for decomposing garbage with microorganisms. The garbage disposal has a tank containing a mixture of garbage, a medium having microorganisms, stirring means for stirring the mixture in the tank in order to supply air into the mixture, and control means for controlling water content percentage of the mixture. The control means controls a stirring of the mixture and/or a temperature of the mixture and/or an air volume blown on the mixture in order to keep water content percentage in a proper value at which the microorganisms are active and a lifetime of the medium is extended.

Abstract: In combination an automated blend waste reclaim apparatus and a pharmaceutical tablet compression machine to facilitate reintroduction of blend into the tablet compression machine and comprising a filter operatively connected to the bulk material container of the tablet compression machine which serves to collect excess blend being pneumatically removed from the tablet compression machine. A blast of compressed air serves to periodically remove blend from the filter, and the blend is then caused to be reintroduced into the bulk material container of the pharmaceutical tablet compression machine.

Abstract: The comminution apparatus comprises a drive shaft having a roller bearing which is disposed in a housing. A temperature detector mounted in the housing monitors the temperature of the roller bearing. Hydraulic fluid is supplied to a circumferential groove in the housing to apply hydraulic pressure to the outer raceway. The hydraulic fluid pressure is monitored by a pressure detector and gage and may be vented by a manually operated relief valve. The drive shaft is rotated at normal operating speed and normal load with the bearing clearance at maximum until the bearing reaches an equilibrium temperature. Raising the hydraulic pressure develops a force on the rear surface of the outer raceway, biasing the outer raceway towards the shaft and reducing the bearing clearance. Reducing the bearing clearance reduces waste heat generated by skidding between the rollers and the raceway.

Abstract: A paper processing apparatus including a paper supplier for supplying papers one by one. A checker reads the papers supplied by the paper supplier to check at least whether the papers are complete or dirty papers. A transferrer transfers the papers checked by the checker. A collector collects papers checked as complete papers by the checker from among the papers transferred by the transferrer. A brancher branches papers checked as dirty papers by the checker from among the papers transferred by the transferrer. A discarder discards dirty papers branched by the brancher. A detector detects an abnormality of the transferrer and the discarder. A controller controls the brancher before the checker determines the checking result such that dirty papers are collected in the collector when an abnormality is detected in at least either the transferrer or the discarder by the detector.